JP2791379B2 - Method of manufacturing solid mixed feed - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a livestock solid (cube, column, block) mixed feed containing a calcium salt as a main component.

b. Conventional technology To promote livestock growth, maintain health and improve productivity,
Additives such as phosphorus, calcium and other minerals, vitamins, amino acids and the like, or prophylactic agents having a bowel-regulating effect such as lactic acid bacteria are supplied. These cannot be said to have a very good taste by themselves,
At present, livestock farmers generally use commercially available powdered or pelletized premixes. However, in any case, in the case of salary, operations such as weighing and stirring are accompanied. Therefore, in recent years, the method of feeding solid livestock by freely licking livestock has become widespread.

c. Problems to be Solved by the Invention Most of the solid feed is mainly solid salt containing salt as a main component (containing 50% or more). In order to solidify inorganic salts such as salt, As a pretreatment, raw material moisture such as salt is adjusted, and the mixture is molded at a high pressure of 1000 to 1500 kg / cm ² by a pressure molding machine. In particular, when a calcium salt is used as a main component, a higher pressure is required, and it is very difficult to solidify such a solid feed.

d. Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in solidifying a calcium salt, without adjusting the water content of the raw material unlike a conventional solid salt, and at an extremely low pressure. It is intended to provide a method for producing a solid mixed feed that can be solidified by heating.

That is, the present invention produces a mixture containing monocalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate at a ratio of 2: 1 to 5: 2, and mixes and mixes the mixture within 70% or more and other feed additives within 30%. Then, the above problem was solved by providing a solid mixed feed characterized by applying a low pressure to form a solid.

Here, the feed additive is composed of amino acids, vitamins or minerals, lactic acid bacteria as a probiotic agent, or additives that increase palatability, and is composed of some combination of these additives.

The present inventors have reported that as calcium salts, monobasic calcium phosphate (Ca (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₂ H ₂ O) and calcium carbonate (CaC
When O ₃ ) was mixed in an appropriate ratio, the following reaction was performed to generate dihydrate of dibasic calcium phosphate, and attention was paid to promoting caking.

Ca (H ₂ PO ₄ ) ₂ .H ₂ O + CaCO ₃ → 2CaHPO ₄ .2H ₂ O + CO ₂ ↑ Then, in order to further promote the consolidation by the above reaction, the mixture is treated at a low pressure in an appropriate mold, and this is treated at room temperature. It is completely solidified by being left for about 24 hours to obtain a strong solid feed.

The mixing ratio of the first calcium phosphate and the calcium carbonate was determined as follows.

First, a plurality of mixtures were prepared in each of which the mixing ratio was changed as shown in Table 1 for the test groups and
0 g was pressed using an iron mold of about 50 mm cubic at a pressure of 50 kgw / cm ² for 30 seconds to form a solid, which was left at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a solid.

As a result of measuring the strength of this solid, the results shown in the same table were obtained.

From the results shown in Table 1, the mixing ratios of the first calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate were each simple substance (test group,
), When the mixing ratio of calcium carbonate exceeded that of the monobasic calcium phosphate (test group), it was found that the solidification was extremely poor and was unsuitable as a solid feed. That is, favorable results were obtained depending on the test group.

Next, the solids in the test section were stacked in a total of 27 pieces (total weight: 2700 g) for 3 pieces in length, width and height, packed with kraft paper, and then subjected to a forced vibration for 30 seconds by a Dalton vibrating sieve. Was applied. As a result, the weight of the collapsed powder is
The weight was about 9% (280 g) in the test plot and about 2% (60 g) in the test plot.

From the above results, it was found that if the mixing ratio of the first calcium phosphate and the calcium carbonate is in the range of 2: 1 to 5: 2, a cube-shaped solid feed of a calcium salt which is difficult to disintegrate at a low molding pressure can be obtained.

Next, the extent to which other additives could be added to the solid feed was examined in the following manner. That is, the primary calcium phosphate: calcium carbonate was adjusted to 5: 2, and in order to improve the palatability of the mineral mixed feed, alfalfa meal, which was generally blended, was added at various ratios shown in Table 2, and the test was carried out. The strength of the cube-shaped solid feed molded under the same conditions as above was investigated. The results were as shown in Table 2.

From these results, it was found that moderate strength could be maintained as a solid feed even if other additives were added, up to an addition rate of 30%.

Next, in order to confirm the disintegration property of the cube-shaped solid feed with respect to the aqueous solution, the molded product of the test group obtained in the previous test was adjusted to PH6.5 corresponding to the rumen's rumen gastric juice PH. It was immersed in an aqueous solution for 30 minutes, and the disintegration degree after stirring was investigated. Table 2 shows the results.

As a result, in the test plot, disintegration of 90% or more was obtained, and it was confirmed that about 100 g of the cube-shaped solid feed containing an organic substance such as alfalfa meal could be sufficiently digested.

It should be noted that the test plot containing no organic matter was further immersed in a solution adjusted to PH2 equivalent to the rumen's abomasum fluid PH for 30 minutes and stirred, and it was found that most of it collapsed. It was confirmed that the solid feed according to the present invention did not affect digestibility.

Next, when the block-shaped solid salt or the like is left outdoors, it is required to have a pressure resistance of 100 kgw / cm ² or more to maintain its shape due to the influence of rainwater and the like. Therefore, in the present invention, calcium phosphate: calcium carbonate 2: 1
When the mixture of (equivalent to the test section) was molded by the above method for each of 500 g, 1000 g, 2000 g and 5000 g, the pressure resistance of the molded solid feed was 100 / kgw / cm ² or more, We examined how much molding pressure was required. Table 4 shows the results.

In measuring the compressive strength of the solid feed, one that had been left in a room for 24 hours after pressure molding was used.

From these results, it can be seen that as the weight of the solid feed generally increases, the molding pressure required to obtain the required compressive strength of 100 kgw / cm ² tends to increase, but the solid feed generally used at present is Since the weight of the product is about 5 kg, it has been found that according to the present invention, if a molding pressure of about 400 kgw / cm ² is applied, a block-shaped feed that can withstand even outdoors can be obtained.

In this case, it was also confirmed that if 5% water was added to the above mixture and kneaded, and the mixture was molded under the same conditions, the pressure resistance was further enhanced by about 20%. . When 5% or more of water is added, it is difficult to be solidified, a drying step is required, and there is a problem that monobasic calcium phosphate is dissolved in water.

e. Example 600 kg of monobasic calcium phosphate, 300 kg of calcium carbonate,
30 kg of salt, 50 kg of a premix containing trace minerals such as various vitamins, amino acids, iron and copper, and 20 kg of alfalfa meal were mixed and stirred. After adding 5% water, the mixture was kneaded with a kneader.

After molding this predetermined amount in a cubic mold under the above-mentioned low pressure and leaving it to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, a cube-shaped solid feed having a pressure resistance of 100 kgw / cm ² or more was obtained in high yield.

Apply this cube-shaped solid feed to 20 milking cows once a day.
When two heads (equivalent to 100g) were paid for 60 days,
Lactation performance was able to be improved as before. And
Thereafter, no cases of calcium or phosphorus deficiency were observed for six months.

f. Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the method for producing a solid mixed feed according to the present invention, when solidifying calcium salts, the water content of the raw material is not adjusted as in conventional solid salts, and the pressure is extremely low. The mixed feed can be easily solidified into a cube, a cylinder, a block or the like.

According to the method of the present invention, in addition to the mixture of monobasic calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate, up to 30% of amino acids, bitanmin and other substances having high nutritional value can be blended without depletion.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mixture containing monocalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate in a ratio of 2: 1 to 5: 2 is prepared, and said mixture is reduced to 70%.
As described above, a method for producing a solid mixed feed, comprising mixing and mixing other feed additives within 30%, and applying a low pressure to the mixture to form a solid. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising adding up to 5% of water to the mixture, kneading the mixture, and applying a low pressure to form a solid. 2. The method for producing a solid mixed feed according to claim 1. 3. The feed additive comprises amino acids, vitamins or minerals, a lactic acid bacterium which is a probiotic agent, or an additive which increases palatability, and comprises some combination of these additives. The method for producing a fixed mixed feed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein