JP2855181B2 - Composition and method for preventing pine wilt - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composition for preventing pine wilt caused by pine wilt disease, and to a method for preventing pine wilt using the composition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Pine needle nematode disease, which is a kind of nematode, is a kind of nematode, in which pine needles begin to discolor from summer to early autumn, and after about one month the entire crown turns red and dies. (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) (hereinafter abbreviated as nematode) is considered pathogenic. In addition, this nematode is a kind of longhorn beetle, Monochamus alt.
ernatus) (hereinafter abbreviated as a mantis). From mid-May to the end of July, a long-horned pine that emerged and escaped from a tree damaged by the pine wilt disease of the previous year retained thousands to tens of thousands of nematodes in its body and on its body surface. After eating (feeding for maturity). At this time, the nematode detaches from the body of the mantis, invades into the pine tree from the damaged area after eating the mantis and proliferates.

[0003] The pine infested with nematodes shows appearance withering after 2 to 3 months, and leaves are discolored. Trees whose leaves have begun to discolor are called abnormal trees.
After mating to leave offspring, the abnormal tree lays eggs, and eventually the abnormal tree dies. On the other hand, in healthy trees, spawning beetles cannot be hatched because they are wound on pine resin, and hatched larvae can hardly grow because the hatched larvae die while being wound on the resin while eating under the tree. . But,
The beetle eggs laid on abnormal trees and dead trees that have been weakened by the invasion of nematodes hatch without being wrapped around the resin, and the larvae grow while eating under the tree.

[0004] The larva of a long-grown mantis beetle protects itself from the low temperature of winter by forming a pupa chamber deep in the pine wood for overwintering from late autumn to early winter. In spring, when the temperature rises, the larva of the longicorn beetle that overwinters in the pupa chamber turns into a pupa, and eventually becomes an adult and escapes from the dead tree. At this time, the nematodes that have gathered around the pupa chamber transfer to the evolved mantis and are carried out of the dead tree along with the mantis. The nematode detaches from the body of the mantis while the mantis holding the nematode after eating healthy young shoots of the pine, and invades the pine tree. Eventually, the pine will exhibit withering symptoms and the leaves will begin to discolor. In this way, pine wilt spreads one after another due to pine wilt disease.

The following methods ((1) to (4)) have been adopted to prevent pine wilt disease caused by pine wilt disease.

(1) Eradication of longicorn larvae Prior to the emergence of the longicorn, larvae are mainly exterminated at the larval stage. The habitat of the beetle larva is limited to the dead tree, and the beetle larva can be exterminated by felling, peeling, incineration or chemical treatment of the dead tree.
In the chemical treatment, there are a method of spraying an organophosphorus insecticide and a carbamate insecticide, and a method of fumigation using a carbum-based agent. Further, methods of utilizing insect parasitic microorganisms and predatory natural enemies are also being studied.

[0007] (2) Prevention of post-feeding of adult longicorns By preventing post-feeding of adult longicorns, infection of nematodes can be prevented. In this method, the insecticide is sprayed before the emergence of the mantis, and spraying from the ground or from the air by a helicopter has been carried out.

(3) Method for Preventing Death by Treatment with Single Trees Before a nematode is expected to be infected, a nematocidal agent is injected into a pine tree or applied to the soil to produce nematodes. It is a method of extermination directly. Currently, mesulfenphos, morantel tartrate, and levamisole hydrochloride are used as trunk injection drugs. As soil application chemicals, ethyl thiomethone, methomil, aldecarb, and the like were effective, but none of them has been put to practical use.

(4) Breeding of resistant pine In order to produce resistant pine that does not die even when infected with nematodes, selection breeding, cross breeding, expression of induced resistance by attenuated nematodes, and the like have been studied. Although these methods have been successful, it is likely that it will take some time to be technically established.

[0010]

The above-mentioned techniques for controlling pine wilt disease each have advantages and disadvantages. For felling, peeling, incineration, and chemical treatment for the purpose of exterminating horny larvae, there is a shortage of labor required for thorough treatment. Preventive spraying of insecticides for the purpose of preventing post-feeding of adult pests is an effective control method, but its implementation is subject to various restrictions depending on the surrounding conditions.

The single tree chemical treatment with the trunk injection agent sprays a postprandial preventive agent such as a large tree at a shrine, a temple or a park, a pine in an urban area, or a pine at a general garden, which is important for environmental preservation. This method is effective in difficult places and when there is a possibility of infection even if preventive spraying is used. However, there is still a problem in terms of the occurrence of phytotoxicity, the stability and sustainability of the effects due to the trunk injection, and further studies are required. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to
An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for preventing pine wilt which has a stable effect and overcomes the above problems.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to solve these problems, and as a result, the LL-F28249 compound having the following structural formula has a strong insecticidal activity against pine wood nematodes. I found something.

[0013]

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[0014]

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LL-F2824 used in the present invention
Examples of the ninth compound include the above compounds, and among them, moxidectin is particularly preferable. The composition for preventing pine wilt of the present invention is a composition containing the compound as an active ingredient, and by injecting the compound into the trunk and translocating in the tree, the infected nematode activates in the tree. They can be killed before they start, preventing pine wilt.

LL-F2824 used in the present invention
Ninth compounds were isolated and cultured from soil in South Australia, Streptomyces cyaneogriseus sp. Noncyanog
enus is a metabolite produced by LL-F28249
Milbemycin-based compounds having acaricidal activity produced by a different microorganism from the above-mentioned bacteria. LL
-F28249 compounds are known to be effective in treating and preventing parasitosis in animals including humans, but moxidectin, a derivative of nemadectin (LL-F28249α), is particularly used as an agent for preventing canine filariasis Have been. However, there is no finding that LL-F28249-based compounds are used for controlling pine wilt disease to prevent pine wilt. On the other hand, since all LL-F28249 compounds have very low solubility in water, even if they are dissolved in an organic solvent and injected into a pine tree, the dispersibility in the tree is poor, and there is a problem with the nematode control effect. was there.

The composition of the present invention improves the solubility of the LL-F28249-based compound in water and facilitates the injection of the compound into the pine tree, improves the dispersion of the compound in the tree, and stabilizes the compound. It has a great control effect. The composition of the present invention contains an LL-F28249-based compound as an active ingredient, and is composed of at least one or a combination of water and / or a solvent and a surfactant.

The solvent used in the composition of the present invention may be any solvent that is easily miscible with water. For example, methanol,
Lower alcohols such as ethanol, polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and isoprene glycol; polar solvents such as acetone, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether; Glycol ethers,
Glycol esters such as ethylene glycol monoacetate, and dioxane.

The surfactants used in the composition of the present invention include, for example, alkyl sulfates, alkanesulfonic acids, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, alkylphosphate esters, N-acyl sarcosine salts as anionic surfactants. N-acyl alanine salts and succinate salts are alkylamines as cationic surfactants,
Alkyltrimethylammonium salts, dialkyldimethylammonium salts, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts and alkylpyridinium salts are polyoxyethylene castor oils, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oils, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers as nonionic surfactants. Oxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether formaldehyde condensates, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol Fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters and propylene Glycol mono fatty acid esters are further amino acids as amphoteric surface active agent, there is a carboxy betaines and sulfobetaines and the like.

It is essential that a nonionic surfactant is contained as a surfactant. Among the above nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oils, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene Particularly preferred are ethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and sucrose fatty acid esters.

The amount of each component of the composition of the present invention can be appropriately changed, but the amount of the active ingredient (LL-F28249-based compound) is 0.1%.
1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, surfactant 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, water 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 10 to 70% by weight, solvent 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 10 to 70% by weight, respectively. The components of the composition of the present invention can be blended by any method.
For example, when the solubility of the active ingredient in water is improved by dissolving the active ingredient and the surfactant in a solvent and then adding water, the composition of the present invention having excellent dispersibility in a tree can be easily produced. can do.

In application to pine, the application rate of the composition of the present invention can be appropriately changed depending on the purpose, timing, age, damage situation and the like. For application, a method can be employed in which a hole is formed in a pine tree trunk by boring, and the composition of the present invention is injected through the hole.

[0023]

EXAMPLES Next, the contents of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 (Test for anti-pinewood nematode activity) LL-F2824
Among the ninth compounds, moxidectin was tested for anti-nematode activity by the following method. Incidentally, in order to compare the compound of the present invention and the nematode activity, morantel tartrate,
Similar tests were performed for mesurfenphos, levamisole hydrochloride, and control. Table 1 shows the test results.
Shown in

Test Method On the whole surface of a potato dextrose agar medium in a petri dish,
Botrytis cinerea flora was formed and used as a test petri dish. 0.15 ml of a drug solution having a predetermined concentration was added to a cotton ball placed in the center of a test petri dish, and a pine wood nematode suspension (10000 heads / ml) was further added to a cotton ball of 0.15 m.
After adding and incubating at 25 ° C for 5 days, B
The area of the scars of the otrytis cinerea flora was measured.
The drug solution was prepared by dissolving 0.1 g of the drug in 3 g of POE (50) hydrogenated castor oil and 6 g of propylene glycol.
A solution prepared by adding water to 100 ml was diluted with water to a predetermined concentration.

[0026] For Shokukon portion of the area (S) of the Shokukon portion is circular, measures the diameter (D), was calculated by the equation of S = πD ^2/4. The anti-nematode activity was calculated by the following equation. Anti-nematode activity (%) = 100−area ratio of scarred portion to inner area of petri dish (%)

[0027] The control is a solution obtained by removing the drug from the drug solution.

As is clear from the test results in Table 1, the LL-F28249-based compound of the present invention exhibited anti-nematode activity at a lower drug concentration than the conventional trunk injections of morantel tartrate, mesulfenphos and levamisole hydrochloride. Was done.

Example 2 (Test for preventing mortality with pine seedlings) Among the LL-F28249 compounds, a solubilized preparation of moxidectin and a non-solubilized preparation of moxidectin were tested for prevention of mortality with pine seedlings (5th grade) by the following method. did. In addition, similarly to Example 1, the test was also performed on the morantel tartrate, mesulfenphos, levamisole hydrochloride, and the drug non-injection section. Table 2 shows the composition of the injectable preparation, and Table 3 shows the results of the test for preventing mortality with pine seedlings.
Shown in

Test Method After injecting the formulation of Table 2, the formulation of morantel tartrate, the formulation of mesulfenphos and the formulation of levamisole hydrochloride into the pine tree, about 2 weeks later, the highly toxic pine wood nematode (S6-
1) 1 ml of the suspension (10,000 heads / ml) was inoculated, and after about 2 months, the effect of preventing mortality was determined.

[0031] * HCO-40: POE (40) hydrogenated castor oil

[0032] Morantel tartrate formulation: Greenguard Eight (manufactured by Pfizer) Mesulfenphos formulation: Nemanone injectable (manufactured by Nippon Bayer Agrochem) Levamisole hydrochloride formulation: Century injectable (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Industry)

As is clear from the test results in Table 3, the solubilized preparation of the LL-F28249-based compound of the present invention has lower drug activity than the non-solubilized preparation of the compound, the morantel tartrate preparation, the mesulfenphos and the levamisole hydrochloride preparation. The amount of pine seedlings showed the effect of preventing mortality by the amount.

[0034]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The composition of the present invention shows excellent anti-nematode activity at a low dose compared to other trunk injection preparations (for example, morantel tartrate, mesulfenphos and levamisole hydrochloride). It is extremely effective for pine wilt caused by insect diseases. Further, the composition of the present invention is LL-F2824.
Since the solubility of the ninth compound in water is improved, the medicinal effect of the compound spreads throughout the pine tree, and pine wilt disease can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, the method for preventing pine wilt according to the present invention involves injecting an effective amount of an LL-F28249-based compound into the trunk of pine and translocating the pine into the tree, so that extermination of nematodes is easy.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tomoyuki Soejima 2-5-39-209 Shimazaki, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture (72) Inventor Kazuya Takai 978-4 Yuge, Tatsutacho, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Examiner Eriko Suzuki ( 56) References JP-A-62-265288 (JP, A) JP-A-62-272985 (JP, A) JP-A-4-230605 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01N 43/90 101 A01N 63/02 WPI (DIALOG)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. LL-F282 represented by the following structural formula
49 compounds, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oils, polyoxyethylene castor oils, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether formaldehyde condensates, polyoxyethylene poly Oxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, alkyl sulfates, alkane sulfonic acids, alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, alkyl phosphoric acids Esters, N-
Surfactants containing at least one or more selected from the group consisting of acyl sarcosine salts, N-acyl alanine salts and succinates are used as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and isoprene. Glycol, acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, glycol ethers and at least one selected from the group consisting of glycol esters, dissolved in a water-miscible solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of LL- A composition for preventing pine wilt for controlling pine wood nematodes, which has improved solubility of water in F28249-based compounds and dispersibility in trees. Embedded image Embedded image 2. The composition for preventing pine wilt according to claim 1, wherein the LL-F28249 compound is moxidectin. 3. The method for preventing pine wilt according to claim 1, wherein the LL-F28249-based compound is nemadectin. 4. An effective amount of the composition for preventing pine wilt according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is injected into the trunk of the pine, translocated into the tree, and the pine wood nematode (Bursaffe).
A method for preventing pine wilt, comprising exterminating Lenchus xylophilus.