JP2876407B2 - Red sea bream culture method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating red sea bream, and in particular, adding a fossil shellfish of a specific component to a feed for cultivation, giving the cultured red sea bream its fish color and giving it a natural red sea bream. It relates to a red sea bream cultivation method that can be approached.

[Prior art] Conventionally used aquaculture feed has been focused on how to grow cultured fish and shellfish in a short period of time, and the color, gloss, taste, etc. were secondary. I can't deny it. However, even for cultured fish and shellfish, it is not sufficient that the conditions such as size and weight are simply satisfied, and at least the taste is required to be close to that of natural products. In addition, as Japanese people are particular about food, they need to have colors and luster similar to those of natural products for cultured fish and shellfish, as well as eating it with the eyes. From these facts, it is a fact that efforts are being made to add various vitamins and minerals to the feed for aquaculture to bring the color, gloss, taste, etc. closer to natural products.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, cultured fish and shellfish are still far from natural products in color, luster, taste, etc., and their evaluation in the market is low. That is, in conventional cultured fish and shellfish, the internal organs are enlarged, fat is attached to the internal organs, and the fish grows rapidly because it grows rapidly, but the fish is large, but the meat is not tight and the taste is much worse than natural products . Particularly in red sea bream, this tendency is remarkable. In addition, the color of the fish is darkened, and at present it is far from the beautiful fish color unique to red sea bream.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a red sea bream cultivation method that eliminates darkening in cultured red sea bream and approximates the beautiful fish color unique to natural red sea bream.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and various nektons made of calcareous or silicic acid, plankton, algae, seaweed and the like are buried and deposited, and a crystalline material having antifungal properties is obtained. The powdered shellfish fossils used exclusively as fish body color adjusters, the fish body color adjusters are mixed with the feed for aquaculture, and this mixed feed is given to the cultured red sea bream for a predetermined period of time, so that the fish color of the cultured red sea bream is more natural It is characterized by approaching color.

[Action]

According to the above invention, the powdered shell fossil is exclusively used as a fish color adjusting agent, a certain amount of this fish color adjusting agent is mixed with a feed for aquaculture, and the mixed feed is given to the cultured red sea bream for a predetermined period, whereby the fish of the cultured red sea bream is taken. The mechanism by which the color approaches that of the red sea bream is not clear. However, the various mineral components contained in the powdered shell fossils are various types of nekton, plankton, algae, seaweed, etc. composed of calcareous and silicic acid buried and deposited, and after a long period of time, crystals that have become foul-soluble Since it is derived from the body, it contains all the elemental components required by living organisms. Moreover, since these various mineral components are aggregates of those once taken in by the living body from the external environment as needed, it is extremely easy for the cultured red sea bream to digest and absorb. Therefore, the body of cultured red sea bream is filled with various mineral components,
It is presumed that the fish color of the cultured red sea bream may be closer to that of the natural red sea bream due to the effect of mineral components that are considered to be greatly related to the color development of the red sea bream.

〔Example〕

The fossil shellfish used as a fish color adjusting agent by the present invention was one mined from a vein of fossil shellfish buried in Toyama prefecture. The shell fossils buried in this region are mainly formed as a result of the physiological effects of living organisms, and it is said that these remains were mechanically sifted and deposited on the sea floor in the sea. I have. In other words, this shell fossil is composed of various nektons (shells, fish), plankton (microorganisms), algae, seaweed, etc. composed of calcareous or silicic acid, etc., which are concentrated and buried alive due to the movement of the crust. By the end of the year (Neogene Miocene), it has been found that these organisms were fossils, that is, they were no longer stones, but rather crystalline forms with erosion. is there. Because of this origin, calcium carbonate, the main component of which is a collection of extremely fine particles secreted and formed from proteins, and in the form of aragonite (aragonite), is formed by calcite (calcite). There are features of the local shell fossils that are much more active than those that are.

The result of the component analysis of the refined and processed shell fossils of the Toyama prefecture region by the Japan Fertilizer Inspection Association,
It is as follows.

Moisture (H ₂ O) 1.05% Total silicic acid (SiO ₂ ) 18.42〃 Total moss soil (MgO) 0.80O Total lime (CaO) 40.14〃 Loss on ignition 32.66〃 Iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) 1.55〃 Aluminum oxide ( Al ₂ O ₃ ) 0.90〃 In addition, the above-mentioned shell fossils used are refined and processed into a fine powder having a particle size of about 0.01 μm to 50.00 μm, and the particle size distribution measurement results are as follows.

Summary data DV 10% 1.01 50% 5.13 90% 16.10 MV 6.80 CS 2.389 The above data was obtained under the following measurement conditions.

Sample name (ID-1) Shell fossil Lot No. (ID-2) (B) Measurement date and time 16:20 on October 1, 1986 Measurement use 0.12-42.2 RUN No 100 Measurement time 60 seconds DV No unit sample input MV Average temperature of deposition load CS specific surface area Among the shell fossils thus refined and processed, in the present invention, experiments were performed using shell fossils composed of the following main components.

Calcium oxide (CaO) 40.00% Silicic anhydride (SiO ₂ ) 13.00〃 Aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) 3.12〃 Magnesium oxide (MgO) 0.80〃 Phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ) 0.19〃 Potassium oxide (K ₂ O) 1.10鉄 Iron oxide ((Fe ₂ O ₃ ) 0.51〃 Manganese oxide (MnO) 0.01〃 Sodium oxide (Na ₂ O) 1.03〃 Other trace elements B, S, Cl, Cu, I, Co, Zn, Mo, etc. Since the shell fossil containing such components is used, it is suitable as a fish color adjuster for cultured red sea bream, and the detailed composition table of the above shell fossil is listed as the trade name Fish Green in Appendix 1. , Sakura in Appendix 1
No. 0.51, Minerax is a trade name and a conventional mineral agent. ).

Next, experiments for verifying the effect of shell fossils as fish color regulators were performed, and are described below.

First, a method of adding a shell fossil as a fish color adjuster to a feed for aquaculture is as follows.

For live feed, shell fossils are added in the range of 0.5% to 2.0% (for example, 5kg to 20kg for 1000kg of live feed).

In the case of minced bait, a round bait (raw bait) is first sprinkled with shell fossils and then minced (prepared).

In the case of feeding by round bait (cut bait), spills are prevented by always using fossil shellfish in combination with a compound feed having a spreading agent or adhesive.

The administration period of the addition of fossil shellfish is given for at least three consecutive days, and the effect is enhanced by continuous administration.

In particular, during a period in which high-fat aquaculture feed is given, such as when the water temperature is high in summer, or for two months before shipment, the amount of shell fossils added is close to the maximum value (2%).

Shell fossils should be used in combination with spreading agents, patches and nutrients as much as possible, and after opening, avoid moisture and direct sunlight.

In the case of solid feed, mix shell fossils into the currently used aquaculture feed, combine with a binder, for example, molasses alcohol waste liquid and water, stir, and further, mix the above mixture with a pelletizer. And pelletized to produce a solid feed.

As described above, as shown in Attachment 4, from July 1987 to September 1988, about 0.5% of shellfish fossil as a fish color adjuster was added to the aquaculture feed to the cultured red sea bream. Continued. Table 2 shows the results of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention. Table 3 shows the results of the components of conventional cultured red sea bream for reference.

Then, in order to determine the difference in fish color between the cultured red sea bream of the present invention and the natural red sea bream, L, a,
b was measured. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, both the cultured red sea bream and the natural red sea bream of the present invention have 8 fish bodies.
L, a, and b were measured by a color difference meter for one natural red sea bream and three cultured red sea breams of the present invention. The color difference display method using this color difference meter is specified in 6.3.2 Hunter's color difference formula of JIS Z8730-1980 established in 1980 (Showa 55). The meanings of L, a, and b are as follows.

L: The lightness index in the Hunter's color difference formula, indicating white-black. The color becomes white as the numerical value increases and becomes black as the numerical value decreases.

a: Chromaticness exponent in Hunter's color difference formula, indicating red-green, + value indicates red, larger value indicates more intense red,-value indicates green, smaller value The green color becomes stronger.

b: Chromaticness index in Hunter's color difference formula, indicating yellow-blue, + value indicates yellow, yellow increases as value increases,-value indicates blue, value decreases Blue becomes stronger.

The difference from L, a, b measured by the color difference meter at the eight parts of the fish of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention, using L, a, and b measured by the color difference meter as the reference values at the eight parts of the fish of the natural red sea bream, , ΔL, Δa, and Δb were calculated by the following equations.

ΔL = L value of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention−L value of the natural red sea bream Δa = a value of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention−a value of the natural red sea bream Δb = b value of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention−b value of the natural red sea bream ΔE is determined from ΔL, Δa, and Δb. ΔE is the color difference according to the color difference formula of Hunter,
This is a deviation from the point obtained on the three-dimensional coordinates by the L value, a value, and b value of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention based on the point obtained on the three-dimensional coordinates by the value, the a value, and the b value. Therefore, ΔE is obtained by the following equation.

Table 5 shows the results of ΔE = [(ΔL) ² + (Δa) ² + (Δb) ² ] ^1/2 or more.

Further, for comparison of the effects of the cultured red sea bream of the present invention, L, a, and b were measured using a color difference meter for the conventional cultured red sea bream. That is, this normally cultured red sea bream was cultivated by adding a conventional mineral agent such as Sakura No. 0.51 or Minerax shown in Attached Table 1 to a feed for aquaculture.
The measurement method, measurement items, calculation method, and the like are exactly the same as those in the above-described measurement of fish color of the cultured red sea bream and the natural red sea bream. Table 6 shows the results.

Next, a comparison is made between Table 5 showing the present invention and Table 6 showing the conventional example. That is, each part of Table 5 and Table 6
The average value of the results of the three individuals was calculated so that the comparison of the color differences ΔE in was easy, and the results are shown below.

Region Color difference ΔE in Schedule 5 Color difference ΔE in Schedule 6 7.38> 13.57 10.57> 13.45 5.57> 11.58 3.48> 12.40 7.76> 8.80 13.48> 15.30 9.3> 12.47 11.08> 14.45 As shown in this table, the color difference ΔE is more It turns out that it is overwhelmingly better than the example. Note that this color difference ΔE is 6
Although it is desirable to be as follows, there are four or less parts of 6 or less to about 6 and a considerable improvement effect is obtained. Therefore, it can be said that the use of shell fossils as a fish color adjuster is sufficiently effective.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a small amount of a fossil shellfish as a fish color adjuster is added to a feed for aquaculture and given to the cultured red sea bream for a predetermined period of time. You can get something close to fish color.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a measurement site of a fish color of red sea bream for examining the effect of the present invention.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] (1) various nektons made of calcareous or silicic acid, etc.
Plankton, algae, seagrass, etc. are buried and deposited, and powdery shell fossils in the form of rot-fused crystals are exclusively used as fish color adjusters, and the fish color adjusters are mixed with aquaculture feed. A method of cultivating red sea bream, comprising feeding a mixed feed to cultured red sea bream for a predetermined period of time to bring the fish color of the cultured red sea bream closer to that of a natural red sea bream.