JP2876455B2 - Method for producing carbide and production apparatus used for same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to the burning of industrial waste (eg, various plastics, various rubbers, petroleum residues, petroleum pitch, agricultural waste such as coconut shells, sugar cane slag, wood, rice husk, etc.). The present invention relates to a method for producing a carbide used as a raw material of activated carbon and a production apparatus used for the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to obtain carbide, self-combustion of carbonaceous material or pyrolysis of an external heat type or a combination thereof has been used. When carbonized at a high temperature, carbon pores shrink, and this carbide is used. Activated carbon activation work was difficult. In addition, carbonization at a low temperature often causes a portion of tar to remain on the surface of the carbon-forming crystals and cracks and pores between them, and is closed by carbon whose structure has been broken, and this carbide is The activated carbon used had a decrease in performance such as adsorption capacity and hardness. For this reason, the carbonaceous material used as the raw material of the activated carbon is a carbonaceous material such as coconut shell, sawdust, coal or petroleum pitch, whose carbon generation is stable, and the use of plastics and rubbers is difficult. It was with. In particular, in the incineration of plastics and rubbers, the generation of NOx and SOx due to high temperatures of as high as 1000 ° C. to 1300 ° C. is a problem. In order to prevent the combustion temperature from overheating, steam is coexisted. June 10, 1993 Meijigen Co., Ltd. “Waste Incinerator-Planning and Design” p. 97 4.1
See 4.2. In this case, it is an essential condition to secure an appropriate amount of air necessary for combustion. Therefore, in this method, overheating can be prevented by introducing steam, but ash remains in the carbide obtained after combustion by introducing air, and it is difficult to extremely reduce NOx and SOx generated. However, it is not sufficient as a method for producing carbides.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to burn industrial waste, sufficiently carbonize it while keeping the combustion temperature low, minimize the generation of NOx and SOx in the combustion gas, and reduce non-carbon generation. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a method for producing high-quality carbide in which the content of carbon is suppressed and a production apparatus used for the method.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention achieves the above object and is as follows. That is,
The method according to claim 1 is a method for producing carbide in which industrial waste is burned while spraying water vapor in a combustion furnace while shutting off outside air, wherein the combustion furnace has a double structure of an outer outer furnace and an inner radiant can. The fuel is injected and ignited toward the gap between the outer furnace and the radiant can, and the industrial waste stored in the radiant can is burned by radiant heat while spraying steam toward the radiant can. It is a method for producing carbide. The method according to claim 2 is a method for producing a carbide in which an industrial gas is burned while spraying an inert gas or a mixed gas of an inert gas and water vapor in a combustion furnace while shutting off the outside air. Injecting and igniting fuel toward the gap between the outer furnace and the radiant can with a double structure of an outer outer furnace and an inner radiant can, and inert gas or a mixed gas of inert gas and steam toward the radiant can. A method for producing a carbide, comprising burning industrial waste stored in the radiant can by radiant heat while spraying. According to the third aspect, a cylindrical radiant can is fixed to the inside of a cylindrical outer furnace outside the combustion furnace, a detachable lid is fitted to an upper end of the radiant can, and the outer side of the lower part of the outer furnace is attached to the outside. A gas burner provided toward the gap between the furnace and the radiant can, a spray nozzle provided through the outer furnace and the radiant can from outside the bottom of the outer furnace, and provided toward the inside of the radiant can, A flue communicating with the upper surface and the gas burner suction side, an exhaust pipe provided outside the outer furnace, and a temperature sensor protruding into the outer furnace and the radiant can provided in conjunction with the gas burner. ,
An apparatus for producing a carbide, comprising: a temperature sensor protruding into the radiant can provided in cooperation with the spray nozzle. According to a fourth aspect, in the third aspect, a pedestal provided at a lower bottom in the radiant can, a basket-shaped grate placed on the pedestal, and a gap between the pedestal and the grate. And a spray nozzle provided with the spray nozzle.

[0005]

[Function] Industrial wastes such as various plastics, various rubbers, various petroleum residues, and various agricultural wastes usually mainly consist of one of the three elements of carbon C, hydrogen H and sulfur S or a combination thereof. However, the reaction between the combustion of the carbon component and the water vapor acts so as to absorb the heat of the carbon component and suppress the temperature rise by the reduction endothermic reaction represented by the formula C + H ₂ O = CO + H ₂ -2350 Kcal / Kg. In the process of carbonizing non-carbon products in industrial waste, when exposed to steam,
Non-carbon-producing or tissue-broken carbon is entrapped in water vapor and separates from the carbon component, thereby acting to obtain a non-carbon-producing or tissue-broken carbon-free carbide. The fuel is not injected directly into the industrial waste and the fuel is injected and ignited toward the gap between the outer furnace and the radiant can, and the air is sprayed into the radiant can while air is sprayed. Burning by radiant heat under cutoff, the temperature inside the radiant can can be kept at a relatively low temperature of 300 to 500 ° C. The burning of industrial waste is due to thermal decomposition by radiant heat, so ash content is extremely small and harmful substances Is obtained, and acts to minimize the generation of NOx and SOx in the combustion gas. Further, by spraying an inert gas (for example, a nitrogen gas or a carbon dioxide gas) or a mixed gas of an inert gas and steam in place of steam, an abnormal rise in temperature is suppressed and generated as in the case of steam spraying. The carbide is moderately made porous to form an open-cell-type passage and acts so as to be suitable as a raw material for activated carbon. The radiant can has a double structure consisting of a pedestal and a basket-shaped grate,
It is possible to easily move the carbide and the remaining wires and the like stored in the grate obtained after the end of combustion to another container.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG.
1 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of an embodiment of a carbide manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a cylindrical radiant can 2 is fixed to the inside of the upper end of a cylindrical outer furnace 1, and the upper end of the radiant can 2 is
A detachable radiant can lid 4 protruding from the upper end is fitted to form a combustion furnace 18 having a double structure. A pedestal 14 is provided at the lower bottom inside the radiant can 2, and the mesh-shaped basket-shaped grate 3 reaching near the upper end of the radiant can 2 is mounted on the pedestal 14. A gas burner 10 is provided from a lower outer side of the outer furnace 1 toward a gap between the outer furnace 1 and the radiant can 2, and steam passes through the outer furnace 1 and the radiant can 2 from the outer side of the bottom of the outer furnace 1 toward the inside of the radiant can 2. Are provided. Pedestal 14
The mesh-shaped grate 3 is provided for improving workability after the completion of combustion, and is not always necessary.

A gas burner 10 of a mixed gas connected to an auxiliary fuel supply device 7 which operates in conjunction with a temperature sensor 9 projecting into the outer furnace 1 and a temperature sensor 8 projecting into the radiant can 2.
And a spray nozzle 11 that operates in conjunction with a temperature sensor 8 that protrudes into the radiation can 2. A flue 13 is provided on the upper surface of the radiation can lid 4, and the flue 16 is connected to the suction side of the fan 17 of the gas burner 10 through a detachable joint 6 at the other end of the flue 13. A hook 5 is fixed to the flue 13 near the radiation can lid 4. Exhaust pipe 1 on top of outer furnace 1
2 are provided and communicate with a downstream heat exchanger (not shown).

Next, a method for producing a carbide according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. When the flue 13 is moved in the directions of arrows A and B by engaging an external crane or the like (not shown) with the hook 5, the joint 6 becomes the suction side flue 1 of the fan 17.
6 is disengaged from the radiant can 2 because the radiant can lid 4 moves together with the flue 13 because the radiant can lid 4 can move in any of the directions of the arrows C to D and EF. Then, the radiation can 2 opens. For example, old tires 15 are put into the opened radiation can 2 as industrial waste, and the radiation can lid 4 is closed. Next, the gas burner 10 is ignited, and the gap between the outer furnace 1 and the radiant can 2 is heated to 600 to 800 ° C. This set temperature is maintained by the interlocking operation of the temperature sensor 9 in the outer furnace 1 and the auxiliary fuel supply device 7. At this time, no outside air is mixed into the combustion furnace 18, and the temperature set state reaches the old tires 15 through the gaps of the mesh-shaped grate 3 and is burned and decomposed. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of the old tire 15 reaches the gas burner 10 via the flue 13 and 16 and becomes a flame. Since the flame temperature reaches 950 to 1200 ° C, the radiant heat required for thermal decomposition is 600 to 800 ° C.
Is sufficient, and the fuel supply from the auxiliary fuel supply device 7 usually requires only about 30 minutes after the start of combustion and about 30 minutes before the completion of thermal decomposition.

Due to the radiant heat, the inside of the radiant can 2 is 300 to 500.
When the temperature reaches 0 ° C., the temperature sensor 8 in the radiation can 2 and the spray nozzle 11 operate in conjunction with each other, and steam is sprayed from the spray nozzle 11 into the radiation can 2, and the temperature in the radiation can 2 is abnormal due to an endothermic reaction of the steam. The rise is prevented and it is kept at the set temperature. The pyrolysis gas energy and exhaust gas used as radiant heat are supplied to the outer furnace 1
The gas is sent to a downstream heat exchanger (not shown) by an exhaust pipe 12 provided at an upper portion, and is used for heat.

After the burning of the old tire 15 is completed, the radiant can lid 4 is opened, and an external crane or the like (not shown) is engaged with the mesh-shaped grate 3 and taken out. The remaining wires and the like are transferred to another container and then charged into an activated carbon manufacturing device in a subsequent process. The carbide obtained in this example has an electrical conductivity of 10Ω / 10 cm ² or less and a specific gravity of 0.1.
The content is 55 g / ml or less, the carbonization is sufficient, the content of non-carbon-producing components or broken carbon in the structure is suppressed, and the carbon pores are well retained. Even if an inert gas (for example, nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas) or a mixed gas of an inert gas and water vapor is injected into the spray nozzle 11 of this embodiment instead of water vapor, the same high-quality carbide as in this embodiment can be obtained. .

[0011]

According to the present invention, in the production of carbide used as a raw material of activated carbon by burning industrial waste,
In the combustion furnace, the generation of NOx and SOx in the combustion gas can be suppressed as much as possible, and while maintaining the combustion temperature low, high-quality carbides that are sufficiently carbonized and contain less non-carbon generation components can be obtained efficiently. . Especially various plastics,
By producing carbides from industrial waste such as various rubbers,
It can greatly contribute to the recycling of industrial waste.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of one embodiment of a carbide producing apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 outer furnace 2 radiant can 3 grate 4 radiant can lid 5 hook 6 joint 7 auxiliary fuel supply device 8, 9 temperature sensor 10 gas burner 11 injection nozzle 12 exhaust pipe 13, 16 flue 14 pedestal 15 old tire 17 fan 18 combustion Furnace

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F23G 5/50 ZAB B09B 3/00 ZAB F23L 7/00 ZAB 302F

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for burning industrial waste while spraying steam in a combustion furnace while shutting off outside air .
In the manufacturing method, the combustion furnace is divided into an outer outer furnace and an inner radiant can.
Fuel to the gap between the outer furnace and the radiant can
While igniting and spraying water vapor into the radiant can
The industrial waste stored in the radiant can is burned by radiant heat.
A method for producing a carbide, characterized by firing . 2. An inert gas in a combustion furnace under the cutoff of outside air.
Industry while spraying mixed gas of water or inert gas and steam
In the method for producing a carbide in which waste is burned , the combustion furnace has a double structure of an outer outer furnace and an inner radiant can, and fuel is injected and ignited toward a gap between the outer furnace and the radiant can to radiate the radiant can. Inert gas or inert gas and water vapor
A method for producing a carbide, characterized in that industrial waste stored in the radiant can is burned by radiant heat while spraying the mixed gas . 3. A cylindrical radiant can is fixed to the inside of a cylindrical outer furnace outside the combustion furnace, and a detachable lid is fitted to an upper end of the radiant can. A gas burner provided toward the gap with the radiant can, a spray nozzle penetrating the outer furnace and the radiant can from the outside of the outer furnace bottom surface toward the inside of the radiant can, and an upper surface portion of the radiant can A flue communicating with the gas burner suction side, an exhaust pipe provided outside the outer furnace, a temperature sensor protruding into the outer furnace and the radiant can provided in cooperation with the gas burner, and An apparatus for producing carbide, comprising: a temperature sensor protruding into the radiant can provided so as to be interlocked with a nozzle. 4. The carbide manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a pedestal provided at a lower bottom in the radiant can, a basket-shaped grate placed on the pedestal, and a gap between the pedestal and the grate. An apparatus for producing carbide, comprising: a spray nozzle provided toward a surface.