JP2776650B2 - Non-circular shape data creation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing three-dimensional non-circular shape data used in a numerical control (hereinafter abbreviated as NC) machine tool for performing non-circular shape processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An apparatus for realizing a conventional non-circular shape data creating method includes a shape defining section and a machining data creating section. The shape definition unit can define a three-dimensional non-circular shape by giving two or more cross-sectional shapes. That is, when the work is mounted on the main spindle of the NC lathe, the work rotation axis is the C axis, the rotation center axis is the Z axis, the axis orthogonal thereto is the X axis, the position on the Z axis is fixed, and the rotation angle of the C axis is fixed. And the shape represented by the position of the X-axis is assumed to be a cross-sectional shape. Then, a position in the Z-axis direction in the cross section is input, and a component that is not related to the rotation angle of the C-axis in the X-axis direction in the cross section is Xsd.
As a perfect circle data input means,
Four types of input means, ie, an equal angle data input unit, an unequal angle data input unit, and a function data input unit, are selected, and the coordinates of the X axis are input as relative coordinates Xsl based on the component Xsd. The function of displaying the input cross-sectional shape data on the graphic screen is started or ended when the above-described cross-sectional shape data is being input or when the input is completed. Then, after inputting the shape data of the first cross section, the second cross section and the third
After inputting the cross-sectional shape data, and inputting all necessary cross-sectional shape data, each cross-sectional shape data is stored in an external storage device, for example, a floppy disk, and the definition of the three-dimensional non-circular shape is completed. I do. The machining data creation unit creates machining data necessary for actual machining by the NC machine using a three-dimensional non-circular shape defined by the shape definition unit and using a known interpolation function.

In such a configuration, a procedure for inputting cross-sectional shape data will be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. For example, the shape of the milk bottle in FIG. 9 is defined by three cross-sectional shape data shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. In this case section A, Z _A Z-axis coordinate position, Xsd the reference position in the X-axis direction, Xsl relative coordinates from the X-axis reference position Xsd, C indicates the C-axis coordinate rotation angle position. In FIG. 10, all three cross-sectional shapes are divided by the same division number n.
In the figure, three cross-sectional shapes are divided by the number of divisions n, m, and o, respectively. (A) Step S10: A shape definition file name is set. However, an input file name and an output file name can be set here. When an input file name is set, data in a previously defined shape definition file can be extracted from external storage means, for example, a floppy disk, and can be corrected. If the input file name is not set, it operates as if a new shape definition file is created. The output file name does not necessarily need to be set here, and can be set in step S60 described later. Input and output of file names and the following key operations are performed by a keyboard. When the shape of the milk bottle in FIG. 9 is input, nothing is input here because it is new. The next step can be reached by pressing the procedure key, which is present on the keyboard.

(B) Step S20: Here, a Z-axis coordinate Z of each section and a reference position Xsd in the X-axis direction are input. The input screen has a configuration as shown in FIG. 12. When no input is made, an “*” mark is displayed to indicate that the screen is in the initial state. In addition, there is a clear key for returning a numerical value once input to an initial state, and the input numerical value can be deleted as needed. In the section A of FIGS. 10 and 11, Z =
Since Z _A and Xsd = X _A, Z _A and X _A are input, respectively. (C) Step S30: When one set of Z and Xsd is input, it is possible to start inputting the cross-sectional shape data. Alternatively, Z and Xsd of the cross sections B and C in FIG. 10 may be input first, and the input of the shape data may be started from an arbitrary cross section using the cursor key indicating the currently input value. In order to start inputting the cross-sectional shape data, four keys described below are selected and pressed. Whether or not to input the cross-sectional shape data is actually as described above, and is described in two parts in the flowchart.

(D) Step S40: The section shape data is input. The following four input modes (1) to (4) can be selected depending on the nature of the cross section, and all the keys exist in the keyboard. (1) True circle data input When the input cross section is a perfect circle, the X-axis coordinate can be defined by one point. Therefore, only one point is input for Xsl. The screen is shown in FIG. 13, and if the end key is pressed after the input, the screen returns to the screen of FIG. (2) Input of equal angle data When this key is pressed, the screen changes from the screen of FIG. 12 to the screen of FIG. Here, the amount of the equal pitch angle is represented by No. in the figure. Select by inputting the value of The total number of points is also displayed so that it is possible to know how much 360 degrees per turn is divided. Since the cross section A in FIG. 10 has a shape equally divided into n, a matching one may be selected from this table. After that, when you press the procedure key,
Move to screen 5. In this example, n = 36 and No. = 3
Enter In the screen of FIG.
Since it is equally divided, the C-axis coordinates are 0 °, 10 °, 20 ° ...,
It occurs automatically up to 350 °. Hereinafter, Xsl is input according to the section A of FIG. 24 points can be input in one screen, and 24 points or more are input in the next screen. When the confirmation key is pressed during or after the input of the cross-sectional shape data, the screen of FIG. 16 is displayed. The digit error of the input cross-sectional shape data can be confirmed on the graphic, and by pressing the end key, the screen of FIG. 15 is displayed. Return. If there is an error in the input cross-sectional shape data, correct it and press the end key to return to the screen of FIG. In the screen of FIG. An input of = 0 indicates an initial state, and only inputs other than 0 are accepted.

(3) Input of unequal angle data When this key is pressed, a screen shown in FIG. 17 appears, in which all of the C-axis coordinate position and the relative coordinate position Xsl from the X-axis reference position Xsd can be input. An advantage of the input by the input means is a case where a shape is defined such that it is only necessary to define a certain angle range with a fine angle pitch and to make the other part as a whole smooth. That is, the number of input points can be increased in parts where accuracy is required, and unnecessary parts can be reduced. Confirmation of the input cross-sectional shape data is the same as in the case of “(2) Equal angle data input”. After the input is completed, pressing the end key returns to FIG. (4) Function data input When this key is pressed, the screen of FIG. 18 appears. Here, an ellipse and an eccentric circle are registered. FIGS. 19 and 20 show input screens for variables for determining functions of an ellipse and an eccentric circle.
Whichever function is selected, the X-axis coordinate position is defined as a continuous function by a known function formula. Then, as in the case of “(2) Equal angle data input”, the screen shown in FIG. 14 appears and the equiangular pitch is determined, and the relative coordinate position Xsl from the X-axis reference position Xsd at each angle is automatically set internally. It is calculated and appears on the screen in a format as shown in FIG. (E) Step S50: When the input of the shape data of all the sections is completed as described above, the process proceeds to the next step S60. (F) Step S60: Since the input of the shape data of all the sections has been completed, a file name to be stored in the external storage device is set. After that, when the file creation key is pressed, the file is stored in the external storage device, and the processing of the shape definition unit ends.
Next, there is a machining data creation unit. The machining data creation unit has means for calculating using a known interpolation function based on the discrete value data, and means for storing data necessary for the NC machine on a floppy disk. Or means for sending data to the NC processing machine via a communication interface.

[0007]

In the above-described conventional non-circular shape data creating method, the data used for actually processing the non-circular shape based on the three-dimensional non-circular shape represented by numerical data. There is a great advantage that can be created in a short time. However, in actual processing, there were the following two problems. Work distortion Depending on the target workpiece for non-circular processing, the thickness of the workpiece may be thin. If the workpiece is fixed to the main spindle of the processing machine with a chuck or tailstock, it will be deformed. Therefore, even if machining is performed accurately using the data created by the non-circular shape data creating method, when the workpiece is removed from the main shaft, the deformation returns to the original shape, and the shape accuracy of the processed product deteriorates. Distortion of processing machine When the camshaft reciprocates at high speed during non-circular shape processing, a strong force is generated, distorting the processing machine itself, and the shape accuracy as a product after processing deteriorates.

The problems caused by these two distortions have been solved by changing the three-dimensional non-circular shape data created by the operator using the non-circular shape data creating method. However, due to this change, three-dimensional non-circular shape data to be managed as an ideal shape is lost, and confusion may occur in the management of three-dimensional non-circular shape data representing an ideal shape thereafter. . The present invention has been made under the circumstances described above,
An object of the present invention is to provide a non-circular shape data creating method capable of managing three-dimensional non-circular shape data representing an ideal shape.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for creating three-dimensional non-circular shape data used in an NC machine tool for performing non-circular shape machining. In the state where the workpiece is mounted on the main spindle of the NC machine tool, the work rotation axis is the C axis, the rotation center axis is the Z axis, the axis orthogonal to the rotation center axis is the X axis, and the position on the Z axis is fixed. A shape defined by the rotation angle of the C axis and the position of the X axis is a cross-sectional shape, and a three-dimensional non-circular data file created by inputting data of two or more cross-sectional shapes is a shape definition file. A data file of a three-dimensional shape error created by inputting a shape error obtained by measuring a shape for each of the cross-sectional shapes after the workpiece processing is set as a shape error file, and the shape error file is defined. Criticism A shape definition file name representing a shape is stored in the shape error file, and both the shape definition file name and the shape error file name are specified when creating the position command data used for the workpiece machining, and the specified shape definition This is achieved by having means for comparing the file name with the shape definition file name stored in the specified shape error file to determine whether or not the combination is correct, and managing the ideal shape and the shape error in separate files. .

[0010]

According to the present invention, since the ideal shape and the shape error are managed in separate files, it is possible to easily judge the suitability of the processing.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an apparatus for realizing a method for producing non-circular data according to the present invention. The apparatus includes a main body 3 having a power switch 1 and two floppy disk drives 2, a color CRT 4 and And a keyboard 5 for inputting various command keys and numerical data. FIG. 2 shows the internal configuration of the main body 3. Main processor 10, RO
M11, RAM12 and various interfaces 13-18
A color CRT 4, a keyboard 5, and a floppy disk drive 2 are attached as peripheral devices. Further, a monochrome / color hard copy 20, a tape reader / puncher 21, and a printer 22 can be additionally connected as needed.

First, after the shape of the milk bottle shown in FIG. 9 is processed, the cross section A, the cross section B and the cross section C are measured using a cross section shape measuring device as shown in FIG. 30 is fixed using a center 31 and a tailstock 32. However, in FIG. 3, the detent is not shown in the rotation direction. This cross-sectional shape measuring device is provided with a servomotor 3 so that the shape 30 of the milk bottle can be positioned at an arbitrary designated angle.
3, has a rotation angle detector 34, a rotation angle control unit 40,
Positioning control is being performed. The rotation angle control unit 40 has a built-in servo amplifier capable of directly driving the servo motor 33, and a rotation angle command value R from a measurement pattern generation unit 41 in which an angle pitch to be measured is set in advance.
A has a function of performing positioning according to A, and a function of outputting a positioning completion signal PF to a displacement / rotation angle data processing unit 42 described later when positioning is completed, and performing a next positioning after waiting for a preset time. . To measure the cross-sectional shape, the detection signal DR from the rotation angle detector 34 is converted into a rotation angle RS by the rotation angle detection unit 43 and sent to the displacement / rotation angle data processing unit 42.
An output signal DD from a displacement measuring device 35 for measuring a displacement in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of 0 is detected by a displacement detecting section 44 as a displacement DS.
And sends it to the displacement / rotation angle data processing unit 42.
This is performed by recording displacement data and rotation angle data by the positioning completion signal PF. The movement in the Z-axis direction is performed by providing a guide for moving the displacement measuring device 35 in the Z-axis direction and a displacement measuring device for measuring the moved displacement. As described above, measured values corresponding to the data shown in FIG. 10 or FIG.
The shape error is obtained by subtracting from the data indicated by 1. Hereinafter, the input procedure of the measured shape error will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

(A) Step S10A: A shape definition file name for performing the current shape definition or correcting the shape error is input. File name input / output and the following key operations are performed by the keyboard 5. When inputting the shape error of the milk bottle of FIG. 9, the name of the previously input shape definition file is input. The next step proceeds by pressing the procedure key. Here, as will be described later, it is assumed that the system cannot proceed to the next step unless a shape definition file name to be corrected is input in advance, but there is basically no problem other than this. (B) Step S20A: Here, the screen shown in FIG. 5 appears, and it is possible to select whether or not to define a newly provided shape error. If "NO" is selected here, the conventional shape definition is selected, and it is completely the same as step S20 and subsequent steps in the flowchart of FIG. On the other hand, if "YES" is selected, the screen of FIG. 6 appears, and the name of the shape error file to be input is input. However, here, the input file name and output file name of the shape error can be set, and when the input file name is set, the data in the previously defined shape error file is extracted from external storage means, such as a floppy disk, and corrected. If the input file name is not set, it is assumed that a new shape error file is created and it operates. Therefore, any number of shape error files can be defined for one shape definition file. The output file name does not necessarily need to be set here, but can be set in step S60A described later.

(C) Step S30A: When a newly provided shape error definition is selected, a screen having a format as shown in FIG. 12 appears. However, since the previously input shape definition file name has been input, the Z axis coordinates and X
The reference position Xsd in the axial direction is displayed. Next, it is possible to input the shape error of any set cross section. In order to start inputting an actual shape error, four keys described below are selected and pressed. (D) Step S40A: The input of the shape error of the designated section is performed. The following four types (1) to (4) can be selected according to the nature of the shape error, and are not affected by the previously input shape of the cross-sectional shape of the shape definition file. (1) Constant shape error input When the input shape error is constant, the X-axis coordinate can be defined by one point. Therefore, only one point is input for Xsle. The screen is shown in FIG. 13, and if the end key is pressed after the input, the screen returns to the screen of FIG.

(2) Inputting a shape error equal angle When this key is pressed, the screen changes from the screen of FIG. 12 to the screen of FIG. Here, the amount of the equal pitch angle is represented by No. in the figure. Select by inputting the value of The total number of points is also displayed so that it is possible to know how much 360 degrees per turn is divided. Since the cross section A in FIG. 10 has a shape equally divided into n, a matching one may be selected from this table. Then, when the procedure key is pressed, the screen moves to the screen shown in FIG. In this example, n = 36 and No. =
Enter 3. In the screen of FIG.
Since it is divided into 6 equal parts, the C-axis coordinates are 0 °, 10 °, 20 ° ...,
It occurs automatically up to 350 °. Hereinafter, Xsle is input according to the section A in FIG. 24 points can be input in one screen, and 24 points or more are input in the next screen.
When the confirmation key is pressed during or after inputting the shape error, FIG.
Screen is displayed, the digit error of the input shape error can be confirmed on the graphic, and by pressing the end key, the screen shown in FIG.
Return to the screen. If there is an error in the input shape error, correct it and press the end key to return to the screen of FIG. FIG.
No. 4 screen. An input of = 0 indicates an initial state, and only inputs other than 0 are accepted.

(3) Input of unequal angle of shape error When this key is pressed, the screen of FIG. 17 appears, and the coordinate position Xsl relative to the C-axis coordinate position and X-axis reference position Xsde.
e can be entered. Confirmation of the input shape error is the same as in the case of “(2) Input of shape error equal angle”. After the input is completed, pressing the end key returns to FIG. (4) Shape error function input When this key is pressed, the screen of FIG. 18 appears. Here, an ellipse and an eccentric circle are registered. FIGS. 19 and 20 show input screens for variables for determining functions of an ellipse and an eccentric circle.
Whichever function is selected, the X-axis coordinate position is defined as a continuous function by a known function formula. Then, the screen shown in FIG. 14 appears as in the case of “(2) Inputting a shape error equal angle” and the equiangular pitch is determined. The shape error Xsle at each angle is automatically calculated internally, as shown in FIG. Appears on the screen in a simple format. This is very convenient when the pattern of the shape error is almost in the form of a function and only the part that deviates from the function is re-input later. (E) Step S50A: As described above, when the input of the shape errors of all the sections is completed, the process proceeds to the next step S60A.

(F) Step S60A: Since the input of the shape errors of all the sections has been completed, the name of the shape error file to be stored in the external storage device is set as the output file name. After that, when the file creation key is pressed, the file is stored in the external storage device, and the processing of the shape error definition unit ends. Next, in the machining data creation unit, if only the shape definition file name is specified in this machining data creation unit, a well-known interpolation function is obtained based on the cross-sectional shape data in the shape definition file just like the conventional technology. Interpolation calculation is used to create necessary data in the NC processing machine. When both the shape definition file name and the shape error file name are specified, the data in the shape error file in the shape error file is obtained from the data obtained by performing an interpolation operation using a known interpolation function based on the cross-sectional shape data in the shape definition file. Data obtained by performing an interpolation operation using a known interpolation function on the basis of the shape error is subtracted between the same coordinate positions to create necessary processing data by the NC processing machine. However, in this embodiment, since the shape error file name is specified after the shape definition file name to be corrected is input in advance, when both the shape definition file name and the shape error file name are specified, whether the combination is correct or not is determined. Can be checked to prevent erroneous operation.

The above-described embodiment is a method in which the values of Z and Xsd in the previously created shape definition file cannot be changed. Therefore, if the previously created shape definition file is composed of 10 sections, the number of input sections of the shape error file is always 10 sections. Another embodiment is as follows. The section shape measuring device of FIG. 3 also has a function of performing an interpolation operation using an interpolation function used for creating machining data based on the section shape data in the shape definition file, and a Z-axis other than that shown in FIG. Since the ideal shape can be found even if the shape is measured at the position in the direction, the shape error can be obtained. This means that the values of Ze and Xsde in the shape error file can be set without being affected by the values of Z and Xsd in the previously created shape definition file. Therefore, even if the previously created shape definition file is composed of 10 sections, in this embodiment, the number of input sections of the shape error file is not necessarily 10 sections. A flowchart in this case is shown in FIG. 7, which is almost the same as the flowchart in FIG. 4, and therefore, only the added steps will be described here. Step S20B is added so that the values of the Z-axis coordinate position Z and the reference position Xsde in the X-axis direction at the cross-sectional position of the input shape error can be set.

[0019]

As described above, according to the non-circular shape data creating method of the present invention, loss of three-dimensional non-circular shape data representing the original ideal shape can be prevented. It is possible to appropriately manage three-dimensional non-circular data representing the shape. In addition, even if the shape error is three-dimensional, it can be easily deleted, and the ideal shape and the shape error can be managed as separate files, so it is easy to process the same shape after setup replacement or when processing it with different processing machines at the same time. Can respond to In addition, normal round processing is performed on a work that has a relatively small non-circular amount and distortion of the processing machine itself can be almost ignored, and measures the amount of non-circular shape that is distorted by chuck or tailstock pressure. In addition, a shape error file can be created before performing non-round processing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an apparatus for realizing a non-circular shape data creating method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a main part of the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross-sectional shape measuring instrument used in the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a first operation example of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a screen display according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of a screen display according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a second operation example of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of a conventional non-circular shape data creating method.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a three-dimensional model.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of ideal work sectional shape data.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of ideal workpiece cross-sectional shape data.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a first example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a second example of screen display by a conventional method.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a third example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a fourth example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a fifth example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a sixth example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a seventh example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an eighth example of screen display according to a conventional method.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a ninth example of screen display according to a conventional method.

[Explanation of symbols] 3 main body 4 color CRT 5 keyboard

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G05B 19/404 G05B 19/4093 G05B 19/4097

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A state in which a workpiece is mounted on a main spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool, a workpiece rotation axis is a C axis, and a rotation center axis is a Z axis.
Axis, the axis orthogonal to the rotation center axis is the X axis, the position on the Z axis is fixed, the shape represented by the rotation angle of the C axis and the position of the X axis is the cross-sectional shape, and two or more By inputting the data file of the three-dimensional non-circular shape created by inputting the data of the cross-sectional shape into a shape definition file, and inputting the shape error obtained by measuring the shape of each cross-sectional shape after machining the work The data file of the three-dimensional shape error to be created is set as a shape error file, and a shape definition file name representing an ideal shape when defining the shape error file is stored in the shape error file, and is used for the workpiece machining. Specify both the shape definition file name and the shape error file name when creating the position command data to be stored, and it is stored in the specified shape definition file name and the specified shape error file. Non-round shape data generation method characterized in that by matching the shape definition file name has a means for determining the propriety of the combination, to manage the ideal shape and the shape error in a separate file.