CN100364938C - Chlorate oxygen column as ignitor and production thereof - Google Patents
Chlorate oxygen column as ignitor and production thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to chlorate oxygen column ignition medicine and preparation technology thereof. The ignition medicine comprises following components and contents: 30% to 50% sodium chlorate with the granularity of 60 meshes to 300 meshes, 10% to 30% potassium hyperchlorate or sodium perchlorate with the granularity of 60 meshes to 300 meshes, 0.1% to 6% barium peroxide with the granularity of 80 meshes to 200 meshes, 5% to 9% the iron oxide or cuprous oxide, etc. of metallic oxide with the granularity of 20 meshes to 200 meshes, 15% to 25% metal powder with the granularity of 100 meshes to 300 meshes, and 5% to 15% cobalt salt with the granularity of 40 meshes to 200 meshes. The present invention is suitable for the formula of the ignition medicine of the ignition modes of a mechanical percussion cap, etc., has a wide applicable temperature range, and can successfully ignite an oxygen column under the condition of under zero 55 DEG C to 80 DEG C. By multiple ignition experiment, the present invention can be reliably ignited by an electric igniting head, a mechanical type impact percussion cap, and a heating resistance wire to smoothly and reliably ignite a main body of the oxygen column, which guarantees the success rate of the start of a generator, and largely shortens gas outlet time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chlorate oxygen column as ignitor and preparation technology thereof.
Technical background
The solid state chemistry oxygen generator is that a kind of solid state chemistry is produced the oxygen device, mainly is made up of oxygen generating agent-oxygen post, thermal insulation system, filtration conversion system and housing.Make oxygen post generation chemical reaction emit oxygen, will light by the initiation of ignition system, this just relates to the formula development of ignition powder.Because oxygen gas propellant oxygen post, be based on oxymuriate, be equipped with the inoganic solids powder column that various additives and catalyzer are formed, adopt compression molding, density is bigger, and smooth surface is hard, flammable poor, be difficult to direct ignition, in the problem that often occurs under the cryogenic situation that ignition powder can't be ignited or ignition powder can not continue to light main oxygen post after lighting, poor performance at low temperatures, therefore provide a combustion speed fast, do not trickle, and by mechanical igniter cap, electric igniter, the resistance wire heating can be ignited rapidly, and the ignition powder that the low temperature ignition characteristic is good is the direction of chlorate oxygen column as ignitor prescription and technology development.
Propose the technology of heating element in the prescription that Chinese patent CN1035248A provides, play same effect with ignition powder among the present invention, particular content is seen as table 1.
The heating element prescription that table 1CN1035248A provides
| Nomenclature of drug | Content (weight %) |
| NaClO 3 | 70～90 |
| Mg | 1～10 |
| B 2O 3 | 0～6 |
| Co 2O 3 | 0～7 |
| Li 2O 2 | 1～7 |
| Kaolin | 1～10 |
The heating element shortage of heat of above-mentioned patent is carried out the coffin upon burial and is provided heat difficulty relatively, simultaneously oxygen discharging speed slow, low temperature-40 ℃ ignition characteristic appearance point not, the frequent appearance of normal temperature can not be lighted the situation that maybe can not continue to light main oxygen post.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can be heated reliable ignition by igniter head, mechanical igniter cap and resistance wire, and the combustion speed soon, do not trickle, easily light, it is rapid to put oxygen, the low temperature ignition characteristic is good, thermostability and chemical stability are good, be applicable to chlorate oxygen column as ignitor, the manufacturing process of this kind ignition powder is provided simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention is: chlorate oxygen column as ignitor, its characteristics are to comprise following content and component (mass percent):
The sodium chlorate that contains oxygen enrichment, content are 30%～50%, and optimum content is 38%～45%, and granularity 60 orders～300 orders, optimum size are 80 orders～120 orders;
Oxygenant is that Potcrate, sodium perchlorate are used alone or as a mixture, and content is 10%～30%, and optimum content is 15%～25%, and granularity 60 orders～300 orders, optimum size are 80 orders～120 orders;
Barium peroxide content is 0.1%～6%, and optimum content is 0.5%～2%, and granularity is 80 orders～200 orders, and optimum size is 100～120 orders;
Metal oxide is that ferric oxide or Red copper oxide are used alone or as a mixture, and its content is 5%～9%, and optimum content is 6%～8%, and granularity is at 60 orders～200 orders, optimum size 60 orders～80 orders;
Metal powder iron powder, magnesium powder or titanium valve and alloy powder thereof are used alone or as a mixture, and its content is 15%～25%, and granularity is at 100 orders～300 orders, and wherein the optimum size of iron powder is 80 orders～100 orders, and the optimum size of titanium valve is 200 orders～250 orders.
Cobalt salt is cobaltous hydroxide, cobalt oxide, cobalt chloride is independent or mixed the use, and wherein with cobalt chloride the best, its content is 5%～15%, and optimum content is 8%～11%, and granularity is at 40 orders～200 orders, and optimum size is 60 orders～120 orders.
In addition, can also add mass percent and be 6%～15% distilled water or sodium silicate aqueous solution in above-mentioned prescription as process auxiliaries, wherein the mass percent of sodium silicate aqueous solution mesosilicic acid sodium and water is 1: 2.
The present invention provides the preparation technology of above-mentioned chlorate oxygen column as ignitor simultaneously, comprises the following steps:
(1) joins in the mixing tank after the weighing in proportion through the material that is crushed to above-mentioned granularity, add-on is mixed volumetrical 1/10～3/5, use rod or ball to mix then, in the blended process, sieve as required, the mixing of promotion fine powder material and mobile reaches the purpose that mixes in such hybrid motion, and mixing time is 5min～60min; The rod and the ball of mixed medium are porcelain or glass material;
(2) add 6%～15% distilled water or sodium silicate aqueous solution again at the material that mixes, the mass percent of sodium silicate aqueous solution mesosilicic acid sodium and water is 1: 2, and it is mixed again;
(3) ignition powder that mixes is for the second time spread upon the head surface of chlorate oxygen column, the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly spilt 0.02g/cm in ignition powder centre of surface position
2～0.08g/cm
2Metal powder improves the igniting reliability.The surface metal powder is very few, and metal powder burning liberated heat deficiency can not make the ignition powder burning, misses one's aim; The surface metal powder is too much, and metal powder and ignition powder surface adhesion are bad, and metal powder comes off easily; The another kind of situation that the surface metal powder is too much, be that metal powder and ignition powder surface adhesion are good, but because the metal bisque is blocked up, the superiors' metal powder burning back liberated heat have loss in transmittance process, and the underlying metal powder does not also have enough time to burn, and can cause igniting unsuccessful yet;
(4) ignition powder that will smear metal powder is put into 60 ℃～120 ℃ baking oven and is dried 6h～14h, and slowly cooling then can be used after reducing to room temperature.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) the used oxygen enrichment agent of chlorate oxygen column as ignitor of the present invention is a sodium chlorate, and sodium chlorate is owing to the oxygen level height, and manufacturing process is mature and stable, wide material sources, low price, the mechanical sensitivity of safety;
(2) the used oxygenant of the present invention is potassium perchlorate or sodium perchlorate, be used metal oxide, the decomposition temperature of sodium chlorate is reduced greatly, oxygen is also emitted in potassium perchlorate or sodium perchlorate decomposition simultaneously, so not only improve combustionvelocity, and emitted a large amount of oxygen.Though can improve prescription combustion speed though directly increase the content of potassium perchlorate or sodium perchlorate, but it is too high that consumption improves back prescription combustion temperature, the phenomenon that trickling occurs, make that thermal insulation material is impaired on every side, do not reach best insulation effect, potassium perchlorate or sodium perchlorate decompose the poisonous and corrodibility smog that generates chlorine and oxychloride simultaneously, make troubles for the purification of oxygen.
(3) adopted above-mentioned material after, for the ignition characteristic that increases ignition powder with further improve combustion speed, added metal powder in the prescription, comprise titanium valve and iron powder.Because the oxidized heat release of metal powder makes sodium chlorate and potassium perchlorate or sodium perchlorate that continuous thermal source be arranged, reaction is gone on rapidly, reaction is emitted heat energy and is continued to light main oxygen post, has improved the low temperature ignition characteristic.
(4) barium peroxide used in the present invention mainly is that the chlorine of emitting is emitted oxygen simultaneously when absorbing sodium chlorate and potassium perchlorate or sodium perchlorate generation side reaction.Chlorine is effective though barium peroxide removes, and consumption can not be too high, and it can make the ignition powder igniting blunt.
(5) brill salt cobalt chloride used in the present invention is the decomposition catalyst as sodium chlorate, plays the effect of the decomposition temperature that reduces sodium chlorate.
(6) chlorate oxygen column as ignitor can add 6%～15% distilled water or sodium silicate aqueous solution, increases the autohension of medicinal powder, also helps smearing moulding.
In a word, provide the prescription and the manufacturing process that are used for the ignition powder that chlorate oxygen column ignites, the ignition powder that produces igniting and can not dispersed under the flame impingement after the igniter cap percussion rapidly; Ignition powder can be by ignition combustion under igniter cap percussion liberated heat; Ignition powder can not liquefy when self burns and flow; Ignition powder can produce enough heats oxygen post that ignites when self burns, and the low temperature ignition characteristic is good.
Embodiment
By following example is for better explanation prescription of the present invention and implementation of processes effect, but the present invention is not limited only to this several embodiment, should comprise the four corner in the claim.
Embodiment 1
30% granularity is 120 purpose sodium chlorate, 25% granularity is 100 purpose potassium perchlorates, and 2% granularity is 100 purpose barium peroxide, and 5% granularity is 100 purpose ferric oxide, 18% granularity is 100 purpose iron powders, 5% granularity is 200 purpose titanium valves, and 9% granularity is 100 purpose cobalt chloride, adds in the mortar successively, use head to mix as the spheric grinding rod, cross 40 mesh sieves one time every 5 minutes, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity; The distilled water of adding 6%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.2g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder, place oven dry in 14 hours in 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens; Get three on the oxygen post that scribbles ignition powder, be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 2
35% granularity is 120 purpose sodium chlorate, 23.9% granularity is that 80 purpose perchloric acid are received, and 0.1% granularity is 80 purpose barium peroxide, and 5% granularity is 80 purpose iron protoxides, 13% granularity is 80 purpose iron powders, 4% granularity is 250 purpose titanium valves, and 9% granularity is 100 purpose cobaltous hydroxides, adds in the mortar successively, use head to mix as the spheric grinding rod, cross 40 mesh sieves one time every 5 minutes, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity; The distilled water of adding 10%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.2g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder, place oven dry in 14 hours in 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens; Get three on the oxygen post that scribbles ignition powder, be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 3
34% granularity is 120 purpose sodium chlorate, 15% granularity is that 100 purpose potassium perchlorates and 15% granularity are that 100 purpose perchloric acid are received, 1% granularity is 100 purpose barium peroxide, 3% granularity is that 100 purpose ferric oxide and 2% granularity are 100 purpose iron protoxides, 15% granularity is 100 purpose iron powders, and 9% granularity is 100 purpose cobalt oxides.Add successively in the mortar, use head to mix, crossed 40 mesh sieves one time, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity every 5 minutes as the spheric grinding rod; The sodium silicate aqueous solution of adding 6%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.3g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder.In 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens, place oven dry in 14 hours.Be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 4
37% granularity is 120 purpose sodium chlorate, and 10% granularity is 120 purpose potassium perchlorates, and 4% granularity is 120 purpose barium peroxide, 5% granularity is 120 purpose ferric oxide, 15% granularity is 120 purpose magnesium powder, and 5.0% granularity is 300 purpose titanium valves, and 9.0% granularity is 120 purpose cobalt chloride.Add successively in the mortar, use head to mix, crossed 40 mesh sieves one time, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity every 5 minutes as the spheric grinding rod; The sodium silicate aqueous solution of adding 15%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.25g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder.In 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens, place oven dry in 12 hours; Be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 5
40% granularity is 120 purpose sodium chlorate, 25% granularity is 100 purpose potassium perchlorates, and 6% granularity is 100 purpose barium peroxide, and 5% granularity is 100 purpose ferric oxide, 15% granularity is 100 purpose iron powders, 4% granularity is 200 orders～300 purpose titanium valves, and 5% granularity is 100 purpose cobalt chloride, adds in the mortar successively, use head to mix as the spheric grinding rod, cross 40 mesh sieves one time every 5 minutes, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity; The distilled water of adding 10%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.2g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder, place oven dry in 12 hours in 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens; Be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 6
50% granularity is 200 purpose sodium chlorate, 15% granularity is 200 purpose sodium perchlorates, and 0.2% granularity is 300 purpose barium peroxide, and 5% granularity is 100 purpose ferric oxide, 15% granularity is 200 purpose iron powders, 3.8% granularity is 300 purpose titanium valves, and 5% granularity is 200 purpose cobalt chloride, adds in the mortar successively, use head to mix as the spheric grinding rod, cross 40 mesh sieves one time every 5 minutes, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity; The distilled water of adding 6%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.2g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder, place oven dry in 14 hours in 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens; Be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 7
37% granularity is 300 purpose sodium chlorate, 25% granularity is 300 purpose potassium perchlorates, and 4% granularity is 300 purpose barium peroxide, and 5% granularity is 100 purpose ferric oxide, 15% granularity is 300 purpose iron powders, and 3% granularity is that 200 purpose cobalt oxides and 3% granularity are 100 order cobalt chloride.Add successively in the mortar, use head to mix, crossed 40 mesh sieves one time, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity every 5 minutes as the spheric grinding rod; The sodium silicate aqueous solution of adding 8%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared 0.25g magnesium powder in the middle of ignition powder.In 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens, place oven dry in 12 hours; Be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
Embodiment 8
45% granularity is 60 purpose sodium chlorate, 15% granularity is 60 purpose potassium perchlorates, and 2% granularity is 80 purpose barium peroxide, and 5% granularity is 60 purpose ferric oxide, 15% granularity is 100 purpose iron powders, 4% granularity is 100 purpose magnesium powder, and 5% granularity is 40 purpose cobalt chloride, adds in the mortar successively, use head to mix as the spheric grinding rod, cross 40 mesh sieves one time every 5 minutes, after 20 minutes, obtain the medicinal powder of uniformity; The distilled water of adding 10%, mixing stirs evenly, and evenly spreads upon oxygen post head surface then, and the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly smeared the 0.2g titanium valve in the middle of ignition powder, place oven dry in 12 hours in 80 ℃ ± 3 ℃ baking ovens; Be installed in the oxygen generator of igniter cap device respectively-55 ℃ ,+23 ℃ ,+80 ℃ of insulations light a fire after 4 hours, the time of giving vent to anger did not have the fusing flow phenomenon, oxygen post continuous burning less than 5 seconds.
In a word, the present invention reduces the decomposition temperature of oxymuriate, and combustion speed is simultaneously accelerated, and thermal discharge is big, and the chlorate oxygen column that can ignite rapidly is suitable for the ignition powder prescription of sparking mode such as mechanical igniter cap; Broad application temperature range can successfully be lighted the oxygen post at-55 ℃～100 ℃, through igniting experiments repeatedly, can be by electric igniter and mechanical type percussion cap reliable ignition, and light oxygen post main body smoothly reliably, guaranteed the success ratio that producer starts, greatly shortened the time of giving vent to anger.
Claims (10)
1. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor is characterized in that the mass percent component is as follows:
Sodium chlorate 30%～50%, granularity 60 orders～300 orders;
Oxygenant 10%～30%, granularity 60 orders～300 orders;
Barium peroxide 0.1～6%, granularity 80 orders～200 orders;
Metal oxide 5%～9%, granularity 60 orders～200 orders;
Metal powder 15%～25%, granularity 100 orders～300 orders;
Cobalt salt 5%～15%, granularity 40 orders～200 orders.
2. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise that also mass percent is 6%～15% distilled water or sodium silicate aqueous solution, wherein the mass percent of sodium silicate aqueous solution mesosilicic acid sodium and water is 1: 2.
3. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sodium chlorate is 38%～45%, and granularity is 80 orders～120 orders.
4. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described oxygenant is a kind of or combination in potassium perchlorate or the sodium perchlorate, and its content is 15%～25%, and granularity is 80 orders～120 orders.
5. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metal oxide is a ferric oxide, or a kind of or combination in the Red copper oxide, and content is 5%～9%, and granularity is 60 orders～80 orders.
6. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal powder is a kind of or combination in iron powder or magnesium powder or titanium valve and the alloy powder thereof, content is 18%～22%, wherein the granularity of iron powder is 80 orders～120 orders, and the granularity of titanium valve is 200 orders～350 orders.
7. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cobalt salt is a kind of or combination in cobaltous hydroxide or cobalt oxide or the cobalt chloride, and content is 8%～11%, and granularity is 60 orders～120 orders.
8. chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described barium peroxide content 0.5%～2%, granularity are 100～120 orders;
9. the preparation technology of the described chlorate oxygen column as ignitor of claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) joins in the mixing tank after the weighing in proportion through the material that is crushed to above-mentioned granularity, add-on is mixed volumetrical 1/10～3/5, use rod or ball to mix then, in the blended process, sieve as required, the mixing of promotion fine powder material and mobile reaches the purpose that mixes in such hybrid motion, each ignition powder co-blended 5min～60min;
(2) add 6%～15% distilled water or sodium silicate aqueous solution again at the material that mixes, the mass percent of sodium silicate aqueous solution mesosilicic acid sodium and water is 1: 2, and it is mixed again;
(3) ignition powder that mixes is for the second time spread upon the head surface of chlorate oxygen column, the limit is floating, and the limit compacting after smearing, is evenly spilt 0.02g/cm again in ignition powder centre of surface position
2～0.08g/cm
2Metal powder;
(4) ignition powder that will smear metal powder is put into 60 ℃～120 ℃ baking oven and is dried 6h～14h, can use after reducing to room temperature then.
10. the preparation method of chlorate oxygen column as ignitor according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the rod of described mixed medium and ball are porcelain or glass material.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103204755B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-05-13 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Ignition drug for lifesaving solid oxygen and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272788A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-27 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Life-saving chlorate solid oxygen ignition agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104944422B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-12-26 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of ignition charge and preparation method |
| CN104944423B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2018-03-02 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of high-energy igniter charge and preparation method |
| CN114031474B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-09-02 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Oxygen candle ignition powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN115093300B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-05-12 | 中北大学 | High-energy heat generating agent for solid oxygen candle |
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| US649702A (en) * | 1899-11-10 | 1900-05-15 | Randolph J Moulton | Grain-distributer. |
| CN1048698A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-01-23 | 布鲁里佐尔公司 | Emulsifying agent and contain the explosive emulsion of such emulsifying agent |
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Assignee: Xiangfan Aerospace forty-two Industrial Company Assignor: No.42 Institute of China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Contract record no.: 2010420000121 Denomination of invention: Chlorate oxygen column as ignitor and production thereof Granted publication date: 20080130 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20060816 Record date: 20100812 |