JP2806644B2 - Method of forming annular edge surrounding opening and annular edge forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

After having machined a spot facing (4), the bottom of this spot facing is pushed back by means of rollers (31) driven in an orbital movement, the angle which the attack surface of the rollers forms with the axis (Y-Y) of the opening (2) being progressively reduced in step with the advance of the roller carrier (28). <??>Application to the formation of connection lips around openings of a vessel shell ring (course) of a nuclear reactor. <IMAGE>

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an opening which penetrates a wall, in particular, an opening of a cylindrical body, and a thickness of an annular edge to be formed is relatively smaller than a thickness of the wall. An opening in the wall having a reduced thickness, the opening being of the type machined with countersinks on the opposite side of the annular edge to be formed, an annular edge surrounding this opening The present invention relates to a method for molding (3) and a molding apparatus therefor, and more particularly to a metal molding method and a molding apparatus in which the surface of the counterbore is axially recessed by a die on the side opposite to the counterbore.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In certain fields, it is required that a structure having a large thickness be provided with at least one opening having an annular edge projecting around itself. This is especially the case when a certain number of conduits has to be connected to the body, such as in the case of a reactor vessel body.

[0003] In fact, these conduits are connected by welding to the ends of an annular edge formed in said opening, which is advantageously replaced by a pre-fixed standby nozzle. For example, FR-A-2,517,
575.

[0004]

However, the latest technology for forming an annular edge of the type described above is based on the principle of punching (for example, FR-A-1,1).
98,440) As a practical matter, the forming method is not satisfactory.

In fact, in the conventional edge forming method based on such a punching principle, the inner diameter of the connecting annular edge is large, and its size is in a range required for forming a large projection in the opening. It is size.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective and economical method, while maintaining the geometry of the opening (hole) resembling a cylinder, while maintaining a relatively small thickness with respect to the wall of the barrel (see above). The thickness of the edge is to allow the formation of an annular edge which is typically half the thickness of the wall or less. This is to make the cross section of the metal obtained by the body for reinforcing the opening as large as possible.

[0007]

The subject of the invention is the invention of a method for forming an annular edge of the type described above, characterized in that it is rotatable about its own axis and the opening of the opening. A forming method performed by an annular edge forming device having at least one roller orbiting with respect to an axis, and an angle formed between an axis of the roller and a forming surface of the roller is at least a roller. Is characterized in that it is configured to gradually reduce as the step of moving forward.

Another feature of the molding method is that the angle-reducing deformation can be obtained by reducing the angle formed by the axis of the opening and the axis of the roller, or by the convex contour of the roller. Is what you get.

Furthermore, a feature of the forming method according to the present invention is that a large number of rollers regularly arranged with respect to the axis of the opening simultaneously act to form an annular edge.

[0010] The subject of the present invention is also an apparatus intended for performing the molding method. This device is characterized by having the following configuration. That is, a roller holder equipped with a displacement means for displacing along its own axis, at least one roller provided rotatably with respect to an axis eccentric by the roller holder, and an axis of the roller holder And a displacement means for displacing the inclination angle of the axis of the roller with respect to the axis of the roller holder.

In the apparatus of the present invention, a receiving die (13) is provided at a position facing the roller holder, and a contour of the receiving die is formed so as to match an outer contour of the annular edge. It is a feature.

In particular, it is preferred that the roller is provided with a barrel profile or various conical profiles.

Further, the roller is provided so as to be rotatable about its own axis, and the roller holder is provided with a driving means rotatably driven about its own axis. is there.

Further, a large number of the rollers are regularly arranged with respect to the axis of the roller holder, and the axes of all the rollers have the same inclination angle with respect to this axis. is there.

In the case where an annular edge is formed on the body, a plurality of rollers for supporting the body vertically with respect to the axis,
It is advantageous to provide the molding apparatus of the present invention and arrange these rollers on the circumference along the axis in the radial direction of the body. In this case, the operation of the torso between the preheating / heating position and the machine-making position can be changed by simply rotating the torso on the rollers, so that no traveling crane is required. It can be done quickly and easily.

[0016]

According to the invention, a wall opening of the type machined with a counterbore on the opposite side of the annular edge to be formed is caused to orbit the rollers of the annular edge forming device from the side of the counterbore. While being dented by the roller, the countersink is crushed and an annular edge surrounding the opening is formed around the opening on the wall surface opposite to the countersink. Further, when the roller is advanced, the angle formed between the axis of the roller and the forming surface of the roller gradually decreases as the roller advances, so that the opening is directed toward the annular edge. It becomes a tapered shape that shrinks.

[0017]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view showing the left half of a cylindrical body 1 with respect to a vertical axis XX, and a body along an axis YY perpendicular to the axis XX. , At least one circular opening 2 is formed.

The inner surface of the opening is tapered so as to slightly converge toward the outer surface of the body 1. Further, the body 1 has a large thickness,
It forms the part of the reactor vessel.

On the other hand, the circular annular edge 3 is
Is formed so as to protrude toward the outside of the body portion 1 around the periphery. The annular rim 3 is formed for the purpose of being connected to an end of an external duct having the same diameter (not shown) by welding.

The method of mechanically manufacturing the annular edge 3 is performed in three steps as shown in FIGS.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface is finished so as to form a circular blank portion having a diameter b around the opening 2 thus obtained. A countersunk hole 4 is formed at a depth of c which is half the thickness a of the part 1 (see FIG. 3).

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, when the portion of the countersunk hole 4 is extruded so as to project the annular edge portion 3, the annular edge portion 3 extends along the axis YY from the outer surface of the body portion 1. It is protruded in a state where it is protruded by the distance d. The thickness e in the radial direction of the annular edge 3 is set to have the size corresponding to the diameter f of the opening entrance.

Incidentally, the annular edge connected to the conduit of the main circuit of the pressurized water connected to the nuclear reactor is formed when the inner surface of the opening 2 is converged according to an angle of 6 ° with respect to the axis YY. The thickness a of the body 1, the depth c of the counterbore 4, the projection length d of the annular edge 3, the thickness e of the annular edge 3, the diameter f of the opening entrance, and the like are approximated as follows. Value.

That is, a = 300 mm, c = 150 m
m, d = 100 mm to 120 mm, e = 100 mm,
f = 700 mm.

Next, the step of extruding the annular edge portion 3 (forming step) will be described more specifically with reference to FIGS.

An apparatus for performing the extrusion operation (forming operation) of the annular edge portion 3 includes a body support portion 5 that supports the body 1 from the bottom surface, and a body support portion 5 that is arranged outside the body 1 and is used for forming the countersunk hole 4. A support block 6 for supporting the body 1, a polishing mechanism 7 for processing the surface of the countersink 4, and a heating means 8 for the body 1 are provided.

The torso supporting portion 5 is constituted by a base 9 having four rollers 10 provided at equal intervals along a circle C concentric with the torso 1, and each of the rollers 10 has a cylindrical shape. And is attached to the base 9 along the axis in the radial direction of the body 1. And
The upper generatrix of the roller 10 is located slightly above the upper surface of the base 9.

The support block 6 is located outside the circle C and between the rollers 10. The surface 11 of the support block 6 facing the body 1 is
A circle C corresponding to the outer shape of the body 1 located on the rollers 10
(See FIG. 6). A cylindrical space 12 (see FIG. 5) is formed on the curved surface 11 along an axis that coincides with the axis YY so as to eliminate interference of the polishing mechanism 7 during a molding operation described later. Is considered. In addition, around the entrance of the space 12, the space 1
A circular receiving die 13 having a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the edge 3 is attached so as to surround the entrance 2.

The polishing mechanism 7 is disposed completely within the range of the circle C (inside the body 1). The polishing mechanism 7 includes a frame 14, and the frame 14 includes two vertically-standing holding members 15.

The holding member 15 has a columnar cylinder member 16 facing the position facing the circular opening.
It is slidably and rotatably held along its own longitudinal direction along an axis Z-Z coinciding with the second axis.

On the other hand, the frame 14 holds a first electric motor 17.
7 rotates a thrust screw shaft 19 disposed on the frame 14 in parallel to the axis XX via a gear 18. This thrust screw shaft 1
9 moves the vertical plate 21 through the end shoe 20 along the axis Z-Z.
, And freely move in parallel on the cylinder member 16 in parallel with the axis Z-Z. The screw nut system having such a configuration can be replaced by a double-acting hydraulic or pneumatic jack.

The vertical plate 21 also serves as a support member for supporting the second electric motor 22.
Is connected to the cylinder member 16 via the ball bearing 24.
Is pressed toward the support block 6 and the cylinder member 16 is slid.

The second electric motor 22 has a drive pinion 25 and meshes with a pinion 26 integral with the cylinder member 16 to rotate the cylinder member 16 in the circumferential direction. The drive system of the first electric motor 17, the gear 18, and the thrust screw shaft 19 includes:
The polishing mechanism 7 is provided by being regularly arranged along the axis Z-Z.

Next, the cylinder member 16 is formed by a double-acting hydraulic or aerodynamic jack body having a piston 27 therein. A cylindrical roller holder 28 extends outward from the jack body, and the roller holder 28 has an axis Z-Z.
It is mainly composed of three plate members 29 parallel to (see FIG. 7). A ring 30 (see FIGS. 5 and 6) is attached to the distal ends of these three plate bodies 29.

The three rollers 31 have a barrel shape, are disposed between the plate members 29, and are supported by a roller holding member 28.
Has a structure radially protruding from the three plate bodies 29.

The axis 32 of each roller 31 converges toward the outside of the tip of the cylinder member 16 and is located on a generatrix passing through the axis ZZ.
The distal end of the roller 31 on the side of the ring 30 is connected to the ring 30, and the opposite side (proximal side) is connected to a connecting rod 33 converging inward. Each connecting rod 33 is attached to the outside of a sliding plate 34 fixed to the tip of the rod of the piston 27.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described.

To form the annular edge 3 by the polishing mechanism 7, the polishing mechanism 7 is operated. Then, in order to cause the polishing mechanism 7 to execute the following movement (action), the three rollers 31 are operated.

When the first electric motor 17 is operated,
A movement occurs along the axis Z-Z (arrow F1 in FIG. 5). The movement of the cylinder member 16 in the retracting direction and the movement of the roller holding member 28 in the retracting direction are caused by the shoe 20 of the thrust screw shaft 19 hitting the second flange 35 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder member 16. And the second flange 35 interfere with each other and are obtained by the movement of the shoe 20 in the retracting direction.

On the other hand, when the second electric motor 22 is operated, the overall rotational movement of the cylinder member 16 and the orbital movement of the rollers 31 occur, and the three rollers 31 move along the axis FZ in FIG. Rotate according to Then, when each of the rollers 31 presses against the body 1, each of the rollers starts rotating with respect to its own axis 32 (see arrow F3 in FIG. 7).

Here, the jack mechanism (cylinder member 1)
6) When the first electric motor 17) is operated, the inclination angle x (see FIG. 5) of the axis 32 of the roller is
It changes corresponding to the 8 axis Z-Z.

The heating device 8 (see FIG. 6) is movable along the body 1, and is mainly composed of an inner convex portion 36 and an outer concave portion 37. The heating device 8 may be an electric heating method or a gas burner.

In the above operation, the position of the cylinder 16 in the retracted position (the position on the right side in FIGS. 5 and 6),
In the position where the piston 27 is extended (the position where the angle X is the maximum), the heating means 8 is retracted, and the body 1 is moved in the position perpendicular to the axis XX by the four rollers 10.
Is placed on the FIG. 6 shows two openings in the body 1, and each opening 2 is provided with a countersunk hole 4 in FIG.

On the other hand, the heating means 8 is conveyed to a position facing one of the two openings, preheats the periphery of the opening until it is about 500 °, and reaches a temperature at which the annular edge 3 is extruded. Heat it. The extrusion temperature is 950 ° ~ 12
Within the range of 00 °.

Thereafter, the heating means 8 moves, and the body 1
The roller 10 is rotated on the roller 10 until it coincides with the axis YY of the opening 2, and the axis ZZ of the die 13 and the cylinder 16 is rotated.
The heated annular edge is located at a position along.

The first extrusion step is 100 to 10
Implemented by a thrust load along the axis ZZ of 00 tons (metric). This thrust is applied to the electric motor 1
7 and by means of the cylinder member 16 and the roller holder 28 rotating along its own axis by means of the driving means of the second electric motor 22.

At the start of the thrust movement, the piston 27 extends to open the angle x to the maximum angle, as will be described later.

This angle is reduced by the movement of the piston in the withdrawal direction while the step of pushing out the annular edge portion 3 proceeds. And at this time, each roller 31 is constantly formed by the formation of the smallest possible angle,
Continue to apply an impact so as to push out the annular edge 3.

The forming angle of this roller is composed of the angle of the inclination angle x and the angle formed by the tangent of the contact position surface of the roller 31 and the axis 32 of the roller 31 when the roller 31 forms the roller. Stipulated. The forming angle also varies depending on the advance of the roller holder 28 or the form of the roller 31 having the barrel shape.

Many of the successive steps are performed during machine fabrication when the temperature of the opening drops to a predetermined low value. Also, the trunk 1 is rotated,
The heating means 8 changes the heating position and executes the next heating step.

According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain the annular edge portion 3 in which the continuity of the strength of the metal of the body is ensured. In particular, a foreign portion at the center of the thickness of the body 1 is not opened by the hole. This is advantageous for the operation of the whole machine.

Further, the conduit connected by welding to the body can be connected by the annular edge 3. This is also advantageous from the viewpoint of distortion generated in the trunk.

During the last molding step, the heating means 8 is moved to a position facing another opening 2 to be molded as shown in FIG. This helps to reduce the total manufacturing time for forming the opening 2 in the body.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. As another mode, a roller 31 having a contour of a different shape (for example, a conical type which converges outward (for example, Roller 31 of the frusto-conical mold)
It can be used in place of a barrel roller.

In this case, the forming angle of the roller 31 with respect to the annular edge depends only on the inclination angle x of the axis of the roller 31.

[0057]

As described above, the present invention is implemented by an annular edge forming apparatus provided with at least one roller rotatable about its own axis and orbiting about the axis of the opening. A method for forming an annular edge surrounding an opening, wherein an angle formed between a shaft of the roller and a forming surface of the roller is configured to be gradually reduced at least in a step of advancing the roller. A relatively small thickness with respect to the wall economically and effectively (the thickness of the edge is typically less than or equal to half the thickness of the wall) ) Can be formed, and the annular edge can be advantageously formed also from the viewpoint of distortion generated in the body when the annular edge is formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a body machined according to the present invention taken along an axis.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial aspect of an opening shown for explaining one step in mechanically manufacturing an annular edge.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial aspect of an opening shown for explaining one step of mechanically manufacturing the annular edge.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial aspect of the opening shown for explaining one step of mechanically manufacturing the annular edge.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the annular edge forming device according to the present invention along a vertical cross section.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a part of the annular edge forming device shown in FIG. 5 which is cut away.

7 is a sectional view taken in the direction of arrow V in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 body 2 opening 3 annular edge 4 countersink 5 body support 6 support block 7 polishing mechanism 8 heating means 9 base 10 roller 13 receiving die 16 cylinder member 19 thrust screw shaft 30 ring 31 roller

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. Penetration through a wall, in particular a cylindrical body (1)
Opening (2) to be formed, the annular edge to be formed
A countersink is machined around the opening on the opposite side of (3).
Around the type of opening, relative to the wall thickness
For forming an annular edge (3) with a relatively small thickness
A method, a metal that forms the bottom of said further hole, the rotary shaft (32) around
And the axis of the opening (X-
X) at least driven to orbit around
With one roller (3), on the opposite side of the countersink
A method that can be depressed axially with respect to the die to be placed
Te, before the Hekomase work after machining of said further hole, the open
The area of the mouth is heated, and the forming surface of the roller is aligned with the axis (XX) of the opening.
At least during the roller advance process
The roller (31) rotates
Angle formed by an axis with the axis (XX) of the opening
A molding method characterized by reducing (x). 2. A plurality of continuous heating and denting operations
2. The cycle according to claim 1, wherein
Molding method. 3. Around the axis (XX) of the opening (2).
Rollers (31) regularly distributed in the
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation is performed simultaneously.
Molding method. 4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the depth of the counterbore is less than the thickness of the wall.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the half is substantially half.
Shape method. 5. The annular edge has at its free end:
It has a thickness (e) that is one third of the thickness (a) of the wall body
The molding method according to claim 1, wherein: 6. Penetration through a wall, in particular a cylindrical body (1).
Opening (2) to be formed, the annular edge to be formed
A countersink is machined around the opening on the opposite side of (3).
Around the type of opening, relative to the wall thickness
Device for forming an annular edge (3) having a relatively small thickness
A location, a heating means (8) for heating the region of the opening, means for displacing along its own axis (Z-Z)
A roller holder (28) equipped with (17-19) and a rotating shaft (3 ) eccentric by the roller holder.
2) at least one rotatably mounted around
Roller (31) and roller around the axis (ZZ ) of the roller holder
A drive means (22, 25) for orbiting, and a roller with respect to an axis (ZZ ) of the roller holder.
For changing the inclination angle (x) of the rotation axis (32)
An annular rim, characterized in that it comprises changing means (27).
Part forming equipment. 7. The annular edge forming apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein a receiving die (13) is provided at a position facing the roller holder (28), and the contour of the receiving die is the edge (3). An annular edge forming device characterized in that it is formed so as to conform to an outer contour of the annular edge portion. 8. The annular edge forming device according to claim 6 , wherein the roller (31) has a barrel profile. 9. The annular edge forming device according to claim 6 , wherein the roller has a conical profile. 10. The annular edge forming apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said roller (31) is provided rotatably with respect to its own rotation shaft (32) , and furthermore, said roller holder (2)
8) An apparatus for forming an annular edge portion, comprising driving means (22, 25) rotatably driven about its own axis (ZZ). 11. The annular edge forming device according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of rollers (31) are provided on a roller holder (2).
8) An annular edge characterized in that it is arranged regularly with respect to the axis (ZZ) of (8) and that the rotation axes (32) of all rollers have the same angle of inclination (x) with respect to this axis. Part forming equipment. 12. The annular edge forming apparatus according to claim 6, in order to machine the barrel, a plurality of supporting the vertically torso relative to the axis (X-X) around (10) Prepared,
An annular edge forming apparatus characterized in that these rollers are arranged along the axis in the radial direction of the trunk on the circumference (C).