JP2862364B2 - Heating element - Google Patents
Heating elementInfo
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- JP2862364B2 JP2862364B2 JP30457290A JP30457290A JP2862364B2 JP 2862364 B2 JP2862364 B2 JP 2862364B2 JP 30457290 A JP30457290 A JP 30457290A JP 30457290 A JP30457290 A JP 30457290A JP 2862364 B2 JP2862364 B2 JP 2862364B2
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- heating element
- powder
- weight
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- combustion
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Description
本発明は、金属の酸化還元反応を利用する発熱体に関
するもので、食品の加温又は加熱調理に当たって、安全
でかつ簡便に利用できるものである。The present invention relates to a heating element that utilizes a metal redox reaction, and can be used safely and simply in heating or cooking food.
金属酸化熱を利用する発熱体については、以前より多
くの提案がある。 例えば、特公昭57−582号、実公昭58−24119号、特開
昭62−17287号、特開昭63−51491号、特開平１−284582
号などがあり、これらの提案はすべて鉄粉、アルミ粉、
及びフェロシリコン粉末の１種又は１種以上に、金属酸
化物と過酸化物を混合することが提案されている。 また特開平１−288218号については、フェロシリコン
粉末にFe2O3及びCuOの１種以上で構成される発熱体が開
示されている。There have been many proposals for a heating element utilizing heat of metal oxidation. For example, JP-B-57-582, JP-B-58-24119, JP-A-62-17287, JP-A-63-51491, JP-A-1-284582
And all these proposals are iron powder, aluminum powder,
It has been proposed to mix a metal oxide and a peroxide with one or more of the ferrosilicon powders. As for Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-288218, the heating element is disclosed consisting of a ferrosilicon powder Fe 2 O 3 and CuO 1 or more.
過酸化物が使用される従来技術は、発熱体の燃焼時に
過酸化物がSiと反応する以外に、熱分解されて酸素ガス
を遊離し、火花又は炎の原因となって容器外に噴出する
危険を有している。また、燃焼後の発熱体がこの遊離す
る酸素ガスのために海綿状となって激しく膨張する問題
点を有している。 上記、特開平１−288218号に記載のものは、発熱体に
過酸化物が使用されていないため、酸素ガスの遊離は大
巾に改善されているが、然し、酸素ガスの発生が完全に
停止されたわけではなく、燃焼後の発熱体の形状が膨張
したり、変形したりなどの問題点がなお残されている。In the prior art in which peroxide is used, in addition to the peroxide reacting with Si when the heating element is burned, it is thermally decomposed to release oxygen gas and squirt out of the container as a cause of spark or flame. Has danger. Further, there is a problem that the heat generating element after combustion becomes spongy due to the released oxygen gas and expands violently. In the above-mentioned JP-A-1-288218, the release of oxygen gas is greatly improved because no peroxide is used for the heating element, but the generation of oxygen gas is completely reduced. It has not been stopped, and problems such as expansion and deformation of the shape of the heating element after combustion still remain.
本発明者等は、以上のような欠点を解決するために、
高温で安定な酸化物であり、かつ、Siに対して酸素の供
与体となり得るものについて種々試験検討を行なった結
果、本発明に到達したものである。 すなわち、本発明は金属粉末と金属酸化物粉末で圧縮
成形された発熱体において、金属粉末がフェロシリコン
であって、金属酸化物は酸化第２鉄（Fe2O3）粉末とこ
れより低次の酸化鉄（Fe2O3-X 但しＸ＝0.2〜1.0）粉
末の混合物であることを特徴とするものである。 更に、フェロシリコン粉末が20〜35重量部、酸化第２
鉄粉末が10〜50重量部、及び低次の酸化鉄粉末が20〜60
重量部である発熱体、及び、低次の酸化鉄はFe2O3-Xに
おけるＸ値が約0.33の四三酸化鉄（Fe3O4）が主体であ
る発熱体が上記課題を解決し得ることを見出したのであ
る。 本発明に使用されるフェロシリコンは、Si含有量75％
以上、平均粒径20μ以下、好ましくは10μ以下が望まし
い。フェロシリコンの平均粒径が20μ以上となると着火
が困難となり、円滑な燃焼が不可能となる。また、フェ
ロシリコンの添加量は20〜35重量部が好適で、20重量部
以下の場合は燃焼が断続的となり円滑に燃焼が進行しな
いことが生じ、また、35重量部以上となると単位重量当
たりの発熱量が低下することになり好ましくない。 また、使用される酸化第２鉄は、Ｓ、Cl、SO3などガ
ス化する不純物が少なく、粉末粒子径が10μ、好ましく
は５μ以下が好適である。Fe2O3の添加量は10〜50重量
部が適切で、10重量部以下では成形体の強度が低下する
傾向となり、50重量部以上ではFe2O3-Xの添加効果が減
退する結果となる。 更に、本発明に使用される低次の酸化鉄であるFe2O
3-XはFe2O3を部分還元して容易に得られ、また二価Feを
中和酸化して得られるもの、その他、天然の低次酸化鉄
鉱石を微粉末化したものなど幅広く利用できるが、本発
明では特に安価で容易に入手できるマグネタイト、すな
わち、Fe2O3-XのＸ値が0.33近辺の酸化鉄（Fe3O4）が最
も好ましい。その他のFe3O4の条件の使用条件として
は、Fe2O3と同様に高温でガス化する不純物が少なく、
粉末粒子径が10μ、好ましくは５μ以下が好ましい。Fe
3O4の添加量は20〜60重量部が好適で、20重量部以下で
は効果が不充分であり、60重量部以上では単位重量当た
りの発熱量が低下し、また成形体の強度も低下する傾向
となり本発明にとって不都合である。 SiとFe2O3の燃焼速度調整剤としては、アルミナ、シ
リカ、その他岩石粉などの酸素供与体でない成分が考え
られるが、これらの成分は少量を添加することによって
も燃焼が中断するなど円滑な燃焼を妨害する効果とな
り、本発明には好適に使用することができない。 本発明の発熱体は各種形状の柱状又は板状に圧縮成形
して使用される。圧縮成形に当たっては、フェロシリコ
ン、酸化第２鉄、低次の酸化鉄の各粉末を混合し、その
まま金型で200〜500kg/cm2で圧縮してもよく、また、セ
ラミック系など非燃焼性のバインダーを１〜３％添加
し、100〜300kg/cm2で処理しても充分に目的を達するこ
とができる。The present inventors, in order to solve the above disadvantages,
As a result of conducting various tests and studies on oxides which are stable at high temperatures and which can serve as oxygen donors to Si, the present invention has been achieved. That is, the present invention relates to a heating element compression-molded from a metal powder and a metal oxide powder, wherein the metal powder is ferrosilicon, and the metal oxide is ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) powder and lower. A powder of iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3-X, where X = 0.2 to 1.0). Furthermore, 20-35 parts by weight of ferrosilicon powder,
10 to 50 parts by weight of iron powder, and 20 to 60 parts of lower iron oxide powder
The heating element which is part by weight and the heating element mainly composed of triiron tetroxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) having an X value of about 0.33 in Fe 2 O 3-X solve the above-mentioned problems. I found it to gain. Ferrosilicon used in the present invention has a Si content of 75%
As described above, the average particle diameter is desirably 20 μ or less, preferably 10 μ or less. When the average particle size of ferrosilicon is 20 μm or more, ignition becomes difficult, and smooth combustion becomes impossible. Further, the addition amount of ferrosilicon is preferably 20 to 35 parts by weight.If it is less than 20 parts by weight, the combustion is intermittent and the combustion does not proceed smoothly.If it is more than 35 parts by weight, per unit weight is used. Is undesirably reduced in the amount of heat generated. The ferric oxide used has a small amount of impurities to be gasified, such as S, Cl, and SO 3, and has a powder particle size of 10 μm, preferably 5 μm or less. The addition amount of Fe 2 O 3 is suitably from 10 to 50 parts by weight, and if it is less than 10 parts by weight, the strength of the molded body tends to decrease, and if it is more than 50 parts by weight, the effect of adding Fe 2 O 3-X decreases. Becomes Further, Fe 2 O, which is a low-order iron oxide used in the present invention,
3-X can be easily obtained by partial reduction of Fe 2 O 3 , can be obtained by neutralizing and oxidizing divalent Fe, and can be used widely, such as fine powder of natural low-grade iron oxide ore Although it is possible, in the present invention, magnetite which is particularly inexpensive and easily available, that is, iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) whose X value of Fe 2 O 3-X is around 0.33 is most preferable. Other conditions for use of Fe 3 O 4 include, as in Fe 2 O 3 , fewer impurities gasifying at high temperatures,
The particle diameter of the powder is preferably 10μ, preferably 5μ or less. Fe
The addition amount of 3 O 4 is preferably 20 to 60 parts by weight, and the effect is insufficient when the amount is less than 20 parts by weight. This is inconvenient for the present invention. As non-oxygen donors such as alumina, silica, and rock powder, it is conceivable to use Si and Fe 2 O 3 as combustion rate regulators. The effect is to hinder the combustion and cannot be suitably used in the present invention. The heating element of the present invention is used after being compression-molded into various shapes of columns or plates. In the compression molding, powders of ferrosilicon, ferric oxide, and low-order iron oxide may be mixed and compressed at 200 to 500 kg / cm 2 in a mold. If the binder is added at 1 to 3% and the treatment is performed at 100 to 300 kg / cm 2 , the object can be sufficiently achieved.
以上のように、本発明はSiの酸素供与体として過酸化
物を使用することなく、酸化第２鉄およびこれより低次
の酸化鉄の混合粉末が酸素供与体として作用することを
特徴としている。低次の酸化鉄として特にFe3O4を添加
することによって、実用上安全で、かつ有効な発熱体と
することができた。 Fe3O4のような低次酸化鉄はFe2O3に比較して高温安定
性に優れており、Siの燃焼熱により酸素を遊離しがたい
のみならず、Fe2O3から遊離する酸素を吸収する作用を
期待することができ、発熱体の燃焼後に発熱体にクラッ
クが生じたり、発熱体が膨張したりなどの現象を防止す
ることに効果的に作用するものである。また、Fe3O4で
代表される低次の酸化鉄は、Fe2O3-XのＸ＝0.2〜1.0の
範囲内にあるものを併用することで、酸化第２鉄のみを
Siの酸素供与体とした発熱体に比較して燃焼が緩やかで
あり、燃焼速度調整剤として効果的に作用する。 以上の説明で明らかであるが、本発明は燃焼時に発熱
体が酸素の遊離によって膨張することもなく、緩やかで
円滑な燃焼が進行する。そこで、食品の加温、又は加熱
調理に安全で簡便に使用できる。As described above, the present invention is characterized in that a mixed powder of ferric oxide and lower-order iron oxide acts as an oxygen donor without using peroxide as an oxygen donor of Si. . By adding Fe 3 O 4 especially as a low-order iron oxide, a practically safe and effective heating element could be obtained. Low-order iron oxides such as Fe 3 O 4 have excellent high-temperature stability compared to Fe 2 O 3 , and it is difficult to release oxygen due to the heat of combustion of Si, and it is released from Fe 2 O 3 An effect of absorbing oxygen can be expected, and it effectively acts to prevent phenomena such as cracking of the heating element after heating of the heating element and expansion of the heating element. In addition, low-order iron oxide represented by Fe 3 O 4 is used together with Fe 2 O 3-X in the range of X = 0.2 to 1.0 to remove only ferric oxide.
The combustion is slower than that of the heating element used as the oxygen donor of Si, and it effectively acts as a combustion rate regulator. As is apparent from the above description, in the present invention, the heating element does not expand due to liberation of oxygen at the time of combustion, and gradual and smooth combustion proceeds. Therefore, it is safe and easy to use for heating or cooking food.
以下実施例によって、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。 実施例１ 平均粒径８μのフェロシリコン（Fe25％、Si75％）30
重量部、平均粒径２μのFe2O330重量部、及びマグネタ
イト粉末（Fe3O4主体 Ｘ≒0.33）40重量部を混合し、
この混合粉末15gを直径3cmの金型に入れ、300kg/cm2で
圧縮成形し、厚さ1cmの発熱体を得た。 この発熱体を第１図に示す断熱材（３）の上に載せ、
発熱体（２）のほぼ中央部に、鉄粉、フェロシリコン、
酸化銅、過酸化バリュウムの混合粉末0.2〜0.3gを着火
剤（４）としておき、マッチで着火剤（４）に点火した
後、第１図に示すようなアルミ製容器（１）に20℃の水
（５）180mlを入れ、直ぐに発熱体（２）を断熱材
（３）と共にアルミ製容器の底部凹部に挿入し、５分後
に水の温度を測定したところ51℃であった。また、この
発熱体（２）はアルミ製容器（１）に挿入後も静かに燃
焼を継続し、燃焼後の膨張も直径方向で1mm以下であっ
た。 実施例2,3 Fe2O3及びFe3O4の混合比を変更する以外は実施例１と
同様の条件で水の昇温テストを行い、表１のような結果
を得た。なお、いずれの発熱体も円滑に燃焼を継続し、
燃焼後の膨張はいずれも1mm以下であった。 比較例１〜４ Fe2O3及びFe3O4の混合比を変更する以外は実施例１と
同様の条件で水の昇温テストを行い、表２のような結果
を得た。また、表２には発熱体の燃焼後の膨張を直径方
向の増加量の測定結果で示した。 比較例3,4の膨張は1mm以下であったが、燃焼後の発熱
体にわずかなクラックが生じ、約３〜4gの未燃焼部分が
残った。 実施例４〜６ フェロシリコン（Fe25％,Si75％）の添加量を変更す
る以外は、実施例１と同様の条件で水の昇温テストを行
い、表３のような結果を得た。 実施例６は約0.5gの未燃焼部分があったが、燃焼は円
滑に進んだ。燃焼後の発熱体の膨張はすべて1mm以下で
あった。 比較例5,6 フェロシリコンの添加量を変更する以外は実施例１と
同様の条件でテストし、表４のような結果を得た。な
お、燃焼後の発熱体の膨張はいずれも1mm以下であっ
た。 比較例６は、約4.5gの未燃焼発熱体が残った。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. Example 1 Ferrosilicon (25% Fe, 75% Si) with an average particle size of 8μ30
Parts by weight, 30 parts by weight of Fe 2 O 3 having an average particle diameter of 2μ, and 40 parts by weight of magnetite powder (mainly Fe 3 O 4 X ≒ 0.33),
15 g of the mixed powder was placed in a mold having a diameter of 3 cm, and compression-molded at 300 kg / cm 2 to obtain a heating element having a thickness of 1 cm. This heating element is placed on the heat insulating material (3) shown in FIG.
Near the center of the heating element (2), iron powder, ferrosilicon,
0.2 to 0.3 g of a mixed powder of copper oxide and barium peroxide is used as an igniting agent (4), and after igniting the igniting agent (4) with a match, the aluminum container (1) as shown in FIG. 180 ml of water (5) was added, and the heating element (2) was immediately inserted into the bottom recess of the aluminum container together with the heat insulating material (3). Five minutes later, the temperature of the water was measured. The heating element (2) continued burning calmly even after being inserted into the aluminum container (1), and the expansion after burning was 1 mm or less in the diameter direction. Examples 2 and 3 A temperature rise test of water was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 was changed, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. In addition, all the heating elements continue burning smoothly,
The expansion after combustion was 1 mm or less in all cases. Comparative Examples 1 to 4 A temperature rise test of water was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 was changed, and the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. Table 2 shows the expansion of the heating element after combustion as a result of measuring the amount of increase in the diameter direction. Although the expansion of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 was 1 mm or less, a slight crack occurred in the heating element after combustion, and an unburned portion of about 3 to 4 g remained. Examples 4 to 6 Except for changing the addition amount of ferrosilicon (Fe25%, Si75%), a temperature rise test of water was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1, and the results shown in Table 3 were obtained. Example 6 had an unburned portion of about 0.5 g, but combustion proceeded smoothly. The expansions of the heating elements after combustion were all 1 mm or less. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 Tests were conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the amount of ferrosilicon was changed, and the results shown in Table 4 were obtained. The expansion of the heating element after combustion was 1 mm or less in each case. In Comparative Example 6, about 4.5 g of the unburned heating element remained.
以上の説明のとおり、本発明は燃焼時に発熱体から酸
素が遊離することを防止し、発熱体の膨張、炎、火花の
発生などのない発熱体を提供するもので、食品の加温、
又は加熱調理に安全で簡便に使用できる携帯用の熱源を
提供するものである。As described above, the present invention prevents the release of oxygen from the heating element during combustion, and provides a heating element free from expansion of the heating element, flame, generation of sparks, and heating of food,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable heat source that can be used safely and easily for cooking.
第１図は本発明に関する実施例及び比較例に使用した加
熱装置を示す縦断面図である。 （１）アルミ製容器、（２）発熱体 （３）断熱材、（４）着火剤 （５）水FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a heating device used in Examples and Comparative Examples according to the present invention. (1) Aluminum container, (2) Heating element (3) Insulation material, (4) Ignition agent (5) Water
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平２−176362（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−174287（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−288218（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) F24J 1/02────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-176362 (JP, A) JP-A-62-174287 (JP, A) JP-A-1-288218 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) F24J 1/02
Claims (3)
た発熱体において、金属粉末がフェロシリコンであり、
金属酸化物が酸化第２鉄（Fe2O3）粉末とこれより低次
の酸化鉄（Fe2O3-X 但しＸ＝0.2〜1.0）粉末の混合物
であることを特徴とする発熱体。1. A heating element compression-molded from a metal powder and a metal oxide powder, wherein the metal powder is ferrosilicon,
A heating element, wherein the metal oxide is a mixture of ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) powder and lower-order iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3-X, where X = 0.2 to 1.0) powder.
第２鉄粉末が10〜50重量部、及び低次酸化鉄粉末が20〜
60重量部である請求項１記載の発熱体。2. Ferrosilicon powder is 20 to 35 parts by weight, ferric oxide powder is 10 to 50 parts by weight, and low iron oxide powder is 20 to 35 parts by weight.
The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the amount is 60 parts by weight.
3の四三酸化鉄（Fe3O4）である請求項１又は２記載の発
熱体。3. The low iron oxide has an X value of about 0.3 in Fe 2 O 3-X .
The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is 3 triiron tetroxide (Fe 3 O 4 ).
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30457290A JP2862364B2 (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1990-11-10 | Heating element |
| US07/789,589 US5230715A (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1991-11-08 | Pyrogen and canister incorporating pyrogen |
| DE69104956T DE69104956T2 (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1991-11-08 | An exothermic composition and can containing this composition. |
| EP91119079A EP0485905B1 (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1991-11-08 | Composition producing an exothermic reaction and canister incorporating this composition |
| US07/890,559 US5220908A (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1992-05-28 | Pyrogen and canister incorporating pyrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30457290A JP2862364B2 (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1990-11-10 | Heating element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04177056A JPH04177056A (en) | 1992-06-24 |
| JP2862364B2 true JP2862364B2 (en) | 1999-03-03 |
Family
ID=17934609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30457290A Expired - Fee Related JP2862364B2 (en) | 1990-11-10 | 1990-11-10 | Heating element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2862364B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016171073A1 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | Ｄｏｗａエレクトロニクス株式会社 | Molded heating element |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2656906B2 (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1997-09-24 | 株式会社湘南合成樹脂製作所 | Pipe part repair method |
| WO2014188559A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Reactive powder, bonding material using reactive powder, bonded body bonded with bonding material and method for producing bonded body |
-
1990
- 1990-11-10 JP JP30457290A patent/JP2862364B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016171073A1 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | Ｄｏｗａエレクトロニクス株式会社 | Molded heating element |
| JP2016205711A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-12-08 | Ｄｏｗａエレクトロニクス株式会社 | Molded heating element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04177056A (en) | 1992-06-24 |
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