JP2870442B2 - Ground excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground excavator for excavating a hole in a continuous underground wall, and more particularly to a ground excavator for expanding the excavation hole in an out-of-plane direction to have a variable cross section. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art One of ground excavators is a hydrophrase excavator. This excavator includes a guide frame suspended in an excavation hole, and a pair of cutter drums disposed at a lower end of the guide frame, and excavates by rotating the cutter drum while lowering the guide frame. By dug down the bottom of the hole, a trench having a constant width can be formed.

Here, there is a case where it is desired to change the wall thickness of the underground continuous wall in accordance with the magnitude of the earth pressure, for example. In such a case, since the conventional excavator can only excavate a trench having a fixed width, there is a problem that the above-described demand cannot be met.

Accordingly, the present applicant has developed a ground excavator capable of expanding a borehole in an out-of-plane direction (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-2443).
No. 0). The excavator is configured so that the cutter drum can expand and contract along the rotation axis direction, and when rotating while extending the cutter drum at a predetermined excavation position,
The drilling hole is expanded in the out-of-plane direction by a side cutter provided on the side surface of the cutter drum, and if the drilling machine is lowered in this state, the drilling hole can be widened over a desired height range. is there.

[0005]

However, in such a structure, the expansion / contraction stroke of the cutter drum is limited, and in the system using the side cutter,
Insufficient cutting force cannot be transmitted to the side wall. Therefore, if the expansion width is large or the ground is relatively hard, application may be difficult.

On the other hand, the present applicant has developed a ground excavator in which a drilling hole can be efficiently expanded by swinging a cutter drum around a horizontal axis and protruding to the side of a frame. Due to the fact that a ground excavator is suspended by a crane, the following problem arises when such a technique is directly used for expansion in an out-of-plane direction.

That is, when the drilling hole is expanded in the plane, as shown in FIG. 8, the cutter drum 1 is rotated so as to protrude to the side, and in this state, the cutter drum 1 is rotated. The wall 2 of the original borehole can be expanded like the wall 3 if it is, for example, when the borehole is expanded in the out-of-plane direction in order to increase the wall thickness near the lower end of the continuous underground wall , The ground excavator must frequently be moved horizontally by a distance corresponding to the wall length. Therefore, the work such as the movement and turning of the crane is increased, and the workability is reduced. In addition, the excavation remains on the way and the extended portion becomes discontinuous.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a ground excavator capable of efficiently and reliably expanding a hole wall of an excavation hole in an out-of-plane direction over a predetermined horizontal distance. The purpose is to:

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a ground excavator according to the present invention has the following features.
A frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame, and a movable frame in which the guide member is inserted into a predetermined guide hole and is horizontally movable along the guide member. A bracket which is attached to the movable frame so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis and a predetermined cutter drum is disposed near the lower end, and a hydraulic cylinder whose both ends are connected to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, respectively. And a horizontal drive mechanism for reciprocating the movable frame in the frame in the horizontal direction.

Further, in the ground excavator of the present invention, the horizontal drive mechanism according to claim 1 is connected to one end of a piston rod of a predetermined hydraulic cylinder to one of the frame and the movable frame, and the cylinder body is connected to the other side. It is constructed by connecting to.

In the ground excavator of the present invention, the horizontal driving mechanism according to claim 1 may be configured such that a reaction force rod mounted on the frame and a reciprocating type fixed to the movable frame and through which the reaction force rod is inserted. And a center hole jack.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ground excavator having a frame which can be suspended by a crane, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame, and a guide hole provided in a predetermined guide hole. A pair of movable frames, through which members are inserted and arranged to be horizontally movable along the guide members,
A bracket which is attached to the pair of movable frames so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis and a predetermined cutter drum is disposed near a lower end thereof, and a hydraulic pressure which is connected at both ends to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, respectively. An excavating mechanism for out-of-plane excavation comprising a cylinder and a horizontal drive mechanism for horizontally reciprocating the pair of movable frames within the frame, wherein the horizontal drive mechanism is provided between the pair of movable frames. And a return-type center hole jack fixed to the frame and through which the reaction force rod is inserted.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ground excavator having a digging mechanism capable of digging a ground in a trench shape below a main body frame that can be hung by a crane or the like. A digging mechanism for out-of-plane digging is disposed between the main body frame and the digging mechanism, and the out-of-plane digging mechanism includes a frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like via the main body frame. A predetermined guide member attached to the frame, a movable frame in which the guide member is inserted through a predetermined guide hole and is disposed so as to be movable horizontally along the guide member, and a movable frame around the horizontal axis. A bracket rotatably mounted and having a predetermined cutter drum disposed near a lower end thereof, a hydraulic cylinder having both ends connected to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, respectively, It is made of a movable frame and a horizontal drive mechanism for reciprocating in the horizontal direction within the frame.

[0014]

In the ground excavator of the present invention, first, an excavation mechanism for out-of-plane excavation is suspended in a pre-excavated hole and lowered to a predetermined depth position, and then the hydraulic cylinder is driven to drive the bracket. Is rotated so that the cutter drum projects toward the side wall in the hole. Next, the side wall is excavated by rotating the cutter drum, and the excavation hole is expanded in an out-of-plane direction.

Here, by operating the horizontal drive mechanism, the movable frame is moved horizontally along the guide member to change the horizontal position of the cutter drum. In this case, the expanded horizontal width is the length obtained by adding the horizontal reciprocating stroke to the excavation width of the cutter drum itself.

Next, the hanging position of the frame is horizontally moved by a distance substantially equal to or slightly shorter than the above-mentioned horizontal width by moving or turning the crane, and the out-of-plane expansion is similarly performed.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a ground excavator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 and 2 are a sectional view and a front view, respectively, of an out-of-plane excavating mechanism of a ground excavator according to this embodiment. As can be seen from these figures, the out-of-plane excavation mechanism 11 of the ground excavator according to the present embodiment.
In this example, a total of three guide members 13 are vertically arranged in two stages in a frame 12 that can be suspended by a crane via a main body frame (not shown). The guide member 13 is composed of, for example, a rod having a circular cross section,
It is good to fix to the inner surface of 2.

Further, a pair of movable frames 14 and 14 are provided in the frame 12 side by side, and a guide hole 15 is formed in a side plate 16 constituting a part of each movable frame 14. Then, by inserting the above-described guide member 13 into the guide hole 15, each movable frame 14 can move horizontally along the guide member 13 as shown by the arrow in FIG.

At the lower end of each of the movable frames 14,
A bracket 17 is connected via a pin 19 and a cutter drum 18 is provided at the lower end of the bracket 17. The bracket 17 is rotated about a horizontal axis as shown by an arrow in FIG. Can be projected to the side.

A number of cutters are provided on the peripheral surface of the cutter drum 18 so as to protrude therefrom, and a motor (not shown) is driven to rotate the cutter drum 18 so as to excavate a portion in contact with the drum. It has become.

In the movable frame 14, the hydraulic cylinder 2
0 is arranged, and the piston rod 21 is connected to the bracket 17 via the pin 23,
The cylinder body 22 is connected to the movable frame 14 via a pin 24, and the bracket 17 and the cutter drum 1 are connected.
8 can be driven to rotate around a pin 19.

Between the movable frames 14, 14, there is provided a horizontal drive mechanism 34 capable of reciprocating them horizontally. The horizontal drive mechanism 34 bridges the reaction force rod 31 between the movable frames 14, 14 and, at the same time, moves the return-type center hole jack 32 through which the reaction force rod 31 is inserted into the support frame 3.
3 and is fixed to the frame 12.

In the excavation mechanism 11 for out-of-plane excavation of a ground excavator according to this embodiment, first, a trench-shaped hole 42 is excavated as shown in FIG. 3 using a normal excavation mechanism (not shown). . Next, the excavating mechanism is removed from the main body frame 41, and the excavating mechanism 11 for out-of-plane excavation according to the present embodiment is used instead.
And then suspended in the hole 42.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven to rotate the bracket 17, and the cutter drum 18 is protruded toward the side wall 43 in the hole 42. Next, the side wall 43 is excavated by rotating the cutter drum 18 to form a wall 44 expanded in an out-of-plane direction.

Here, the jack 32 of the horizontal drive mechanism 34
Is operated, the jack 32 applies a reaction force to the support frame 33 to move the reaction force rod 31 leftward or rightward, and the movable frames 14 and 14 move horizontally in conjunction with each other.

The horizontal movement may be performed simultaneously with the out-of-plane excavation, or the cutter drum may be returned to its original position and then horizontally moved by a predetermined pitch, and then the excavation may be performed by rotating the cutter drum. And these may be repeated.

In this manner, the horizontal width expanded in the out-of-plane direction by excavation is the length obtained by adding the reciprocating stroke in the horizontal direction to the excavation width of the cutter drum 18 itself, that is, the frame 12 in this embodiment. The width almost equivalent to the width of the crane is excavated at one time, and it is not necessary to move the crane during that time. For this reason, it is possible to avoid leaving undigged portions on both sides of the cutter drum 18 and the gap between the both.

Next, the hanging position of the main body frame 41 and the out-of-plane excavating mechanism 11 is horizontally moved by a distance substantially equal to or slightly shorter than the above-mentioned horizontal width by moving or turning the crane. Out of plane expansion.

As described above, according to the out-of-plane excavation mechanism of the ground excavator according to the present embodiment, the bracket on which the cutter drum is disposed is configured to be rotatable laterally,
Since the movable frame to which the bracket is attached is configured to be movable in the horizontal direction, the hole wall of the excavation hole can be efficiently and reliably expanded in the out-of-plane direction and over a predetermined horizontal distance.

That is, if the cutter drum is not moved horizontally, the horizontal distance over which the side wall can be excavated by rotating the bracket with the ground excavator suspended at a predetermined position is only the width of the cutter drum, and Of course, when the excavator is moved to the next excavation, the excavator is left unexcavated in the gap between the previously excavated parts or in the gap between the cutter drums.

However, according to the out-of-plane excavating mechanism of the ground excavator according to the present embodiment, the excavation width of the cutter drum itself plus the reciprocating stroke in the horizontal direction is reliably excavated. Becomes possible. In addition, since the frequency of moving the suspension position is reduced, the excavation efficiency is also improved.

Further, according to the out-of-plane excavation mechanism of the ground excavator according to the present embodiment, two movable frames are juxtaposed, and a cutter drum is arranged on each of the movable frames, thereby forming a double structure. Excavation can be performed efficiently. In addition, 2
With only the continuous configuration, uncut digging is likely to occur between the two sets of cutter drums, but by making them horizontally movable, out-of-plane excavation can be performed without any uncut digging.

In this embodiment, the horizontal driving mechanism 34 is constituted by using the backward-moving jack 32. However, a horizontal driving mechanism 51 as shown in FIG. 5 may be used instead. The horizontal drive mechanism 51 has a pair of hydraulic cylinders 52, 52 fixed to a support base 33, and the distal ends of the piston rods 53 of the hydraulic cylinder 52 are connected to the movable frames 14, 14.
In this configuration, each movable frame 14, 1
4 are individually moved horizontally.

Further, in the present embodiment, the bracket, the cutter drum and the like are arranged in two rows in consideration of the excavation efficiency. However, it is not always necessary to adopt such a configuration, and as shown in FIG. A structure in which only one set of cutter drums and the like are arranged may be used.

In such a case, a horizontal drive mechanism 61 may be provided in place of the above-mentioned horizontal drive mechanism. The horizontal drive mechanism 61 bridges the reaction rod 62 between the side plates 64, 64 of the frame 12, and moves the reversible center hole jack 63 through which the reaction rod 62 is inserted into the movable frame 1.
4, when the jack 63 is driven, the jack 63 takes a reaction force on the reaction rod 62 and moves horizontally,
Accordingly, the movable frame also moves horizontally.

Even with such a single structure, the drilling efficiency is slightly reduced, but as in the above-described embodiment, the hole wall of the drill hole can be efficiently and reliably formed in the out-of-plane direction over a predetermined horizontal distance. Can be extended.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a ground excavator according to a second embodiment will be described. Note that the same reference numerals are given to components and the like that are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 7A is a front view of a ground excavator 70 according to the second embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the ground excavator 70 has the above-described excavation for out-of-plane excavation between a main body frame 41 that can be hung by a crane or the like and a normal excavation mechanism 71 that can excavate the ground in a trench shape. Mechanism 11
Is arranged.

When a continuous underground wall 75 having a variable cross section as shown in FIG. 7B is formed by using the ground excavator 70 according to this embodiment, first, the cutter drum 72 of the excavating mechanism 71 is rotated. The ground is excavated downward, and a trench having a width corresponding to the lower standard wall 76 or the upper standard wall 78 is excavated.

When the formation of the trench having the standard width is completed, the ground excavator 70 is moved up and down to a predetermined position, and the excavation of the expanded wall 77 is performed. In the out-of-plane excavation, as described above, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven to rotate the bracket 17, and the cutter drum 18 is projected toward the side wall in the hole. Next, the side wall is excavated by rotating the cutter drum 18 to form a wall expanded in an out-of-plane direction. During excavation, the posture of the ground excavator 70 is appropriately adjusted using the arm 74 provided on the main body frame, and the excavated waste is transported to the ground via the mud pipe 73. Note that the horizontal drive mechanism 3
4 is almost the same as the first embodiment,
Here, detailed description is omitted.

According to the ground excavator according to this embodiment, the first
In addition to the same effects as those of the embodiment, another effect is obtained in that it is not necessary to attach / detach the excavation mechanism when the operation is shifted from the ordinary trench excavation to the out-of-plane excavation.

[0043]

As described above, the ground excavator of the present invention has a frame which can be suspended by a crane, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame, and a guide member provided in a predetermined guide hole. A movable frame that is inserted and disposed horizontally movable along the guide member, a bracket that is attached to the movable frame so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis, and that has a predetermined cutter drum disposed near the lower end, An excavation mechanism for out-of-plane excavation comprising a hydraulic cylinder connected to the bracket and the movable frame via a pin, respectively, and a horizontal drive mechanism for reciprocating the movable frame horizontally in the frame. Therefore, the hole wall of the excavation hole can be efficiently and reliably expanded in the out-of-plane direction and over a predetermined horizontal distance.

Further, the ground excavator of the present invention has a frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame, and a guide member that is inserted through a predetermined guide hole and passes through the guide member. A pair of movable frames disposed horizontally movably along, a bracket provided with a predetermined cutter drum near the lower end and rotatably attached to the pair of movable frames around a horizontal axis, An excavation mechanism for out-of-plane excavation comprising a hydraulic cylinder connected to the bracket and the movable frame via a pin, respectively, and a horizontal drive mechanism for horizontally reciprocating the pair of movable frames within the frame. The horizontal driving mechanism includes a reaction rod mounted between the pair of movable frames, and a return rod fixed to the frame and through which the reaction rod is inserted. Since consisting of formulas of the center hole jack, the pore walls of the borehole can be extended efficiently and reliably over a predetermined horizontal distance and the out-of-plane direction.

Further, the ground excavator according to the present invention is a ground excavator in which an excavation mechanism capable of excavating the ground in a trench shape is provided below a main body frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like. A digging mechanism for out-of-plane digging is arranged between the digging mechanism and the digging mechanism for out-of-plane digging, and a frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like via the main body frame,
A predetermined guide member attached to the frame, a movable frame in which the guide member is inserted through a predetermined guide hole and is disposed so as to be horizontally movable along the guide member, and is turned around the horizontal axis by the movable frame. A bracket movably mounted with a predetermined cutter drum disposed near a lower end, a hydraulic cylinder having both ends connected to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, and the movable frame being horizontally moved within the frame. The horizontal drive mechanism reciprocates in the direction, so that the hole wall of the excavation hole can be efficiently and reliably expanded in the out-of-plane direction and over a predetermined horizontal distance.

[0046]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an out-of-plane excavation mechanism of a ground excavator according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an out-of-plane excavation mechanism of the ground excavator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the ground excavator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a modification of the out-of-plane excavation mechanism according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing another modification of the out-of-plane excavation mechanism according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7A is a front view showing a ground excavator according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing a continuous underground wall of a variable cross section that can be excavated using the ground excavator.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a ground excavator according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 11 excavation mechanism for out-of-plane excavation 12 frame 13 guide member 14 movable frame 15 guide hole 16 side plate 17 bracket 18 cutter drum 20 hydraulic cylinder 31, 62 reaction force rod 32, 63 center hole jack 34, 51, 61 horizontal drive mechanism 52 hydraulic Cylinder 53 Piston rod 70 Ground excavator 71 Excavation mechanism

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-263426 (JP, A) JP-A-6-35332 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02F 5/02

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A frame that can be hung by a crane or the like, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame, and the guide member is inserted through a predetermined guide hole so as to be horizontally movable along the guide member. A movable frame, and a bracket in which a predetermined cutter drum is attached to the movable frame so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis and disposed near a lower end,
An excavation mechanism for out-of-plane excavation consisting of a hydraulic cylinder having both ends connected to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, respectively, and a horizontal drive mechanism for horizontally reciprocating the movable frame within the frame. A ground excavator comprising: 2. The horizontal drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a tip of a piston rod of a predetermined hydraulic cylinder is connected to one of the frame and the movable frame, and a cylinder body is connected to the other. Ground excavator. 3. The horizontal drive mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a reaction rod attached to the frame, and a reversible center hole jack fixed to the movable frame and through which the reaction rod is inserted. Excavator. 4. A frame which can be hung by a crane or the like, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame, and the guide member is inserted through a predetermined guide hole so as to be horizontally movable along the guide member. A pair of movable frames,
A bracket which is attached to the pair of movable frames so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis and a predetermined cutter drum is disposed near a lower end thereof, and a hydraulic pressure which is connected at both ends to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, respectively. An excavation mechanism for out-of-plane excavation comprising a cylinder and a horizontal drive mechanism for horizontally reciprocating the pair of movable frames in the frame, the horizontal drive mechanism being provided between the pair of movable frames. A ground excavator, comprising: a reaction rod; and a return-type center hole jack fixed to the frame and through which the reaction rod is inserted. 5. A ground excavator provided with an excavation mechanism capable of excavating the ground in a trench shape below a main body frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like, wherein an out-of-plane excavation is provided between the main body frame and the excavation mechanism. A digging mechanism for the out-of-plane digging, the digging mechanism for out-of-plane digging, a frame that can be suspended by a crane or the like via the main body frame, a predetermined guide member attached to the frame,
A movable frame in which the guide member is inserted into a predetermined guide hole and is horizontally movably arranged along the guide member;
A bracket which is attached to the movable frame so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis and a predetermined cutter drum is disposed near a lower end, and a hydraulic cylinder whose both ends are connected to the bracket and the movable frame via pins, respectively, A ground excavator, comprising: a horizontal drive mechanism that reciprocates the movable frame horizontally in the frame.