JP2797543B2 - Head vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a head vegetable harvester such as cabbage and lettuce.

(Prior Art) A conventionally known Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-279715 discloses a self-propelled body frame to which a traveling device is attached, and the presence / absence of detecting the presence or absence of head vegetables in a field provided at a front position of the body frame. A sensor, a transport device in which two holding bodies for holding and transporting the head vegetables by the signal of the presence / absence sensor are connected, and a head vegetable harvesting device provided on a body frame operated by the signal of the presence / absence sensor. In the following, the reaping device is integrally mounted inside the holding body of the transport device, cuts the head vegetables in the field while holding them from the left and right sides, and moves with the reaping device. A configured head cropper is described.

Also, JP-A-63-279716 and JP-A-48-8033
No. 6 discloses a self-propelled body frame equipped with a traveling device, an endless transport device having left and right holding bodies for holding and transporting the head vegetables, and a head vegetable harvesting device provided on the body frame. The head vegetable harvester consisting of:

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-279715, the reaper is integrally mounted inside the holding body of the transport device,
A head vegetable harvester configured to cut the head vegetables in the field while holding the head vegetables from the left and right sides and to move the cutting device together is described. Because each is installed inside the, the need for multiple reaping devices, because it cuts while holding from the left and right sides, when harvesting head vegetables, the head vegetables move, so there are difficulties in reaping The work was hard.

Also, JP-A-63-279716 and JP-A-48-8033
Since the one described in No. 6 cuts without pinching from the left and right sides, at the time of cutting the head vegetables, the head vegetables move,
There were difficulties in reaping.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention is intended to pinch and fix a head vegetable from the left and right sides by a left and right holding body, and cut the head vegetable in that state so that the head vegetable can be reliably cut.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Accordingly, the present invention provides a self-propelled body frame 1 to which a traveling device 2 is attached, and a presence / absence sensor for detecting presence / absence of a ball-shaped vegetable A in a field provided at a front position of the body frame 1 9, an endless transport device 14 in which a large number of left and right holding members 19, 19 for holding and transporting the headed vegetables A from the left and right sides according to the signal of the presence / absence sensor 9, and a machine frame 1 operated by a signal of the presence / absence sensor 9 And the harvesting device 50 for the head vegetable A provided in the field, the harvesting device 50 is configured such that the left and right holding bodies 19 of the endless transport device 14 are headed vegetables A in the field.
Are cut from the left and right sides and fixed at their roots, and the left and right holding bodies 19, 19 constitute a headed vegetable harvesting machine configured to continuously transport the cut headed vegetables A.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a body frame of a harvesting and harvesting machine for head vegetables Vegetables A such as cabbage and lettuce. A pair of left and right front wheels 3, which constitute the traveling device 2,
3 and rear wheels 4, 4 are mounted.

Between the left and right front wheels 3, 3, there is provided a detection unit 5 for detecting the front-back position and the left-right position of the head vegetable A in the field with respect to the machine frame 1.

The detection unit 5 includes, as an example, a left and right position detection device 7 for the head vegetable A including movable contact bodies 6 and 6 that can move in the left and right directions.
And an upper / lower contact body 8 which moves up and down in contact with the upper surface of the head vegetable A, and an existence sensor 9 comprising an arm 13 thereof.

The moving contact body 6 has a plurality of rollers 11 attached to the front and rear at a swing end of a parallel link mechanism 10 that swings in the front and rear direction,
An endless belt 12 is wound around the roller 11, and when the body advances, the left and right endless belts 12 collide with the headed vegetables A and retreat to the left and right sides. Detect the position.

The presence / absence sensor 9 includes a rotating arm when the body advances.
An upper and lower contact body 8 of an elastic member formed by a sponge or the like provided at the tip of the head 13 comes into contact with the upper surface of the head vegetable A.
Since the rotation of the rotation arm 13 changes, the vertical position of the rotation arm 13 is detected based on the amount of rotation, and the size is detected based on the contact time of the vertical contact body 8.

A transport device 14 is provided behind the detection unit 5. The transfer device 14 is provided with a pair of left and right front gears 15 at a front low position of the body frame 1 and a pair of left and right rear gears 16 at a rear high position of the body frame 1. An endless body 17 of a chain or a belt is wound around the gear 16 respectively. A plurality of mounting plates 18 in the left-right direction are mounted on the endless body 17 at predetermined intervals, and a pair of left and right holding bodies 19, 19 are mounted on the mounting plate 18.
Is mounted so that it can be freely opened and closed and dropped.

The holding members 19, 19 are located at a lower position lower than the body frame 1 on the front side so that the head vegetables A can be held on the ground, but the rear side is moved on a pedestal having a height. Higher than the high position. In addition, since it rotates endlessly, it moves upward again to the front side, and in the downward rotation position during this time, it automatically clamps the head vegetable A from the left and right sides by a signal from the detection unit 5 and The container is conveyed by pinching to the end of the downward rotation, and then automatically opened to drop the head vegetable A under its own weight.

The rear part of the frame 21 of the transfer device 14 is
16 is mounted on a fixed shaft 20, which is mounted on a support 22. Although the support table 22 is not shown, the support table 22 is configured to rotate horizontally by a small angle with respect to the body frame 1, and when the support table 22 rotates horizontally, the frame of the transfer device 14 is moved.
The front side of 21 is adjusted to move left and right.

The movement of the frame 21 is performed by the cylinders 23 and 24.

The cylinder 23 and the cylinder 24 are automatically controlled by the left and right position detection device 7 of the detection unit 5 and the presence / absence sensor 9 to move the start end side of the transport device 14 up and down, right and left so as to match the position of the head vegetable A. .

FIG. 4 shows an example of the mounting structure of the holding bodies 19 and 19.
The base sides of the holding bodies 19, 19 are provided with shafts 2 on the left and right sides of the mounting plate 18.
It is pivotally attached by 5 and 25. The distal ends of the holding members 19, 19 are made to protrude outward from the mounting plate 18, and the protruding portions are formed on a holding portion 26 having a semicircular arc shape. Anti-slip members 31, 31 made of synthetic resin or the like are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the holding portion 26.

The left and right holding bodies 19 are connected to each other by an elastic body 32 that pulls the left and right holding bodies 19 in a direction to close each other.

At the left and right ends of the mounting plate 18, engaging hooks 35, 35 are
It is attached by 34, 34 so that it can rotate freely. The engaging hooks 35, 35 are engaged with the engaging shafts 33, 33 provided on the left and right holding members 19, 19, and the holding members 19, 19 are opened to each other against the elasticity of the elastic body 32. Hold.

27, 27 are engaging hooks 35 that are hung around the shafts 34, 34,
It is a spring that irregularly engages 35 with the engagement shafts 33,33.

Each of the engagement hooks 35 is provided with a base of an arm 36 for rotating the engagement hook 33 in a direction of releasing the engagement with the engagement shaft 33.
Are made to project laterally from the left and right ends of the mounting plate 18.

At a position above the tip of the arm 36, a cam 37 for rotating the arm 36 is provided. The cam 37 is provided at a desired position on the mounting plate 18 or the body frame 1 side.

The cam 37 is rotated by a signal from the detection unit 5, and
The engaging hook 35 is removed from the engaging shaft 33 via 36, and the holding body 1
9 and 19 are rotated in a direction to close each other by the elasticity of the elastic body 32, and the head vegetables A are elastically held from the left and right sides.

Since there is a time difference from the detection by the detection unit 5 to the holding by the holding body 19, the control unit calculates the signal based on various conditions such as the forward speed of the body frame 1 when the signal of the detection unit 5 is received, and performs the calculation. The cam 37 is rotated.

Further, the rotation of the holding members 19 in the holding direction is performed by rotating the head vegetables A.
A configuration may be adopted in which the plurality of holding bodies 19, 19 located on the side of are rotated at one time, or a configuration in which any one of the front and rear holding bodies 19, 19 is closed in order.

The relationship between the moving speed of the holding bodies 19 and 19 and the forward speed of the body frame 1 is, for example, when the moving speed of the holding bodies 19 and 19 and the forward speed of the body frame 1 are made substantially the same and constant. Alternatively, the head vegetables 1 may be pinched by the pinching bodies 19, 19 that temporarily stop or slow down the body frame 1, and the pinch vegetables A may be moved forward at high speed after pinching.

In addition, when the presence or absence sensor 9 determines that the head vegetable A is small, it is configured not to be pinched so that it can be selectively harvested.

A roller 38 is fixed to the base end of each of the holding bodies 19, 19, and the holding bodies 19, 19 are forcibly placed at the discharge position of the holding bodies 19, 19 at the end of the lower rotation stroke of the transport device 14. Guide rail to open
39 will be provided.

Thus, a mowing device 50 is provided at a position where the holding bodies 19, 19 of the transport device 14 hold the head vegetables A. The reaper 50 is configured by providing a cutting blade 52 at the tip of a rotating arm 51 that rotates in the left-right direction (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The rotating arm 51 stops the base at a desired position above the transport path of the head vegetables A, and between a standby position above the head that does not come into contact with the head vegetables A on the ground and a root cutting position of the head vegetables A below. Only rotatably provided.

The cutting blade 52 is provided at the tip of the rotating arm 51, and the rotating arm 51 is rotated by a cutter cylinder 54.

The cutter cylinder 54 is provided with the presence / absence sensor 9 in the same manner as the holding bodies 19 and 19 so that the rotating arm 51 is rotated when the holding bodies 19 and 19 hold and fix the head vegetable A.
Is controlled by this signal.

The cutting blade 52 may be provided at the tip of the rotating arm 51, and may be a knife-shaped blade or a rotary blade.

41, 41 are head vegetables A provided on both the left and right sides of the transport device 14.
(FIGS. 1, 2 and 3), and the endless belt 43 is attached to the front and rear rollers 42 and 42 in the present embodiment.
And a storage conveyor driven by an arbitrary power transmission mechanism.

A distributing device 44 for alternately distributing the head vegetables A discharged from the transporting device 14 to the storage portions 41, 41 is provided at the end of the transporting device 14. The distribution device 44 is formed in a gutter shape, and is rotatably provided on the left and right sides by a shaft 45 below the discharge position of the transfer device 14. The sorting device 44 includes the sorting device.
A distribution cylinder 46 for rotating the 44 to the left and right is attached. In addition, the distribution cylinder 46 may be configured to expand and contract according to the signal of the detection unit 5 and may be configured to be capable of sorting according to the size.

Guide portions 47 are provided between the storage portions 41, 41 and the distribution device 44.

Above the storage sections 41, 41, mounting tables 48, 48 for boxes 49 for packing the head vegetables A are provided. The mounting tables 48, 48 are provided symmetrically above the storage sections 41, 41, thereby effectively utilizing the side space of the transfer device 14 and shortening the length of the entire body, Improve the aircraft balance.

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show the holding members 19, 19 of the transfer device 14.
The cutting device 55 is provided between the clamping position and the discharge position at the end of the downward rotation stroke.

The cutting device 55 cuts off unnecessary roots 56 of the head vegetable A,
It enhances product value. The cutting device 55 is provided with vertical mounting rods 58, 58 on a frame 57 provided so as to move left and right integrally with the transfer device 14, and the mounting rods 58, 58 are provided with vertical moving rods 59, 59 which are vertically movable. Mount freely. A mounting plate 60 is mounted on the upper and lower moving rods 59, 59, and a motor 61 is mounted on the mounting plate 60. The shaft of the motor 61 protrudes above the mounting plate 60, and a rotary disk cutting blade 62 is mounted on the protruding portion. Positioning rollers 63, 63 are provided side by side on the left and right sides of the mounting plate 60. The positioning rollers 63, 63 are provided so as to sandwich the disc cutting blade 62 at the center, and a plurality of positioning rollers 63 are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals in front and rear. The upper surfaces of the positioning rollers 63, 63 are positioned above the disk cutting blade 62. Positioning roller
63 is provided with a shaft 64 so as to be adjustable in height relative to the mounting plate 60.

Numeral 65 is a spring for urging the mounting plate 60 so as to be always positioned upward.

(Operation) Next, the operation will be described.

The present invention is configured as described above. When the traveling device 2 is rotated by an arbitrary prime mover to move the machine body frame 1 across the position above the ridge of the headed vegetable A in the field, the presence / absence sensor 9 of the detection unit 5 is detected. Detects the presence or absence of head vegetables A.

Further, when the body frame 1 is further advanced and the head vegetable A reaches below the conveying device 14, the cam 3
7 and 37 rotate, and arms 36 and 36 rotate with the rotation of cams 37 and 37,
The engagement hook engaged with the engagement shafts 33, 33 of the holding bodies 19, 19 by rotating the arms 36, 36 downwardly around the shafts 34, 34 and rotating the arms 36, 36.
35, 35 is removed, and the holding bodies 19, 19 in the downward rotation stroke are elastic bodies 32.
To pull the headed vegetables A from the left and right sides.

At the position where the holding bodies 19, 19 of the transfer device 14 hold the head vegetables A, the cutting blade 52 is attached to the tip of the rotating arm 51 whose base is fixed 53 at a desired position above the transfer path of the A. Since the mowing device 50 is provided, when the holding members 19, 19 hold the headed vegetables A from the left and right sides in a fixed state according to the signal of the presence / absence sensor 9, the cutter cylinder 54 is extended to rotate the rotating arm. Rotate 51, and the cutting blade at the tip of the rotating arm 51
At step 52, the head vegetable A is cut, and the holding bodies 19, 19 hold and transport the head vegetable A.

Therefore, since the cutting blade 52 is pinched and cuts the fixed head vegetable A, it can be cut reliably, and the holding bodies 19 and 19 hold and transport the head vegetable A, so that the cut head vegetable A It is transported securely and prevents leakage.

Further, since the cutting blade 52 cuts only the sandwiched head vegetables A, the cutting blade 52 does not interfere with other machine parts and the head vegetables A.

A guide rail 3 is provided at the end of the downward rotation stroke of the transfer device 14.
9 and 39 are provided, when the rollers 38, 38 of the holding bodies 19, 19 holding the head vegetables A abut against the guide rails 39, 39, the rollers 38, 38 are moved by the guide rails 39, 39. Guided, the holding bodies 19, 19 are forcibly rotated in the opening direction about the shafts 25, 25, and the head vegetables A are discharged.

A storage unit 41 and a storage unit 41 are provided on both left and right sides of the transfer device 14, and a distribution device 44 and a guide unit 47 are provided between the terminal end of the transfer device 14 and each of the storage units 41. Sorting device
Since 44 is rotatably attached to the shaft 45 by the distribution cylinder 46, the head vegetables A placed on the distribution device 44 are stored in one storage part 41 through the guide part 47, during which time. Then, the distribution device 44 is rotated by the expansion and contraction of the distribution cylinder 46, and the next head vegetable A is stored in the other storage section 41.

Since the mounting tables 48, 48 of the box 49 for packing the head vegetables A are provided above the storage sections 41, 41, the boxes 49 are lowered from the mounting table 48, and are sequentially packed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
Since the cutting device 55 is provided between the holding position of 19 and 19 and the release position of the end portion of the downward rotation stroke, the lower surface of the head vegetable A being held and conveyed by each of the holding bodies 19 and 19 of the transfer device 14 Abuts on the positioning rollers 63 of the cutting device 55.

The positioning rollers 63, 63 are mounted on a mounting plate 60, and a disk cutting blade 62 is mounted on the mounting plate 60, and the lower portions of the vertical moving rods 59, 59 fixed to the mounting plate 60 are fixed to a frame 57. The positioning rollers 63, 63 are pushed downward by the lower surface of the head vegetable A, and the positioning rollers 63, 63 are attached to the mounting plate 60.
And the disk cutting blade 62 is moved downward, and the disk cutting blade 62 cuts only the unnecessary root portion 56 of the head vegetable A.

In this case, since the upper surfaces of the positioning rollers 63, 63 are located above the disk cutting blade 62, the disk cutting blade 62 is positioned with respect to the head vegetables A by the positioning rollers 63, 63, and requires the lower surface of the head vegetables A. This prevents a malfunction such as disconnection. Further, since the cutting device 55 is provided with the disk cutting blade 62 in the transfer passage of the transfer device 14, it works reliably.

(Effects) A conventionally known Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-279715 discloses a self-propelled body frame to which a traveling device is attached, and a presence / absence sensor provided at a front position of the body frame for detecting the presence or absence of head vegetables in a field. And a transport device in which two holding bodies for holding and transporting the head vegetables by the signal of the presence / absence sensor are connected, and a head vegetable harvester provided on a machine frame operated by the signal of the presence / absence sensor. In the above, the mowing device is integrally mounted inside a holding body of the transporting device, cuts the head vegetables in the field while holding the head vegetables from right and left sides, and moves together with the mowing device. It describes a harvested head vegetable harvester. In addition, JP 63
-279716 and JP-A-48-80336, a self-propelled body frame equipped with a traveling device, and an endless transport device provided with left and right holding bodies for holding and transporting the head vegetables,
A head vegetable harvester including a head vegetable harvesting device provided on a body frame is described.

However, what is described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-279715 is a state in which the reaper is integrally mounted inside the holding body of the transfer device, and the head vegetables in the field are held from the left and right sides. Although a head vegetable harvester configured to move along with the reaping device is described, since the reaping device is mounted inside each holding body of the transport device, a plurality of reaping devices are provided. Since the cutting is performed while holding the head from the left and right sides, the heading vegetables move when the heading vegetables are cut, which makes it difficult to cut the heading vegetables.
Also, JP-A-63-279716 and JP-A-48-80336
Because the head described in Japanese Patent Publication No. JP-A No. 10-260,000 is cut without being pinched from the left and right sides, the headed vegetables move when cutting the headed vegetables. There was something I couldn't do.

However, the present invention provides a self-propelled body frame 1 to which a traveling device 2 is attached, a presence / absence sensor 9 provided at a front position of the body frame 1 for detecting presence / absence of a head-mounted vegetable A in a field, and a signal from the presence / absence sensor 9. The endless transport device 14 in which a large number of left and right holding bodies 19, 19 for holding and transporting the head vegetable A from the left and right sides, and a head vegetable harvester provided in the body frame 1 which is operated by a signal from the presence / absence sensor 9 50, the cutting device 50 cuts the root portion of the endless transport device 14 in a state where the left and right holding members 19, 19 hold and fix the head vegetable A in the field from the left and right sides. Since the left and right holding members 19, 19 are formed as a head cropping machine configured to continuously transport the cut head vegetables A, even the unstable head vegetables A, the right and left holding members 19,
Since it is pinched and fixed from the left and right sides by 19 and cut in that state, it is possible to obtain an effect of easily cutting the head vegetables A.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a plan view of the entire apparatus, FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus, FIG. 3 is a rear view of the apparatus, FIG. 4 is a rear view of the transfer apparatus, FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are diagrams showing the second embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... frame, 2 ... traveling device, 3 ... front wheel, 4
... Rear wheel, 5 ... Detector, 6 ... Moveable contact body, 7 ... Left and right position detector, 8 ... Vertical contact body, 9 ... Presence sensor, 10 ... Parallel link mechanism, 11 ... Roller , 12 ... Endless belt, 13 ... Rotating arm, 14 ... Conveying device, 15 ...
Front gear, 16 Rear gear, 17 Endless body, 18 Mounting plate, 19 Holder, 20 Shaft, 21 Frame, 22
Support stand, 23, 24 ... Cylinder, 25 ... Shaft, 26 ... Nipping part, 27 ... Spring, 31 ... Anti-slip body, 32 ... Elastic body, 33
... engagement shaft, 34 ... shaft, 35 ... engagement hook, 36 ... arm, 37 ... cam, 38 ... roller, 39 ... guide rail,
41 ... Reservoir, 42 ... Roller, 43 ... Endless belt, 44
... Distributing device, 45 ... Shaft, 46 ... Distributing cylinder, 47 ...
Guide part, 48… Mounting table, 49… Box, 50… Harvester, 51
…… Rotating arm, 52 …… Cutting blade, 53 …… Axle stop, 54 …… Cutting cylinder, 55 …… Cutting device, 56 …… Root, 57 …… Frame, 58 …… Mounting rod, 59 …… Up and down moving rod, 60 mounting plate, 61 motor, 62 disk cutting blade, 63 positioning roller, 64 shaft, 65 spring.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 45/26

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A self-propelled body frame 1 to which a traveling device 2 is attached, a presence / absence sensor 9 provided at a front position of the body frame 1 for detecting the presence or absence of a head vegetable A in a field, and a signal from the presence / absence sensor 9 Endless transporting device that connects a large number of left and right holding bodies 19, 19 for holding and transporting head vegetables A from the left and right sides by
14 and a harvesting device 50 for the head vegetable A provided on the machine body frame 1 operated by a signal from the presence / absence sensor 9, wherein the harvesting device 50 is configured such that the left and right holding members 19, 19 of the endless transport device 14 are disposed. In a state where the head vegetable A in the field is pinched and fixed from the left and right sides, its root is cut, and the left and right holding members 19, 19 are configured to continuously transport the cut head vegetable A. Machine.