JP2846877B1 - Metal bending machine - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To bend metal materials that do not require mass production,
Conventionally, in the state where a metal material to be processed is generally clamped by a vise, the vicinity of a clamping portion of the metal material is hit and bent with a hammer. However, skill is required, and particularly, a thick material cannot be bent neatly. SOLUTION: A base 1, a vice device 2 attached to the base 1 so as to be freely rotatable in an up-down direction, and a vice centered on a position near a metal material holding portion Zc by the vice device 2. Force device 2
And a backing table 8 that is backed by the non-bent side portion Zb of the metal workpiece Z during the bending operation of the metal workpiece Z. In addition to the above, the receiving side holding piece 3 and the backing stand 8 can be adjusted forward and backward by the forward and backward operation means 31 and 81, respectively, whereby the metal material to be processed can be easily bent, and the thickness of the metal material can be different. Even a metal material to be processed can be bent at an appropriate radius of curvature.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal material bending machine for bending a metal material such as a sheet metal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a metal processing plant such as an ironworks, mass production is not required, but a work of bending a metal material (for example, sheet metal) into an appropriate shape according to the application. Is often done. In this case, conventionally, generally, as shown in FIG. 11, a vice device 102 clamps the vicinity of the bent portion of the metal material Z to be processed, and in this state, hits the vicinity of the holding portion with a hammer, and Z is bent so as to be shown by a chain line (reference numeral Z ').

[0003] However, the operation of hitting and bending a metal material with a hammer has the following problems. That is, the work requires a high degree of skill, and sometimes a hammer mark may be formed on the metal material, resulting in poor appearance or a defective product. .

By the way, when a metal material such as a sheet metal is bent, it is preferable to make the bent portion as sharp as possible (to reduce the radius of curvature).
As shown in (D), as the thickness of the metal material Z increases, the radius of curvature R (the distance from the bending center P to the outer surface of the bending portion) of the bent portion Zd needs to be increased. That is, when the metal material Z is bent, the inner surface side of the bent portion Zd is compressed to increase the bending resistance, so that the bending cannot be performed with a radius of curvature smaller than a predetermined radius of curvature according to the thickness of the metal material. .
Further, if the bent portion Zd is used with an excessively small radius of curvature, wrinkles (inside surface) and cracks (outside surface) may be generated in the bent portion Zd. The minimum radius of curvature of a metal material (steel material) is generally required to be about twice as large as the thickness of the metal material. If the radius of curvature is less than that, bending of the metal material cannot be performed or cracks or the like occur. Defective products may occur.

The present invention relates to a metal material bending machine which can easily bend a metal material to be processed and can be bent with an appropriate radius of curvature according to the thickness of the metal material to be processed. It is intended to provide.

[0006]

The present invention has the following structure as means for solving the above-mentioned problems. That is, the present invention is directed to a metal material bending machine that can mechanically bend a metal material such as a sheet metal.

The metal material bending machine of the present invention comprises a base, a vice device rotatably mounted on the base so as to be vertically rotatable, and a vicinity of a metal material holding portion by the vice device. An arc rotation operation mechanism for vertically rotating the vise around the position, and a backing table that is backed by a non-bent side portion of the metal material to be bent when bending the metal material to be processed And

The vise device may be any device that can clamp the metal material to be processed from the front and rear sides with the receiving side holding piece and the pushing side holding piece. The pushing-side holding piece is moved forward and backward by, for example, a screw-screw-type moving means.

It is preferable to use a power device such as a motor or a telescopic cylinder as a drive source of the arc rotation operation mechanism. For example, the vice device can be vertically rotated by manually rotating a handle. May be used Further, the arc rotation operation mechanism is for rotating the vice device in the vertical direction around a position (fixed position) near the metal material holding portion by the vise device. Known ones as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-18072 can be adopted.

[0010] The backing table is preferably positioned so as to support a position near the metal material holding portion in the non-bent side portion of the metal material to be processed from the back side.

Further, in the metal bending machine of the present invention, the receiving side holding piece and the backing table can be adjusted forward and backward by forward and backward operation means, respectively.

The reason why the receiving side holding piece and the backing table can be moved back and forth as described above is as follows. That is, the appropriate radius of curvature when bending the metal material to be processed changes depending on the thickness of the metal material to be processed, and the minimum allowable radius of the radius of curvature is set to about twice the thickness of the metal material to be processed. I have.
In addition, it is preferable that the radius of curvature of the bent portion of the metal material to be processed is smaller as it becomes sharper. On the other hand, since the vise device is always rotated around the fixed position by the arc rotation operation mechanism, if the receiving side holding piece and the backing stand of the vise device are at the fixed position, the vice device may not be processed. If the thickness changes, it will not be possible to bend at an appropriate radius of curvature. For example, it is preferable to reduce the radius of curvature of the bent portion of the metal material as the thickness of the metal material to be processed is reduced, and to increase the radius of curvature of the bent portion of the metal material as the thickness of the processed metal material is increased. However, if the receiving side holding piece and the backing stand are in the fixed position, they cannot respond to those requests. By the way, as in the metal material bending machine of the present application, the receiving-side holding piece and the backing table can be adjusted forward / backward by the forward / backward operation means, respectively. In addition, the position of the backing table can be adjusted back and forth, so that the distance from the arc rotation center of the vise device to the bent portion of the metal material (ie, the radius of curvature) can be appropriately adjusted.

In the metal material bending machine of the present invention, when the vice device is positioned at the bending start position, the vice device clamps the metal material to be processed, and then operates the arc rotation operation mechanism. , The vise rotates upward about a fixed position near the metal material holding portion. Then, since the non-bent side portion of the metal material to be processed is in contact with the backing table, the metal material to be processed is rotated about the arc rotation center of the vise device. Can only be bent.

Further, in the metal material bending machine of the present invention, the receiving side holding piece and the backing table are adjusted forward and backward in accordance with the thickness of the metal material to be processed, so that the metal materials having different thicknesses can be obtained. However, it can always be bent with an appropriate radius of curvature.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10. A metal material folding machine according to this embodiment includes a base 1 and a base 1 with respect to the base 1. Vice device 2 mounted so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, an arc rotation operating mechanism 5 for rotating the vise device 2 in the vertical direction, and the work Unbent side portion Zb of metal material Z
And a backing stand 8 that is backed by the backing.

Although the size of the metal bending machine is not particularly limited, the total length in the left-right direction in FIG.
0-800mm, height 800-950mm, depth 3
It is formed in a relatively small size of about 00 to 400 mm.
In the following description, for the sake of convenience, in the plan view shown in FIG. 2, the left-right direction is referred to as the front-rear direction (left side is front and right side is rear), and the up-down direction is left-right direction (upper side is right and lower side is left).

The base 1 is constructed by assembling a rectangular box with a flat plate and a frame material. A bottom plate 11 is provided on the bottom of the base 1, and side plates 12, 12 are provided on the left and right sides of the base 1, respectively, as shown in FIG.

The vise device 2 includes left and right side plates 12 of the base 1,
At a position closer to the upper part between the twelve, it is supported by a link mechanism 6 described later. The vise device 2 includes an arc-shaped mounting base 21 having a cavity 22 formed in the center, and a receiving side mounted on the rear end of the mounting base 21 (the right end of the mounting base in FIG. 1). A holding piece 3, an advancing / retreating operation means 31 for moving the receiving side holding piece 3 forward and backward, a pushing-side holding piece 4 attached to a front end of the mounting base 21 (the left end of the mounting base in FIG. 1); An advancing / retreating operation means 41 for advancing / retreating the holding piece 4.

The mounting base 21 of the vise device 2 is supported by the link mechanism 6 in a posture in which the side surface is vertical and both ends of the mounting base are located back and forth in the standby state of the bending operation shown in FIG. The details of the link mechanism 6 will be described later. The vacant space 22 of the mounting base 21 is a bent side portion Za of the metal material Z to be processed.
It is for inserting. In addition, the shape of the mounting table 21 is as follows.
In addition to the arc shape in the illustrated example, a U shape may be used.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the advancing / retreating operation means 31 for advancing / retreating the receiving side holding piece 3 includes a support base 32 fixedly mounted on the rear end (left end) of the mounting base 21. And two left and right movable pieces 34, 34, an adjustment bolt 35 for operating the movable pieces 34, 34 in the direction of approaching / separating each other, and the receiving side holding piece 3 in the immersion direction (left side in FIGS. 4 and 5). And two upper and lower springs 38, 38 for urging in the directions.

In the second half (left half) of the support table 32, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, two left and right slopes 33, 33 are formed, which are inclined in a divergent manner from the center to the rear in plan view.

As shown in FIG. 5, the adjusting bolt 35
A right screw part 36 and a left screw part 37 are formed in half of the length. One movable piece 34 is screwed into the right screw part 36, and the other movable piece 34 is screwed into the left screw part 37. The adjustment bolt 35 is rotated without moving in the bolt length direction, and can slide in the front-rear direction with respect to the support table 32. In this embodiment, the adjustment bolt 3 is moved from the state shown in FIG.
When the bolt head of No. 5 is rotated clockwise, the left and right screw portions 36,
By the action of 37, the movable pieces 34, 34 move in the direction away from each other. Conversely, when the bolt head is rotated counterclockwise from the state of FIG. 10, the movable pieces 34, 34 move in the approaching direction to each other. It has become.

The receiving-side holding piece 3 is movable in the front-rear direction while being guided by the support table 32. The receiving side holding piece 3 is urged by the springs 38, 38 toward the inclined surfaces 33, 33 of the support base 32 via the two movable pieces 34, 34.

Therefore, the advancing / retreating operation means 3 on the receiving side holding piece 3 side
1 is to rotate the adjusting bolt 35 to the right to move each movable piece 34, 3
4 are brought close to each other, as shown in FIG.
4 and 34 move forward (to the right in FIG. 5) along the slopes 33 and 33, and the movable holding pieces 34 and 34 move the receiving side holding piece 3
Functions to push forward, while the adjustment bolt 35
If the movable pieces 34, 34 are separated from each other by rotating to the left, the receiving side holding piece 3 is moved backward by the urging force of the springs 38, 38 as shown in FIG.
In the metal material bending machine of this embodiment, the metal material to be processed is assumed to have a thickness of up to about 10 mm, and the front-to-back movement range of the receiving-side holding piece 3 may be, for example, about 25 to 30 mm. . The range of movement of the receiving-side holding piece 3 in the front-rear direction is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the use (the thickness of the metal material to be bent). Further, in another embodiment, as the advance / retreat operation means 31, any suitable structure can be adopted as long as it can adjust the receiving side holding piece 3 forward and backward.

Further, the receiving side holding piece 3 is provided with a scale at a position (for example, a side surface) that can be seen from the outside to measure how much the receiving side holding piece 3 protrudes from the support table 32. Good to put. That is, in this metal material bending machine, as described later, the receiving side holding piece 3 depends on the thickness of the metal material Z to be processed.
However, if the scale is provided, an appropriate position of the receiving side holding piece 3 can be easily set in accordance with the thickness of the metal material Z to be processed.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the advancing / retreating operation means 41 for advancing and retreating the pushing-side holding piece 4 attaches a support base 42 on a front end (right end) of the mounting base 21. A screw 43 with a handle 44 is screwed into the support 42. The push-side holding piece 4 is composed of two right and left guide rods 4.
The guides 6 and 46 are guided by being inserted into respective holes of the support base 42. And, this advance / retreat operation means 41
By rotating the handle 44 clockwise or counterclockwise, the push-side holding piece 4 can be moved back and forth.

The arc rotation operation mechanism 5 has a link mechanism 6 and a motor 51 for operating the link mechanism 6. The motor 51 is mounted on the bottom plate 11 of the base 1 so as to swing up and down by a shaft 55. The power from the motor 51 is transmitted to the gear 5
The screw screw 53 is reversibly rotated through the pins 2 and 52. A slider 54 is screwed into the screw screw 53.

As shown in FIG. 1, the link mechanism 6 includes a pair of left and right first to sixth links 61 to 66 (a total of six sets) each of which is a first axis A to an eleventh axis K (a total of 11 axes).
). The upper ends of the first link 61 and the second link 62 are respectively connected to the first axis A and the second axis A.
An axis B is pivotally attached to the base side plates 12, 12. Also, the third
One end of the link 63 and one end of the fourth link 64 are pivotally attached to the mount 21 of the vise 2 on a seventh axis G and an eighth axis H, respectively. Further, the lower end of the sixth link 66 is pivotally connected to the slider 54 about the eleventh axis K.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the link mechanism 6 includes a first axis A, a second axis B, a third axis C, and a fourth axis D.
Are located at the respective tops of the parallelogram, and the fourth axis D
, A fifth axis E, a ninth axis I, and a sixth axis F are respectively located at the tops of different parallelograms, and a second axis B, a fourth axis D, a seventh axis G, and a vise device 2 Are set so as to be located at the respective tops of another parallelogram. still,
The assembly structure of this type of link mechanism 6 is disclosed in
No. 072 is known.

The arc rotation operation mechanism 5 functions as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
In a state where 4 is located on the proximal end side of the screw 53, the vice device 2 is positioned at the standby position by the link mechanism 6. In this state, when the motor 51 is driven forward (driving the screw screw 53 clockwise in FIG. 3), the slider 54 is moved to the distal end side of the screw screw 53, and the link mechanism 6 is sequentially deformed. Go. At this time, the vise device 2 is configured to rotate upward and arc around the vicinity of the upper end of the metal material holding portion Zc (FIG. 4) formed by the two holding pieces 3 and 4 with the center P (fixed fixed position). Then, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the slider 54 reaches a predetermined position on the tip end side of the screw screw 53, the vise device 2 moves from the initial position shown in FIG. And is raised up by an angle of about 90 °. When the motor 51 is rotated in the reverse direction from the state shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the vice device 2 can be returned to the standby position shown in FIG.

The backing table 8 is installed such that the lower end 8 a (FIG. 4) of the front surface thereof is located at a position immediately near the upper end of the holding piece 3 on the receiving side and near the arc rotation center P of the vise device 2. I have.
The backing base 8 is fixed to a front surface of a slider 85 described later so as to be freely replaceable.

The backing table 8 is moved forward and backward by the forward and backward operation means 81. This advance / retreat operation means 81
A screw screw 83 with a handle 84 is screwed into a support 82 fixed to the upper portion of the base 1, and a slider 85 is connected to the tip of the screw screw 83. The slider 85 guides the support base 82 on both left and right sides. The advancing / retreating means 81 rotates the screw screw 83 with the handle 84,
The backing table 8 can be moved back and forth through the slider 85.

In the metal material bending machine of this embodiment, the metal material Z to be processed can be bent from a thin material of, for example, about 1 mm to a thick material of about 10 mm, but the metal material Z is bent. In this case, the following adjustment is made according to the thickness of the metal material Z to be processed.

First, in the case of bending a thin metal material Z (for example, a thickness of 1 mm), as shown in FIGS.
The receiving side holding piece 3 is positioned so that the front surface of the receiving side holding piece 3 is set back from the arc rotation center P of the vise device 2 by about twice (about 2 mm) the thickness of the metal material Z to be processed. Set the position. In this case, the position adjustment of the receiving side holding piece 3 is performed by the forward / backward operating means 3.
The adjustment is performed by one adjustment bolt 35. On the other hand, the backing table 8 is also adjusted by the handle 84 of the advance / retreat operating means 81 such that the front end 8a thereof is at the same vertical position as the front surface of the receiving side holding piece 3. Then, in order to bend the metal material Z to be processed from this state, the metal material Z having the thickness (1 mm) is interposed between the two holding pieces 3 and 4, and the pushing side holding piece 41 is moved by the advance / retreat operating means 41. 4 is advanced, and the metal workpiece Z is clamped between the clamping pieces 3 and 4. In this state, in FIGS. 4 and 5, the front surface (right side surface) of the sandwiched metal member Z is located rearward (left side) by about 1 mm from the arc rotation center P. Thereafter, when the motor 51 of the arc rotation operation mechanism 5 is turned on, the slider 54 moves along the screw rod 53, so that the link mechanism 6 is sequentially deformed, and the vise device 2 is rotated about the arc rotation center P. 7, and finally stops after being displaced by an angle of about 90 ° as shown in FIG. As described above, in the bent state of the metal material to be processed, the bent portion Zd has an appropriate radius of curvature (2 mm) according to the thickness of the metal material (1 mm), so that the bent portion Zd appears sharply. Can be done. When the handle 84 of the advancing / retreating operation means 81 on the backing base 8 is rotated in the pushing direction with the rotation angle of the vise device 2 slightly returned from the folding end state shown in FIG. Thus, the bent portion Zd of the metal material Z to be processed can be chased. If the bending angle of the metal material Z to be processed is to be shallower than 90 °, the motor 51 may be turned off at an appropriate time during the bending.

When a thick metal material (for example, a thickness of 10 mm) Z is bent, as shown in FIGS. The backing base 8 is set at a position retracted from the rotation center P by about twice (about 20 mm) the thickness of the metal material to be processed, and the backing table 8 is also at the front end 8a.
Is adjusted so as to be at the same vertical position as the front surface of the receiving side holding piece 3. Then, the thickness (10
mm), and then the motor 51 of the arc rotation operation mechanism 5 is turned on, and the vice device 2 is rotated upward about the arc rotation center P in the same manner as described above. Thus, the metal material Z to be processed can be bent. Also in this case, since the bent portion of the metal material has an appropriate radius of curvature (20 mm) according to the thickness of the metal material (10 mm), the bent portion can appear sharply.

In the case of this kind of metal bending machine, if the receiving side holding piece 3 and the backing table 8 cannot be adjusted forward and backward, the following inconvenience occurs.

First, as shown in FIG. 13A, the position of the arc rotation center P of the vise device 2 is set for the thin metal workpiece Z (the center P is set on the receiving side holding piece 3 side). In order to bend the corresponding thin metal workpiece Z, the bent portion Zd can be bent with an appropriate radius of curvature as shown in FIG. 13B. This metal bending machine is
As shown in FIG. 3 (C), even when trying to bend the thick metal workpiece Z, the arc rotation center P of the vise device 2 is located at an inappropriate position. It cannot be rotated by an arc (it cannot be bent). Therefore, even if the metal bending machine has the power to bend thick materials (about 10 mm thick),
Due to the relationship with the arc rotation center P, the thick metal workpiece Z cannot be bent.

As shown in FIG. 14 (A), the position of the arc rotation center P of the vise device 2 is set for the thick metal workpiece Z (the center P is set to the receiving side holding piece 3). In order to bend the corresponding thick metal workpiece Z, the bent portion Zd is bent at an appropriate radius of curvature as shown in FIG. I can do it. However, when the thin metal workpiece Z is bent by the metal bending machine as shown in FIG. 14 (C), the bending operation is possible as shown in FIG. 14 (D). Since the arc rotation center P of the vise device 2 is located at an inappropriate position (distant position), the radius of curvature of the bent portion Zd becomes large for the thickness of the metal material, and the bent portion Zd is bent at an appropriate radius of curvature. Can not.

[0039]

The metal material bending machine of the present invention has the following effects.

First, the metal work can be bent only by operating the arc rotation operating mechanism 5 while the metal work Z is held by the vise device 2, so that the metal work can be bent. Can be easily bent.

Also, in a metal bending machine in which the vice device 2 for bending the metal material Z to be processed is rotated around the center P near the metal material holding portion Zc, Since the receiving side holding piece 3 and the backing table 8 can be adjusted forward and backward, it can be applied to metal materials having different thicknesses even with a single metal material bending machine. Further, even in the case of metal materials having different thicknesses as described above, the bent portion can be bent at an appropriate radius of curvature in accordance with the thickness, so that good quality bending can be performed. This has the effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a metal material folding machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the metal folding machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in a case where a thin metal material is bent by the metal material bending machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arc rotation operation mechanism in the state of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a state change diagram of the metal material bending machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the arc rotation operation mechanism in the state of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a case where a thick metal material is bent by the metal material bending machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a conventional metal material bending method.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing characteristics of a bent portion of a metal material.

FIG. 13 is a first comparison diagram for confirming the effect of the metal material bending machine of the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 14 is a second comparative diagram for confirming the effects of the metal material bending machine according to the embodiment of the present application.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a base, 2 is a vise device, 3 is a receiving side holding piece, 4 is a pushing side holding piece, 5 is an arc rotation operating mechanism, 6 is a link mechanism, 21 is a mounting base, and 31 is a reciprocating movement of the receiving side holding piece. Operating means, 41 is a push-side holding piece advance / retreat operation means, 81 is a backing table advance / retreat operation means,
Z is a metal material to be processed, Zc is a metal material holding portion, Zd is a bent portion, and P is an arc rotation center.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A base (1) and a push-side holding piece (4) which is attached to the base (1) so as to be vertically rotatable and is capable of moving forward with respect to a receiving-side holding piece (3). A vice device (2) capable of holding a metal material (Z) to be processed from both front and rear sides, and a vice centered on a position near the metal material holding portion (Zc) by the vice device (2). An arc rotation operation mechanism (5) for rotating the device (2) in an up-down direction; and a non-bending side portion (Zb) of the metal material (Z) when the metal material (Z) is bent. ), And the receiving side holding piece (3) and the backing table (8) are adjusted forward and backward by forward and backward operation means (31, 81), respectively. A metal bending machine characterized in that: