JP2855795B2 - Driving method and driving device for super-finish vibration device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a method and a device for driving a super-finishing vibrator, and more particularly, to controlling the rotational speed of a motor serving as a driving source for a reciprocating motion of a super-finishing wheel.

[Conventional technology]

As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2, the driving device of the conventional superfinishing vibration device converts a constant-speed rotation motion of the motor side M into a reciprocating vibration motion of the superfinishing side S via the crank mechanism L. And super finishing of the surface of the workpiece.

In FIG. 2, A → B → C → D → A indicates the rotation direction of the motor as the driving source. As a result, the reciprocating vibration of the superfinishing wheel is A ′ → B ′ → C ′ → D ′ → A ′. As shown in (1) of FIG. 3, the position of the vibration in the X direction is X = a · sinωt (ω is the angular velocity), and
The speed is X ′ = a · ω · cosωt. In addition, the third
As shown in FIG. 2, the acceleration is X ″ = − a · ω ² ·
sinωt, and the maximum acceleration occurs at the phases B ′ and D ′ where the direction of the vibration is reversed.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Force F = m generated by reciprocating vibration motion of superfinishing wheel
Since α is proportional to the acceleration, the force caused by the maximum acceleration has caused breakage of the drive transmission device and damage, wear, and shortened life of various parts such as the pressing portion of the grindstone. Therefore, there is a problem that the conventional super-finishing vibration device driving device cannot perform high-speed and high-efficiency super-finishing processing.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a driving method and a driving device that enable high-speed and high-efficiency super-finishing vibration without damaging such a device.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve such an object, a driving method according to the present invention is directed to a driving method of a super-finishing vibrator in which a super-finishing wheel is reciprocated on a surface to be processed by a driving motor; The rotational speed of the drive motor in the phase in which the direction is reversed is relatively reduced.

In the present invention, the rotation speed of the drive motor can be relatively increased except for the phase in which the direction in the reciprocating motion of the superfinishing wheel is reversed.

A driving device according to the present invention is, as shown in the claim correspondence diagram of FIG. 1, a super-finishing vibrating device including a super-finishing grindstone that repeatedly reciprocates a surface to be processed, and a motor that drives the grindstone. A rotation phase / speed detection means for detecting a rotation phase and a rotation speed of the motor, and maintaining a state in which the detected rotation speed of the motor in a phase in which the direction of the reciprocation is reversed is relatively reduced. Motor rotation speed control means for controlling the rotation speed of the motor so that the rotation speed of the motor is relatively high except for the phase in which the direction in the reciprocating motion is reversed. The rotation speed of the motor is controlled so as to maintain the increased state.

[Action]

According to the present invention, the rotational speed of the motor is reduced with respect to the normal speed at the phase in which the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed, in which the acceleration is maximum. , The maximum acceleration is smaller than when the motor is rotated at a constant speed.

Make the normal speed higher than before, or in addition, increase the motor rotation speed relatively to a phase other than the phase in which the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed, so that the average rotation speed is the same as the conventional speed. Or more.

At this time, since the acceleration is originally small in a phase other than the phase in which the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed (see FIG. 3 (2)), even if the acceleration increases due to the speed increase, it is smaller than the conventional maximum acceleration. Therefore, there is no damage to the machine.

As described above, according to the present invention, high-speed and high-efficiency superfinishing can be performed without damaging the apparatus.

〔Example〕

Next, the first of the driving devices of the super-finishing vibration device according to the present invention is described.
Will be described with reference to FIG.

The drive device of this embodiment includes a drive unit 1 and a control unit 2 that controls the drive unit, and drives the superfinishing unit 3 by the drive unit 1.

The driving unit 1 includes a rotating shaft 4 of a motor serving as a driving source,
A rotation phase / rotation speed detector 5 which is coaxially coupled to the rotation shaft and detects the rotation phase and rotation speed of the rotation shaft, and an end surface of the rotation shaft 4 and an end surface of a central shaft support outer cylinder 12 described later, respectively. And a fixed crankshaft 20. The control unit 2 is connected to the detector 5 and includes a rotation speed control device 6 for controlling the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, and a driving power source 7 for the rotating shaft.

Further, the superfinishing section 3 is formed in a U-shape with a head 10 composed of a grinding stone processing section 8 and a superfinishing grindstone 9,
A central axis 11 for supporting the head, and
And a center shaft supporting outer cylinder 12 to be fixed.
In the drawing, reference numeral 13 denotes an outer ring of a rolling bearing as a workpiece, and reference numeral 14 denotes a raceway groove on which a rolling element rolls.

5 (1) is a partial plan sectional view showing the positional relationship between the workpiece 13 and the head 10, (2) is a front sectional view thereof, and (3) is a side view thereof. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the positional relationship between the two.

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the central shaft 11 is formed in a U-shape in order to avoid interference with the workpiece, and its end is vertically extended toward the head 10; head
Combined with 10. When the head 10 is attached, the superfinishing grindstone 9 is pressed against the surface to be processed by the grindstone pressing unit 8.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the end face on the back side of the rotary shaft 4 and the center shaft supporting outer cylinder 12 in the drawing, where 60 is the end face of the rotary shaft and 61 is the end face of the center shaft supporting outer cylinder. is there. This sixth
As shown in the drawing, the crankshaft 20 is provided at the lowermost end of the end surface of the center shaft outer cylinder and at the uppermost end of the rotating shaft. still,
In the figure, O is the center of rotation of the central shaft outer cylinder 12, and O 'is
This is the center of rotation of the rotating shaft 4.

 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When the rotating shaft continuously rotates as shown in FIG. 6, such as A → B → C → D → A, the rotating motion is transmitted to the outer cylinder 12 via a crankshaft. Make a partial rotation of A ′ → B ′ → C ′ → D ′ → A ′.
The partial rotational movement of the outer cylinder is transmitted to the swinging head 10 via the central shaft 11, and the head takes a reciprocating movement about O, and the work is performed while the grindstone 9 is pressed by the grindstone pressing unit 8. Super finish things. In this embodiment, when the workpiece is the outer ring of the rolling bearing, and the superfinishing grindstone of the head portion is reciprocated while rotating the outer ring, the raceway groove of the rolling element is continuously formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring. be able to.

FIG. 7 (1) shows the displacement in the X-axis direction of the swing center of the head, and FIG. 7 (2) shows the acceleration.

In FIG. 7, with respect to the conventional acceleration curve shown by the dotted line,
As shown by the solid line, in the vicinity of the phase of the turning points B 'and D' where the direction of the reciprocating motion at which the acceleration reaches the maximum value is reduced, the rotational speed is reduced, the maximum acceleration is reduced, and in other phases, Conversely, the rotation speed is increased. That is,
As shown in FIG. 6, the rotating shaft is rotated relatively quickly at points A and C and relatively slowly rotated at points B and D.

Next, the operation of the rotation speed control device will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. 8 and the flowchart of FIG.

In the step, the rotation phase / rotation speed detection device 5
Reads the rotation phase of the rotating shaft 4 and the speed at that phase at predetermined time intervals, and sequentially outputs them to the rotation speed control device.

The predetermined storage area of the rotation speed control device stores the seventh
A speed pattern is set in advance so as to have an acceleration indicated by a solid line in FIG. As a result, the rotation speed control device generates the preset reference speed signal.

In the next step, the rotation speed control device
The difference value (ΔH = V _ST ) between the speed (rpm) V at each phase detected by the rotation phase and rotation speed detection device and the reference speed (rpm) V _ST at the same phase of the set pattern. -V)
Is calculated.

In the step, K (= V _C / Δ
H) to obtain V _C (= reference drive command value (voltage value)).

On the other hand, in the step, using the conversion formula of the difference value ΔH and the additional drive command value (voltage value) added to the reference drive command value, the additional drive command value at which the difference value ΔH becomes zero is calculated. Calculate.

Then, in the step, the calculated additional drive command value is added to the reference drive command value to obtain a compensated drive command value, which is output to the drive power source 7 to rotate the rotary shaft 4. By monitoring the phase with the rotation phase / rotation speed detection device, it is necessary to match the phase when adding the reference drive command value and the additional drive command value.

As a result of this processing, the swing center of the vibrating head becomes an acceleration curve as shown by a solid line in FIG. 7 (2) and a displacement curve as shown in (1). Note that the reference / additional drive command is a voltage value, but may be a current value.

In the acceleration curve of FIG. 7 (2), the acceleration decreases as shown in the vicinity of the turning points B 'and D' where the direction of the reciprocating motion reverses, and increases in other phases. In other words, two times of acceleration and two times of deceleration are continuously performed while adjusting the phase during one rotation of the rotating shaft. As a result, the average rotational speed can be increased while the maximum acceleration is reduced, so that the inertia force can be reduced, and high-speed, high-efficiency superfinishing can be performed. Therefore, for example, vibration applied to the head portion can be reduced, so that the life of the device can be improved.

By the way, as the acceleration pattern set in the rotation speed control device, for example, a non-stop deformed trapezoidal curve in the category of the cam curve can be selected as shown by the solid line in FIG. 7 (2). This non-stop deformed trapezoidal curve can suppress the maximum value of the acceleration and also reduce the jump, which is a differential value of the acceleration, particularly the maximum jump. The maximum jump causes vibration, wear, etc., and in particular, damages the high-speed rotating device. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the damage to the device by reducing the maximum jump as well as the maximum acceleration. Become.

 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment, a crank mechanism is used as a drive conversion transmission mechanism from the rotation shaft of the drive motor to the head. In the second embodiment, a cam mechanism is used. The details are described below.

FIG. 9 shows a configuration of a super-finishing vibrator provided with a driving device according to the present embodiment, in which a grindstone head-side vibrating body 80 equipped with a super-finishing grindstone 9 is attached to a round bar guide 81 by an air bearing 82.
The grindstone head-side vibrator 80 is pressed against the eccentric cam 83 by a pressing spring 84 while the grindstone head-side vibrator 80 is brought into contact with the eccentric cam 83.

Further, the counterbalance-side vibrator 85 is supported by the round bar guide 81 so as to be able to reciprocate via an air bearing. The counterbalance-side vibrator 85 has an eccentric cam 86 having a phase opposite to that of the eccentric cam 83.
And the pressing spring 87 presses the counterbalance-side vibrating body 85 against the eccentric cam 86. And
By rotating the eccentric cam 86 and the eccentric cam 83 in opposite phases, the counterbalance-side vibrator 85 is vibrated to balance the vibration of the grinding head head-side vibrator, and an angle generated by the vibration of the grinding head head-side vibrator 80 is generated. Attenuates balance vibration.

In such a super-finishing vibrator, by rotating the eccentric cam 83, the grindstone head side vibrating body 80 is vibrated to give the super-finishing grindstone 9 a reciprocating motion that reciprocates repetitively on a partial straight line. Super finish roller outer diameter.

In this embodiment, when the cam rotates at a constant speed, the displacement in the X direction of the center A of the super-finishing wheel to which the super-finishing wheel is coupled becomes as shown by the dotted line in FIG. By controlling the rotation speed of the cam to take an acceleration curve as shown by the solid line in FIG.
The same effect as that of the embodiment can be achieved.

In each of the above embodiments, the motion curve is not limited to the non-stop deformation trapezoidal curve, but may be any as long as the rotation speed of the motor is reduced when the direction of the reciprocation is reversed. It is determined by variously considering the allowable vibration value limit such as the structure, mass, frequency of reciprocating motion, etc. of the vibration device, the quality of the superfinished surface, the efficiency of the superfinishing, and the like.

Further, the workpiece is not limited to the outer diameter of the outer ring of the rolling bearing and the outer diameter of the conical roller as in the above-described embodiment, and the present invention provides an inner ring groove finish of a ball bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, a conical bearing, a roller,
It can be applied to all super finishing and honing processes such as needles, other cylindrical outer / inner workpieces, and spherical roller bearings.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotational speed of the motor is reduced from the normal speed at the phase where the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed, at which the acceleration is maximum. As compared to the case where the motor is rotated at a constant speed while constantly being maintained, the maximum acceleration can be reduced. As a result, high-speed and high-efficiency super finishing can be performed without damaging the apparatus.

Since the average rotation speed can be made higher than before by relatively increasing the rotation speed of the motor in a phase other than the phase in which the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed, further high-speed and high-efficiency super finishing is possible. Become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to claims of a driving device according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic diagram for explaining a conventional super-finishing vibrator, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the movement curve of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between a head provided with a superfinishing wheel, a workpiece, and an installation position. (1) is a plan partial sectional view, (2) is a front sectional view, (3) is a side view, FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining the crank mechanism of the embodiment of FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is the motion curve of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the control device, FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the speed control device, and FIG. 10 is the superfinishing vibration according to the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the device, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part thereof. In the figure, 4 is a rotating shaft (motor), 5 is a rotating phase / speed detector, 6 is a rotating speed control device, and 9 is a super-finishing stone.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for driving a super-finishing vibrator in which a super-finishing wheel is reciprocated on a surface to be processed by a driving motor, wherein the rotation of the driving motor in a phase in which the direction in the reciprocating motion of the super-finishing wheel is reversed. A method for driving a super-finishing vibrator, wherein the speed is relatively reduced. 2. The method of driving a super-finishing vibration device according to claim 1, wherein the rotational speed of the drive motor is relatively increased except for a phase in which the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed. 3. A driving device for a super-finishing vibrating device, comprising: a super-finishing grindstone reciprocatingly reciprocating on a surface to be processed; and a motor for driving the grindstone. Phase / speed detection means, and motor rotation speed control means for controlling the rotation speed of the motor so that the detected rotation speed of the motor in a phase in which the direction of the reciprocating motion is reversed is maintained relatively low. The motor rotation speed control means controls the rotation speed of the motor so as to maintain a state in which the rotation speed of the motor is relatively increased, except for a phase in which the direction in the reciprocating motion is reversed. A driving device for a super-finishing vibrating device, characterized in that: