JP2797630B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents
Liquid crystal displayInfo
- Publication number
- JP2797630B2 JP2797630B2 JP10348790A JP10348790A JP2797630B2 JP 2797630 B2 JP2797630 B2 JP 2797630B2 JP 10348790 A JP10348790 A JP 10348790A JP 10348790 A JP10348790 A JP 10348790A JP 2797630 B2 JP2797630 B2 JP 2797630B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thin film
- liquid crystal
- substrate
- light
- display device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、液晶表示装置に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
従来の技術 近年、液晶表示装置はCRTに変わるディスプレイとし
て注目され、より高画質化に向けて改良が進められてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a liquid crystal display device has attracted attention as a display replacing a CRT, and improvements have been made for higher image quality.
以下図面を参照しながら、上述した従来の液晶表示装
置の一例について説明する。第４図は、従来の液晶表示
装置の断面図を示すものである。第４図において、１は
第１の基板、２は透明基板、３は透明電極、６は第２の
基板、７は絵素スイッチ素子、８は走査線、９は絵素電
極、10は液晶層、11は遮光膜である。特に遮光膜11は、
絵素スイッチ素子7,8の走査線の上に被いかぶす様に配
置される。（たとえば、映像情報（Ｉ）、1989年９月号
23〜31ページ）、この遮光膜は従来、例えばクロム等の
金属が多様されている。この遮光膜の主な役割は大きく
分けて３つある。１つは、第１の基板１を透過して第２
の基板６に到達する光が絵素スイッチ７には当たらない
ように遮光する役目がある。絵素スイッチ素子には、例
えばアモルファスシリコン薄膜トランジスタが多用され
ておりこの素子は光の影響を受け易い。そのため必ず遮
光する必要があり遮光膜は必要である。２つ目の役割
は、走査線８と第１の基板１との間に生じる電界によっ
て液晶層10が変化するがこの影響を隠す役割である。３
つ目の役割は、隣合う絵素の境界をはっきりとさせる役
割である。Hereinafter, an example of the above-described conventional liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device. In FIG. 4, 1 is a first substrate, 2 is a transparent substrate, 3 is a transparent electrode, 6 is a second substrate, 7 is a picture element switch element, 8 is a scanning line, 9 is a picture element electrode, and 10 is a liquid crystal. The layer 11 is a light shielding film. In particular, the light shielding film 11
The pixel switch elements 7 and 8 are arranged so as to cover the scanning lines. (For example, Video Information (I), September 1989 issue
23 to 31), the light shielding film has conventionally been made of various metals such as chromium. The main role of this light-shielding film is roughly divided into three. One is that the first substrate 1 transmits through the second substrate 1
Has a role of blocking light so that light reaching the substrate 6 does not hit the pixel switch 7. For example, an amorphous silicon thin film transistor is frequently used as a pixel switch element, and this element is easily affected by light. Therefore, it is necessary to shield light, and a light shielding film is required. The second role is to change the liquid crystal layer 10 due to the electric field generated between the scanning line 8 and the first substrate 1, but to hide this effect. 3
The first role is to clarify the boundaries between adjacent picture elements.
発明が解決しようとする課題 しかしながら上記のような構成では、遮光膜に達した
光の多くが反射されて、その反射光が画像として現われ
たり、また別の反射光が絵素スイッチ素子に当たったり
して十分な黒レベルを創出できなくなるという問題点を
有していた。However, in the above configuration, most of the light that reaches the light-shielding film is reflected, and the reflected light appears as an image, or another reflected light hits the pixel switch element. As a result, a sufficient black level cannot be created.
本発明は、上記問題点10に鑑み、遮光膜からの反射光
をなくし、十分な黒レベルを創出できる液晶表示装置を
提供するものである。The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problem 10, and provides a liquid crystal display device that eliminates reflected light from a light-shielding film and can create a sufficient black level.
課題を解決するための手段 上記問題点を解決するために本発明の液晶表示装置
は、金属薄膜と、薄膜中に顔料が分散しかつ屈折率が１
以上２以下である樹脂薄膜との２層、または金属薄膜の
両側を樹脂薄膜でサンドイッチした３層で構成された遮
光膜を備えたものである。Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, a liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises a metal thin film, a pigment dispersed in the thin film, and a refractive index of 1 or less.
A light-shielding film composed of two layers with a resin thin film having a thickness of 2 or less, or three layers in which both sides of a metal thin film are sandwiched by resin thin films.
作用 本発明は上記した構成によって、遮光膜に当たった光
は樹脂薄膜中の顔料によって吸収され反射光を軽減でき
る。遮光膜に当たった光はまず樹脂薄膜表面で一部が界
面反射し残りが樹脂薄膜中に透過する。樹脂薄膜の屈折
率が１以上２以下であれば前記の界面反射光を非常に小
さくできる。よって遮光膜に当たった光の大部分を樹脂
薄膜中に取り込むことができる。また樹脂薄膜中には顔
料が分散しているためこの顔料により樹脂薄膜中を通過
する光を吸収できる。よって遮光膜に当たった光はほと
んど反射しない。そのため反射光によって画像や絵素ス
イッチ素子が影響を受けることが無い。また樹脂薄膜だ
けで遮光膜を構成すると十分に遮光膜を透過する光を軽
減する事ができない。そこで金属薄膜と樹脂薄膜を併用
することで反射光も少なく透過光もない遮光膜を作るこ
とができる。According to the present invention, the light hitting the light shielding film can be absorbed by the pigment in the resin thin film to reduce the reflected light. Part of the light that has hit the light-shielding film is first interfacially reflected on the surface of the resin thin film, and the rest is transmitted through the resin thin film. When the refractive index of the resin thin film is 1 or more and 2 or less, the above-mentioned interface reflected light can be extremely reduced. Therefore, most of the light hitting the light-shielding film can be taken into the resin thin film. Further, since the pigment is dispersed in the resin thin film, light passing through the resin thin film can be absorbed by the pigment. Therefore, the light hitting the light shielding film is hardly reflected. Therefore, the image and the picture element switch element are not affected by the reflected light. In addition, if the light-shielding film is composed of only the resin thin film, the light transmitted through the light-shielding film cannot be sufficiently reduced. Therefore, by using a metal thin film and a resin thin film together, a light-shielding film having little reflected light and no transmitted light can be produced.
実施例 以下本発明の一実施例の液晶表示装置について、図面
を参照しながら説明する。Embodiment Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図（ａ）、第１（ｂ）は本発明に第１の実施例に
おける液晶表示装置の断面図を示すものである。第１図
において、１は第１の基板、２は透明基板、３は透明電
極、４は樹脂薄膜、５は金属薄膜、６は第２の基板、７
は絵素スイッチ素子、８は走査線、９は絵素電極、10は
液晶層である。第１図（ａ）と第１図（ｂ）では透明電
極３と樹脂薄膜４、金属薄膜５との位置関係が違うが同
じ効果が得られる。本実施例では、透明基板２を透過し
て樹脂薄膜４に当たった光を吸収する。第４図で示した
ような構造を持つ従来例では、クロム製の遮光膜にあた
った光のうち60〜70％の光が反射されて画像の黒レベル
に影響を及ぼしていたが、第１図に示した構成にし、例
えば樹脂薄膜４にアクリル酸／アクリル酸エステル共重
合体、顔料に炭素粉末、金属薄膜５にクロムを用いた場
合、反射光を５％程度にすることができる。本実施例は
透明基板１を透過して樹脂薄膜４に強い光が当たる場合
に有効である。FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are cross-sectional views of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a first substrate, 2 is a transparent substrate, 3 is a transparent electrode, 4 is a resin thin film, 5 is a metal thin film, 6 is a second substrate, 7
Is a picture element switch element, 8 is a scanning line, 9 is a picture element electrode, and 10 is a liquid crystal layer. 1A and 1B, the same effect can be obtained although the positional relationship between the transparent electrode 3, the resin thin film 4, and the metal thin film 5 is different. In the present embodiment, light that has passed through the transparent substrate 2 and hit the resin thin film 4 is absorbed. In the conventional example having a structure as shown in FIG. 4, 60 to 70% of the light hitting the chrome light-shielding film is reflected to affect the black level of the image. In the configuration shown in the figure, for example, when acrylic acid / acrylate copolymer is used for the resin thin film 4, carbon powder is used for the pigment, and chromium is used for the metal thin film 5, the reflected light can be reduced to about 5%. This embodiment is effective in the case where strong light impinges on the resin thin film 4 through the transparent substrate 1.
以下本発明の第２の実施例について図面を参照しなが
ら説明する。Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第２図（ａ）、（ｂ）は本発明に第２の実施例におけ
る液晶表示装置の断面図を示すものである。第２図にお
いて、１は第１の基板、２は透明基板、３は透明電極、
６は第２の基板、７は絵素スイッチ素子、８は走査線、
９は絵素電極、10は液晶層であり以上は第１図の構成と
同様なものである。第１図の構成と異なるのは金属薄膜
５の両側を樹脂薄膜４でサンドイッチした３層で構成さ
れている点である。本実施例では、透明基板２を透過し
て樹脂薄膜４に当たった光と液晶層10を透過して樹脂薄
膜４に当たった光との両方を吸収する。第２図（ａ）と
第２図（ｂ）では透明電極３と樹脂薄膜４の金属薄膜５
との位置関係が違うが同じ効果が得られる。本実施例
は、透明基板１を透過して樹脂薄膜４に強い光が当たり
かつ液晶層10を透過して樹脂薄膜４に強い光が当たる場
合に有効である。FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, 1 is a first substrate, 2 is a transparent substrate, 3 is a transparent electrode,
6 is a second substrate, 7 is a picture element switch element, 8 is a scanning line,
Reference numeral 9 denotes a picture element electrode, and reference numeral 10 denotes a liquid crystal layer, which has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. The difference from the configuration of FIG. 1 is that the metal thin film 5 is formed of three layers sandwiched on both sides by a resin thin film 4. In this embodiment, both the light that has passed through the transparent substrate 2 and hit the resin thin film 4 and the light that has passed through the liquid crystal layer 10 and hit the resin thin film 4 are absorbed. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the transparent electrode 3 and the metal thin film 5 of the resin thin film 4 are shown.
However, the same effect can be obtained. The present embodiment is effective when strong light impinges on the resin thin film 4 through the transparent substrate 1 and impinges on the resin thin film 4 through the liquid crystal layer 10.
なお、第１の実施例、第２の実施例、のいずれの場合
でも同じであるが、樹脂薄膜４の屈折率が１以上２以下
であることが望ましい。屈折率の異なる膜の界面では必
ず反射が生じる。いま膜１の屈折率をn1、膜２の屈折率
をn2とすると膜１と膜２の界面における界面反射率Ｒは
下記の式で表わされる。Although the same applies to both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the refractive index of the resin thin film 4 is desirably 1 or more and 2 or less. Reflection always occurs at the interface between films having different refractive indexes. Now, assuming that the refractive index of the film 1 is n1 and the refractive index of the film 2 is n2, the interface reflectance R at the interface between the film 1 and the film 2 is represented by the following equation.
Ｒ＝（（n1−n2）／（n1＋n2））２ 即ち、界面反射率Ｒはn1とn2の差が少ないほど小さく
できる。一般に液晶表示装置を構成する物質の屈折率
は、１から２程度である。よって樹脂薄膜と隣合う膜の
屈折率と近い屈折率を持つ樹脂を選べば界面反射光を減
らすことができる。また屈折率は光の波長によって変わ
る。いま、吸収したい光の波長領域が可視光全部であれ
ば、400nmから700nmの波長領域において屈折率１から２
であることが望ましい。また顔料も400nmから700nmの波
長領域において高い吸収係数をもつほうがよい。また吸
収したい光の波長領域が限られていれば、その限られた
波長範囲でだけで屈折率が１から２であればよく顔料も
その限られた波長範囲でだけで高い吸収係数をもてばよ
い。R = ((n1-n2) / (n1 + n2)) 2 That is, the interface reflectance R can be reduced as the difference between n1 and n2 is reduced. Generally, the refractive index of a substance constituting a liquid crystal display device is about 1 to 2. Therefore, if a resin having a refractive index close to the refractive index of the film adjacent to the resin thin film is selected, reflected light at the interface can be reduced. The refractive index changes depending on the wavelength of light. If the wavelength region of light to be absorbed is all visible light, the refractive index is 1 to 2 in the wavelength region of 400 nm to 700 nm.
It is desirable that Further, it is preferable that the pigment also has a high absorption coefficient in a wavelength region of 400 nm to 700 nm. If the wavelength range of the light to be absorbed is limited, the pigment only needs to have a refractive index of 1 to 2 in the limited wavelength range, and the pigment has a high absorption coefficient only in the limited wavelength range. I just need.
また第１図、第２図中に示す絵素電極９は透明電極で
も不透明電極でもかまわない。たとえば透明電極として
は、ITO、また不透明電極としてアルミニウムやクロム
でもよい。The picture element electrode 9 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 may be a transparent electrode or an opaque electrode. For example, ITO may be used as the transparent electrode, and aluminum or chromium may be used as the opaque electrode.
発明の効果 以上のように本発明は、金属薄膜と樹脂薄膜との２
層、または金属薄膜の両側を樹脂薄膜でサンドイッチし
た３層で構成された遮光膜を備えることにより十分な黒
レベルを創出できる液晶表示装置を提供することができ
る。Advantageous Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention relates to a two-layer structure of a metal thin film and a resin thin film.
A liquid crystal display device capable of creating a sufficient black level can be provided by providing a light-shielding film composed of a layer or a three-layered structure in which both sides of a metal thin film are sandwiched by a resin thin film.
第１図は本発明の第１の実施例における液晶表示装置の
断面図、第２図は本発明の第２の実施例における液晶表
示装置の断面図、第３図は従来の液晶表示装置の断面図
である。 １……第１の基板、２……透明基板、３……透明電極、
４……樹脂薄膜、５……金属薄膜、６……第２の基板、
絵素スイッチ素子、８……走査線、９……絵素電極、10
……液晶層、11……遮光膜。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is sectional drawing. 1 ... first substrate, 2 ... transparent substrate, 3 ... transparent electrode,
4 resin thin film, 5 metal thin film, 6 second substrate,
Picture element switch element, 8 ... Scan line, 9 ... Picture element electrode, 10
... liquid crystal layer, 11 ... light shielding film.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) G02F 1/1335 G02B 1/10──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) G02F 1/1335 G02B 1/10
Claims (4)
金属薄膜の順に形成された遮光膜と透明電極を含む第１
の基板と、絵素スイッチ素子と走査線と前記絵素スイッ
チで駆動されるマトリクス状に配置された絵素電極を含
むアクディブマトリクスアレイとが形成された第２の基
板と、前記第１の基板と前記第２の基板との対向間隙に
封入された液晶層とを具備して成る液晶表示装置であっ
て、前記樹脂薄膜中には顔料が分散しておりかつ前記樹
脂薄膜の屈折率が１以上２以下であることを特徴とする
液晶表示装置。1. A resin thin film on a transparent substrate that transmits visible light,
First including a light-shielding film and a transparent electrode formed in the order of a metal thin film
A second substrate on which an active matrix array including picture element switches, scanning lines, and picture element electrodes arranged in a matrix driven by the picture element switches are formed; and the first substrate And a liquid crystal layer sealed in an opposing gap with the second substrate, wherein a pigment is dispersed in the resin thin film and the refractive index of the resin thin film is 1 A liquid crystal display device characterized by being 2 or less.
グステン、タンタルおよびそれらの合金を用いることを
特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶表示装置。2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the metal thin film is made of chromium, nickel, tungsten, tantalum, or an alloy thereof.
した３層からなる遮光膜と可視光を透過する透明基板と
透明電極とを含む第１の基板と、絵素スイッチ素子と走
査線と前記絵素スイッチ素子で駆動をされるマトリクス
状に配置された絵素電極を含むアクディブマトリクスア
レイとが形成された第２の基板と、前記第１の基板と前
記第２の基板との対向間隙に封入された液晶層とを具備
して成る液晶表示装置であって、前記樹脂膜中には顔料
が分散しておりかつ前記樹脂薄膜の屈折率が１以上２以
下であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。3. A first substrate including a light-shielding film composed of three layers sandwiching a metal thin film on both sides with a resin thin film, a transparent substrate transmitting visible light, and a transparent electrode; A second substrate on which an active matrix array including picture element electrodes arranged in a matrix driven by the picture element switch elements is formed, and a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate facing each other. A liquid crystal display device comprising a sealed liquid crystal layer, wherein a pigment is dispersed in the resin film, and a refractive index of the resin thin film is 1 or more and 2 or less. Display device.
グステン、タンタルおよびそれらの合金を用いることを
特徴とする請求項３記載の液晶表示装置。4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein the metal thin film is made of chromium, nickel, tungsten, tantalum, or an alloy thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10348790A JP2797630B2 (en) | 1990-04-19 | 1990-04-19 | Liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10348790A JP2797630B2 (en) | 1990-04-19 | 1990-04-19 | Liquid crystal display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH041726A JPH041726A (en) | 1992-01-07 |
| JP2797630B2 true JP2797630B2 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=14355365
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10348790A Expired - Lifetime JP2797630B2 (en) | 1990-04-19 | 1990-04-19 | Liquid crystal display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2797630B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08122767A (en) | 1994-10-28 | 1996-05-17 | Nec Kagoshima Ltd | Color liquid crystal display |
| JPH11142602A (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-28 | Murakami Corp | Antireflection structure |
| US9216253B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2015-12-22 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Needle dispensing and storing apparatus for medicament delivery device |
| JP6232769B2 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2017-11-22 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Display device substrate manufacturing method, display device substrate, and display device |
-
1990
- 1990-04-19 JP JP10348790A patent/JP2797630B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH041726A (en) | 1992-01-07 |
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