JP2789951B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly, to an absorption refrigerator comprising a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber. A solution pipe provided with a liquid supply unit, a refrigerant circuit provided with a refrigerant pump between the refrigerant liquid reservoir and the refrigerant liquid supply unit, and having a solution pump between the absorber and the generator; With
The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator in which a dilute solution having absorbed a refrigerant is returned from the absorber to the generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of absorption chiller includes refrigeration and air conditioning technology VOL. 20, NO. 230 (Showa 44
Monthly publications) are known from pages 52 to 69. In this absorption refrigerator, as shown in FIG. 2, a generator A, a condenser B, and a heat exchanger C are provided at a lower portion, and an absorber D and an evaporator E are provided at an upper portion of each of these devices. On the other hand, a refrigerant reservoir F formed at the bottom of the evaporator E
And a refrigerant distribution device G provided on the upper side, and a refrigerant circulation path H
And the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant reservoir F of the evaporator E to the refrigerant pump I disposed below the heat exchanger C through the refrigerant circulation path H by the refrigerant pump I to distribute the refrigerant in the refrigerant spraying device. G, and the refrigerant is evaporated by dispersing the refrigerant from the refrigerant dispersing device G to the cold water pipe J, and the cold water flowing through the cold water pipe J is cooled by the heat of evaporation of the refrigerant at this time.

[0003] A solution pipe L is connected between a solution spraying device K provided above the absorber D and the heat exchanger C,
A concentrated solution is supplied from the generator A by the solution pump M disposed below the heat exchanger C as indicated by an arrow in the solution tube L.
Is supplied to the solution spraying device K through the above, and by spraying the concentrated solution from the solution spraying device K to the cooling water pipe N, the vapor generated in the evaporator E is absorbed in the solution.

By the way, as described above, in the structure in which the liquid refrigerant is circulated and supplied from the refrigerant liquid reservoir F to the refrigerant dispersion device G through the refrigerant circulation path H, a mist-like liquid is supplied from the absorber D. When the solution flows into the evaporator E, the purity of the refrigerant decreases. When the purity of the refrigerant decreases due to the contamination of the refrigerant by the solution, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator E increases and the evaporator E
The cooling capacity of the device is reduced. For this reason, in the conventional example described above, the refrigerant pump I in the refrigerant circuit H
A refrigerant regeneration pipe P provided with an electromagnetic valve O is branched between the refrigerant spraying device G and the refrigerant spraying device G. When the electromagnetic valve O is opened, the refrigerant pump I sends the refrigerant to the refrigerant spraying device G. The whole amount is supplied to the generator A and evaporated. In addition, the solenoid valve O is opened periodically by a timer to regenerate the refrigerant contaminated by the solution without visually monitoring the state of contamination of the refrigerant, and the evaporation temperature increases due to the contamination of the refrigerant by the solution. And the deterioration of the capacity of the evaporator E is prevented.

A refrigerant supply pipe Q supplies the refrigerant condensed in the condenser B to the evaporator E through the refrigerant circulation path H.

[0006]

However, in the above absorption refrigerator, the refrigerant regeneration pipe P branches off from between the refrigerant pump I and the refrigerant distribution device G, and the refrigerant distribution device G is Since the liquid refrigerant is higher than the branch position of the regeneration pipe P, when the electromagnetic valve O is opened to return the liquid refrigerant to the generator A for regeneration, most of the liquid refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation path H is generated by the generator A. And the performance in the evaporator E is remarkably reduced, so that normal operation cannot be continued. Further, since the solenoid valve O is periodically opened by the timer and the refrigerant contaminated by the solution is regenerated by the opening operation of the solenoid valve O, the refrigerant is regenerated by failure of the timer and the solenoid valve O. There was also a problem that the timer and the solenoid valve O had to be regularly maintained and inspected in order to prevent it from becoming impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to regenerate an evaporator during operation without deteriorating the capacity of the evaporator and to reduce the purity of the liquid refrigerant to a lower evaporating temperature without performing periodic maintenance. The point is to be able to maintain the purity to such an extent that no influence is exerted.

[0008]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a generator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, and an absorber 4.
A refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is provided at a bottom portion of the evaporator 3, a refrigerant liquid supply portion 7 is provided at an upper portion, and a refrigerant pump 8 is provided between the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 and the refrigerant liquid supply portion 7. Refrigerant circuit 9
And a solution pipe 14 having a solution pump 12 is provided between the absorber 4 and the generator 1 so that the dilute solution that has absorbed the refrigerant is returned from the absorber 4 to the generator 1. An absorption refrigerator, which is provided with a flow rate adjusting mechanism 22 at an outlet side of the refrigerant pump 8 in the refrigerant circulation path 9, wherein a part of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is supplied to the absorber 4 or the solution pipe. 14 is provided with a refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 to be bypassed.

In addition , the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 on the downstream side of the flow control mechanism 22 and the refrigerant reservoir 6 of the condenser 2 and the evaporator 3
It is provided with a heat exchanger 23 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant supply pipe 10 for connecting and.

[0010]

A part of the refrigerant liquid circulated and supplied from the refrigerant liquid reservoir to the refrigerant liquid supply section is gradually supplied to the absorber through the refrigerant regeneration pipe having the flow rate adjusting mechanism.
Alternatively, since the refrigerant is bypassed by the solution pipe 14, the bypassed refrigerant is sent to the generator 1 and evaporated by the generator 1, and the refrigerant liquid circulating through the evaporator 3 can be regenerated. Therefore, the refrigerant contaminated with the solution is constantly regenerated during operation without reducing the capacity of the evaporator at the time of regenerating the refrigerant as in the conventional example and without regularly performing maintenance and inspection of the timer and the solenoid valve. Thus, it is possible to prevent the performance of the evaporator 3 from decreasing due to the solution contamination of the refrigerant.

A heat exchanger 23 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 downstream of the flow control mechanism 22 and the refrigerant supply pipe 10 connecting the condenser 2 and the refrigerant reservoir 6 of the evaporator 3. Is provided, the high-temperature refrigerant flowing from the condenser 2 into the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is cooled by utilizing the low-temperature refrigerant bypassed to the absorber 4 or the solution pipe 14 by the heat exchanger 23. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a water hammer due to the flushing of the refrigerant liquid generated when the refrigerant liquid flows into the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 without cooling.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The absorption refrigerator shown in FIG. 1 comprises a generator 1 for heating a solution by supplying heated steam, a condenser 2 for condensing refrigerant vapor evaporated by the generator 1, an evaporator 3, The evaporator 3 and the absorber 4 are provided in one container 5, and the inside of the container 5 is divided into the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4 by an eliminator 51 and a partition 52.
Further, a refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is formed at the bottom of the evaporator 3 and a refrigerant liquid supply unit 7 composed of a spray device for spraying the refrigerant onto the cooling pipe 31 is provided at the upper part. A refrigerant circulation path 9 including a refrigerant pump 8 is provided between the supply part 7 and the refrigerant circulation path 9. The liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is circulated and supplied to the refrigerant liquid supply part 7.

The refrigerant condensed in the condenser 2 is provided between the condenser 2 and the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6.
A solution supply pipe 10 having a solution pump 12 and a heat exchanger 13 is provided between the generator 1 and a solution liquid reservoir 11 formed below the absorber 4 while a refrigerant supply pipe 10 is connected to the supply pipe 10.
4 is provided, and the diluted solution having absorbed the refrigerant is transferred to the heat exchanger 13.
And then return to the generator 1;
Between the absorber 4 and the generator 1, the concentrated solution of the generator 1 is supplied through the heat exchanger 13 to a solution supply unit 15 composed of a spray device provided above the absorber 4. A concentrated solution pipe 16 is provided to absorb the refrigerant vapor evaporated by the evaporator 3 in the absorber 4 into a solution.

In the absorption refrigerator shown in FIG. 1, refrigeration is performed by using a solution of lithium bromide or the like and absorbing the refrigerant vapor into the solution. Also,
In FIG. 1, 17 is a heating device for heating the solution in the generator 1 with steam, 18 is an eliminator provided between the generator 1 and the condenser 2, and 19 is a refrigerant vapor in the condenser 2. A cooling water pipe 20 for condensing is a cooling water pipe provided in the absorber 4.

According to the present invention, in the absorption refrigerating machine configured as described above, the absorber 4 branches off from the refrigerant circuit 9 to the outlet side of the refrigerant pump 8 in the refrigerant circuit 9. A refrigerant regenerating pipe 21 communicating with the solution liquid reservoir 11 is provided, and a flow regulating mechanism 22 mainly composed of an orifice having a predetermined flow resistance is interposed in the refrigerant regenerating pipe 21. Liquid supply unit 7
A part of the refrigerant to be supplied to the refrigerant is bypassed to the solution reservoir 11, and the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 and the refrigerant supply pipe 10
A heat exchanger 23 is provided between the refrigerant supply pipe 10 and the refrigerant supply pipe 10 flowing from the condenser 2 to the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 by a low-temperature refrigerant liquid flowing downstream of the flow rate adjusting mechanism 22 by the heat exchanger 23. It is possible to cool the high-temperature liquid refrigerant. Reference numeral 24 denotes an auxiliary regeneration pipe provided with an on-off valve 25.

Next, the operation of the absorption refrigerator configured as described above will be described.

The refrigerant liquid supplied from the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 to the refrigerant liquid supply section 7 through the refrigerant circulation path 9 is scattered on the cooling pipe 31 and evaporates.
While cooling the cooling water flowing through 1, the evaporated refrigerant vapor was absorbed by the solution flowing down from the solution supply unit 15 provided above the absorber 4 after passing through the eliminator 51, and absorbed the refrigerant vapor. The diluted solution is the solution reservoir 1
1 returns to the generator 1 via the heat exchanger 13.

A part of the refrigerant liquid circulated and supplied from the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 to the refrigerant liquid supply part 7 is gradually supplied to the solution liquid reservoir of the absorber 4 through the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 during operation. 11 and the refrigerant liquid flowing into the solution reservoir 11
The refrigerant that is sent from the solution reservoir 11 to the generator 1 can be regenerated by evaporation in the generator 1, and the refrigerant that circulates in the circulation path 9 while continuing operation by regenerating the refrigerant liquid Can be maintained at such a level that does not affect the decrease in the evaporation temperature (for example, 2% or less). Moreover, the amount of the refrigerant liquid bypassed to the solution liquid reservoir 11 of the absorber 4 is not the entire amount of the refrigerant liquid circulating in the circulation path 9 but a part thereof, Since it does not reduce the amount of the refrigerant liquid sprayed on the top, there is no decrease in the performance of the evaporator 3.
In addition, the refrigerant liquid bypass to the solution liquid reservoir 11 is always performed during the operation, and is regenerated while the operation is being performed to maintain the refrigerant purity. There is no need to perform maintenance inspections such as these. The on-off valve 25 of the auxiliary regeneration pipe 24 can be opened to periodically regenerate the refrigerant. In this case, it goes without saying that the reproduction interval can be extended as compared with the conventional example, and it is not particularly necessary.

In the case where the heat exchanger 23 is provided as described above, the refrigerant liquid which flows from the condenser 2 into the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 to bypass the high-temperature refrigerant liquid to the solution liquid reservoir 11 is provided. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a water hammer due to the flushing of the coolant liquid generated when the coolant flows into the coolant reservoir 6 without cooling.

Incidentally, the embodiment shown in FIG.
Although the single-effect absorption refrigerator which condenses the refrigerant vapor generated in the above in the condenser 2 has been described, the invention may be applied to a double-effect absorption refrigerator using a high-temperature and low-temperature generator. Although the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 is connected to the solution reservoir 11, the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 may be connected to the solution pipe 14, or the flow rate of the refrigerant bypassed to the solution reservoir 11 using the orifice may be a predetermined flow rate. However, a predetermined flow rate may be set using a capillary or a flow rate control valve.

[0021]

As described above, the present invention comprises a generator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3 and an absorber 4, and a refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is provided at the bottom of the evaporator 3, and And a refrigerant circulation path 9 provided with a refrigerant pump 8 between the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 and the refrigerant liquid supply section 7, and a connection between the absorber 4 and the generator 1. An absorption refrigerator in which a solution pipe 14 having a solution pump 12 is provided therebetween to return a dilute solution having absorbed a refrigerant from the absorber 4 to the generator 1. On the outlet side of the refrigerant pump 8, a flow rate adjusting mechanism 22 is provided, and a part of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is supplied to the absorber 4 or the solution pipe 14.
Is provided, a part of the refrigerant liquid circulated and supplied from the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 to the refrigerant liquid supply unit 7 is gradually passed through the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 to the absorber 4 or The refrigerant bypassed by the solution pipe 14 is sent to the generator 1 and evaporated by the generator 1, so that the refrigerant can be regenerated without lowering the capacity of the evaporator 3. Therefore, the refrigerant contaminated with the solution is constantly regenerated during operation without reducing the capacity of the evaporator at the time of regenerating the refrigerant as in the conventional example and without regularly performing maintenance and inspection of the timer and the solenoid valve. Can be
It is possible to prevent the performance of the evaporator 3 from lowering due to the solution contamination of the refrigerant.

A heat exchanger 23 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 downstream of the flow rate adjusting mechanism 22 and the refrigerant supply pipe 10 connecting the condenser 2 and the refrigerant reservoir 6 of the evaporator 3. Is provided, the high-temperature refrigerant liquid flowing from the condenser 2 to the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 in the heat exchanger 23 is bypassed from the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 to the absorber 4 or the solution pipe 14 at a low temperature. Since cooling can be performed by the refrigerant liquid, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of water hammer due to the flushing of the refrigerant liquid that occurs when the refrigerant liquid flows into the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 without cooling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a piping diagram of an absorption refrigerator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a piping system diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Generator 2 Condenser 3 Evaporator 4 Absorber 6 Refrigerant liquid reservoir 7 Refrigerant liquid supply part 8 Refrigerant pump 9 Refrigerant circulation path 10 Refrigerant supply pipe 12 Solution pump 14 Solution pipe 21 Refrigerant regeneration pipe 22 Flow rate adjusting mechanism 23 Heat exchanger

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An evaporator includes a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber. A refrigerant liquid reservoir is provided at a bottom part of the evaporator, and a refrigerant liquid supply part is provided at an upper part of the evaporator. A solution circulation path 9 having a coolant pump 8 is provided between the coolant reservoir 6 and the coolant supply unit 7, and a solution pipe having a solution pump 12 between the absorber 4 and the generator 1. 14. An absorption refrigerator in which a dilute solution having absorbed refrigerant is returned from the absorber 4 to the generator 1 by providing a refrigerant flow path 14 at the outlet side of the refrigerant pump 8 in the refrigerant circulation path 9. Adjustment mechanism 22
And a part of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid reservoir 6 is transferred to the absorber 4
Alternatively, a refrigerant regeneration pipe 21 for bypassing the solution pipe 14 is provided , and a refrigerant recycle pipe downstream of the flow control mechanism 22 is provided .
The raw tube 21 is connected to the condenser 2 and the refrigerant reservoir 6 of the evaporator 3.
The heat exchanger 23 that exchanges heat with the refrigerant supply pipe 10
An absorption type refrigerator characterized by being provided .