JP2825685B2 - camera - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera, and more particularly, to optically detecting a film feeding state by utilizing a difference in optical characteristics between a film perforation and a film portion therebetween. and, in which it relates to a camera having a feed control device of the film to control the feeding of the film.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various film feeding control systems have been proposed. However, a moving perforation is detected by photoelectric conversion means by utilizing a difference in optical characteristics between a film perforation and a film portion therebetween. The film feed control method is advantageous in reducing the size and cost of the camera because no mechanical mechanism is required.
For example, it is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-86355.

In such an optical film feeding control system, light from a light projecting unit reflected or transmitted by a film surface is received by a light receiving unit, and a photoelectric conversion signal from the light receiving unit is received as the film moves. Are compared at a predetermined level, the number of perforations is counted, and one frame of film is fed.

By the way, the perforation of the film and the transmittance or reflectance of the film portion between the films differ greatly depending on the type of film, and a predetermined level (hereinafter referred to as a comparison level) for comparing photoelectric conversion signals is constant. From, for example, if the photoelectric conversion signal is a film having a small transmittance or reflectance compared to the comparison level,
You will not be able to count accurately.

[0005] Therefore, the photoelectric conversion signal is DC-cut and A
A method of amplifying the C component, comparing the signals at a comparison level, and counting the comparison output, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the photoelectric conversion signal as disclosed in JP-A-2-256038 and JP-A-2-77056. A method of detecting a value and determining a comparison level from the value has been proposed.

Further, a method has been proposed in which a photoelectric conversion signal is converted into a digital signal using a high-resolution AD converter used for auto-focusing of a camera, and perforations are counted based on comparison with a predetermined level.

However, in the above-described method of DC-cutting the photoelectric conversion signal or in the method of comparing the maximum value and the minimum value to determine the comparison level, the film itself is not always kept flat at the detection point. Therefore, there is a case where a peak signal is output at a place where there is no perforation, and there is a disadvantage that an actual film feed amount is different from an appropriate film feed amount.

Further, in the DC cut method of the photoelectric conversion signal, even if the film does not actually move, the film is compared with the comparison signal due to the influence of power supply noise such as a motor noise built in the camera body. There is a possibility that erroneous detection that a signal is output from the comparator may occur. Similarly, also in the method of determining the comparison level by comparing the maximum value and the minimum value, the power supply noise has an effect at the time of detecting the maximum value and the minimum value, and the value of the determined comparison level is incorrect, which may cause erroneous detection. was there.

On the other hand, in the method of always performing A / D conversion, the A / D converter cannot be used for auto-focusing while the film is being fed.

[0010]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that when performing perforation counting in accordance with the type of film by directly utilizing an analog signal which is a photoelectric conversion signal, the comparison level can be reduced. The method of adjusting the photoelectric conversion signal or determining the comparison level from the photoelectric conversion signal is affected by noise of the power supply, the flatness of the film surface, and the like. In the digital control method, a circuit or the like used for other control of the camera cannot be used during film feeding, and for example, autofocus continuous shooting becomes slow. Therefore, if the comparison level is determined on the basis of the photoelectric conversion signal digitally converted during the auto-loading operation, the above-mentioned difficulties can be solved. If all the operations are performed using digital amounts, since the actual film perforation is not counted, the first frame photographing screen is not at a predetermined position, and when the film is developed, it is separated by only the first frame of the screen. There was a possibility that the image was overlapped with the frame.

The present invention has the advantages of a digital system capable of reliably determining a comparison level by converting a photoelectric conversion signal into a digital signal, and an appropriate error-free comparison level for the photoelectric conversion signal. After that, when film is fed using the advantages of the analog type film control system based on the photoelectric conversion signal that the film can be easily and reliably fed, the intervals between the film screens to be shot are all constant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a camera having a film feeding control device capable of shooting from a predetermined position.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems Object of the Invention According to the Present Application
The first configuration for realizing is that a signal output unit that outputs a photoelectric conversion signal based on a perforation of the film and an optical characteristic difference between the film and the film unit, and a photoelectric conversion signal that is output from the signal output unit. a signal comparing means for outputting a comparison signal is compared with a predetermined comparison level, and control means for controlling the feed of the film on the basis of the comparison signal from the signal comparing means, said control means off Irumu of based on the photoelectric conversion signals during automatic loading operation to determine the comparison level, using the determined comparison level, the camera characterized by the TURMERIC line detection of the last perforation in at least the automatic loading operation There is .
A second configuration for realizing the object of the invention according to the present application is
Lum perforation and the light between the film part in between
Signal that outputs a photoelectric conversion signal based on
Output means and a photoelectric conversion signal output from the signal output means
To output a comparison signal by comparing with a predetermined comparison level.
Based on the comparison means and the comparison signal from the signal comparison means.
Control means for controlling the feeding of the film by
The means may include the photoelectric switch during the auto-loading operation of the film.
The comparison level is determined based on the converted signal.
And there is a camera.

[0013]

In the camera having the above-mentioned structure, in the initial stage of auto-loading, for example, when three and a half frames are fed by auto-loading film, the first two and a half frames are fed by digital control, and the comparison level is determined in the meantime. The control of feeding the last third film is performed in the state where the perforations are actually counted using the same comparison level as at the time of shooting.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION FIG. 1 is an electrical control block diagram of a camera embodying the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a microcomputer which controls the movement of each part of the camera. Reference numeral 2 denotes a lens control circuit that controls a distance ring and an aperture of a photographic lens (not shown). The lens control circuit 2 performs serial communication via the data bus DBUS while receiving the LCOM signal from the microcomputer-1. The lens control circuit 2 controls a motor (not shown) based on the communication contents, and controls a distance ring and an aperture. Further, the microcomputer 1 receives focal length information of the lens, distance information, and other various correction information.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a liquid crystal display circuit, which is a circuit for displaying camera shooting information such as shutter speed and aperture control values. The liquid crystal display circuit 3 includes a microcomputer 1
While receiving the DPCOM signal from the data bus DB
Perform serial communication via US. The liquid crystal display circuit 3 performs liquid crystal display based on this communication content.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a switch sense circuit, which is always supplied with power together with the liquid crystal display circuit 3 and sw1 which is interlocked with the first stroke of the release button of the camera.
And other switches and AF to determine the exposure mode (not shown)
You can always read the switches that determine the mode. When the switch is switched, the switch sense circuit 4
Sends a signal to a DC / DC converter (not shown),
Activate the DC converter. The DC / DC converter supplies power to the microcomputer-1 and other circuits. The switch sense circuit 4 performs serial communication via the data bus DBUS while receiving the SWCOM signal from the microcomputer-1. When receiving the DC / DC off command from the microcomputer-1, the switch sense circuit 4 turns off the output of the DC / DC converter. In addition, microcomputer
Data-1 receives each switch information.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a strobe light emission control circuit, which is a circuit for controlling light emission and dimming of the strobe light, a circuit for storing electric charges for light emission, a xenon tube serving as a light emitting portion, a trigger circuit, and stopping light emission. It consists of existing circuits such as a circuit, a film surface reflected light photometry circuit, and an integration circuit. The X contact is turned on by the front curtain running of the shutter unit. The flash light emission control circuit 5 starts flashing of the flash when the X contact is turned on.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a focus detection unit comprising a line sensor and the like, which is a circuit for determining at which position the subject is focused by the photographing lens by the existing phase difference detection method. The microcomputer-1 drives the focus detection unit 6, reads out the signal stored in the line sensor, performs A / D conversion, determines the focus state of the subject by a predetermined calculation, and drives the lens distance ring. And focus determination.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a photometry circuit which divides the screen into a plurality of areas, and performs TTL photometry of the brightness of the subject in each area and sends it to the microcomputer-1. A shutter control circuit 8 controls a shutter unit (not shown) in accordance with a control signal of the microcomputer 1. Reference numeral 9 denotes a motor driver, which is a film feeding motor according to control signals MS1 and MS2 of the microcomputer-1.
And the film is wound up and rewound.

Reference numeral Pr denotes a photo reflector, which is disposed at a position where film perforation passes when the film is fed, as shown in the schematic view of the camera when the back cover is opened in FIG. When a low voltage is supplied to the AD converter 10 because the light from the Pr light emitting unit is not reflected to the light receiving unit, while the film unit between the perforations passes,
A high voltage is supplied to the AD converter 10 because light from the light emitting unit of the photo reflector Pr is reflected on the light receiving unit. The AD converter 10 converts a photoelectric conversion signal, which is an analog signal from the photoreflector Pr, into a digital signal and sends the digital signal to the microcomputer 1.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a DA converter which converts digital data, which is a comparison level determined by the microcomputer 1, into an analog signal and sends it to a comparator 12.

The comparator 12 compares a photoelectric conversion signal from the photoreflector Pr with a comparison level from the DA converter 11 and outputs a comparison signal CMP.

The microcomputer 1 outputs a PRS signal at the time of film feeding to cause the light emitting portion of the photoreflector Pr to emit light, starts the film feeding motor by the MS1 or MS2 signal, and outputs the signal from the AD converter 10 and the CMP. MS1 judges the film feeding state based on the signal.
Alternatively, the motor is stopped by the MS2 signal, and control for winding or rewinding a predetermined perforation film is performed.

In the present embodiment, the comparison by the comparator 12 is performed when the film is fed during the actual photographing, and the DA with respect to the photoelectric conversion signal from the photo reflector PR is used.
The signal of the comparison level output from the converter 11 is determined during the automatic loading operation of the film.

This comparison level is determined by dividing a large number of sampling data at predetermined time intervals obtained by digitally converting the photoelectric conversion signal from the photoreflector Pr by the AD converter 10 during the automatic loading into 16 gradations.
An intermediate value of these frequency distributions is obtained, and a digital value of a gradation corresponding to the intermediate value is converted into an analog signal by the DA converter 11 and is output to the comparator 12 as a comparison level.

That is, assuming that the film is fed with ideal flatness to the projection surface of the photoreflector Pr, the photoelectric conversion signal which is analog data output from the photoreflector Pr is Since it becomes a sine wave, a large number of sampled data obtained by digitally converting the sine wave at regular intervals are divided into 16 levels of reflection intensity to obtain a frequency distribution. Can be said to be the most. In other words, the sampling data of the portion corresponding to the film surface between the perforations and the portion corresponding to the perforation are largely distributed near the maximum value and the minimum value of the gradation level.

If the comparison level is set to an intermediate value, the level always corresponds to the middle of the movement from perforation to the film surface between perforations, and the photoelectric conversion signal becomes larger or smaller than the comparison level with or without perforation. Or

However, it cannot be said that the film is actually fed in such an ideal state, and the reflectance of the fed film is not always constant. When looking at the gradation level of the sampling data, there is a variation in the context, but during auto loading, if the frequency distribution of a large number of sampling data detected by feeding a few frames of film is taken, such a distribution is obtained. The variation does not have any influence, and an intermediate value similar to that fed in an ideal state can be obtained.

Hereinafter, the above-described film feeding operation will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 to 9, focusing on the operation when the camera is loaded with the film and the auto-loading process is performed.

FIG. 2 shows the entire auto-loading operation.

In the auto loading operation, an auto gain initialization process (AG-INIT: step 001) for initializing the auto loading operation, a perforation counting process (Perfo-Cnt: step 002), and an auto loading operation are normally performed. Film feeding adequacy determination process (TP
PF: Step 003, Step 006), processing for determining a comparison level, in this embodiment, a comparison level processing (MID-DIST:
Step 004), a film feeding process for feeding the film (WIND-1: Step 005), and a process for stopping the auto loading when the auto loading is defective (NG-AL: 007).

In the auto loading operation, first, the auto gain initialization processing AG-INIT is executed in step 00.
1 is performed.

FIG. 3 shows details of the processing AG-INIT.

The process AG-INIT is started from step 101.

Step 101 to step 104
A process for initializing an array variable HIST [n] set for obtaining a histogram to a large number of pieces of film information converted and sampled by the D converter 10 to 0. In this embodiment, n = 0 to 15 16 gradations are set.

In step 101, 0 is substituted for the variable n, and the routine proceeds to step 102. In step 102, 0 is substituted for the array variable HIST [n], and the routine proceeds to step 103.

At step 103, the variable n is incremented, and the routine proceeds to step 104. Step 104
In, the value of the variable n is determined. If the value is smaller than 16, the flow branches to step 102; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step 105.

As described above, if the value of n is smaller than 16, the program proceeds to steps 102 → 103 →
104 → 102 is repeated. By this repetition, 0 is substituted in the array variable HIST in the range of [0] to [15].

Next, at step 105, the variable PR
-AD, variable APO-UP, variable FLG-UP, variable p
erfo, variable count, variable TPPF-F, variable S
0 is substituted for UM, and the routine proceeds to step 106.

The variable PR-AD is a variable for storing the previous AD conversion data. However, the variable APO-UP is not necessarily the immediately preceding AD conversion value. The variable APO-UP indicates whether the signal of the photoreflector rises or falls. In the direction, "1" rises and "0" falls, and the variable FLG-UP results in "1" when rising and "0" when falling. Variable. The variable perfo is a variable for counting the number of perforations. The variable count will be described later. The variable SUM is a variable of the total number of frequencies of the frequency distribution.

In step 106, the process Photo-ON for turning on the LED of the photo reflector is executed, and the routine proceeds to step 107. In step 107,
The timer register TIME-NOW (current time) is substituted for the start timer variable S-time, and step 1 is executed.
Proceed to 08. The timer register TIME-NOW is a register that is incremented by a timer interrupt built in the microcomputer, and one count is 4 μsec. In step 108, the variable AL-Time of the determination time when there is a problem with the auto loading is set to 12000.
0 (count number) is substituted, and the routine proceeds to step 109.

In step 109, a process M1M1FOR for driving the film feeding motor in the film feeding direction (forward rotation direction) is executed, and the process AG-INIT is terminated and returned to step 002 where perforation is counted. With the above operation, the initialization necessary for the processing after step 002 such as the perforation count is completed.

In step 002, the processing Perfo
-Cnt is executed. FIGS. 4 to 7 show the processing Perf.
FIG. 4 shows the processing Perfo.
−Cnt is represented as a whole.

The processing Perfo-Cnt is step 201
Started from. In step 201, a delay process (128 μsec in this embodiment) Delay 128 is executed.

FIG. 5 shows the process Delay128. The processing Delay 128 is started from step 251. In step 251, the value obtained by adding the value 32 to the variable S-time is substituted into the delay register D, and
Proceed to. In step 252, the value of the delay register D is determined, and the value is set in the timer register TIME-NOW.
If it is greater, the process branches to step 252; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 253. When the value of the delay register D is
If it is greater than timer register TIME-NOW, the program repeats step 252. By this repetition, a time of 128 μs elapses. After the elapse of 128 μs, in step 253, the value of the delay register D is substituted for the variable S-time, and the process proceeds to step 254.

In step 254, the variable AL-Ti
The me is decremented by one, the process Delay 128 is terminated and returned, and the process proceeds to step 202. In step 202, an AD conversion process AD-Conv for converting a photoelectric conversion signal of the photoreflector PR into a digital signal is executed.

FIG. 6 shows the processing AD-Conv. The processing AD-Conv is started from step 261.

In step 261, a process AD-Start for starting execution of AD conversion is executed, and the flow advances to step 262. The processing AD-Start is performed by the AD converter 1
This is the process of storing the converted value of 0 in the variable AD-Value.

In step 262, the variable AD-Va
The value obtained by dividing lue by the value 16 is assigned to the register B, the process AD-Conv is terminated and returned, and the process proceeds to step 203.

In the process of step 262, since the AD converter 10 is also used for auto-focusing of the camera and the like, the resolution is high, so that the sampling data obtained as it is is very finely divided and becomes noise or the like. In order to ignore subtle fluctuations of the photoelectric conversion signal due to the above, it is unnecessary to use data that is so finely divided.
Bit data is discarded.

In step 203, the variable perfo
Is determined. This is because the feeding is unstable at the time of starting the film feeding until the number of perforations becomes 15 from the start of the auto-loading.
e-Rank is not performed. Here, in this embodiment, the opening edge of the perforation is set to 1 count. Therefore, if the edge is counted 2 times, 1 perforation count is obtained. In this embodiment,
Since the processing in step 204 is not performed for the first 15 perforations, if the value is smaller than 29, the process branches to step 205; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 204. Here, in the process of step 001, the variable perfo is initially 0 in step 105 in FIG.
It will go to 05.

At step 205, the value of the register B is determined. If the value is equal to the variable PR-AD,
Branch to step 218, otherwise step 20
Proceed to 6.

Steps 202 to 205 described above
By the operations described above, the photoelectric conversion signal is AD-converted with a coarse resolution, and is compared with a value (PR-AD) that has been AD-converted previously. Here, the fact that the current A / D conversion value (B) is equal to the previous A / D conversion value (PR-AD) cannot be confirmed that the film is being moved, so that the processing after step 206 until the next sampling is performed. Do not do. afterwards,
If sampling is performed several times and (B) and (PR-AD) are equal, the process always branches to step 218.

On the other hand, the current AD conversion value (B) and the previous A
If the D-converted value (PR-AD) is different, there is a possibility that the photoelectric conversion signal has changed due to the movement of the film, so it is determined that the auto-loading is operating normally, and step 206 is performed. The following operation is performed. In this operation, since a subtle change in the photoelectric conversion signal due to noise or the like is ignored, the possibility of a malfunction is reduced.

If the movement of the film cannot be confirmed in step 205, in step 218, the variable AL-Time of the auto-loading operation failure judgment time is determined.
It is determined whether or not has exceeded. Here, if it is still within this determination time (AL-Time> 0), then in step 222, the perforation count number becomes 3
If it is smaller than 9, the delay processing Delay in step 201
Branch to 128. The count number 39 corresponds to the number of perforations corresponding to the number of frames of the film fed by auto-loading (the count number is twice as large as the count number is both edges of the perforation).

That is, the number of perforations of one frame is 8 (the number of counts in the perforation counter is 16), and the count number 39 corresponds to two and a half frames.
In the auto-loading operation for feeding three and a half frames of film, the feeding of one subsequent frame of film is controlled in a later-described process WIND-1.

If the (B) and (PR-AD) are the same and the auto-loading operation failure judging time elapses and the auto-loading operation failure is recognized, the process proceeds from step 218. Step 219
Then, the fault variable TPP-F that makes the auto-loading operation fault is set to "1", and in step 220, the stop processing M of the motor driven for film feeding is stopped.
1 BRK is executed.

On the other hand, when the auto-loading operation is normally performed, if it is determined in step 203 that a film having a fixed number of perforations has been sent, in step 204, the DA converter 11 sends the comparator 1
A Divide-Rank processing of a frequency series for determining the above-mentioned comparison level output to 2 is performed.

Processing Divide in Step 204
-Rank is shown in FIG. Processing Divide-Rank
Is started from step 271.

At step 271, the array variable HIS
T [B] is incremented, and the process proceeds to step 272. In step 272, the variable SUM is incremented, and the process Divide-Rank is terminated and returned.
Proceed to step 205.

That is, the value obtained by AD conversion is 0 to 1
5 corresponds to any one of the 16 gradations, the AD-converted value is, for example, the third gradation (HIST).
If it corresponds to [3]), a process of measuring and adding this is performed.

Next, in step 205, it is determined whether or not the film is moving. If the auto-loading is normally performed and a sufficient time has passed, the sampling is performed several times. B) and (PR-A
Since the value of D) is different, the process proceeds to step 206 and A
The D-converted current value (B) and the previous value are (PR-A
A comparison with D) is made. That is, if the current value (B) is larger than the previous value, it can be said that the output waveform of the photoelectric conversion signal tends to rise, and in this case, the variable FLG-UP is set to “1” (step 20
7) In the opposite case, in step 208, the variable FLG
A process for setting UP to "0" is performed, and is used as a determination element for determining whether perforation is moving away or approaching.

When step 207 or step 208 is completed, in step 209, the variable PR-AD is updated and the register B is substituted, and the flow advances to step 210.

In step 210, the variable FLG-U
The value of P is determined. If the value is not equal to the variable APO-UP, the flow branches to step 223; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step 211.

That is, for example, when it is determined in step 207 that there is a rising tendency, the variable APO-UP = 0 is initially set.
Then, if it is determined in step 208 that there is a tendency to fall, the process proceeds to step 211. In addition, first, whether the variable FLG-UP becomes “1”,
Since it is completely unknown whether it becomes "0", it is assumed that the processing after the first step 211 is started when it is determined that the state is falling.

Here, in step 210, the variable FL
If G-UP = “1”, the flow branches to step 223, and
Since the tendency variable count is initially 0, step 2
Then, the process returns to step 201, and this routine is performed until a falling tendency is observed.

If it is determined that there is a falling tendency, the process proceeds from step 210 to step 211, where the tendency variable count is incremented by one, and step 21 is executed.
Proceed to 2.

At step 211, it is determined whether the value of the count register is equal to or exceeds 4 or not.
Here, since it is still 1, the flow branches to step 218 until this value becomes 4, and the steps 222 → 201 → 2
The routine of 10 → 211 is repeated. However, if an irregular value having a different tendency is detected in the middle of this routine due to, for example, a warp of the film, an error may occur if the following value is incremented by one and the following processing is performed. Therefore, the count number of the trend variable is decremented by 1 (steps 223 and 224).

When the value of the trend variable count becomes 4,
Proceeding to step 213, 0 is substituted for the variable count and proceeding to step 214.

Here, steps 206, 207, 208
Whether there is a tendency to rise or a tendency to fall is simply comparing the A / D conversion values before and after, and comparing it with an irregular value even in the case of a tendency to rise as a whole, for example. It is not always right. For this reason, it is determined whether there is a tendency to fall or a tendency to rise within a range of a certain amount of change in the AD conversion signal (in this embodiment, the number of deflection variables count is 4).

In step 214, the variable perfo
Is incremented by one, the perforation is counted, and the routine proceeds to step 215.

At step 215, the variable FLG-U
The value of P is determined.

That is, at the beginning of auto loading,
“0” indicating that the value of the variable FLG-UP tends to fall
Since the increment of the tendency variable count is started from, and after the falling tendency, it can be expected that there is a rising tendency, a process of reversing the expected variable APO-UP is performed in steps 215, 216, and 221. I have. That is, since the value of the variable FLG-UP at the time of first shifting from step 210 to step 211 is “0”, the variable FLG-UP determined in step 215 is determined.
Is “0”, and the expected variable AP in the next process is
The value of O-UP is changed from "0" to "1" this time (step 216). In the subsequent processing, step 2
When the value of the variable FLG-UP at 10 is “1”,
In step 221, the value of the expected variable APO-UP is set to "0".

When the processing in step 216 or step 221 is completed, the value of the variable AL-Time for determining whether auto loading is appropriate or not, or for determining whether or not the film is being fed, is changed to the first "1200".
"00" to "1200" (step 217),
This routine is sequentially repeated until this time elapses (step 218) or until the auto-loading of a predetermined number of frames ends (step 222), and the process proceeds to step 003.

By the above operation, the number of perforations of the film wound up during the auto loading (variable perfo)
÷ 2) count, histogram of signal from photoreflector between 15 to 19 perforations (array variable HIS
T) and the total number of histograms (SUM).

In step 003, the variable TPPF-
The value of F is determined. If the value is not 0, that is, if it is determined that the autoloading is defective, the process branches to step 007 to perform the process NG-AL. If the autoloading operation is normal, the process proceeds to step 004. In the process NG-AL, the motor M1 for driving the film is stopped, the LED of the photoreflector is turned off, a predetermined display indicating that the auto loading has failed is performed, and the program ends.

In step 004, step 204
Processing MI for determining the intermediate value as the comparison level from the histogram obtained by the Divide-Rank
D-DIST is executed.

FIG. 8 shows the processing MID-DIST. The processing MID-DIST is started from step 401. In step 401, the value obtained by dividing the variable SUM by 2 is substituted for the variable Middle, and
Go to 02. The variable Middle represents the center value. In step 402, the value “0” is substituted for the variable “mid-rank”, and the process proceeds to step 403. At step 403, the variable HIST [mid-rank] is obtained from the variable Middle.
Is substituted for the variable Middle, and the routine proceeds to step 404. In step 404, the variable Midd
The value of le is determined. If the value is smaller than 0, the process MID-DIST ends and the process returns to step 005. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step 405. Step 4
At 05, the variable mid-rank is incremented and the process proceeds to step 406. In step 406, the value of the variable Middle is determined, and the value is set to 15 (AD
Since the conversion value is divided into any one of 16 tones from 0 to 15, it is determined whether or not the final level of 15 has been reached.
The IST ends and the process returns to step 005. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step 403. By the above operation, the class (variable mid-rank) including the center value (variable middle) of the histogram can be obtained.

That is, if the total number of AD conversion values divided into 16 gradations from 0 to 15 is, for example, 150, the value obtained by dividing this by 2 is 75. On the other hand, for example, level 0
If the frequency of level 1 is 22, the frequency of level 1 is 22, the frequency of level 2 is 24, and the frequency of level 3 is 18, first, the frequency 20 of level 0 is subtracted from (SUM ÷ 2) 75, The frequency 22 of level 1 is subtracted from 55, the value 24 of level 2 is subtracted from the value 33, and the value 9
From the value 18 of level 3. Here, since the subtraction value is negative, the level 3 is determined as an intermediate value.

At step 005, the film feeding process WIND- at the final stage of the auto-loading operation.
1 is executed. FIG. 9 shows the processing WIND-1, and the processing WIND-1 is started from step 501. In step 501, processing MID-DIST
According to the value of the variable mid-rank obtained in
The data is sent to the converter 11. In step 502,
The value 32 × 1200 is stored in the timer register TIME-NOW.
Is added to the register D, and step 503 is executed.
Proceed to. In step 503, the output CMP of the comparator 12 is determined. If the value is not equal to the variable APO-UP, the flow branches to step 510; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step 504. In step 504, the variable perfo is incremented, and the process proceeds to step 505. In step 505, the signal CMP is determined again. If the value is not equal to 0, the flow branches to step 507; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step 506. Step 5
At 06, the value 1 is substituted for the variable APO-UP, and the routine proceeds to step 508. In step 507, the variable A
The value 0 is substituted for PO-UP, and the process proceeds to step 508.
In step 508, the value of the variable perfo is determined. If the value is smaller than 56, the flow branches to step 502; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step 509. In step 509, the process AG-END is executed, and the process WIND-1 is terminated and returned. In the process AG-END, the motor M1 for driving the film is stopped, the LED of the photoreflector is turned off, and a predetermined display in which the auto loading is completed is performed. At step 510, the value of register D is determined. This value is stored in the timer register TI
If it is larger than ME-NOW, the flow branches to step 503; otherwise, the flow proceeds to step 511. Step 5
At 11, the value 1 is substituted for the variable TPPF-F, and the process WIND-1 is terminated and returned.

In the above-mentioned processing WIND-1, after the film is fed by two and a half frames, the film is changed to the AD converter 10 and the DA converter 1 is turned on.
The perforation based on the comparison level determined from 1 and the analog amount by the comparator 12 are counted, and the film is wound by auto-loading to a predetermined count.

That is, since one frame of the film corresponds to eight perforations, and the auto-loading feeds three and a half frames of the film, (8 × 3.5) × 2 (to detect both edges of the perforation) Counting the number of perforations = 56
Stop auto loading, but already processing Per
In fo-Cnt, feeding control of two and a half frames is performed.
When the feeding of the thirteenth frame is completed, the operation of the auto loading is completed.

Therefore, the film portion which becomes the first frame of the photographing by feeding the last frame of the auto loading is controlled in the same state as the film feeding for the subsequent photographing, so that the distance between the photographing frames is fixed. The first and second sheets can be prevented from being too far apart, or not being properly positioned at the display position of the number of film frames displayed on the film itself and overlapping. .

That is, the detection of the feeding state of two and a half frames of the film is based on digital information to the last.
During this time, the comparison level has not been determined yet. Therefore, if the third frame is fed further using digital values, the stop position of the film does not match the actual perforation position, and when the film is developed, Therefore, the photographing frame does not come to a position corresponding to the number of the number of frames of the film displayed on the film. However, since the last operation of the auto loading is controlled by counting the actual perforations, such a situation is prevented.

If the output CMP signal of the comparator 12 is different from the expected variable APO-UP, it is determined that the film is being fed normally, and the perforation is counted. It is determined whether or not the loading is defective, and the perforation is counted by one until the output CMP signal of the comparator 12 changes during the time D. If the film feeding is normally performed, the next CM of the comparator 12
Since the P signal should be opposite to the previous value, in steps 505, 506 and 507, the expected variable APO-
A process of replacing the value of UP is performed.

If the output CMP signal of the comparator 12 does not change within the predetermined time, the value 1 is substituted for the variable TPPF-F, and the process NG-AL is executed.

When the above process WIND-1 is completed, in step 006, the value of the variable TPPF-F is determined. If the value is not 0, step 007
Then, the program NG-AL is executed and the program is terminated, and if not, the program is terminated and the apparatus enters a photographing standby state.

In the process NG-AL, the motor M1 for driving the film is stopped, the LED of the photoreflector is turned off, a predetermined display indicating that the auto-loading has failed is performed, and the program ends.

Although the photoreflector is used in the above embodiment, a transmissive photointerrupter may be used.

[0091]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least the detection of the final perforation of the auto loading uses the comparison level determined at the time of the auto loading.
Since the interval between the first and second frames is not too wide, the screen interval for all frames can be kept constant, and the number of frames displayed on the film itself can be reduced. It is possible to prevent the numbers from overlapping. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the auto loader
Level determined by the output of the photoelectric conversion signal during tuning
The perforations are counted using
Precise performance in film feeding
Can be counted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a camera according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an auto-loading operation.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an auto-loading initialization process.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of processing Perfo-Cnt.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a delay process.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a digital conversion process.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of processing of a frequency series.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of processing MID-DIST.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a film winding process.

FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a camera.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 microcomputer 2 lens control circuit 3 liquid crystal display circuit 4 switch sense circuit 5 strobe light emission control circuit 6 focus detection unit 7 photometry circuit 8 shutter control circuit 9 motor driver 10 AD converter 11 ... DA converter 12 ... Comparator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G03B 17/00 G03B 1/22

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A film of the perforations between them the film portions and the optical signal output means for outputting the photoelectrically converted signal based on the characteristic difference, the photoelectric conversion signals a predetermined comparison level output from said signal output means a signal comparing means for outputting a comparison signal by comparing with, and control means for controlling the feed of the film on the basis of the comparison signal from the signal comparing means, control means autoloading operation off Irumu camera based on the photoelectric conversion signal to determine <br/> constant the comparison level in, using the determined comparison level, characterized by the TURMERIC line detection of the last perforation in at least the automatic loading operation . 2. The perforation of the film and its interval
Photoelectric conversion signal based on the optical characteristic difference from the film
Signal output means for outputting a signal, and output from the signal output means.
Compares the converted photoelectric conversion signal with a predetermined comparison level.
Signal comparing means for outputting a signal;
Control means for controlling the film feed based on the comparison signal
And a control means for controlling the automatic loading of the film.
Determination of the comparison level based on the photoelectric conversion signal during the scanning operation.
A camera characterized in that the setting is performed.