JP2803446B2 - Milling tool - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a milling tool used for a machine tool such as a machining center provided with an automatic tool changer, and more particularly, to an improved ability to discharge chips generated by cutting a work material. It relates to a milling tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 to FIG.
Fig. 7 shows a conventional milling tool described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-No.

The tool body 20 has a plurality of tips 21... An arbor 22 is attached to the base end side of the tool body 20 and is fixed by bolts 23. The tip 21 is fixed by a wedge member 25 inserted into the concave groove 24 of the tool body 20. The cutting edge 26 of each tip 21 is slightly projected from the outer periphery and the tip of the tool.

The arbor 22 has the tool body 20 connected to a spindle 28 supported by a spindle head 27 of a machine tool. A tapered shank 29 is inserted into the spindle 28, and a pull stud 30 is connected to the base end of the spindle. It is attached to the main shaft 28 by being pulled toward the side. The rotation of the spindle 29 is controlled by a keyway 31 formed in the arbor 22 and a key 32 on the spindle 28 side.
And transmitted to the tool main body 20 via.

[0005] The arbor 22 is formed with a grip 33 which is engaged with a tool changing arm (not shown) of an automatic tool changing device provided in the machine tool. An inner ring of a radial bearing 34 is fixed to the tool tip side of the grip 33 by a nut 35. A cover 36 is attached to the outer ring side of the radial bearing 34. The base end of the cover 36 is fixed to a cap 37 provided on the outer ring of the radial bearing 34 by a bolt 38, so that the axial movement of the cover 36 is restricted with respect to the tool body 20.

[0006] The tip of the cover 36 is the cutting edge 26 of the tool.
Is set at a position where it has escaped upward by a distance L1 that is slightly larger than the cutting depth with respect to the tip of. In addition, an interval of δ is provided between the cover 36 and the cutting blade 26 in order to avoid these interferences and to secure airtightness capable of maintaining a suction force.

[0007] Between the cover 36 and the tool body 20, a chip storage chamber 39, which is an annular space, is defined. The chip storage chamber 39 is connected to an external suction means (not shown) by a discharge pipe 40 provided outside the cover 36. Reference numeral 41 denotes a V-groove provided on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe 40, and reference numeral 42 denotes a partition for separating the chip storage chamber 39 from the radial bearing 34.

At a position facing the rake face 43 of the chip 21, a plate-shaped chip guide member 44 is provided.
This chip guide member 44 is attached to the mounting seat 45 of the tool body 20.
And is fixed by bolts 45, and the surface thereof is substantially flush with the tip end surface of the tool body 20. The outer peripheral side of the chip guide member 44 is shaped so as to substantially close the chip pocket 47 formed in the tool body 20. Further, between the rake face 43 of the chip 21 and the end face 48 of the chip guide member 44, a gap t for guiding the chips to the chip storage chamber 39 is formed. A groove 49 extending from the end face 48 toward the wall surface of the chip pocket 47 is formed on the back surface of the chip guide member 44.
The chip is prevented from clogging through the gap t so that the chip is discharged into the chip pocket 47 without delay.

On the other hand, a plurality of blades 50 are formed on the outer periphery of the tool main body 20. In this embodiment, the blades 50 generate airflow to send out the air at the distal end of the tool main body 20 to the base end. It has become. These wings 50
Are formed by machining a part of the outer periphery of the tool main body 20 by machining, and the shape thereof is such that the shape gradually inclines rearward in the tool rotation direction from the tool distal end side toward the base end side. Is set.

The base end side of the cover 36 is formed in an elliptical shape bulging to the side of the tip end portion.
Is provided with a cover restraining mechanism 52. The cover restraining mechanism 52 includes a guide hole 53 provided in the projecting portion 51 in parallel with the axis of the tool body 20, an engagement shaft 54 slidably inserted into the guide hole 53, It roughly comprises a coil spring 55 for urging the tool 54 toward the base end in the axial direction of the tool, and a stopper 56 extending radially inward of the tool from the engagement shaft 54.

The engagement shaft 54 has a key groove 57 formed in a longitudinal direction on a side surface thereof and is engaged with a tip end portion of a screw 58 screwed into the projection portion 51 and protruding into a guide hole 58. In addition, the rotation is prevented, and the movement in the tool axis direction is restricted within a certain range. In addition, the engagement shaft 5
The tip of 4 is adapted to engage with an engagement hole 60 of an engagement block 59 attached to the spindle head 27 of the machine tool when the arbor 22 is attached to the spindle 28. Further, as shown in FIG.
The engagement groove 6 whose tip is formed on the outer edge of the arbor 22
The tool is extended to a position just below the tool 1 and can be protruded and retracted from the engagement groove 61 with the movement of the engagement shaft 54 in the axial direction at the time of tool change, and the tool rotates at the time of cutting work. It is considered not to interfere with.

Further, a stand 63 is provided on a table 62 which is a base of the machine tool body. A mounting seat 65 is provided on the upper portion of the stand 63, while a bolt 68 is inserted through a T-shaped groove 67 at the bottom of a bolt hole 66 provided at a base end thereof, and a nut 69 is tightened to thereby provide a table. 62 is fixed at a predetermined position.

A coupling 70 is attached to the mounting seat 65 so as to be vertically removable (in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft). One end surface of the coupling 70 is provided with a cylindrical connecting portion 71, and the connecting portion 71 is connected to a discharge hose 72. Also coupling 7
A through-hole 73 is formed inside of the hole 0, and the discharge pipe 40 of the cover 36 is inserted into the other end of the through-hole 73.

A stepped hole 74 is formed in the upper part of the coupling 70. A rod 75 is inserted into the hole 74 and is urged by a spring 76 so as to project into the through hole 73. A set screw 7 is provided in the opening above the hole 74.
7 is screwed to hold the rod 75. When the discharge pipe 40 is inserted into the coupling 70, the tip of the rod 75 is inserted into the V groove 41 on the outer circumference of the discharge pipe 40 to prevent the rod 75 from falling off.
Reference numeral 78 denotes a seal for sealing between the discharge pipe 40 and the coupling 70.

In the above-mentioned milling tool, the position of the spindle head 27 is controlled, and the discharge pipe 40 is inserted into the coupling 70 on the stand 63, connected thereto, and then raised, so that the coupling is raised. 70 is separated from the stand 63, and the coupling 70 and the discharge hose 72 can follow the movement of the tool body 20 and the cover 36. After the work is completed, the spindle head 27 is also moved to put the coupling 70 on the stand 63 from above, and then the discharge pipe 40 is pulled out in the direction of the center axis thereof, whereby the cover 36 is separated from the coupling 70. You.

[0016]

However, the suction-type milling tool having the above-described structure is based on the premise that the spindle head 27 moves in a plane parallel to the base 62, so that multi-axis control is not possible. It cannot be applied to a machining center as it is. For example, in a so-called five-plane machining type (5-axis control type) machining center having a new degree of freedom at the tip of the spindle head 27, a horizontal axis head that rotates about the axis of the spindle head 27 is used. A tool main body 20 is attached to the tip of the horizontal shaft head around an axis perpendicular to the spindle head 27. That is, when the suction type milling tool having the above-described configuration is used for such a machining center, there is a problem that the discharge hose 72 which is a pipe of the chip discharge system cannot follow the movement of the horizontal axis head. The longer the length of the discharge hose 72 is, the less the restriction on the movement and the change of the angle of the tool body 20 is. However, there is a problem that the possibility of interference with the movement of the tool body 20 due to the slack increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is applied to a multi-axis control, particularly to a machine tool having more degrees of freedom with respect to a spindle head so that a chip suction system can follow its movement. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool that can perform such a tool.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a horizontal shaft head supported on a main shaft of a machine tool and rotating around the axis of the main shaft, and a horizontal shaft head supported by the horizontal shaft head. A tool body that rotates about an axis perpendicular to the main axis, a cover that is rotatably mounted on the tool body about the axis thereof, and that forms a closed space between the tool body and the surface to be machined; Connecting means for connecting the closed space to the chip storage unit, the connecting means moving in the circumferential direction of the annular duct provided coaxially around the main shaft. A movable part provided so as to be able to be provided, and a discharge pipe connecting the movable part and the cover to each other. The discharge pipe has an axis directed in a direction parallel to the main axis and one end connected to the cover. And the other end moves The moving portion is axially overlapped with a part of the discharge pipe at one end of the discharge pipe, and is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the discharge pipe toward the radial outside of the discharge pipe. This is a configuration in which a cutout portion having a width is formed.

[0019]

According to the above construction, when the tool main body rotates with respect to the main shaft, the moving portion moves along the annular duct provided coaxially with the main shaft. Also, since the connecting portion has one end connected to the cover and the other end connected to the moving portion,
When the tool body tries to move around the main axis of the machine tool, it can follow this. Further, since a notch directed radially outward is provided in the moving portion, the tip of the discharge pipe is attached through the notch when attaching or removing a tool in the axial direction of the horizontal shaft head. It enters the moving member or is removed from the moving member.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the drawings, the same parts as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description will be simplified. First, a schematic configuration of a machine tool to which the tool of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral 100 denotes a gate-shaped frame. A movable head 102 is movably supported by the gate-shaped frame 100. A main shaft (not shown) is provided in a main shaft main body 104 supported by the moving head 102 so as to be vertically movable and rotatable, and is attached to and detached from the lower end of the main shaft in the direction of the axis C1 with respect to the main shaft. Possible horizontal axis head 1
06 is attached. A cutting tool 108 is attached to the tip of the horizontal shaft head 106 as shown in FIG. The axis C2 of the horizontal shaft head 106 and the milling tool 108 is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the axis C1 of the main spindle body 104.

The milling tool 108 has substantially the same configuration as the milling tool described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9, and is different from the milling tool described in FIGS. The tube 40 is an annular duct 110
It is connected to the point. The duct 110 has an annular shape having a sufficiently larger inner diameter than the milling tool 20 or the main spindle body 104, and is attached to the outer periphery of the main spindle body 104 via a connecting rod 112 so that the axis C <b> 1 coincides.

The duct 110 is provided in FIG.
The cross-sectional structure is as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 114 denotes a duct main body having a U-shaped cross section, and an annular bottom plate 116 having substantially the same planar shape as the duct main body 114 is provided on the bottom surface thereof as shown in FIG. A moving member 122 is provided below the bottom plate 116 so as to sandwich the flange portions 118 and 120 at the bottom of the duct body 114 between the bottom plate 116 and the bottom plate 116. That is, the moving member 122 is connected to the flange 118,
120 is fixed to the bottom plate 116 by bolts 124 while being sandwiched between the bottom plate 116 and the bottom plate 116. And
By being supported by such a structure, the bottom plate 116 slides in the circumferential direction with respect to the duct body 114, and the moving member 122 can move in the circumferential direction with this movement. I have.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom plate 116 and the moving member 122 are provided with a through hole 126 whose axis C3 is parallel to the axis C1 of the duct main body 114. Is provided with a step, and an inner diameter of a portion below the step is made larger than the through hole 126 to form a large diameter portion 127. This large diameter part 12
7 is a notch 128 having a depth L at the deepest part.
The notch 128 is opened outward in the radial direction of the duct main body 114. The upper surface 130 of the notch 128 has a depth L
Is provided so as to increase the diameter.

One end of the discharge pipe 40 connected to the cover 36 is inserted into the moving member 122. One end of the discharge tube 40 is formed in a tapered shape having the same angle as the upper surface 130, and further, a ring-shaped seal member 132 made of an elastic material such as hard rubber is attached to the end. The outer diameter of the discharge pipe 40 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the large diameter portion 127, and the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 40 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 126.

Further, a discharge pipe 134 connected to suction means (not shown) such as a dust collector is connected to the upper part of the duct body 114.

In the milling tool having the above-described configuration, by rotating the tool body 20, the chips generated by the cutting blades 26 enter the exhaust pipe 40 together with the airflow generated by the blades 50. The air is sent from the exhaust pipe 134 to suction means (not shown) such as a dust collector via the inside of the duct body 114.

When the horizontal axis head 106 rotates about the axis C1, the cover 36 covering the tool also rotates about C1, and the bottom plate 116 slides on the duct body 114 following the rotation. By doing so, the discharge pipe 40 can move while maintaining the connection state with the duct 110.

Further, the tool 1 is
08 (tool body 20 covered with cover 36)
When the tool 108 is moved in the direction of the axis C2 when the tool 108 is moved along the axis C2, the distal end of the discharge pipe 40 moves from the opening of the notch 128 to the inside of the moving member 122. In this case, the sealing member 13 at the tip of the discharge pipe 40
2 moves gradually inward in a state of being slightly elastically deformed in contact with the taper of the upper surface 130 of the notch 128, and is pushed into a position where the outer periphery of the discharge pipe 40 contacts the innermost part of the large diameter portion 127. It is.

On the other hand, when the tool 108 is to be removed from the horizontal head 106, the tool 36 is pulled out along the axis C2 so that the cover 36 and the discharge pipe 40 are removed.
Also moves in the same direction, and at the same time, the distal end moves radially outward of the duct 110 along the upper surface 130 and is removed.

Further, in the case of the embodiment, since the distal end of the discharge pipe 40 is inserted into the moving member 122 over the length L, for example, the horizontal axis head 106 is centered on the main shaft 104 to change the surface to be processed. When trying to rotate to the main shaft 1
Even in the case of movement in the axis direction of 04, movement in the range of this distance L is allowed. Therefore, the discharge pipe 4
The length L at which the leading end of 0 is inserted is set to a necessary length according to the moving distance of the horizontal axis head 106.

The technique of the present invention can be applied to various modifications of the tool body, cover, duct, etc., provided that the condition that the axis of the exhaust pipe is parallel to the main axis of the machine tool is satisfied. .

[0033]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention covers the tool body attached to the tip of the horizontal shaft head supported on the main shaft of the machine tool and rotating about the axis of the main shaft with the cover. At the same time, a discharge pipe connected to the cover is provided in parallel with the main shaft, while an annular duct is provided around the main shaft with the same axis as the main shaft, and provided so as to be movable in a circumferential direction of the annular duct. Since the notched portion is formed in the moving part having a width substantially equal to the outer diameter of the discharge pipe toward the outside in the radial direction of the discharge pipe, so that When the shaft head rotates, the moving unit can move along an annular duct provided coaxially with the main shaft, and the exhaust piping system can follow the movement of the horizontal shaft head. Since the moving portion is provided with a notch directed radially outward, when attaching or removing a tool in the axial direction of the horizontal shaft head, the tip of the discharge pipe is moved through the notch through the notch. Therefore, the discharge pipe and the annular duct can be attached / detached in conjunction with the operation of attaching / detaching the tool main body to / from the horizontal shaft head.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of one embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion indicated by a chain line III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an arrow view along the line iv-iv in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of FIG. 1 as viewed obliquely from below.

FIG. 6 is an external view of a machine tool to which the milling tool of the present invention is attached.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional example of a milling tool.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a conventional tool body.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 Tool body 36 Cover 40
Discharge pipe 104 Spindle main body 106 Horizontal axis head 10
8 Milling tool 110 Duct 112 Connecting rod 11
4 Duct body 116 Bottom plate 122 Moving member 12
6 Through hole 127 Large diameter portion 128 Notch 13
0 Top

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A horizontal shaft head supported by a main shaft of a machine tool and rotating about an axis of the main shaft, a tool body supported by the horizontal shaft head and rotating about an axis perpendicular to the main shaft, A cover is attached to the tool body so as to be rotatable around its axis and forms a closed space between the tool body and the surface to be machined, and connecting means for connecting the closed space in the cover to the chip storage portion. The connecting means includes an annular duct provided around the main shaft at the same center, a moving portion provided to be movable in a circumferential direction of the annular duct, the moving portion and the cover. And a discharge pipe for connecting the discharge pipe to each other, the discharge pipe having an axis directed in a direction parallel to the main axis, one end connected to the cover, and the other end detachably connected to the moving unit. , The moving unit includes A cutout having a width that is axially overlapped with a part of the outlet pipe at one end thereof and that has a width substantially equal to the outer diameter of the discharge pipe is formed radially outward of the discharge pipe. Cutting tools.