JP4514220B2 - Composite shield method and composite shield machine and segment therefor - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, a plurality of shield machines are connected in parallel to construct a multi-section shield tunnel such as an eyebrow shape, a glasses shape, a dharma shape, or a single-section shield tunnel such as an ellipse, an oval, a horseshoe shape, etc. The present invention relates to a composite shield method for continuously constructing a branch tunnel from a shield tunnel, and a composite shield machine and a segment therefor.

  Conventionally, when constructing a subway, etc., first build the station part by the open-cut method, then assemble a shield machine with one end of the station part as the starting base, and excavate the route section to the next station part with the shield machine In addition, in the crossover work for replacing the vehicle to the upper and lower lines or the inner and outer perimeter lines at the turning station, etc., after the construction by the open-cut method, the route section is shielded as above. Drilling by was generally done.

  However, adoption of the open-cut method is becoming difficult due to the recent urban congestion. In the case of the open-cut method, a large-scale lining is required on the road surface, and there are great restrictions on road traffic. Many processes and time were required, and the construction cost was naturally increased.

  In addition, the crossover work may be carried out with a single circle shield or a rectangular shield having a cross section of more than a double line instead of the open-cut method. In this case, the route section to the station is also constructed with the same cross section. However, in the former single-circle shield construction, there is a problem that the depth of excavation work at the station is increased, and the latter rectangular shield is adopted to reduce the depth of the station and to avoid buried objects. In the construction, the amount of excavation was large and the segment was special compared to two single-line single-wire shields, so the construction cost was increased.

  In recent years, a composite shield machine has been proposed as a response to such a problem.

  The composite shield machine connects a plurality of shield machines in parallel to enable excavation of a predetermined cross section, and the front body of each shield machine has an independent excavation mechanism and a skin plate. The rear body portion has a structure having a tail skin plate having a closed cross section having the same shape as the outer shape of the composite shield machine. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 17, the following Patent Document 1 has two small-diameter shield machines 50, 50 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and the shield frame of each small-diameter shield machine 50, 50. Is partially broken (50a, 50a) so that the tail portions thereof are opposed to each other, and a connecting shield frame 51 is separably welded thereto via a thin wall portion, and an integrated composite shield machine is described ( Paragraphs [0051] to [0059] and FIGS. 13 to 16). When the small-diameter shield machines 50 and 50 are started, the skin plate is attached so as to repair the defect portion 50a and then started.

In Patent Document 2 below, as shown in FIG. 18, the rear part of a composite shield machine in which a plurality of shield machines 53 to 55 are connected in parallel has substantially the same shape as the outer shape of the composite shield machine 56. Further, there is disclosed a composite shield machine 56 in which a tail skin plate 57 having a closed cross section provided with a shield jack is integrally provided, and the tail skin plate 57 is provided with a shield jack and an erector.
JP 2003-232185 A JP 2003-166393 A

  However, in the case of the composite shield machine described in Patent Document 1, the structure is provided with the connecting shield frame 51 so as to cover the upper and lower surfaces of the two small-diameter shield machines 50 and 50 arranged adjacent to each other. 1) When the small-diameter shield machine 50 is started, the circular segment constructed inside the small-diameter shield machine 50 has an inner semicircular portion, although its outer semicircular portion is continuous with the elliptical segment constructed when integrated. Since the reaction point of the segment cannot be secured as it is, it is possible to secure a uniform reaction force over the entire circumference of the circular segment by separately constructing a support member such as a reaction force wall. It took time and effort to build reaction walls. (2) Also, when the small-diameter shield machine 50 starts, groundwater and earth and sand will flow into the shield space from the gap between the newly constructed circular segment and the connecting shield frame 51. The construction of the ground and the ground improvement work such as water stop were essential, so it took a lot of time and labor for these works.

  (3) Furthermore, the inside of the connection shield frame 51 is a large shield space, and the circular segment constructed in the connection shield frame 51 by the small-diameter shield machine 50 receives earth pressure from the natural ground side. A separate means for suppressing the movement of the circular segment due to the earth pressure has been required.

  On the other hand, in the case of the composite shield machine 56 described in Patent Document 2, as compared with the composite shield machine described in Patent Document 1, the central shield machine has a substantially drum-shaped side skin plate on the side surface portion. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the movement of the circular segments constructed by using these as support walls, but the problems (1) and (2) have not been solved. In addition, the tail skin plate 55 is separately added on the rear side, and there is a problem that the length of the shield machine becomes longer and the cross-sectional dimension of the shaft required for starting is increased.

  Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is to save labor for constructing a retaining wall for preventing invasion of earth and sand and groundwater, and to save labor for constructing a reaction point for a segment constructed by a start shield machine. It is to provide a composite shield method, a shield machine, and a segment that can greatly save labor for starting preparation work for a shield machine.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as the present invention according to claim 1, a plurality of shield machines are connected in parallel and a notch is provided in the tail skin plate portion of the shield machine on the rear trunk side, In the composite shield construction method in which a part or all of the shield machine constituting the composite shield machine is started underground after excavating a predetermined cross section using the composite shield machine communicating the space of
Within the tail skin plate of the composite shield machine, after sequentially digging while assembling closed segments along the outer shape of the tail skin plate, the outer shape of the tail skin plate was aligned immediately before the arrival point. If you assemble a special section with a cross-section change part that has an outer ring shape part and also has an inner ring shape part that matches the segment cross-sectional shape built by the shield machine that is scheduled to start, if you advance by one stroke with a shield jack, After attaching the skin plate so as to repair the cutout of the skin plate of the shield machine scheduled to start, inside the shield machine scheduled to start, the circumference is changed so as to continue to the inner ring shape part of the special section of the cross-section change part. Before assembling a segment that closes in the direction and outside the planned start Provided is a composite shield construction method in which a portion other than the inner ring-shaped portion is closed, the inside of the shield machine outside the planned start part is filled with a filler, and then the planned shield machine is separated from the other and started. .

  In the present invention as set forth in claim 1, as a section of the cross-section changing section for starting the shield machine, the shield machine has an outer ring shape portion along the outer shape of the tail skin plate according to the composite shield machine and is scheduled to start A special section segment for changing the cross section having an inner ring shape portion that matches the cross section shape of the segment constructed by the above is used. Then, by assembling this special section changing section segment at the arrival point, a segment closing in the circumferential direction can be assembled within the starting shield machine so as to be continuous with the inner ring-shaped section of the section changing section special segment. To.

  Accordingly, the reaction force of the segment built inside the start shield machine can be taken by the inner ring shape portion of the special section of the cross section changing portion over the entire circumference. There is no need to construct a support member such as a force wall. In addition, in order to block the part other than the internal ring shape part outside the planned start part and fill the inside of the shield machine outside the planned start part with a filler, the construction of the retaining wall or the ground improvement work is minimized or Since it can be omitted, preparation work for starting the shield machine can be greatly simplified and labor-saving.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the composite shield method according to the first aspect, wherein the shield machine to be started is connected to another shield machine by a detachable bolt and / or pin.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the shield machine to be started, a skin plate for repairing a cutout portion of the skin plate can be attached by a bolt and / or a pin. A composite shield construction method is provided.

  The invention according to claim 2 and claim 3 is a further simplification and labor saving of the start preparation work of the shield machine, and the shield machine to be started is different from other shield machines. By connecting with a removable bolt and / or pin and allowing a skin plate for repairing a cutout portion of the skin plate to be attached with a bolt and / or a pin, Thus, without adding a tail skin plate, the start preparation work of the shield machine can be greatly simplified and labor-saving, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the shaft required for start-up due to the increase in the length of the shield machine It is possible to solve problems such as the increase of

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite shield machine used in the composite shield method according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a plurality of shield machines are connected in parallel and a tail skin plate of the shield machine. The shield machine to be started is connected with other shield machines by bolts and / or pins that are removable, and the tail skin plate is notched. A composite shield machine is provided in which a skin plate for repairing a notch can be attached by bolts and / or pins.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, two circular shield machines are arranged on both sides of the drum-shaped shield machine, and are connected to each other to form a shield machine having a substantially oval cross section as a whole. The composite shield machine described is provided.

  As a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the composite shield method according to any one of the first to third aspects, the segment is disposed in the shield machine starting portion, and the segment is a tail skin of the composite shield machine. There is provided a segment characterized by having an outer ring shape portion that conforms to the outer shape of the plate and an inner ring shape portion that matches the sectional shape of the segment constructed by the shield machine to be started.

  As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the reaction point construction work for the segment constructed by the start shield machine is saved, and the construction work such as retaining walls for preventing the infiltration of earth and sand and groundwater is saved. The preparation work for starting the shield machine can be greatly simplified and labor-saving.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic diagram of the composite shield machine 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the composite shield machine 1, FIG. 3 is a half sectional plan view thereof, and FIG.

  A composite shield machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a special cross-section shield machine 2 having a substantially drum-shaped cross-section located in the center, and circular shield machines 3A and 3B disposed on both sides of the special cross-section shield machine 2, respectively. Are shield machines that are connected to each other and have a substantially oval shape as a whole.

  Each of the three shield machines 2, 3A, 3B constituting the composite shield machine 1 has a body surrounded by a skin plate and has cutter heads 32, 32 on the front surface. In addition, each shield machine 2, 3A, 3B has notches 21 and 31 in the tail skin plate portion, and in the combined state, the space in the tail skin plate is communicated to form the outer shape of the composite shield machine 1 A cross-section segment assembly space is formed. After the excavation of the large section tunnel such as the station section and the crossover section in the combined state, if the construction reaches the end of the large section tunnel section, the section change section special segment 5 described later is assembled. The circular shield machines 3A and 3B located on both sides are separated from the central special cross-section shield machine 2 and start in the ground as they are to excavate a continuous route portion and the like on the front side.

Hereinafter, the composite shield machine 1 will be described in detail for each part.
First, as shown in FIG. 5, the special cross-section shield machine 2 has a substantially arcuate shape having shallow arc-shaped skin plates 20a and 20a on the upper and lower surfaces, and semicircular recesses 20b and 20b on both sides. A skin plate 20 is provided, and notches 21 and 21 are provided at the rear portions of the recesses 20b and 20b, respectively. Two swinging cutter heads 22 and 22 are provided on the front surface, and a substantially drum-shaped cross section is excavated. The oscillating cutter heads 22 and 22 are substantially ginkgo-shaped oscillating cutter bodies arranged for excavating a substantially triangular portion of the upper and lower portions. As the oscillating cutter head 22, the one described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-232191 filed earlier by the present applicant can be used as it is. A description of the specific structure will be given in the publication, but this swinging cutter is swung and rotated by a telescopic jack that swings and rotates within a predetermined angle range to swing the cutter frame to the partition wall at the front end of the shield frame. A rotating drum is provided, and a cutter supporting shaft that is supported by the rotating drum eccentrically from the center of rotation and supports the cutter frame is provided, and revolving is allowed while preventing rotation of the cutter supporting shaft provided by this single shaft. It is a rocking cutter device in which a rotation restraining mechanism is provided behind the partition wall.

  The excavated earth and sand are discharged to the outside by a soil discharging screw conveyor 24 that is continuous with the upper and lower discharge ports of the bulkhead 23. Shield jacks 26, 26,... Are disposed on the upper and lower portions of the rear end, and cantilever erectors (not shown) are disposed for assembling the segments.

  In this example, the cutter structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-232191 is adopted as a cutter structure that enables excavation of a drum-shaped irregular cross section. However, as another aspect, the present applicant filed earlier. The swing cutter described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-232190 may be used. In addition, by arranging a plurality of rotating cutters with different diameters, or combining various rotating cutters with a swinging cutter or an eccentric multi-axis cutter, the above-mentioned special drum-shaped special cross section Excavation may be performed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the circular shield machines 3A and 3B have a cylindrical skin plate 30, and a semicircle is formed on the rear side of the skin plate 30 on the connection side of the special cross-section shield machine 2. This is a mud pressure shield machine having a notch 31 having a shape and six spoke-shaped cutter heads 32 on the front surface. The earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 32 is discharged by a discharge screw conveyor 34 continuous to the lower end discharge port of the bulkhead 33. Inside the skin plate 30, an erector 35 is disposed, and shield jacks 36, 36. It should be noted that shield jacks 36, 36... May be installed in advance on the inner half circumference portion in preparation for a future start.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the special cross-section shield machine 2 and the circular shield machines 3A and 3B connected to both sides are the skin plate 20 of the special cross-section shield machine 2 and the skins of the single round shield machines 3A and 3B. The plates 30 are connected to each other by a plurality of connecting bolts 4, 4.. Moreover, the space of the closed cross section which comprises the outer shape of the composite shield machine 1 is formed in the rear trunk | drum part side, and a segment is assembled in this space.

  In order to excavate a route part continuous from a station part or a crossover part by using the composite shield machine 1, first, the composite shield machine 1 is assembled at one end side shaft of the tunnel station part or the crossover part, and the station part or the crossover part is assembled. Begin excavating the wire. The assembly of the segment accompanying excavation is performed by the erectors 35 and 35 disposed in the circular shield machines 3A and 3B in the segment assembly space of the special cross-section shield machine 2 and the circular shield machines 3A and 3B, respectively. The outer peripheral segment 5 shown in FIG. 9 (A) is assembled, and the central portion that cannot be assembled by these erectors 35 is assembled by the cantilevered erector of the special section shield machine 2. The composite shield machine 1 is propelled by taking the reaction force of the shield jacks 26, 26... Of the special section shield machine 2 and the shield jacks 36, 36. Is advanced every cycle.

  After that, if it reaches the point just before the arrival point at the other end of the tunnel station part or the crossover part (specifically, the position before the arrival point by one stroke by the shield jack), it is shown in FIG. 9 (B). As described above, the inner ring shape portions 6B and 6B having the outer ring shape portion 6A along the outer shape of the tail skin plate and matching the segment cross-sectional shape constructed by the circular shield machines 3A and 3B to be started are provided. The special section 6 (hereinafter simply referred to as a special segment) having a cross-section changing portion is also assembled. The outer ring shape portion 6A and the inner ring shape portion 6B overlap in the side portion. As the special segment 6, a general concrete segment, a steel segment, or the like can be used.

  When the assembly of the special segment 6 is completed, if the composite shield machine 1 is advanced by extending the shield jacks 26, 36, ..., preparation work for starting the circular shield machines 3A, 3B is started.

  In the start preparation work, first, mechanical equipment such as the bulkhead 23, screw conveyor 24, shield jacks 26, 26... Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the skin plate 7 is installed so as to repair the skin plate notch 21 of the circular shield machines 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B to be started, and the minimum including the rear edge of the skin plate 30 is included. After improving the ground by injecting a water-stopping material into the range H, the tail part straddling the special segments 6 of the circular shield machines 3A and 3B is cut, the rear ends of the circular shield machines 3A and 3B are aligned, Attach a tail seal (not shown) for half the circumference so as to extend around the circumference. When the tail edge of the tail skin plate is left circumferentially stepped without cutting the tail part, or when the tail part is bolted from the inside and removable from the inside, The ground improvement can be omitted. The skin plate 7 may be attached by welding or the like, but it is desirable to attach it with bolts and / or pins 60, 60.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, inside the circular shield machines 3A and 3B to be started, as shown in FIG. 10, the segment 8 is closed in the circumferential direction so as to be continuous with the inner ring-shaped portion 6B of the cross section changing portion special segment 6. When the portions other than the internal ring-shaped portions 6B and 6B outside the planned start portion of the special segment 6 are closed by the partition wall 6C, the inside of the shield machine 2 outside the planned start portion is filled with the filler 53.

  When the above preparatory work is completed, all the connecting bolts 4, 4... Connecting the circular shield machines 3A and 3B to be started and the special section shield machine 2 are removed inside the circular shield machines 3A and 3B, and the circular shield is removed. After separating the machines 3A and 3B, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the circular shield machine 3A on one side digs the route while excavating and assembling the segments 8. Next, the curing period is secured and the shield machine 3B is also dug in the same manner. As a result, shield tunnels are formed in which the II, II-II, and III-III sections in FIG. 13 have cross-sectional shapes as shown in FIGS.

[Other examples]
(1) In the above embodiment, the excavation cross-sectional shape by the composite shield machine 1 is a substantially elliptical shape, but it may be a cross-section of eyebrows, glasses, dharma, circle, oval, horseshoe or the like. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, a horseshoe composite shield machine in which a special cross-section shield machine 10 and single circular shield machines 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B are connected in parallel to form a horseshoe shape, and as shown in FIG. 16, The present invention can also be applied to a parent-child shield machine in which four single circular shield machines 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D are inscribed in the outline of the special cross-section shield machine 12.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration is one special cross-section shield machine and two single-circular shield machines, but a structure in which a plurality of single-circular shield machines are connected vertically and horizontally may be used.

It is an assembly point figure of the compound shield machine 1 concerning the present invention. 1 is a front view of a composite shield machine 1. FIG. FIG. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view. The special section shield machine 2 is shown, (A) is a front view, (B) is a longitudinal section, and (C) is a rear view. The circular shield machine 3 is shown, (A) is a front view, (B) is a longitudinal sectional view, and (C) is a rear view. The connection method of the special cross-section shield machine 2 and the single circular shield machine 3 is shown, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a BB arrow view. It is a starting point figure (the 1) of circular shield machines 3A and 3B. (A) is a perspective view of the segment 5 constructed | assembled in a station part or a crossover part, (B) is a perspective view of the special segment 6. FIG. It is a top view which shows the starting point figure (the 3) of circular shield machine 3A, 3B. In the starting point figure (the 4) of a single circular shield machine, (A) is a perspective view before starting, (B) is a perspective view after starting. It is a plane sectional view which shows the starting point figure (the 5) of circular shield machine 3A, 3B. It is a plane sectional view which shows after route part excavation of circular shield machine 3A, 3B. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional shape of a segment, (A) is the II cross section of FIG. 13, (B) is the II-II cross section of FIG. 13, (C) is the III-III cross section of FIG. It is a front view which shows the example (the 1) of the shield machine which can apply this invention. It is a front view which shows the example (the 2) of the shield machine which can apply this invention. It is a starting point figure which shows the conventional composite shield machine. It is an assembly procedure diagram showing a conventional composite shield machine.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Composite shield machine, 2 ... Special cross-section shield machine, 3A / 3B ... Circular shield machine, 4 ... Connection bolt, 6 ... Special segment, 6A ... Outer ring shape part, 6B ... Inner ring shape part, 6C ... Bulkhead

Claims (6)

Excavation of a predetermined cross section using a complex shield machine that connects multiple shield machines in parallel and has a notch in the tail skin plate part of the shield machine on the rear torso side to communicate the space in the tail skin plate In the composite shield construction method in which a part or all of the shield machine constituting the composite shield machine is started underground,
In the tail skin plate of the composite shield machine, after sequentially digging while assembling closed segments along the outer shape of the tail skin plate, the outer shape of the tail skin plate was aligned immediately before the arrival point. If you assemble a special section with a cross-section change part that has an outer ring shape part and also has an inner ring shape part that matches the segment cross-sectional shape built by the shield machine that is scheduled to start, if you advance by one stroke with a shield jack, After attaching the skin plate so as to repair the cutout of the skin plate of the shield machine scheduled to start, inside the shield machine scheduled to start, the circumference is changed so as to continue to the inner ring shape part of the special section of the cross-section change part. Before assembling a segment that closes in the direction and outside the planned start Closing the portions other than the inner ring-shaped part, after the shield machine internal start scheduled outsider filled with a filling material, a composite shield tunneling, characterized in that to the shield machine start scheduled separated from the other start.   The composite shield method according to claim 1, wherein the shield machine to be started is connected to other shield machines by detachable bolts and / or pins.   The composite shield method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the shield machine to be started is capable of attaching a skin plate for repairing a cutout portion of the skin plate with a bolt and / or a pin.   The composite shield machine used in the composite shield method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is configured to connect a plurality of shield machines in parallel, and to provide a cutout in a tail skin plate portion of the shield machine. A skin plate for connecting a space in the plate and connecting the shield machine to be started to the other shield machine by a detachable bolt and / or pin and repairing a notch portion of the tail skin plate Can be attached by bolts and / or pins.   5. The composite shield machine according to claim 4, wherein two round shield machines are arranged on both sides of the drum-shaped shield machine, and are connected to each other to form a shield machine having a substantially oval cross section as a whole. The composite shield method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the segment is disposed in the shield machine starting portion, and the segment is an outer ring along the outer shape of the tail skin plate of the composite shield machine. A segment having a shape portion and an inner ring shape portion that matches the cross-sectional shape of the segment constructed by a shield machine to be started.

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