JP2783420B2 - Engine intake system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an intake device for an engine having an annular passage.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, various supercharging systems have been tried for improving the output of an engine, and as one of them, a dynamic supercharging system using a pressure wave of intake air is known. As the dynamic supercharging, a resonance supercharging using a resonance action of the pressure wave of intake air and an inertial supercharging using an inertial force are generally used. Usually, the resonance supercharging is performed in a low engine speed range. To use inertia supercharging in the high rotation range.

However, in order to sufficiently obtain the inertia supercharging effect, a large expansion chamber which becomes the reversal part of the pressure wave is required, and in order to sufficiently obtain the resonance supercharging effect, the length of the intake passage is considerably lengthened. In any case, there is a problem that the size of the intake system becomes large and the suitability for mounting on a vehicle is impaired.

Under such circumstances, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-263219, a sufficient length of the intake passage is obtained in a state where the intake passage is formed in a ring shape to suppress the enlargement of the intake system as much as possible. Is known in order to improve engine output.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in this known example, although a considerable effect can be obtained in terms of downsizing of the intake system and improvement of the engine output, due to its configuration, the pressure on the upstream side of the intake passage is reduced. Only three types of supercharging effects can be obtained: a resonance supercharging effect as a reversing portion, a resonance supercharging effect using an annular passage, and an inertial supercharging effect using a collecting passage portion as a pressure reversing portion (that is, the torque peak is reduced). (Only three are obtained), and there is room for improvement in that high power of the engine can be obtained in a wider rotation range.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an intake system for an engine that can obtain a supercharging effect in a wider rotation range by making full use of features of an intake system having the annular passage. .

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention employs the following configuration as means for solving the problems.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, an air cleaner or the like is enlarged at an upstream end of a collecting passage that collects the independent intake passages connected to the combustion chambers of the multi-cylinder engine. While connecting the intake upstream passage with the
In an engine in which the upstream end and the downstream end of the collecting passage are connected to each other by a connecting passage to form an annular passage which circulates between the collecting passage and the connecting passage, the connecting passage is connected to each of the combustion chambers and the collecting passage. And the connection passage and each of the independent intake passages are connected to each other via a communication passage provided with an on-off valve in the middle of the connection passage.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 3, an enlarged portion such as an air cleaner is provided at an upstream end of a collecting passage for collecting the independent intake passages connected to the respective combustion chambers of the multi-cylinder engine. An engine configured to connect an intake upstream passage and connect the upstream end and the downstream end of the collecting passage to each other by a connecting passage to form an annular passage orbiting around the collecting passage and the connecting passage; While the passage is located between each of the combustion chambers and the collective passage, the connection passage and each of the independent intake passages are communicated with each other via a communication passage provided with a first on-off valve in the middle of the passage.
A second on-off valve is provided at a position upstream of the connection between each of the independent intake passages and each of the communication passages on the upstream side of the intake passage.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, an air cleaner or the like is enlarged at an upstream end of a collective passage that collects the independent intake passages connected to the respective combustion chambers of the multi-cylinder engine. An engine configured to connect an intake upstream passage having a portion and connect the upstream end and the downstream end of the collecting passage to each other by a connecting passage to form an annular passage orbiting around the collecting passage and the connecting passage. In the above, the connection passage is located between each of the combustion chambers and the collective passage, and the connection passage and each of the independent intake passages are mutually connected through a communication passage provided with a first on-off valve in the middle of the passage. And a second on-off valve is provided in the annular passage.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, in the third aspect of the present invention, the second on-off valve is connected to each of the independent intake passages and each of the communication passages of the annular passage. This is characterized in that it is provided at a position downstream of the intake air from the connection position.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the third aspect of the present invention, the second on-off valve is connected to each of the independent intake passages of the annular passage and the second intake valve. It is characterized in that it is provided at a position downstream of the intake from the connection position with each communication passage.

In the invention according to claim 6, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, a collective passage for collecting the independent intake passages connected to the respective combustion chambers of the multi-cylinder engine, and an upstream end of the collective passage And a downstream end connected by a connection passage, the intake passage of an engine having an annular passage formed in an annular shape and an intake upstream passage communicating the annular passage with the atmosphere. Communication passages for communicating with the passages, a first on-off valve for opening the communication passages at a predetermined rotation speed or more, and opening / closing control arranged at the annular passage at a rotation speed different from the predetermined rotation speed And a second on-off valve.

(Operation) In the present invention, the following operation is obtained by adopting such a configuration.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by opening and closing the connection passage by the on-off valve, the passage contributing to the inertia supercharging action can be divided into an independent intake passage and a connection passage having a shorter passage length than the independent intake passage. In the invention according to claim 2, the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve can be selected as a passage.
By opening both the open / close valve, the passage contributing to the inertia supercharging operation and the passage contributing to the resonance supercharging operation can be divided into an independent intake passage and a connection passage having a shorter passage length than the independent intake passage. In the invention according to claims 3 to 6, a path contributing to the inertial supercharging action by opening and closing the first on-off valve can be selected from two kinds of paths, and by opening and closing the second on-off valve. It is possible to change the length of the passage or the volume of the pressure reversing part.

(Effects of the Invention) Therefore, according to the engine intake device of each invention of the present application,
The combination of the configuration of the annular passage, the installation position of the on-off valve, and the operation control thereof enables the passage conditions for obtaining the inertial supercharging action and the resonance supercharging action to be set as many as possible within the entire rotation range of the engine. Therefore, the flattening of the engine torque on the high torque side is promoted, and the effect that the output performance of the engine is improved is obtained.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment applied to a four-cylinder engine.
An intake device according to an embodiment of the present invention described above is shown, and independent intake passages 3, 3,... Are connected to combustion chambers 2, 2,. Have been. Each of these independent intake passages 3, 3,... Is gathered by a collecting passage 4 on the downstream side.
The upstream end 4a of the collecting passage 4 is provided with a throttle valve.
10, an air flow meter 11 and an air cleaner 12 connected to an intake upstream passage 7.

Further, the upstream end 4a and the downstream end 4b of the collecting passage 4 are connected by a connecting passage 5, and the collecting passage 4 and the connecting passage 5 constitute an annular passage 6 which circulates in a loop. The direction in which the connecting passage 5 is formed is set so as to be located between the collecting passage 4 and the combustion chambers 2, 2,... Of the engine 1. The connection passage 5 is communicated with the independent intake passages 3, 3,... Via communication passages 8, 8,. I have. Each of the on-off valves 9, 9,
It opens and closes in unison.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
By controlling its operation to open in the high engine speed range and close in the low engine speed range,
Thereby making it possible to obtain the effective use of dynamic supercharging effect four torque peaks (indicated by reference numeral T ₁ through T ₄ in FIG.).

That is, a state where the on-off valve 9 is closed (that is, the communication passage 8 is closed and the combustion chamber 2 is connected to the collecting passage 4 via the independent intake passage 3).
), The air cleaner 12 located on the upstream side through the independent intake passage 3, the collecting passage 4, and the intake upstream passage 7 on the lowest rotational speed (region where the rotational speed is n ₁ or less). Is obtained as a pressure reversal part (the symbol T _{1 in} FIG. 7).

In the region of the rotation speeds n _{1 to} n ₂ , the pressure wave circulates from one independent intake passage 3 to the annular passage 6 to the other independent intake passage 3.
The resonance supercharging effect is obtained by transducing
Symbol t _{2 in the} figure.

In the range of the rotation speeds n _{2 to} n ₃ , an inertial supercharging action is obtained in which the collecting passage 4 is a pressure reversing portion via the independent intake passage 5 having the longer passage length among the independent intake passage 5 and the communication passage 8. (code T ₃ of FIG. 7).

In the rotational speed n ₃ or more high rpm, independent intake passage 8
An inertial supercharging action with the connection passage 5 as the pressure reversing portion is obtained via the communication passage 8 having a shorter passage length than that of the communication passage 8 (reference numeral in FIG. 7).
T _4).

As described above, in the intake device according to the first embodiment, the connection passage 5 constituting a part of the annular passage 6 is provided between the combustion chamber 2 of the engine and the collecting passage 4, and the connection passage 5
And the independent intake passage 3 are communicated with each other through a communication passage 8 having an on-off valve 9, and by appropriately opening and closing this on-off valve 9, a total of four resonance supercharging operations and two inertia supercharging operations are achieved. A type of dynamic supercharging effect can be obtained (that is, a dynamic supercharging effect can be obtained in a wider rotation range). For example, only three types of dynamic supercharging effects can be obtained as in the above-mentioned known example. As compared with the case, flattening of the output torque of the engine on the high torque side is promoted, and the output performance is improved.

In this case, as shown by a chain line in FIG. 1, a resonator 13 may be provided at an appropriate position in the intake upstream passage 7 so that the resonator 13 functions as a pressure reversing unit. In this case, the rotational speed range in which resonance supercharging can be obtained can be appropriately changed by adjusting the installation position of the resonator 13, and output characteristics according to the specifications of the engine can be obtained. Becomes

As shown in FIG. 2, when the volumes of the collecting passage 4 and the connecting passage 5 are increased within a range that does not impair the resonance supercharging action, the inertia of the collecting passage 4 and the connecting passage 5 as a pressure reversing portion Supercharging action can be promoted.

Second Embodiment FIG. 3 shows an intake device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This intake device is the same as that of the first embodiment in that the passage configuration itself and the first on-off valve 15 for opening and closing the communication passages 8, 8,. In addition to this, the second on-off valve 1 that opens and closes the independent intake passage 3 at a position closer to the collecting passage 4 than the connection portion of the communication passage 8 of the independent intake passages 3, 3,.
6,16, ... are provided.

In this way, when the first on-off valve 15 is provided in each of the communication passages 8, 8,... And the second on-off valves 16, 16,. as indicated at T ₁ through T ₅ in Figure 8, it is possible to generate a five mountain engine torque by setting the first on-off valve 15 open and close timing of the second on-off valve 16 suitably, the The flattening of the engine output on the high torque side can be achieved even more than in the case of the first embodiment.

Specifically, as the solid line shown in FIG. 8 the operation of the the valves 15 and 16, the second on-off valve in the low rotation side than the engine speed n ₃ by closing the first on-off valve 15 16 On the other hand, the first opening / closing valve 15 is opened and the second opening / closing valve 16 is closed on the higher rotation side than the rotation speed n ₃ .

In such a case, the first rotational speed n ₁ below the lowest speed range, the independent intake passage 3 and manifolds 4 intake passage upstream 7
Thus, a resonance supercharging action is obtained by using the air cleaner 12 as a pressure reversing part (reference T _{1 in} FIG. 8).

Next, in the range of the rotation speeds n _{1 to} n ₂ , one independent intake passage 3
Is transmitted from the independent intake passage 3 into the annular passage 6, and then travels around the annular passage 6 to the other independent intake passage 3, whereby a resonance supercharging effect is obtained. (code T ₂ of the Figure 8).

Further, in the region of the rotational speeds n _{2 to} n _3, an inertial supercharging action is obtained via the independent intake passage 3 and the collective passage 4 as a pressure reversing part (reference T _{3 in} FIG. 8).

In contrast, in the rotational speed n ₃ or more regions, first
The on-off valve 15 opens and the second on-off valve 16 closes. Therefore, in the range of the rotation speeds n _{3 to} n ₄ , the communication passage 8 is opened instead of the independent intake passage 3, so that the pressure wave flows through the one communication passage 8 having a shorter passage length than the independent intake passage 3. After being transmitted to the annular passage 6 through the annular passage 6 and then to the other communication passage 8, a resonance supercharging action is obtained (reference T _{4 in} FIG. 8).

In the rotational speed n ₄ or more regions, the inertia supercharging effect of the pressure reversing part connecting passage 5 via the communication path 8 is obtained (code T ₅ of FIG. 8).

When the operations of the first and second on-off valves 15 and 16 are set as shown by broken lines in FIG. 8, the torque characteristics themselves are the same as those having five peaks of torque in the same manner as described above. However, the contents of the dynamic supercharging are different due to the difference in the passage configuration. That is, in the region rpm n ₂ ~n _3, in the case of the was inertia supercharging effect is in a resonance supercharging effect in this case, also in the case in the region of the rotational speed n ₃ ~n ₄ is the What has been a resonance supercharging action becomes an inertial supercharging action in this case.

Third Embodiment FIG. 4 shows an air intake device according to an embodiment of the present invention as set forth in claims 3, 4, and 6. The intake device according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the second on-off valve 16, 16,.
Are provided in each of the independent intake passages 3, 3,..., Whereas the second on-off valve 16 is provided as one and this is the downstream end of the collective passage 4 forming a part of the annular passage 6. It is provided in. The operation of the on-off valves 15 and 16 is set as shown in FIG. That is, this first open-close valve 15 provided in the communication passage 8 to the high speed region (up to the rotational speed n ₄₎ closed holding, only it has to be opened in this from the high speed side. On the other hand, the second on-off valve 16 provided on the side of the annular passage 6 is provided in the predetermined range (the number of rotations n ₁ to
The valve is closed only in n ₂ ), and is kept open in other areas.

With such a valve configuration and operating characteristics, a torque characteristic having five peaks of torque can be obtained as shown in FIG.

In other words, in the region where the rotation speed is n ₁ or less, a resonance supercharging action in which the air cleaner 12 is a pressure reversal portion is obtained via the independent intake passage 3, the collective passage 4, and the intake upstream passage 7 (reference numeral in FIG. 9). T _1).

In the range of the rotation speeds n _{1 to} n ₂ , since the second on-off valve 16 is closed, the portion of the connection passage 5 acts as a kind of pressure reversing portion, and a resonance supercharging action using the portion as the pressure reversing portion is obtained. (T _{2 in} FIG. 9).

In the range of the rotation speeds n _{2 to} n ₃ , since the second on-off valve 16 is open, the resonance supercharging action is performed by the pressure wave circulating in the annular passage 6 (reference T _{3 in} FIG. 9). ).

In the region of the rotational speed n ₃ ~n ₄ is independent intake passage 3 inertia supercharging effect over the aggregate path 4 as a pressure reversing part is obtained (Figure 9 code T _4).

At a rotational speed n ₄ or more regions, the first on-off valve 15 and the second on-off valve
16 are both opened, but the communication passage 8 having a shorter passage length
Inertial supercharging effect with a pressure reversing part connecting passage 5 through is obtained (code T ₅ of FIG. 9).

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 5 shows an air intake device according to an embodiment of the invention as claimed in claims 3, 5, and 6. The second embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that the second on-off valve 16 is provided at the downstream end of the collecting passage 4,
The on-off valve 16 is provided at an upstream end of the connection passage 5 which forms a part of the annular passage 6. The operating characteristics of the on-off valves 15 and 16 are set as shown in FIG. That is, the first on-off valve 15 is at a rotational speed n ₄ The following region is closed, is opened in more areas. On the other hand, the second on-off valve
16 is closed at a rotational speed n ₁ the following areas, which in the above areas are open.

With such a configuration, a torque characteristic having five torque peaks as shown in the torque diagram of FIG. 9 can be obtained. That is, since the second on-off valve 16 is closed in the region where the rotation speed is n ₁ or less, the volume on the downstream side of the independent intake passage 3 increases due to the volume of the connection passage 5, and these portions are connected to the pressure reversing unit. As a result, a resonance supercharging effect is obtained (reference numeral T _{1 in} FIG. 10).

In the region of the rotation speeds n _{1 to} n _2, the resonance supercharging operation is performed with the air cleaner 12 on the upstream side as a pressure reversal portion (the tenth embodiment).
Symbol T _{2 in the} figure).

In areas rpm n ₂ ~n _3, the pressure wave from the independent intake passage 3 supercharging effect can be obtained resonance by orbiting the annular passage 6 (first 10 Figure codes T _3).

In the region of the number of rotations n _{3 to} n ₄ , an inertial supercharging action is obtained via the independent intake passage 3 with the collecting passage 4 as the pressure reversing portion (reference T _{4 in} FIG. 10).

At a rotational speed n ₄ or more regions, the inertia supercharging effect of the pressure reversing part connecting passage 4 through the communication passage 8 is obtained (code T ₅ of FIG. 10).

Instead of providing the second on-off valve 16 at the upstream end of the connection passage 5 as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. May be provided. In this case, torque characteristics as shown in FIG. 10 are obtained as in the case of FIG.
However, in the region where the rotation speed is n ₁ or less, unlike the above case, the second opening / closing valve 16 is closed, thereby increasing the distance from the upstream end of the independent intake passage 3 to the pressure reversing portion such as the air cleaner 12. A resonance supercharging effect can be obtained in a low rotation range.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a system diagram of an intake device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a modification thereof, FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an intake device according to the second embodiment, and FIG. Third
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of an intake device according to a fourth embodiment, FIG. 6 is a system diagram of a modified example thereof, and FIG. 7 is a system diagram of the intake device shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a torque characteristic diagram of the intake device shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 9 is a torque characteristic diagram of the intake device shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 10 is an intake device shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a torque characteristic diagram in FIG. 1 is an engine, 2 is a combustion chamber, 3 is an independent intake passage, 4 is a collective passage, 5 is a connection passage, 6 is an annular passage, 7 is an intake upstream passage, 8 is a communication passage, 9 is an on-off valve, and 12 is an air cleaner. , 13 is a resonator, 15 is a first on-off valve, and 16 is a second on-off valve.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Mikiko Fujii 3-1, Shinchi, Fuchu-cho, Aki-gun, Hiroshima Mazda Co., Ltd. (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F02B 27 / 02

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] An intake upstream passage having an enlarged portion such as an air cleaner is connected to an upstream end of a collecting passage for collecting independent intake passages connected to respective combustion chambers of a multi-cylinder engine.
In an engine in which the upstream end and the downstream end of the collecting passage are connected to each other by a connecting passage to form an annular passage that circulates between the collecting passage and the connecting passage, the connecting passage is connected to each of the combustion chambers and the collecting passage. Wherein the connection passage and each of the independent intake passages communicate with each other via a communication passage provided with an on-off valve in the middle of the passage. 2. An intake upstream passage having an enlarged portion such as an air cleaner is connected to an upstream end of a collecting passage for collecting independent intake passages connected to respective combustion chambers of a multi-cylinder engine.
In an engine in which the upstream end and the downstream end of the collecting passage are connected to each other by a connecting passage to form an annular passage that circulates between the collecting passage and the connecting passage, the connecting passage is connected to each of the combustion chambers and the collecting passage. The connection passage and each of the independent intake passages are communicated with each other through a communication passage provided with a first on-off valve in the middle of the passage, and the connection passages and the respective independent intake passages are connected to each other. An intake system for an engine, wherein a second on-off valve is provided at a position upstream of the intake with respect to a connection with the passage. 3. An intake upstream passage having an enlarged portion such as an air cleaner is connected to an upstream end of a collecting passage for collecting independent intake passages connected to respective combustion chambers of a multi-cylinder engine.
In an engine in which the upstream end and the downstream end of the collecting passage are connected to each other by a connecting passage to form an annular passage that circulates between the collecting passage and the connecting passage, the connecting passage is connected to each of the combustion chambers and the collecting passage. While connecting the connection passage and each of the independent intake passages to each other via a communication passage provided with a first opening / closing valve in the middle of the connection passage, and connecting a second opening / closing valve to the annular passage. An intake device for an engine, wherein the intake device is provided. 4. The valve according to claim 3, wherein the second on-off valve is provided at a position downstream of the connection of the annular passage with the independent intake passage and the communication passage. Engine intake system to be used. 5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second on-off valve is provided at a position upstream of the connection of the annular passage with each of the independent intake passages and each of the communication passages. Engine intake system to be used. 6. A collective passage for collecting independent intake passages connected to respective combustion chambers of a multi-cylinder engine, and an annular passage formed by connecting an upstream end and a downstream end of the collective passage by a connection passage. And an intake upstream passage that communicates the annular passage with the atmosphere. An intake device for an engine, comprising: a communication passage that communicates the connection passage with each of the independent intake passages; An engine comprising: a first opening / closing valve that opens at a predetermined rotation speed or higher; and a second opening / closing valve that is arranged in the annular passage and that is controlled to open and close at a rotation speed different from the predetermined rotation speed. Intake device.