JP2854057B2 - Tunnel drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tunnel excavation method using a shield machine and a device therefor, and in particular, excavates by branching a plurality of small diameter tunnels past a large diameter tunnel. The present invention relates to a tunnel excavation method and an apparatus therefor.

[Prior Art] When excavating a tunnel by using a shield machine, as shown in FIG. 13, when a small-diameter tunnel b is branched from a large-diameter tunnel a to perform excavation, the following operation is performed. That was common.

First, a starting shaft c is provided at the starting point of the tunnel, a large-diameter shield excavator is lowered into the downhole from the starting shaft c, and a large-diameter tunnel a is excavated and formed by the large-diameter shield excavating machine.

Thereafter, a branch shaft d is provided at the branch point, and two small-diameter shield excavators are lowered into the shaft from the branch shaft d.
Two small-diameter tunnels b are connected to the tip of the large-diameter tunnel a from the branch point by these two small-diameter shield excavators to excavate each.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when the small-diameter tunnel b is branched into the large-diameter tunnel a in this manner, one large-diameter shield excavator and two small-diameter shield excavators are used. Three shield excavators are required, which increases costs.

Also, apart from the starting shaft c provided at the starting point of the tunnel, a forking shaft d must be provided at the forking point of the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a site for the forking shaft d on the ground, and the construction site is restricted. Is done. In addition, forming the branch shaft d causes further cost increase.

An object of the present invention created in consideration of the above circumstances is to form a small-diameter tunnel ahead of a large-diameter tunnel by using a shield excavator at a low cost and continuously without providing a branch shaft. It is intended to provide a tunnel excavation method and an apparatus therefor which can be excavated and formed.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an outer cylinder frame formed in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of shield excavators housed in the outer cylinder frame in a detachable manner. A tunnel excavator comprising: a shield frame of each of the shield machines described above, wherein a rear portion of the shield frame is detachable, and when the shield machine is housed by being engaged in an outer cylinder frame, the rear portion is removed; When the excavator is separated from the outer cylinder frame and started, the rear portion is attached.

In addition, a first connection / separation means for connecting / separating these between the outer cylinder frame and each shield machine is provided,
A second connection / separation means for connecting / separating the outer cylinder frame and the existing segment may be provided.

[Operation] According to the above configuration, first, each shield machine is engaged with and housed in the outer cylinder frame, and the shield machines are cooperated to excavate and form a large-diameter tunnel. Thereafter, each shield excavator is separated from the outer cylinder frame and then started, and a plurality of small-diameter tunnels are branched and excavated by the respective shield excavators before the large-diameter tunnel.

Here, when each shield machine is engaged and accommodated in the outer cylinder frame, since the rear part of the shield frame of each shield machine is removed, when constructing a large-diameter tunnel in the outer cylinder frame, The rear part is not in the way. Also, when starting each shield excavator separately from the outer cylinder frame, the rear part is attached to each shield excavator, so each shield excavator functions completely independently, and each shield excavator creates a small diameter tunnel. Can be constructed by connecting to a large diameter tunnel.

In addition, by providing the first connection / separation means, it is possible to reliably perform connection / separation between each shield machine and the outer cylinder frame, and by providing the second continuous separation means, each shield machine can be used. When starting from the outer cylinder frame, it is possible to prevent the outer cylinder frame from being dragged by each shield excavator and moving forward.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outline of this tunnel excavator is as follows: two shield excavators 2 each having a cut-spoke 1 for excavating the ground in front of the tunnel excavator 2 facing the respective cut-spoke 1 in the same excavation direction. In addition, the outer cylindrical frame 3 in the form of glasses is provided so as to be detachable from the inner shield excavator 2 while covering the outer portions of the shield excavator 2. Each of the two shield excavators 2 bundled by the outer cylinder frame 3 has a front body 4a and a rear body 4b.
And these are connected to bend freely,
Half-fold shield machine 2 capable of tunnel curve excavation
It has become.

The outline of the tunnel excavation method will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 based on such a specific device example.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the two shield excavating machines 2 are covered with an outer cylindrical frame 3 in the form of glasses and bundled, and a tunnel 5 in the form of glasses as shown in FIG. 2 is excavated. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the two shield excavators 2 are separated from the outer cylindrical frame 3 and each of the shield excavators 2 is used to separate a small diameter tunnel 6 from the glasses-like tunnel 5 as shown in FIG. Branch and excavate. In this way, two small diameter tunnels 6 can be continuously formed by branching off the glasses-shaped tunnel 5.

Next, details of the tunnel excavator shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5, two shield excavators 2 each having a cut-spoke 1 for excavating the ground at the front are stacked vertically with the cut-spokes 1 facing each other in the same excavation direction. The cutter cutter 1 is provided with a copy cutter 7 for excavation so as to be able to come and go.

In addition, the shield excavator 2 has a trunk 4 which is divided into a front trunk 4a and a rear trunk 4b in the excavation direction and is bendable, so that the shield excavator 2 is a so-called half-fold type shield excavator 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the front trunk 4a and the rear trunk 4b are
It is bent by the center folding jack 8 provided in the inside, and the curve excavation of the tunnel becomes possible. These front trunk 4a and rear trunk 4b
Is provided with a cylindrical bent seal member 9 at the connecting portion to maintain the sealing property of earth and sand and moisture at the connecting portion.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, a shield jack 10 for excavating the shield excavator 2 is provided in the body 4.
Are provided alternately with the above-mentioned half-fold jack 8,
A segment assembling section 12 for assembling the segment 11 along the inner wall of the excavated tunnel is provided.

As shown in FIG. 5, two shield excavators 2 having such a configuration are stacked one on top of the other, and a front body 4a serving as an outer portion thereof is formed.
As shown in FIG. 1, an eyeglass-shaped outer cylinder frame 3 for bundling the two shield excavators 2 covering the rear trunk 4b is detachably provided. The outer cylinder frame 3 integrally covers the front trunk portion 4a and the rear trunk portion 4b, and bundles two shield excavators 2.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, when the two shield excavators 2 are covered and bundled by the outer cylinder frame 3, these shield excavators 2
A part 13 of the rear trunk 4b of the shield machine 2 with which the comrades are in contact has been removed. That is, a part 13 of the rear copper 4b shown in black in FIGS. 5 and 7 is removed. This is the second
This is because it is necessary to assemble the intermediate segment 11a shown in the figure in the copper 4b after forming the shield frame.

In the figure, portions indicated by oblique lines 14 between the outer cylinder frame 3 and the front trunk 4a and between the outer cylinder frame 3 and the rear trunk 4b are seal portions for maintaining the sealing properties therebetween.

FIG. 8 shows the details of the seal portion. As shown in the figure, a rubbery shielding material 15 is interposed between the glasses-like outer cylinder frame 3 and the rear trunk 4b of the shield machine 2;
Grease 16 is sealed as a sealant. Further, a bolt / nut 17 is provided on the sealing member 15 to make the outer cylinder frame 3 and the rear trunk 4b detachable. Such bolts and nuts 17 constitute the first connecting and separating means in the second aspect of the present invention. At the rear end of the outer cylinder frame 3 and at the rear end of the rear trunk 4b, a tail brush 18 made of a wire brush is provided, and earth and sand and water entering from a ground 19 into the tunnel 20 through the rear end. Maintains the sealing properties of In the figure, 11 is a segment stretched on the inner wall of the tunnel,
10 is a shield jack for excavating the shield excavator. Further, the rubber sealing material 15 and the grease 16
Similarly, a seal portion indicated by oblique lines 14 between the outer cylinder frame 3 and the front trunk 4a is interposed.

A tunnel excavation method will be described based on a specific device example having the above configuration.

First, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer cylinder frame 3, the front trunk 4a and the rear trunk 4b are locked by bolts and nuts 17 shown in FIG. In a state where the bundles 2 are bundled, an eyeglass-shaped tunnel 5 is excavated as shown in FIG.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the front body 4a, which is the outer part of the shield machine 2, is covered with the outer cylinder frame 3, so that the outer cylinder frame 3 is cut by the plate thickness 22 by the plate thickness. It is in a state of protruding from 1 toward the side ground.
Therefore, the protruding portion is dug by making the copy cutter 7 provided in the cut spokes 1 protrude.

In addition, since a part 13 of the rear trunk 4b of the shield machine 2 shown in black in FIGS. 5 and 7 is removed, a segment stretched on the inner wall of the tunnel 5 as shown in FIG.
The intermediate segment 11a of the 11 can be safely assembled in the rear trunk 4b that becomes the shield frame.

In this way, an eyeglass-like tunnel 5 as shown in FIG. 2 can be formed by excavation using the two shield excavators 2 bundled by the outer cylinder frame 3.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, when the two shield excavators 2 were separated from the outer cylinder frame 3, the outer cylinder frame 3 shown in FIG. 5 was locked with the front trunk 4a and the rear trunk 4b, respectively. The bolts and nuts 17 are removed, and the rear end of the outer cylinder frame 3 and the segment 11 opposed thereto are connected to the bolts and nuts 21.
To fix. The bolts and nuts 21 constitute the second connection / separation means according to the second aspect of the present invention, whereby when each of the shield excavators 2 starts moving from the outer cylinder frame 3, the outer cylinder frame 3 It is prevented from being dragged by the excavators 2 and 2 to move forward. At the same time, the fifth
In FIG. 7 and FIG. 7, the part 13 of the rear body 4b which has been removed and shown in black is carried into the tunnel and attached by welding.
By this welding, each of the two half-fold shield excavators 2 fully functions independently. Then, the copy cutter 7 of the cut-spoke 1 protruding by the thickness of the outer cylinder frame 3 is completely drawn into the cut-spoke 1 to excavate the ground.

Then, the plate thickness 22 of the front surface of the outer cylinder frame 3 facing the cutting face ground in FIG. 5 provides resistance to the ground, and the rear end of the outer cylinder frame 3 is
The two shield excavators 2 bundled in the glasses-like outer cylinder frame 3 by the excavating force of the shield jack 10 that excavates according to the excavated soil amount of the cut-spoke 1 As shown in FIG.
Will get out of the way. At this time, the outer cylinder frame 3
As shown in FIG. 8, a rubber sealing material 15 is provided between the outer cylinder frame 3 and each of the front body 4a and the rear body 4b. The grease 16 is sealed, so that the grease 16 becomes a lubricant, and the outer cylinder frame 3 is smoothly separated from the front body 4a and the rear body 4b by sliding.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 4, the small-diameter circular tunnel 6 is branched into two parts and continuously excavated and formed at the tip of the glasses-like tunnel 5 without providing a shaft at the branch point 23 of the tunnel 5. Can be. In the figure, the outer cylinder frame 3 that has been slid away is left at the branch point 23. The segment 11 stretched on the inner wall of the small-diameter circular tunnel 6 has a circular shape as in a normal case.

 Next, a modified embodiment is shown in FIGS.

This modified embodiment differs from the previous embodiment only in the portion of the rear trunk 4b of the shield machine 2, and the other configuration is completely the same. As shown in FIG. 9, in this modified embodiment,
Rear body shown in black in FIGS. 5 and 7 as in the previous embodiment.
The part 13 of the rear body 4b is not removed, but the entire peripheral part 24 of the rear body 4b is removed as shown in black in FIG.
4b is extremely short. Therefore, as compared with the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the modified embodiment shown in FIG.
In the figure, the position of the segment 11 can be set outside of the tunnel by the thickness of the seal portion indicated by oblique lines 14 in the figure plus the thickness of 4b. That is, compared to the previous embodiment, this modified embodiment can reduce the tail void 25 and increase the effective tunnel cross-sectional area of the glasses-like tunnel 5.

 FIG. 12 shows details of the rear trunk 4b.

As shown in the figure, since the rear trunk 4b is shortly removed over the entire circumference, the installation position of the segment 11 can be shifted to the outside of the tunnel as compared with the previous embodiment shown in FIG. A spacer 26 is interposed between the shield jack 10 and the segment 11 to cope with this displacement, and the propulsive force of the shield jack 10 is transmitted to the segment 11 via the spacer 26.

In such a modified embodiment, at the branch point 23 of the tunnel shown in FIG. 4, the entire peripheral portion 24 of the rear trunk which has been removed and shown in black in FIG. Of course, it is necessary to weld around the circumference.

In these embodiments, an example is described in which the shield excavator 2 is bundled by the glasses-shaped outer cylinder frame 3 and the shield excavator of the half-fold type is used. Ordinary shield machine may be used, and the half-fold type and the normal type may be mixed. Further, instead of two shield excavators, three or four shield excavators may be bundled up and down, left and right, or in a circle.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be exhibited.

. When a small-diameter tunnel is branched and formed ahead of a large-diameter tunnel using a shield machine, the excavation can be continuously performed at low cost without providing a shaft at a branch point of the tunnel.

. When each shield machine is engaged and accommodated in the outer cylinder frame, the rear part of the shield frame of each shield machine is removed, so when constructing a large diameter tunnel in the outer cylinder frame, After that, when each shield excavator is separated from the outer cylinder frame and started afterwards, the above rear part is attached to the shield frame of each shield excavator, so each shield excavator is fully functional independently Each shield excavator can be used to connect a small-diameter tunnel to a large-diameter tunnel.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a tunnel excavating apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a tunnel excavated using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the operation of the apparatus, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a tunnel excavated using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the tunnel excavating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along line VI-VI, FIG. 7 is a view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 5, FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5, and FIG. 9 is a tunnel showing a modified embodiment. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line XI-XI of FIG. 9, FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a tunnel showing a conventional example. In the figure, 1 is a cutter spoke, which is a cutter portion, 2 is a shield machine, 3 is an outer cylinder frame, 5 is a glasses-like tunnel which is a large-diameter tunnel, and 6 is a small-diameter tunnel.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Ryusaburo Otsuka 13th, Showa-cho, Minato-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside the Nagoya Plant of Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-3-187498 (JP, A) JP-A-2-153196 (JP, A) JP-A-3-151495 (JP, A) JP 3-13693 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tunnel excavator comprising: an outer cylinder frame formed in a cylindrical shape; and a plurality of shield excavators housed in the outer cylinder frame so as to be freely detachable. Make the rear part of the shield frame of the machine detachable, remove the rear part when each shield excavator is engaged and accommodated in the outer cylinder frame, and remove the rear part when separating and starting each shield excavator from the outer cylinder frame. A tunnel drilling rig that is attached. 2. A first connection / separation means for connecting / separating the outer cylinder frame and each shield excavator, for connecting / separating them, and connecting / separating these between the outer cylinder frame and an existing segment. And a second connection / separation unit that performs the operation.
A tunnel drilling rig as described.