JP2824219B2 - Building materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building material comprising a composite material having a water absorbing and releasing property and a sustained releasing property such as a fungicide.

[0002]

Conventionally, as a building material, mainly wood,
Alternatively, a plywood as a plywood, a so-called foamed concrete wall material made of cement, or a synthetic resin wall material made of polyvinyl chloride resin or polyethylene resin is commercially available. Further, a material obtained by applying a coating or the like on a metal material, a material obtained by surface-treating an aluminum plate, and the like are often used. Although wood provides an excellent living environment, it is subject to severe decay and discoloration, and its life is short when used as an outer wall material or for a part around water. Although the plywood is convenient for obtaining a large area at low cost, there is a problem that the plywood is severely discolored when used for a long time and peels off when exposed to wind and rain. Cement has extremely excellent properties as a structural material, but is poor in air permeability. In particular, it is said that dew forms due to heating of a room or the like, particularly in winter, and becomes a hotbed of mold and mites as described later. Synthetic resin wall materials have little air permeability and are said to be very dangerous materials against fire. Although it is said that metal materials are safe against fires because they do not generate toxic gases, dew condensation in winter is not different from that of cement materials.

[0003] The present invention solves these problems, and provides a building material that has a water or air distribution equal to or higher than that of wood, and that has both the weight reduction equivalent to aluminum building materials and the design of tiles and the like. The purpose is to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a building material capable of adsorbing an antifungal agent and the like and gradually releasing the same with time.

[0005]

The present inventors have intensively studied composite materials, and as a result, produced a resin composite material in which zeolite powder or fine particles were mixed, and used this composite material to construct building materials. completed. That is, the present invention relates to zeolite powder
Provided is a building material formed from a composite material comprising a thermoplastic resin.

The zeolite used in the present invention includes:
Zeolites mainly produced from the northern part of the Tohoku and Kanto regions are preferred. On the other hand, a thermoplastic resin is preferable as the resin. Among the thermoplastic resins, polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, polystyrene resin, etc. are preferably used, but other resins may be used, and further, ABS which is a powdery vinyl chloride resin or a copolymer resin at room temperature may be used. It may be a resin or the like.

A building material having a desired shape is formed from a kneaded material of zeolite powder and resin. As a molding method, vacuum molding, air pressure molding or the like after injection molding or roll molding is preferably used, but of course, other methods may be used.

The composite material as a building material of the present invention preferably contains 32 to 77% by weight of zeolite , particularly preferably 35 to 64% by weight, and the remainder is a resin component. Zeora
When the content of the silica exceeds 77% by weight, zeolite is likely to fall off from the surface of the composite material, and it is difficult to obtain a molded product having sufficient strength. When the content of zeolite is 31% by weight or less, the moisture absorbing / releasing properties and the sustained release properties are reduced. This is considered to be because the zeolite is embedded in the resin and the water absorption / release characteristics of the zeolite are lost. The building material of the present invention, which is composed of a composite material in which the content of zeolite is appropriately formulated, is not only excellent in water absorption, release and sustained release, but also excellent in air conduction and lightweight. Excellent transportability.

The composite material may naturally contain a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and the like which are generally added to the resin, and various reinforcing fibers of organic and inorganic materials for reinforcement. Or whiskers may be included.

[0010]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

Example 1 Approximately 4 kg of a mordenite zeolite (Zeolite No. 1424, manufactured by Shin-Tohoku Chemical Co., Ltd., manufactured by Aiko, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture)
Place in a stainless steel vat and dry at 160 ° C
After drying for 48 hours, the mixture was naturally cooled to 80 ° C., and immediately stored in a wide-mouth bottle made of polypropylene. 77.
0 g was collected in a polypropylene beaker, and 2 parts of polypropylene resin (PP; MK-852, manufactured by Showa Denko KK) were added.
After adding 3.0 g and stirring gently, the mixture was put on a mixing roll (NS-200, manufactured by Nishimura Koki Co., Ltd.) adjusted to 210 ° C., and sufficiently mixed for 7 minutes while stirring with a stainless steel spatula. Take this out and paste 15cm x 15cm
× zeolite / polypropylene sandwiched between stainless steel plates with a hole of 0.2 cm depth, compressed at 120 kg / cm ² with a compressor (Model 210 manufactured by Yamaguchi Kikai Co., Ltd.) preliminarily adjusted to 210 ° C., taken out and cooled and solidified The resin composite was taken out. The zeolite content at this time is 77% by weight. Regarding the appearance state, ○ indicates that sufficient strength is maintained, Δ indicates sufficient strength, but the fluidity is low and molding is difficult, ×
Is not moldable, and the results are shown in Table 1. Further, if the zeolite is completely covered with the resin, the moisture absorption / desorption property may be lost. As a result of observing the resin state, A: no gloss of the resin, B: zeolite even if the resin has a gloss The state of C: a state in which the zeolite particles are completely embedded in the resin, where there is a gap between the particles, was observed. This composite is called A-77.

Example 2 From 76% to 32% by weight of zeolite,
A composite material was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition was changed every 2% by weight. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 A composite material containing 78 and 80% by weight of zeolite was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. When the zeolite content was 78% by weight or more, the zeolite powder could not be sufficiently kneaded with the resin, the obtained composite material was brittle, and the zeolite powder was also separated from the surface.

Comparative Example 2 A composite material containing 31 and 30% by weight of zeolite was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. If the zeolite content is low and the resin content is high, the zeolite is covered with the resin, which is not preferable.

[0015]

[Table 1]

Example 3 In Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, a mordenite-type zeolite was used as a clinoptilolite-type zeolite (Zeolite Z-12, manufactured by Zikulite Industry Co., Ltd., Itaya, Yamagata Prefecture). A composite material was produced in exactly the same manner except that the composition was changed to. The results are shown in Table 1. This composite material is
Called -77.

The results in Table 1 show that the zeolite content is from 32 to
This indicates that the range of 77% by weight is preferable, and that the properties of the composite are not affected by the source of the zeolite.

Example 4 77% by weight of the mordenite zeolite prepared in Example 1
The content and the product containing 77% by weight of the clinoptilolite-based zeolite prepared in Example 3 were dried at 60 ° C. for 48 hours, and after determining the weight, the temperature and humidity were set at 23 ° C. and 90% RH. (CHF-S type manufactured by Vessel Co., Ltd.), and weighed at regular intervals by an electronic balance (METLER BD 1201 manufactured by Nippon Siber Hegner Co., Ltd.) at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 90% RH. The water adsorption was measured. The increase was determined as a percentage based on the dried zeolite / polypropylene composite. Also,
The time is calculated in minutes, and the result is described in FIG. 1 as a logarithm. FIG. 1 shows that the composite according to the invention is a building material with sufficient hygroscopicity.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 A commercially available cedar board material is cut with a saw, roughly 5c.
The size was about mx 7 cm x thickness 1 cm. This was changed to the zeolite composite material of Example 1 and the amount of water absorbed was measured. As a result, a slight amount of water was absorbed. The results are shown in FIG.

Comparative Example 4 A plywood (wooden wall material, Ace E type pastel white, manufactured by Matsushita Electric Works Co., Ltd.), which is commercially available, is roughly 5
The sample was cut into a size of cm × 7 cm × 0.4 cm in thickness with a saw, and the absorption of water was measured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3. The results are shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 1, almost no moisture was absorbed, probably because the surface was printed with a resin layer.

Example 5 A 77% by weight zeolite / polypropylene resin composite material (using clinoptilolite and mordenite zeolite) prepared in Examples 1 and 3 was weighed, and 300 ml was measured.
Was immersed in a glass beaker containing pure water. The water temperature at this time was 19 ° C. The test piece was taken out, wiped with a filter paper, and allowed to stand at room temperature within 23 ° C. for 30 minutes. After the weight measurement, the sample was left in a thermo-hygrostat (CHF-S type manufactured by Vessel Co., Ltd.) adjusted to a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 50% RH, and the weight was measured at each time. Further, the amount by which water was released based on the dried test piece was determined as a moisture release amount in weight%. The results are shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the zeolite composite material has a water content of 28-35.
%, And has the function of releasing the absorbed water little by little. In FIG. 2, the time is set to minutes and the logarithm of common use is set as in FIG. 1.

Comparative Examples 5 to 6 The cedar board and decorative plywood test pieces used in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were measured for water absorption and release in exactly the same manner as in Example 5, and as a result, the water release of the cedar board was determined. The amount was about one-fourth to one-sixth that of the zeolite composite, and there was almost no water absorption or release for decorative plywood. The results are shown in FIG.

Example 6 500 litters in a 1 liter glass beaker at room temperature 23 ° C.
Then, 100 ml of salt (available from Nippon Tobacco Inc., manufactured by Shin Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd., sodium chloride 99% or more) was added, stirred for 10 minutes with a glass rod, and allowed to stand for 24 hours. Further, the salt remaining at the bottom was dissolved by stirring. One hour later, after confirming undissolved salt at the bottom of the beaker, 400 ml of the supernatant was transferred to a new 1-liter glass beaker, and this was used as a saturated saline solution. 77%, 70%, 60%, 50%, and 40% by weight of the zeolite content among the zeolite / polypropylene resin composites prepared in Examples 1 and 2.
5 types were selected, and immersed in this saturated saline solution.
After leaving it for 4 hours, it was pulled up, the surface was wiped with filter paper, and then left in the room for 30 minutes. In a clean beaker, 300 ml of pure water (Kyoei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., distilled water, purified water of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia) is collected, and a piece of the composite material after immersion in saturated saline is immersed, and the pure water is stirred with a glass rod for 5 minutes. A test piece was taken out from pure water. Take 3-5 ml of this pure water into a clean 20 ml test tube, add a few drops of a 5% silver nitrate aqueous solution, and use the sodium chloride absorbed by the composite material as it becomes cloudy when silver chloride is formed by chloride ions and silver ions. Was released in pure water. The composite material further extracted from the pure water was immersed in new pure water, and the same operation was repeated until the chloride ions in sodium chloride were no longer detected by silver nitrate. The results are shown in Table 2. The silver nitrate used was a reagent grade manufactured by Kanto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. As legends in Table 2, ◎ indicates strong turbidity, は indicates the degree of milk or less of rice juice, Δ indicates criterion of rice or less, and x indicates that no turbidity occurs.

As can be seen from Table 2, sodium chloride is released even when the pure water is exchanged up to 22 times.
Therefore, it was found that the compound had excellent sustained release properties.

Comparative Examples 7 and 8 The same procedure as in Example 6 was carried out except that a commercially available cedar board was cut into a sample of approximately 5 cm × 7 cm × 1 cm and changed to a sample. (Comparative Example 7) Further, a decorative plywood was cut out in the same manner, and the same operation as in Example 6 was performed. (Comparative Example 8) The results are shown in Table 2. Cedar board material showed a slight sustained-release property but was not sufficient, and decorative plywood did not show any sustained-release property.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 9 The two composite materials of 31% by weight and 30% by weight of the zeolite prepared in Comparative Example 2 were subjected to a sustained release test in exactly the same manner as in Example 6. The results are also shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, when the resin content increases and the zeolite decreases, it is considered that the reason is that the zeolite particles are covered with the resin, and the sustained-release property is almost lost.

[0027]

[Table 2]

Example 7 5 having the same zeolite content as used in Example 6
New specimens were made for the various composites.

On the other hand, 490 was placed in a clean 1 liter beaker.
g of pure water was collected, 10 g of copper sulfate (reagent grade 1 manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added as a fungicide, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved with a glass rod to obtain a 2% copper sulfate solution. This solution was light blue and transparent. Further, a 5% aqueous solution of barium chloride (special grade reagent, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as an indicator for detecting copper sulfate.
ml was made. Instead of the saturated saline solution in Example 6,
An experiment on the sustained release of copper sulfate was conducted in exactly the same manner except that an aqueous solution of copper sulfate was used and an aqueous solution of barium chloride was used instead of the aqueous solution of silver nitrate. Incidentally, copper detection ^{_{CuSO 4 → Cu 2+ + SO 4}} 2- ··· (1) formula BaCl ₂ → Ba ²⁺ + 2Cl sulfate ^- ... (2) ^{_{Ba 2+ + SO 4 2- → BaSO}} 4 ↓ · ··· (3) The formula (3) is used in the reaction formula, and the production of barium sulfate does not dissolve in water in water and utilizes cloudy precipitation. The results are shown in Table 3 for each test piece.

As can be seen from Table 3, the composite material shows an extremely excellent sustained release of the fungicide.

Comparative Examples 10 to 11 Test pieces were cut out in the same manner from the cedar board material and decorative plywood used in Comparative Examples 7 and 8, and the test was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 7.
The results are also shown in Table 3.

As can be seen from Table 3, the cedar board material has little sustained release of the antifungal material, and the sustained release property of the decorative plywood was hardly observed.

Comparative Example 12 A test piece was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, and the same operation as in Example 7 was performed. The results are also shown in Table 3. In this case, a favorable sustained-release property could not be obtained because of a large amount of resin.

[0034]

[Table 3]

Example 8 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the polypropylene resin was changed to a polystyrene resin (GP Polystyrene 2V-62F, manufactured by Showa Denko KK). The specific gravities of the polypropylene resin and the polystyrene resin are slightly different. The specific gravity of the polypropylene resin is 0.98 g / cm ³ , and the specific gravity of the polystyrene resin is 1.05 g / cm ^3. Were weighed in predetermined amounts, and the measurement was carried out with a zeolite content of 77% by weight and a polystyrene resin of 23% by weight.

This composite material had sufficient air permeability and strength, and could be molded by compression molding.

[0037]

Industrial Applicability The building material of the present invention is excellent in water and air circulation, can prevent the generation of mold, and can provide a favorable environment for a residential environment. Further, it has excellent sustained release properties, and once the fungicide is once adsorbed, it can be gradually released little by little, and the effect of the fungicide can be maintained for a long time. Furthermore, molding is easy, it is difficult to ignite against fire, and the design is also excellent, and it is relatively lightweight and can be cut by handling and sawing.
Further, nailing or the like is also possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the water adsorbability of samples of Example 4 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 3 and 4.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the water adsorbability of samples of Example 5 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 5 to 6.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C04B 38/00 301 B29C 43/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A building material formed from a composite consisting essentially of 32 to 77 % by weight of zeolite and 23 to 68% by weight of a thermoplastic resin.