JP2782745B2 - Free-cutting stainless steel for cold working - Google Patents
Free-cutting stainless steel for cold workingInfo
- Publication number
- JP2782745B2 JP2782745B2 JP63311308A JP31130888A JP2782745B2 JP 2782745 B2 JP2782745 B2 JP 2782745B2 JP 63311308 A JP63311308 A JP 63311308A JP 31130888 A JP31130888 A JP 31130888A JP 2782745 B2 JP2782745 B2 JP 2782745B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- less
- stainless steel
- workability
- cold working
- free
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Description
(産業上の利用分野) この発明は、冷間加工(ヘッダー加工)を受けるステ
ンレス鋼として利用するのに適した冷間加工用快削ステ
ンレス鋼に関するものである。 (従来の技術) 冷間加工(ヘッダー加工)を受けるステンレス鋼は、
軟質でかつ加工硬化性が少なく、表面欠陥や内質欠陥の
少ないものであることが要求され、従来において、冷間
加工(ヘッダー加工)を受ける冷間加工用ステンレス鋼
としては、例えば、0.05%C−0.5%Si−1.0%Mn−10.5
%Ni−18.0%Cr−Feよりなるもの(JISSUS304相当材)
が用いられていた。 (発明が解決しようとする課題) しかしながら、このような従来の冷間加工用ステンレ
ス鋼にあっては、被削性があまり良くないという問題点
があった。 そこで、冷間加工用ステンレス鋼の被削性を改善する
ためPb,S,Bi等の快削元素を添加することも試みられて
きたが、これらの元素はステンレス鋼の被削性をある程
度改善するものの、ステンレス鋼本来の特長である耐食
性を著しく阻害したり、また熱間加工性や冷間加工性
(ヘッダー加工性)を害したりするため、工業的な生産
には不適当であるという課題を有していた。 (発明の目的) この発明は、上述した従来の課題を解決するためにな
されたもので、冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)とステン
レス鋼本来の耐食性とのいずれにおいても良好であり、
しかも被削性にも優れ、工業的生産性においても何んら
支障をもたらさない冷間加工用快削ステンレス鋼を提供
することを目的としている。(Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a free-cutting stainless steel for cold working suitable for being used as a stainless steel subjected to cold working (header working). (Prior art) Stainless steel undergoing cold working (header processing)
It is required to be soft and have low work hardenability and few surface defects and internal defects. Conventionally, as cold working stainless steel subjected to cold working (header processing), for example, 0.05% C-0.5% Si-1.0% Mn-10.5
% Ni-18.0% Cr-Fe (JISSUS304 equivalent material)
Was used. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, such a conventional stainless steel for cold working has a problem that the machinability is not so good. Therefore, it has been attempted to add free-cutting elements such as Pb, S, and Bi in order to improve the machinability of stainless steel for cold working, but these elements have improved the machinability of stainless steel to some extent. However, it is not suitable for industrial production because it significantly impairs the corrosion resistance inherent in stainless steel and impairs hot workability and cold workability (header workability). Had. (Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is excellent in both cold workability (header workability) and stainless steel original corrosion resistance.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a free-cutting stainless steel for cold working which has excellent machinability and does not cause any problem in industrial productivity.
(課題を解決するための手段) この発明に係る冷間加工用快削ステンレス鋼は、重量
%で、C:0.1%以下、Si:1.0%以下、Mn:2.0%以下、P:
0.10%以下、S:0.40%以下、Cu:1.0〜5.0%、Ni:7.0〜1
0.0未満%、Cr:15.0〜20.0%、Se:0.30%以下、Ca:0.01
%未満、B:0.05%以下、O:0.02%以下、残部Feおよび不
純物からなることを特徴としており、このような成分組
成の冷間加工用快削ステンレス鋼の構成を上述した従来
の課題を解決するための手段としたことを特徴としてい
る。 次に、この発明に係る冷間加工用快削ステンレス鋼の
成分組成(重量%)の限定理由について説明する。 C:0.1%以下 Cは強力なオーステナイト安定化元素であるが、多す
ぎると冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)および耐食性を悪
化させるので、このような意味から0.1%以下とした。 Si:1.0%以下 Siは鋼の溶製時に脱酸剤として作用する元素であるほ
か、フェライト化元素であり、耐酸化性を向上させるの
にも有効な元素であるのでより望ましくは0.1%以上含
有させるが、多すぎると冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)
および靭性を低下させるので1.0%以下とした。 Mn:2.0%以下 Mnは鋼の溶製時に脱酸剤および脱硫剤として作用する
元素であるほか、オーステナイト化元素でもあり、赤熱
脆性を防止するのにも有効な元素であるのでより望まし
くは0.5%以上含有させるが、多量に含有すると被削性
を低下させるので2.0%以下とした。 P:0.10%以下 P含有量が多すぎると熱間加工性および冷間加工性
(ヘッダー加工性)が害されるので、熱間加工性および
冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)が大きく害されない0.10
%以下とした。 S:0.40%以下 S含有量が多すぎると熱間加工性や耐食性が低下する
ので、熱間加工性や耐食性が大きく低下しない0.40%以
下とした。 Cu:1.0〜5.0% Cuはオーステナイト安定化元素であり、耐食性および
耐酸化性を改善するのに有効な元素であるので、このよ
うな効果を得るために1.0%以上含有させるが、多量に
含有すると熱間加工性を害するので5.0%以下とした。 Ni:7.0〜10.0未満% Niはオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の基本元素であ
り、安定なオーステナイト相を形成し、鋼の耐食性およ
び靭性を向上させるのに有効な元素であるので、このよ
うな効果を得るために7.0%以上含有させるが、多量に
添加すると被削性を低下させかつまた高価にさせるので
10.0%未満とした。 Cr:15.0〜20.0% Crはオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の基本元素であ
り、耐食性および耐酸化性の向上に寄与する元素である
ので、このような効果を得るために15.0%以上含有させ
るが、多量に含有すると冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)
を低下させるので20.0%以下とした。 Se:0.30%以下 Seはオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の被削性を向上さ
せるのに有効な元素であるが、多すぎると熱間加工性を
害するので、熱間加工性が大きく害されない0.30%以下
の範囲で添加した。 Ca:0.01%未満 Caは熱間加工性を向上させ、鋼材の製造性を改善する
のに有効な元素であるので0.01%未満の範囲で添加し
た。 B:0.05%以下 Bは熱間加工性を向上させ、鋼材の製造性を改善する
のに有効な元素であるので、0.05%以下の範囲で添加し
た。 O:0.02%以下 O含有量が多すぎると鋼中に酸化物を多量に形成し、
耐食性に有害であるほか、熱間加工性および冷間加工性
(ヘッダー加工性)を低下させるので0.02%以下とし
た。 そのほか、耐食性をより一層向上させるためにMoを5.
0%以下の範囲で添加し、脱酸をさらに有効に行うため
にAlを1.50%以下の範囲で添加し、耐食性および強度等
の改善を行うためにZrを0.5%以下,Tiを2.0%以下,Nbを
3.0%以下,Vを0.5%以下,Taを0.5%以下のうちの1種ま
たは2種以上を添加してもよい。 (実施例) 第1表に示す化学成分のオーステナイト系ステンレス
鋼を2トン電気炉により溶製し、鋼塊としたのち分塊圧
延,線材圧延および熱処理を行い、さらには線引を行っ
て直径9.0mmのステンレス鋼線材を得た。 次に第1表に示した本発明実施例No.1,2,3,4および比
較例No.5,6のステンレス鋼の被削性を調べた。このとき
の被削性評価試験は第2表に示す条件で行った。この結
果を第1図に示す。 第1図に示した結果より明らかなように、本発明ステ
ンレス鋼No.1,2,3,4のドリル寿命速度は、比較ステンレ
ス鋼No.5,6のドリル寿命速度に比べてかなり大きな値を
示しており、被削性に著しく優れたものであることが認
められた。 次に、第1表に示した各ステンレス鋼(No.1〜6)よ
りなる直径6.0mm,長さ11.5mmの各試料につき冷間におけ
るアプセット加工を行ってその際の応力(kgf/mm2)と
ひずみ(ln Ho/H)との関係を調べた。この結果を第2
図に示す。 第2図に示した結果より明らかなように、本発明ステ
ンレス鋼No.1,2,3,4は、比較ステンレス鋼No.5,6と同等
の応力−ひずみ特性を示しており、本発明ステンレス鋼
は比較ステンレス鋼に比べて被削性が大幅に向上してい
るにもかかわらず、すぐれた冷間アプセット加工性、す
なわちすぐれた冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)を有して
いることが認められた。 さらに、第1表に示した各ステンレス鋼(No.1〜6)
よりなる直径9.0mm,長さ100mmの各試料につき、5%H2S
O4(沸騰)および塩化第2鉄による耐食性評価試験を行
い、腐食減少(g/m2・h)によって評価した。この結果
を第3図に示す。 第3図に示した結果より明らかなように、本発明ステ
ンレス鋼No.1,2,3,4は、比較ステンレス鋼No.5,6とほぼ
同等の腐食減量となっており、本発明ステンレス鋼は比
較ステンレス鋼に比べて被削性が大幅に向上しているに
もかかわらず、すぐれた耐食性を有していることが認め
られた。(Means for Solving the Problems) The free-cutting stainless steel for cold working according to the present invention is, by weight%, C: 0.1% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 2.0% or less, P:
0.10% or less, S: 0.40% or less, Cu: 1.0 to 5.0%, Ni: 7.0 to 1
Less than 0.0%, Cr: 15.0 to 20.0%, Se: 0.30% or less, Ca: 0.01
%, B: 0.05% or less, O: 0.02% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities. It is characterized by means for solving the problem. Next, the reasons for limiting the component composition (% by weight) of the free-cutting stainless steel for cold working according to the present invention will be described. C: 0.1% or less C is a strong austenite stabilizing element, but too much C deteriorates cold workability (header workability) and corrosion resistance. Si: 1.0% or less Si is an element that acts as a deoxidizing agent when smelting steel, and is also a ferritizing element, and is an effective element for improving oxidation resistance. To be contained, but too much cold workability (header workability)
And 1.0% or less because the toughness is reduced. Mn: 2.0% or less Mn is an element that acts as a deoxidizing agent and a desulfurizing agent when smelting steel, is also an austenitizing element, and is an element effective in preventing red hot embrittlement. % Or more, but if contained in a large amount, the machinability deteriorates, so the content was made 2.0% or less. P: 0.10% or less If the P content is too large, hot workability and cold workability (header workability) are impaired, so hot workability and cold workability (header workability) are not significantly impaired.
% Or less. S: 0.40% or less If the S content is too large, the hot workability and the corrosion resistance decrease. Therefore, the S content is set to 0.40% or less at which the hot workability and the corrosion resistance do not greatly decrease. Cu: 1.0-5.0% Cu is an austenite stabilizing element and is an element effective for improving corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Therefore, in order to obtain such an effect, Cu is contained in an amount of 1.0% or more. As a result, the hot workability is impaired, so the content was made 5.0% or less. Ni: 7.0 to less than 10.0% Ni is a basic element of austenitic stainless steel, and is an element effective for forming a stable austenite phase and improving the corrosion resistance and toughness of the steel. However, if added in a large amount, the machinability decreases and the cost increases.
It was less than 10.0%. Cr: 15.0 to 20.0% Cr is a basic element of austenitic stainless steel, and is an element that contributes to improvement of corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Cold workability (header workability) when contained
Is reduced to 20.0% or less. Se: 0.30% or less Se is an effective element for improving the machinability of austenitic stainless steel, but too much impairs hot workability, so hot workability is not greatly impaired. Range. Ca: less than 0.01% Ca is an element effective for improving hot workability and improving the productivity of steel materials, so Ca was added in a range of less than 0.01%. B: 0.05% or less B is an element effective for improving hot workability and improving the productivity of steel materials, so B was added in a range of 0.05% or less. O: 0.02% or less If the O content is too large, a large amount of oxide is formed in the steel,
Since it is harmful to corrosion resistance and reduces hot workability and cold workability (header workability), the content is set to 0.02% or less. In addition, Mo should be added to improve corrosion resistance.
Al is added in the range of 0% or less, Al is added in the range of 1.50% or less for more effective deoxidation, and Zr is 0.5% or less and Ti is 2.0% or less in order to improve corrosion resistance and strength. , Nb
One or more of 3.0% or less, V of 0.5% or less, and Ta of 0.5% or less may be added. (Example) Austenitic stainless steel having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 was melted in a 2 ton electric furnace to form a steel ingot, and then subjected to slab rolling, wire rod rolling and heat treatment, and further to wire drawing to obtain a diameter. A 9.0 mm stainless steel wire rod was obtained. Next, the machinability of the stainless steels of Examples Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention and Comparative Examples Nos. 5 and 6 shown in Table 1 were examined. The machinability evaluation test at this time was performed under the conditions shown in Table 2. The result is shown in FIG. As is clear from the results shown in FIG. 1, the drill life rates of the stainless steels Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention are considerably larger than those of the comparative stainless steels Nos. 5 and 6. And it was confirmed that the material was excellent in machinability. Next, upset processing was performed on each sample made of each stainless steel (No. 1 to 6) having a diameter of 6.0 mm and a length of 11.5 mm shown in Table 1 in the cold state, and the stress (kgf / mm 2 ) And strain (ln Ho / H) were examined. This result is
Shown in the figure. As is clear from the results shown in FIG. 2, the stainless steels Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention exhibited the same stress-strain characteristics as the comparative stainless steels Nos. 5 and 6, and Stainless steel has excellent cold upset workability, that is, excellent cold workability (header workability), even though machinability is greatly improved compared to comparative stainless steel. Was observed. Furthermore, each stainless steel shown in Table 1 (No. 1-6)
5% H 2 S for each sample of 9.0 mm in diameter and 100 mm in length
A corrosion resistance evaluation test was performed using O 4 (boiling) and ferric chloride, and the evaluation was made based on the reduction in corrosion (g / m 2 · h). The result is shown in FIG. As is clear from the results shown in FIG. 3, the stainless steels Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention had almost the same corrosion loss as the comparative stainless steels Nos. 5 and 6, and The steel was found to have excellent corrosion resistance, although the machinability was significantly improved compared to the comparative stainless steel.
以上説明してきたように、この発明に係る冷間加工用
快削ステンレス鋼は、重量%で、C:0.1%以下、Si:1.0
%以下、Mn:2.0%以下、P:0.10%以下、S:0.40%以下、
Cu:1.0〜5.0%、Ni:7.0〜10.0未満%、Cr:15.0〜20.0
%、Se:0.30%以下、Ca:0.01%未満、B:0.05%以下、O:
0.02%以下、残部Feおよび不純物よりなる組成を有する
ものであるから、冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)とステ
ンレス鋼本来の耐食性のいずれをも害することなく被削
性に優れたものであり、工業的な生産性においても何ん
ら支障をもたらさない冷間加工用快削ステンレス鋼であ
るという著大なる効果をもたらしうるものである。As described above, the free-cutting stainless steel for cold working according to the present invention is C: 0.1% or less and Si: 1.0% by weight.
%, Mn: 2.0% or less, P: 0.10% or less, S: 0.40% or less,
Cu: 1.0 to 5.0%, Ni: 7.0 to less than 10.0%, Cr: 15 to 20.0
%, Se: 0.30% or less, Ca: less than 0.01%, B: 0.05% or less, O:
0.02% or less, since it has a composition consisting of the balance of Fe and impurities, it is excellent in machinability without impairing both the cold workability (header workability) and the corrosion resistance inherent in stainless steel, This can provide a remarkable effect of being a free-cutting stainless steel for cold working that does not cause any problem in industrial productivity.
第1図は被削性の評価試験結果を示すグラフ、第2図は
冷間加工性(ヘッダー加工性)の評価試験結果を示すグ
ラフ、第3図は耐食性の評価試験結果を示すグラフであ
る。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of an evaluation test of machinability, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of an evaluation test of cold workability (header workability), and FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of an evaluation test of corrosion resistance. .
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) C22C 38/00 - 38/60──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) C22C 38/00-38/60
Claims (1)
n:2.0%以下、P:0.10%以下、S:0.40%以下、Cu:1.0〜
5.0%、Ni:7.0〜10.0未満%、Cr:15.0〜20.0%、Se:0.3
0%以下、Ca:0.01%未満、B:0.05%以下、O:0.02%以
下、残部Feおよび不純物からなることを特徴とする冷間
加工用快削ステンレス鋼。(1) C: 0.1% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, M
n: 2.0% or less, P: 0.10% or less, S: 0.40% or less, Cu: 1.0 ~
5.0%, Ni: 7.0 to less than 10.0%, Cr: 15.0 to 20.0%, Se: 0.3
A free-cutting stainless steel for cold working, comprising 0% or less, Ca: less than 0.01%, B: 0.05% or less, O: 0.02% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP63311308A JP2782745B2 (en) | 1988-05-06 | 1988-12-09 | Free-cutting stainless steel for cold working |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11019688 | 1988-05-06 | ||
JP63-110196 | 1988-05-06 | ||
JP63311308A JP2782745B2 (en) | 1988-05-06 | 1988-12-09 | Free-cutting stainless steel for cold working |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0250937A JPH0250937A (en) | 1990-02-20 |
JP2782745B2 true JP2782745B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
Family
ID=26449873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP63311308A Expired - Fee Related JP2782745B2 (en) | 1988-05-06 | 1988-12-09 | Free-cutting stainless steel for cold working |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP2782745B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0816162B2 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1996-02-21 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Granulation method of water-soluble cellulose derivative |
JP2566504B2 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1996-12-25 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Granulation method of water-soluble cellulose derivative |
JPH0816164B2 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1996-02-21 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Granulation method of water-soluble cellulose derivative |
WO2000065120A1 (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-02 | Crs Holdings, Inc. | Free-machining austenitic stainless steel |
CN115466908A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江青山钢铁有限公司 | Selenium-containing calcium-containing free-cutting stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5428138B2 (en) * | 1974-03-30 | 1979-09-14 |
-
1988
- 1988-12-09 JP JP63311308A patent/JP2782745B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
「ステンレス鋼便覧」昭和48年8月30日、長谷川正義監修、日刊工業新聞社発行、第353〜354頁 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH0250937A (en) | 1990-02-20 |
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