JP2797783B2 - Liquid fuel combustion device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid fuel combustion apparatus used as a heat source for hot water supply / heating equipment and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in oil-fired equipment, instantaneousness,
There is a growing demand for a wider range of adjustment of the combustion amount, lower noise, and smaller size.

Conventionally, this type of liquid fuel combustion apparatus is roughly classified into an apparatus for atomizing liquid fuel by a spraying device and burning the combustion particles as it is, and an apparatus for once vaporizing and burning the liquid fuel.

For example, in the former spray combustion apparatus, as shown in FIG. 3, liquid fuel supplied from a fuel tank 31 is pressurized by a pump 32, passes through a fuel supply pipe 33, and passes through a pressure spray nozzle 34. It is ejected and atomized, and is sprayed into the combustion chamber 35. Then, the combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber 35 through the ventilation path 37 by the ventilation fan 36. At this time, the fuel sprayed from the pressure spray nozzle 34 reacts with combustion to form a flame.

As shown in FIG. 4, the latter apparatus for vaporization and combustion uses liquid fuel supplied from a fuel tank 41 as follows.
After passing through an oil supply pipe 43 by a pump 42, the liquid is supplied from a nozzle 44 to a vaporizing chamber 47 in a high-temperature state formed by a vaporizing cylinder 46 in which an electric heater 45 is embedded, and is heated and vaporized. The air for combustion is supplied to the ventilation path 4 by the ventilation fan 48.
9 through a throat portion 50 provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle 44, and is supplied to the vaporization chamber 47. At this time, the fuel is mixed with the vaporized fuel, and a flame is formed by a flame port 52 provided in the combustion chamber 51.

[0006]

However, in the above conventional spray combustion apparatus (FIG. 3), since the particle diameter of the liquid fuel ejected from the pressure spray nozzle 34 is large, the flame length becomes long, and the size of the equipment can be reduced. was difficult. Further, since the combustion device is generated by a popping sound when the fuel particles are rapidly boiled by the flame, if the particle size is large, the noise cannot be reduced.

[0007] Further, if the injection pressure of the fuel is reduced to reduce the amount of combustion, the injection speed also decreases, the spray particle diameter increases, and good combustion cannot be obtained. Had become.

On the other hand, in the apparatus for vaporizing and burning (FIG. 4), the liquid fuel is vaporized and burned, so that the structure becomes complicated and electric power for heating the vaporizing cylinder 46 and the vaporizing chamber 47 is required. In addition, since a preheating time for raising the temperature is required, instantaneous ignition combustion was not possible, and the instantaneousness was poor.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid fuel combustion apparatus capable of achieving instantaneous combustion, low noise, miniaturization, and expansion of a range of adjusting the amount of combustion.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention has at least two or more fuel nozzles provided at a predetermined angle so as to face each other and an outer periphery of the fuel nozzle. Atomizing device comprising an air nozzle for supplying air for atomization to the jet flow of the fuel nozzle, a fuel supply means for supplying liquid fuel to the fuel nozzle, an air supply means for supplying air to the air nozzle, A primary air supply unit for supplying air, a mixing chamber for mixing the fuel particles ejected from the atomization means with air, a burner downstream of the mixing chamber and having a flame port, and secondary air for supplying air to the burner It consists of a supply unit.

[0011]

According to the present invention, the liquid fuel injected from the fuel nozzle is atomized by applying a shearing force by a high-speed air flow, and the liquid fuel is jetted into fine particles by collision. Particles with a small particle diameter can be obtained in a wide adjustment range, and the range of adjustment of the amount of combustion can be widened. In addition, because small fuel particles are mixed with air and sent to the burner as a combustible air-fuel mixture, instantaneous ignition combustion is possible, and premixed combustion with atomized particles enables shorter flames and equipment The size can be reduced. Further, since only minute fuel particles are burned, combustion noise can be reduced.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in the figure, an atomization device 2 is provided in an atomization chamber 1, and a fuel supply pipe 3 is connected to the atomization device 2 so that a liquid is supplied from a fuel tank 4 in which a fixed amount of liquid fuel is kept The fuel is pressurized and pumped by the electromagnetic pump 5 and supplied to the atomization device 2.

[0013] The liquid fuel scattered in atomization chamber within 1
The dew adhering to the wall or the like is returned by the return pipe 6. Then, the air supply pipe 7 is sent from the air supply means 8.
The mixing air is provided to the atomizing device 2, a mixing plate 9 is provided downstream of the atomizing device to form a mixing chamber 10, and a burner 11 is provided downstream of the mixing chamber 10 to provide air and The mixed fuel particles are uniformly dispersed by the pressure equalizing plate 12 and
3 and is provided to burn.

A primary air supply unit 15 for supplying a part of the air sent from the blower 14 to the atomizing chamber 1 and a blower 1
A secondary air supply unit 16 is provided to supply a part of the air sent from the burner 11 to the burner 11, and the secondary air is supplied to a secondary air hole (not shown) subdivided into a flame port 13. Configure.

Next, details of the atomizing device 2 will be described below with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, two nozzle blocks 17 are configured so as to be symmetrically opposed to a center line YY 'at a predetermined angle, and a fuel nozzle 19 having a fine fuel ejection hole 18 at the center of the tip is formed therein. Nozzle holder 2
A fuel passage 21 is formed in the fuel nozzle 19 and the nozzle holder 20 so that liquid fuel is supplied from a fuel supply pipe 3 connected to a rear portion of the nozzle holder 20. .

A turning portion 22 is provided at the tip of the fuel passage 21 in the fuel nozzle 19, and a tapering portion 23 is formed at the tip of the turning portion 22, and a turning groove (not shown) is formed in the taper portion 23.
The swirling portion 22 is pressed against the inner wall of the tip of the fuel nozzle 19 by a fixture 24. The air nozzle 25 is provided with an air ejection hole 26 at its tip, and the fuel nozzle 1
The nozzle holder 20 on which the nozzle 9 is mounted is mounted in the air nozzle 25 and is fixed at the reduced diameter portion 28 so as to set a slight gap 27 between the tip of the air nozzle 25 and the tip of the fuel nozzle 19. Further, an air passage 29 is provided between the fuel nozzle 19 and the air nozzle 25, and air for atomization is supplied from the air supply pipe 7. More as to the fuel nozzles 19 and air nozzles 25 is set to concentrically relative to the axis X ₁ -X ₁ '.

In the above configuration, when a power supply (not shown) is turned on, the electromagnetic pump 5 is operated to suck up liquid fuel from the fuel tank 4 and to pass through the fuel supply pipe 3 in a pressurized state, and the fuel in the fuel nozzle 19 is After being supplied to the passage 21 and imparting swirling to the fuel through the groove of the swirling portion 22, the fuel is ejected from the fuel ejection hole 18.

At the same time, the air supply means 8 is operated, and the air for atomization is supplied to the air passage 29 through the air supply pipe 7, and forms a swirling flow through the gap 27 and the air ejection holes 26.
Squirted at high speed from. Therefore, the fuel ejected from the fuel ejection holes 18 is sheared by the air flow and atomized.

Normally, when the atomizing air is not supplied, the liquid fuel is ejected from the fuel ejection holes 18 in the form of a thin film, and the atomization is promoted by turbulence at the tip of the film. large. However, in the embodiment, since high-speed air is directly applied to the liquid fuel in the form of a thin liquid film by supplying air for atomization, atomization can be performed with low air pressure. Also, when the fuel supply pressure is reduced to reduce the amount of fuel jet, the spray state of the liquid fuel itself is deteriorated, but the state of the obtained particles is hardly changed because the liquid fuel is atomized by a high-speed air flow.

Further, in the embodiment, since the nozzle block 17 is symmetrically opposed to the center line YY 'at two fixed angles, the fuel particles and the air which are atomized and ejected from the two nozzle blocks 17 are formed. Of each axis X ₁ −
It is again atomized collide at the intersection of X ₁ 'and X ₂ -X _2'. Therefore, very small particles can be effectively obtained in a wide adjustment range of the fuel spray amount.

As described above, the liquid fuel is sprayed into the atomizing chamber 1 by the atomizing device 2 as fine particles having a uniform particle diameter. Although the jet flow from one nozzle block 17 is very high speed, since the jet flow impinges, the particle velocity after the collision is considerably reduced, and the atomizing air is a primary air. Since it acts as a part, the mixed state of air and fuel particles is kept good. The particles sprayed into the atomization chamber 1 are introduced into the mixing chamber 10 while being mixed with the air supplied from the primary air supply unit 15, and are sufficiently mixed. The mixture of air and fuel is sent to the burner 11 while increasing the degree of mixing, and is uniformly dispersed throughout the burner 11 by the equalizing plate 12, supplied as a combustible gas to the flame port 13, and subjected to premix combustion. . Further, since the combustion air is supplied from the secondary air supply unit 16 to the flame outlet 13, a short flame is formed.

As described above, the liquid fuel injected from the fuel nozzle 19 is subjected to the shearing force of the high-speed air flow to atomize the liquid fuel, and is further made into uniform fine particles by collision.
Since the secondary air is also supplied to the flame outlet 13 while being mixed with the atomizing air, excellent combustion characteristics can be obtained. Further, according to the atomization device 2 of the embodiment, uniform fine particles can be obtained in a wide adjustment range of the spray amount, so that the combustion amount adjustment width can be widened. Since the atomizing air acts as a part of the primary air, premixed combustion can be performed at the flame port 13. Therefore, the combustion speed is made larger than that of diffusion combustion,
Since it is possible to shorten the length of the flame in Step 3, the size of the apparatus can be reduced. Further, since uniform and fine fuel particles can be obtained, combustion noise caused by bursting noise when large fuel particles rapidly boil by a flame as in conventional spray combustion can be reduced. Furthermore, since primary air is supplied to the mixture of atomized fuel particles and atomizing air to form a combustible mixture and is supplied to the flame port 13, instantaneous ignition combustion becomes possible and instantaneousness can be obtained. it can.

[0023]

As is clear from the above embodiments, the following effects can be obtained according to the liquid fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention. (1) The liquid fuel injected from the fuel nozzle is atomized by applying a shear force by a high-speed air flow, and uniform fine particles can be obtained by collision. Since the fine particles are supplied to the flame outlet while being mixed with the atomizing air and the primary air, the secondary air is also supplied, so that excellent combustion characteristics can be obtained. (2) Since uniform fine particles can be obtained in a wide adjustment range of the spray amount by the shearing force and the collision force due to the air flow of the atomization device, the adjustment range of the combustion amount can be widened. (3) Since uniform and fine fuel particles can be obtained, it is possible to reduce combustion noise caused by bursting noise when large fuel particles are suddenly boiled by a flame as in conventional spray combustion. (4) Since the air for atomization acts as a part of the primary air, premixed combustion can be performed at the flame outlet. Therefore, the combustion speed can be made higher than that of the diffusion combustion, and the flame at the flame opening can be shortened, so that the size of the apparatus can be reduced. (5) Since the primary air is supplied to the mixture of the atomized fuel particles and the atomizing air to form a combustible mixture and is supplied to the flame outlet, instantaneous ignition combustion becomes possible and instantaneousness can be obtained. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of an atomization device in a liquid fuel combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional liquid fuel combustion device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of another conventional liquid fuel combustion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 atomization device 4 fuel supply means 8 air supply means 10 mixing chamber 12 burner 13 flame outlet 15 primary air supply section 16 secondary air supply section 19 fuel nozzle 25 air nozzle

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Chimichi Aso 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-53-4376 (JP, A) JP, B2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F23D 11/10 F23D 11/24 F23D 11/40

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] At least two or more fuel nozzles provided opposite to each other at a predetermined angle, and air for atomization is supplied to the jet of liquid fuel from the fuel nozzles around the fuel nozzles. An atomizing device comprising an air nozzle;
Fuel supply means for supplying liquid fuel to the fuel nozzle;
Air supply means for supplying air for atomization to the air nozzle, a primary air supply unit for supplying primary air, a mixing chamber for mixing air and fuel particles ejected from the atomization device,
A liquid fuel combustion device comprising a burner downstream of the mixing chamber and having a flame port, and a secondary air supply unit for supplying air to the burner.