JP2795452B2 - Interface for iontophoresis - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an interface (skin abutment) for iontophoresis.

The interface in iontophoresis has a structure in which a reservoir for holding a chemical solution and an electrode for current distribution are combined.

The structure of the reservoir must ensure that the drug reaches a predetermined amount over time to the interface with the skin of the living body, but since the reservoir itself is three-dimensional and passes through water, it is necessary to dilute the drug or remove water. However, a sufficient structure has not yet been proposed.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an interface having a structure suitable for iontophoresis, that is, a structure capable of performing accurate and safe medication.

 The features of the present invention are as follows.

The present invention mainly relates to a drug layer (hard porous layer) containing a drug in a porous body made of ceramics or the like, a water supply reservoir layer holding water, and a water supply reservoir layer formed of the drug layer and the water supply reservoir layer. By passing the ceramic porous body in between, this ceramic porous body is energized, that is, at the time of medication,
The function of supplying the water of the reservoir to the drug layer by the electroosmotic effect is performed.

Electroosmosis is a phenomenon in which a liquid is divided into two chambers by a substance having a capillary structure or a porous structure, and an electrode is placed in both the liquids and a DC voltage is applied, whereby the liquid moves. The direction of movement of the liquid is determined by the sign of the ξ-potential between the liquid and the substance.

Therefore, even when the drug layer is in a dry state, it always forms a water-containing state during administration.

In the present invention, the ceramic porous body has semi-permeability.

Therefore, although water flows from the water supply reservoir layer to the drug layer, the function of preventing the leaching of drugs and various bacteria from the drug layer to the water supply reservoir layer to maintain a high drug concentration is performed.

Examples of the porous body forming the drug layer include unfired ceramics, ceramic porous bodies such as alumina and zirconia, and synthetic resin materials. Generally, the average pore size is preferably several μm to several hundred μm, and the porosity is usually preferably about 30 to 90%. The pore size and porosity are both selected as appropriate according to the number of sweat glands in the applicable skin, the dose of the drug used, and are not particularly limited.

It is to be noted that a ceramic material formed into a capillary structure by laser processing can also be suitably used. Further, the thickness of these materials is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably about 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

In addition, although a hard material is preferably used for these interface forming means, a soft fill or sheet material may be used in some cases (that is, if the capillary or the like is non-deformable).

The reservoir layer for water replenishment is exemplified by a container structure, one impregnated with water storage fibers such as cotton, PVA sponge, cellulose triacetate, or a swollen gel holding water. If necessary, a structure in which the periphery is covered with a cup formed of a hard resin to prevent evaporation to the outside can be adopted.

The ceramic porous body is a ceramic porous body made of unfired, alumina, zirconia, or the like, and the average pore size is generally good enough to be several μm to several hundred μm (for example, 0.40 μm).
± 0.10). The porosity is usually preferably about 30 to 90%.

The pore size and porosity are both selected as appropriate according to the number of sweat glands in the applicable skin, the dose of the drug used, and are not particularly limited.

The water shown in the present invention is not limited to this, and may be an electrolyte solution such as sodium chloride.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a reservoir layer for hydration,
As described above, a porous body impregnated with water or an electrolyte solution, or a swollen gel-like body described above is used.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a ceramic porous body, and reference numeral 3 denotes a hard porous body containing a drug. The hydration reservoir layer 1, the ceramic porous body 2, and the hard porous body 3 are laminated as shown in the drawing.
An electrode 4 made of a conductive rubber, a conductive polymer, a carbon film, an aluminum foil or a metal foil is laminated. These laminated structures are covered and supported and fixed by the flexible support member 6.

The support member 6 further extends to the living skin surface 01, and various adhesives and adhesives 11 are provided on the contact surface with the living skin surface 01.

Next, another structure is shown in FIG. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a pair of electrodes and a power supply unit.

The hydration reservoir layer 1 forms a closed space by mounting a rigid cup member 5 and a laminate of the ceramic porous body 2 and the hard porous body 3 at the opening of the cup member 5, An electrolyte solution or water is drawn into this space. Further, the surface of the cup member 5 is covered with a flexible support member 6. The electrode 4 is mounted on the inner upper surface of the cup member 5.

The support member 6 extends to the surface of the living skin, and a counter electrode 9 made of the same material as the electrode 4 is attached to a contact surface with the surface of the living skin, and the surface of the counter electrode 9 has further adhesiveness. Conductive gel layer 7 (eg, used for biological electrodes)
Is attached and fixed.

On the upper surface of the cup member 5, a power supply unit 8 that includes a battery and an IC and performs electric output is mounted. The power supply unit 8 is connected to the electrode 4 and the counter electrode 9 by conductive wires (conductive wires are not shown).

It is preferable that the extraction port for extracting water into the cup member 5 has an opening / closing mechanism (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
The shape illustrated in Japanese Patent Publication No.

When the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is used, the conductive gel layer 7
Is adhered to the living skin surface 01, the hard porous layer 3 is also in good contact with the living skin surface 01, and the electrode 4 and the counter electrode 9
In the meantime, a closed circuit is obtained via the living skin tissue, and preparation for administration is completed.

The chemical solution contained in the hard porous layer 3 is not limited to its molecular weight and other various amounts. However, the interface of the present invention is suitable for the efficiency of iontophoresis, even though the dose is particularly small. It is useful mainly for peptide-based drugs such as insulin, which maintain the highest possible concentrations and require the presence of sufficient water.

Antitussive expectorant sodium cromoglycate, ketotifen fumarate bronchodilator formoterol fumarate analgesic narbuphine hydrochloride, pentazocine lactate, diclofenac sodium cardiotonic agent dopamine hydrochloride psychoneuric stabilizer perphenazine, phenothiazine antibiotic cefotetan disodium sulfate, dibecacin sulfate Netilmycin, sisomicin sulfate Antineoplastic agent Adriamycin, Mitomycin C, Bleomycin hydrochloride, Lentinan, Picibanil, Vincristine sulfate, Cisplatin Circulating function improver Nicametate citrate, Meclofenoxate hydrochloride,
Lisulide maleate, Calcium hopantenate Gout treatment Allopurinol Other peptides LHRH, Enkephalin, Endorphin, Interferon, Insulin, Calcitonin, TRH, Oxytocin, Ripressin, Vasopressin, Glucagon, Pituitary hormone (HGH, HMG, HCG, Desmopressin acetate) As described in detail above, the present invention can provide an appropriate water supply without diluting the drug solution contained in the hard porous layer 3 by interposing the ceramic porous body, and furthermore, the living body surface or the outside. Thus, it is possible to prevent bacteria that intrude from the water supply layer from infiltrating into the water replenishing layer, and to have effects such as performing accurate medication for a long period of time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

 1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water supply reservoir layer, 2 ... Ceramic porous body, 3 ... Hard porous body (drug layer), 4 ... Electrode, 6 ... Support member, 01 ... Living skin surface.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An iontophoresis interface comprising a reservoir layer for water supply, a hard porous layer made of a ceramic material, and a ceramic porous body interposed between the two layers.