JPS59140510A - Numerical controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the attaching operation of a work to shorten the working time, by instructing the measuring operation of the position of a reference face of the work as a working program and correcting automatically the stored working program to continue the operation after the end of measurement. CONSTITUTION:A work 1 is attached to a machine tool body 2, and a touch sensor 3 having a contact 4 is provided above the work 1 on the body 2, and a numerical controller 6 is connected to the sensor 3 through a signal transmitting means 5. The controller 6 is provided with a CPU7, a memory 8, a display device 9, an operation board 10, a servo control circuit 11, a position detector 13, an interface 15, etc. Positional coordinates of an optional face or point of the work 1 attached to the body 2 are measured automatically by the sensor 3, and various elements required for this measuring operation are given as a working program from the controller 6. The positional relation between the machine origin in the program and the reference point of the work 1 is corrected in accordance with an instruction program in the memory 8 by measured results, thus shortening the working time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a numerical control device that automatically detects the mounting position of a workpiece and operates while correcting a program.

The main part of the machine program of a numerically controlled machine tool is a position command block that defines the trajectory of the tool, and this position command is programmed using a coordinate system based on a reference point of the shape of the workpiece. Normally, at the beginning of a program there is a command block that tells where the reference point for the machining is located relative to the machine's origin, and the machine moves to the machining start point based on this command and then starts machining. continue.

For example, in FIG. 1, 1 is the workpiece and P is the workpiece.

is the reference point of the Canadian program, and if drilling is to be performed from points P to P6, the first machining point is point Ps.
To move the tool to the position, program reference point P2 or P with respect to machine chart origin PI.

It is necessary to give the position of
For example, a command block in a format such as G92X2000Y1000Z500 EOB was created in the program and coordinate values were input.

However, depending on the form of the workpiece 1, it may not be possible to accurately determine the position of the start point of machining relative to the machine origin P1 unless it is attached to the machine table. Before starting operation, the position of the reference point of the workpiece 1 is manually measured by some means (usually called 6-output), and the calibration program or correction data is manually corrected based on the measurement results, or the I moved the program execution start point of the machine and then started it.

For this reason, it is necessary to manually intervene for each workpiece 1, or to perform pre-processing to ensure precision in mounting the workpiece 1, or to prepare an expensive jig to ensure accurate mounting. There were drawbacks such as:

This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above, and it provides a means for commanding the measurement operation of the position of the reference surface (point) of the workpiece as a nibogram, and also The machine automatically corrects the memorized nib p-gram and continues operation, so you can attach the workpiece without worrying about accuracy.
Automatic operation of the Kani program is now possible, simplifying the installation of workpieces, and even if a separate means for automatic attachment/detachment is provided, installation is unattended as the machining position is automatically corrected according to the position. The purpose is to provide a numerical control device that can be operated. Below, the second part about this invention will be explained.
This will be explained using FIGS.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a workpiece, and 2 is a machine tool main body to which the workpiece 1 is attached, which in this example is a machining center equipped with an automatic tool changer. 3
is called a touch sensor, and 4 is its contact. The touch sensor 3 is a device that has pressure contacts connected in various directions to a bar-shaped contact 4 inside, and outputs a contact signal to the outside when the contact 4 comes into contact with the workpiece 1. The touch sensor 3 may be of any type as long as it can detect contact with the workpiece 1.
This device is known per se. 5 is the touch sensor 3
It is a signal transmission means for transmitting the signal to the numerical control device 6, and although it is a conductive cable in this embodiment, other means such as radio waves may be used. In this embodiment, the chuck portion of the touch sensor 3 has the same shape as the cutting tool, and is attached to the spindle 5 by an automatic tool changer like the tool.

FIG. 3 is a boot 2 diagram showing the inside of the numerical control wave ff116, and 7 is a CPU, which is a central processing unit that performs calculations necessary for controlling the numerical control device 6. 8 is a memory, which stores programs and constants necessary for controlling the numerical control device 6, stores intermediate results of calculations and momentary machine status data, and stores p-grams. It is divided into parts that are remembered.

Reference numeral 9 designates a display device for the operator or programmer to refer to data related to the numerically controlled machine tool, including the machine program, and in this embodiment, a CRT of type 4 is used. Reference numeral 10 denotes an operation board on which a group of key contacts for an operator or a programmer to store various data, including a p-gram added to the numerical control wave @B, and switches for switching operations are attached.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a servo control circuit, through which the CPU moves a servo motor 12 to move each axis of the machine tool, and reads the position of the machine from a position detector 13. Reference numeral 14 is a common bus line connecting each block, and reference numeral 15 is an ink face through which the CPU 7 receives and passes signals to and from the outside, and the output signal of the touch sensor 3 is transmitted and taken in here by the signal transmission means 5 shown in FIG. It will be done.

In FIG. 4, 19.20 represents a symbol for specifying the type of coordinate value measurement operation in the program and an example of its display. In this example, basically five letters of the alphabet are used as symbols for measurement operations.
Also, x, y, z to display and set the specifications required for measurement operations.

It uses six types of alphabets: R, D, followed by plus/minus signs, numbers, and decimal points.

FIG. 5 shows the entire operation board 10 and CRT 9 shown in FIG. 3, and a program is displayed on the CRT 9 as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, one line is 17'17 in the program of a general numerical control device. In this embodiment, when entering a symbol, press the key contact 16 corresponding to the menu displayed at the bottom of the CBr4 shown in FIG. X, Y, Z, R, D, K17) 7)
#77 Bet is displayed, so create a program as shown in FIG. 6 using the cursor control keys, numbers, plus/minus signs, and decimal point keys in the group of key contacts 17 on the operation board 10.

In FIG. 6, the SNO and the following numbers correspond to the sequence numbers of the program in a general numerical control device, and are displayed according to the order of the command blocks.

Following SNO2 (FRM is a symbol that indicates that this command block is a block that gives the relative position between the machine origin and the machine origin, and the combination of <x, y, z and signed values follows It shows the coordinate value.S
NO2 is a tool change command indicating that the touch sensor 3 is attached to the spindle from the tool change device. 5NO3~5NO1
The lines starting with 2 are blocks that command various measurement operations, and FACEX and the like are their symbols. Other command blocks of the Canadian program precede and follow these command blocks.

The meaning of each symbol and each numerical value in FIG. 6 is shown below. F
ACEX, FACEY, and FACEZ are symbols for instructing the measurement of the x, y, and z coordinates of a surface, respectively, and their operations will be explained below using FIGS. 7(a) and (b).

In Fig. 7, 1 is a workpiece, Fig. 7(a) shows an xy plan view, and Fig. 7(b) shows an XZ plan view (
Note that the same applies to FIGS. 8, 9, 10, and 11, which will be described later). 3 is a touch sensor, and 4 is its contact. Point P.

is the reference point of the Canadian program, and is a coordinate system setting command represented by the FRM symbol of SNO2 in FIG. 6 as described above, which gives the distance of that point from the machine origin. The point pH, hereinafter referred to as the measurement start point, is the point at which the tip of the contact 4 of the touch sensor 3 is positioned at the beginning of the measurement operation, and is indicated by a symbol such as FACEX followed by a sign indicated by <x, y, z. Coordinate value LX with respect to reference point PIO as a numerical value
, LY.

It gives LZ. Measurement starting point pH of workpiece 1
If the reference plane to be measured in order to find the standard value of xi is 18, then the
Give it as a signed number following R.

Next, the measurement operation of the program shown in FIG. 6 will be explained. First, by executing 5NOI, the touch sensor 3 is attached to the spindle from the pocket of the tool changer.

Next, using the command block of SNO2, the reference coordinates of the Canadian program are obtained in the following procedure and stored in a storage area necessary for calculation. That is, in the next 5NO3 block, the symbol FAC
EX Position the tip of the touch sensor 3 at point P0 using the following data. Next, move the tip of the touch sensor 3 toward the measurement surface (X direction), stop the movement the moment contact with the workpiece 1 is detected, and store the machine coordinate value (X direction) in the memory 8 (
(Fig. 3).

The mechanical coordinate value of the reference point P7 is determined from this mechanical coordinate value, the set value R shown in FIG. 7, and the pre-stored dimensions of the contactor 40, and the
Refresh the memory of coordinate values.

In this way, the temporarily determined value of the coordinate system setting command is corrected to an accurate value based on the reference plane 18 of the workpiece 1. Y
, if necessary for the coordinate value in the z direction, the symbol F
Measurement operations can be commanded in the same way using ACEY, FACEZ, etc.

For subsequent execution of other command blocks, positioning is performed with reference to the coordinate values of the newly corrected reference point of the program. Separately note the length and width data of the touch sensor 3 and contact 4 that are required to calculate the coordinate values of the touch sensor 3! Enter it in J8. Further, measurement operation patterns and constants corresponding to each symbol are stored in the memory 8 as a control program. As an application of the measurement operation described above, the following is provided in the embodiment.

CRVX and CRVY are symbols of a measurement operation pattern for determining the X or Y coordinate of the center line of the groove of the workpiece 1 as shown in FIG. In this measurement mode, the program is created with the reference point of the nib p-gram always set on the center line of the groove. X.

As above, Y and Z are the touch sensor 3 at the beginning of the measurement operation.
These are the coordinate values of the point for positioning the tip of the D
Knowing the groove width, use the measurement feed rate in the range K from the wall surface, and use rapid feed in other areas.

The measurement operation is as follows. First, after positioning at the measurement starting point, the coordinate values of the points in contact with the walls on both sides are determined, and then positioning is performed at the intermediate point between the two, and the values of the coordinate setting block in the measurement program are corrected.

Similarly, 5TPX and 5TPY specify the measurement operation for the workpiece 1 based on the center line of the convex shape as shown in FIG. When moving to the measurement of the wall surface, the point is to move back after retreating in two axial directions so as not to touch the convex shape.

HOLXY measures the workpiece 1 using the center of the hole shape as the reference point as shown in Fig. 10, and the contact 4 of the touch sensor 3 is moved back and forth several times between the wall surfaces on both sides in both the X and Y directions. 4f&<rtt position coordinates of the center.

Similarly, HOS XY performs a measurement operation on the workpiece 1 using the center of the HOS shape as a reference point as shown in FIG.

This example is not particularly limited to the symbol name or the format of the p-gram; any symbols or characters can be used, and it can also be realized using the Word Atomes method used in general numerical control devices. By determining the input format of various specifications, the coordinate values of the 10 points P4 on the workpiece and the coordinate values of the workpiece 1 can be obtained by measuring the surface of the rectangular workpiece 102 three times as shown in FIG. The slope θ of can be calculated and stored, and can be used for later correction of the position of the Canadian program.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a program is provided on the computer program for the numerical control device to instruct the numerical control device to perform various measurement operations with respect to the reference plane or point of the workpiece, and Since the measurement production completed wave and the stored coordinate system setting command block of the p-gram are modified, when installing the workpiece on the machine tool, the machine origin and the reference point (plane) of the workpiece are Even if sufficient accuracy cannot be obtained during machining, the position of the reference point (surface) of the workpiece is automatically determined and the subsequent execution position of the machine program is corrected, so the setup before machining the workpiece is This has the effect of reducing time and, if equipped with an automatic loading/unloading device for workpieces, enables unattended continuous operation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the machine origin and the reference point of the cannibal program in order to explain the conventional machining nib μ duram, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a numerically controlled machine tool system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the numerical control device shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a part of the display example of the display, and Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the display and operation board of the numerical control device. Schematic diagram, Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of display of the Nib p-gram on the display, Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the display example of the Nib p-gram.
A diagram showing the measurement operation corresponding to ACEZK, FIG. 8 is the symbol cRvx. Figure 9 shows the measurement operation corresponding to CRVY, Figure 9 shows the measurement operation corresponding to symbols 5TPX and 5TPY, Figure 1θ shows the measurement operation corresponding to symbol HOLXY, and Figure 11 corresponds to symbol BO8XY. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a measuring operation according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a workpiece, 2 is a machine tool body, 3 is a touch sensor, 4 is a contact, 5 is a signal transmission means for transmitting the output signal of the touch sensor to a numerical control device, 6 is a numerical control device,
7 is a CPU, 8 is a memory, 9 is a display, 10 is an operation board, 11 is a servo control circuit, 12 is a servo motor, 13
14 is a position detector, 14 is a common bus line, 15 is an interface, 16° and 17 are key contacts, 18 is a reference plane, and 19.20 are examples of characters and figures displayed on the display. In addition, the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts. Agent: Shin Kuzuno - (1 other person) Figure 5 + 1: Kuo Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Amendment to Figure Procedures (Voluntary) January 24, 1980 To the Commissioner of the Patent Office
7] 1. Indication of the incident Patent application 1986-014813
No. 2, Title of the invention Numerical control device 3, Representative Hitoshi Katayama of the person making the amendment Department 4, Agent 5, Column 6 for detailed explanation of the invention in the specification to be amended, Page 7 of the description of the contents of the amendment rsNO2J on lines 18-19, rsNO
Correct with IJ. I”d

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a numerical control device, means for automatically measuring the position coordinates of an arbitrary surface or point of an attached workpiece, means for providing specifications necessary for the measurement operation by a cannibal program, and a means for automatically measuring the position coordinates of an arbitrary surface or point of an attached workpiece; means for correcting a command block giving the positional relationship between the machine origin in the center and the reference point of the workpiece, and automatically detects the reference position of the machining nib p-gram and automatically corrects the machining position. A numerical control device characterized by: