JP2775599B2 - Method of controlling concrete input amount to formwork and its input control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the amount of concrete to be poured into a formwork, and more particularly to a method of controlling the amount of concrete to be set so as to have a preset speed characteristic according to the capacity and structure of the formwork. It relates to a technique for controlling the amount.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a line for producing a secondary concrete product such as a box culvert, a concrete secondary product is mass-produced by adding concrete to a form on a bogie while applying vibration to the form. However, when hyper-performance concrete, high-fluidity concrete, or super-fluidity concrete having high fluidity is used, the surface of the concrete becomes planar without adding vibration. When pouring concrete into a formwork, it is necessary to produce high-quality products by preventing the separation of concrete material and the incorporation of air.
The fact is that the adjustment of the charging speed and the like depends on humans. In addition, small concrete secondary products usually have a structure without reinforcing bars, but concrete secondary products with ton-order weight usually have a reinforced concrete structure.
Concrete is put in a state where the reinforcing bar assembly is placed in the formwork in advance.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 5-293815 discloses that in order to manufacture a secondary concrete product by injecting hyperform concrete into a mold, an inlet is provided near the bottom of the mold, and the inlet is provided at the inlet. Connect the concrete storage container via a joint, a flexible tube, an opening / closing cock, and a pressure pump, open the cock, drive the pressure pump, and inject a predetermined amount of concrete from the injection port, without mixing air. A technique for injecting concrete into a form in which the form is filled with concrete is described. However, this publication does not describe at all how to control the concrete input amount and the input speed. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 5-293817 also discloses a concrete pouring technique in which concrete is poured from a pouring port near the bottom of a mold by a pressurized air instead of the pressure pump.

[0004]

If the concrete is poured into the mold at an excessively high charging speed, excess air is apt to be mixed in, and the quality of the product is degraded. Also,
If the charging speed is too low, the concrete material is separated and the quality of the product is reduced. Therefore, in order to produce a high quality product, it is necessary to put concrete at an appropriate feeding speed (unit: ton / Hr) according to the capacity and structure of the mold. However, high-quality products cannot always be manufactured even if they are charged at a constant charging speed according to the capacity and structure of the mold. Depending on the structure of the mold, the cross-sectional area is not constant in the height direction, so it is possible to adjust the charging speed so that the charging speed characteristics are appropriately set according to the cross-sectional area at each level from the bottom to the top. desirable.

Conventionally, an operator monitors the amount of input and adjusts the input speed. However, since the capacity and structure of the form are not constant, it is difficult to automate the concrete input into the form and the quality of the product is reduced. There are problems such as difficulty in sufficiently increasing the cost and an increase in manufacturing cost. Here, it is conceivable to control the input amount and the input speed by measuring the level of the input concrete, but when the reinforcing bar assembly is arranged in the formwork, the shape accuracy of the reinforcing bar assembly is low, and the Since interference occurs, it is difficult to accurately detect the level. In addition, because the specific gravity of concrete may vary due to variations in various conditions such as the amount of water when adding water to the concrete raw material to make ready-mixed concrete, the concrete is automatically filled into the formwork without excess or shortage. It is not easy to do.

[0006] The concrete pouring technique disclosed in the above publication is excellent in that the concrete poured into the form can discharge the air in the form to the outside, but the form such as a box culvert having a square cross section is used. In the case of a mold in which an inner mold having a "b" -shaped cross section is set inside the outer mold as shown in Fig. May remain to cause quality deterioration. And, since there is no detection means or control means for controlling the concrete input amount and the input speed, the concrete injection cannot be performed with the optimum input speed characteristics according to the capacity and structure of the formwork. .

[0007] It is an object of the present invention to improve the quality of a product by introducing concrete with a previously set charging speed characteristic according to the capacity and structure of a mold, to enable automation of concrete charging, and the like. .

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling the amount of concrete to be poured into a form having an inlet at an upper end from a concrete supply means. In the above, the feeding speed adjusting means is provided in advance in the concrete supply means, and while the concrete is being poured into the formwork, the weight that has been put in is measured by the weight measuring means, and the feeding rate set in advance according to the capacity and structure of the formwork. It is characterized in that the charging speed adjusting means is controlled based on the loaded weight so that the charging is performed with the characteristics.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling the amount of concrete put into a formwork according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the level of the concrete put in at least at the final stage of concrete putting into the formwork is measured by a level measuring means. The end timing of concrete introduction is determined based on the measured level.

The apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete supplied to a formwork according to claim 3 is an apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete to be supplied when concrete is supplied from a concrete supply means to a formwork having an input port at an upper end thereof. The charging speed adjusting means provided in the, the weight measuring means for measuring the weight of the concrete that has been put into the form, and the charging speed characteristic of the concrete feeding to the form according to the capacity and structure of the form And a control means for controlling the charging speed adjusting means based on the measured weight received from the weight measuring means.

[0011] Concrete input amount control apparatus to mold according to claim 4, characterized in that in the invention of claim 3, the level measuring means for measuring the level of input already concrete at least the final stage of the concrete poured into the mold, And a charging end control means for determining an end timing of the concrete charging based on the measurement level received from the level measuring means.

[0012]

In the method for controlling the amount of concrete to be poured into a formwork according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concrete supply amount is controlled in order to control the amount of concrete when the concrete is supplied from a concrete supply means to a formwork having an inlet at an upper end portion. The means is provided with a charging speed adjusting means in advance, and while the concrete is being charged into the formwork, the weight that has been charged is measured by the weight measuring means, and the concrete is charged at a charging speed characteristic preset according to the capacity and structure of the formwork. Control the charging speed adjusting means on the basis of the charged weight

Therefore , it is possible to reliably prevent air from entering into the concrete in the formwork, separation of the concrete material, etc., to automate the concrete input, and to adjust the input amount according to the variation in the specific gravity of the concrete. Also becomes possible.

According to the method for controlling the amount of concrete charged into the formwork of the second aspect , the same effect as that of the first aspect is obtained.
At least at the final stage of the concrete injection into the formwork, the level of the already-injected concrete is measured by the level measuring means, and the concrete injection end timing is determined based on the measured level. Therefore, even when the specific gravity of the concrete varies, the concrete can be reliably and automatically filled up to the upper end of the formwork.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete to be poured into a formwork, the method comprising: The charging speed is adjusted by the charging speed adjusting means provided, and the weight of the concrete already charged into the formwork is measured by the weight measuring means. The control means has a map in which the input speed characteristic of concrete input into the form is set in advance according to the capacity and structure of the form, and controls the input speed adjusting means based on the measured weight received from the weight measuring means.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete put into a formwork, which has the same effect as in the third aspect .
The level measuring means measures the level of the poured concrete at least at the final stage of putting the concrete into the formwork, and the charging end control means determines the end timing of the concrete charging based on the measured level received from the level measuring means.

[0017]

According to the method for controlling the amount of concrete charged into the formwork according to the first aspect of the present invention, the concrete supply means is provided with a charging speed adjusting means in advance, and while the concrete is being poured into the formwork, the weight measured by the weight measuring means is measured. Is measured, and a charging speed adjusting means is set based on the charged weight so that charging is performed at a charging speed characteristic preset according to the capacity and structure of the mold.

Since the control is performed , the quality of the product can be improved by reliably preventing air from being mixed into the concrete in the form and separation of the concrete material, and the concrete input can be automated to reduce the production cost. It is also possible to adjust the input amount according to the variation of the specific gravity of the concrete, so that the quality of the product can be improved.

According to the method for controlling the amount of concrete charged into the formwork of the second aspect , the same effect as that of the first aspect is obtained.
At least at the final stage of concrete injection into the formwork, the level of the concrete is measured by the level measuring means, and the end timing of the concrete is determined based on the measured level. In addition, since concrete can be reliably and automatically filled up to the upper end of the mold, the accuracy of the outer shape of the product can be improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete to be poured into a formwork, comprising: a charging speed adjusting means for controlling a concrete charging speed; and a weight measuring means for measuring the weight of the concrete already charged into the formwork. The present invention has a map in which the input speed characteristic of concrete input into the form is set in advance according to the capacity and structure of the form, and the input speed adjusting means is provided based on the measured weight received from the weight measuring means.
As in 1 , the quality of the product can be improved by reliably preventing air from entering the concrete in the formwork and separation of the concrete material, and the concrete cost can be reduced by automating the concrete input. It is also possible to adjust the input amount according to the variation in the specific gravity of the concrete, so that the quality of the product can be improved.

According to the apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete put into a form according to the fourth aspect , the same effect as that of the third aspect is obtained.
Since at least at the final stage of concrete injection into the formwork, there is provided a level measuring means for measuring the level of the poured concrete and an end control means for determining the end timing of the concrete injection based on the measurement level received from the level measuring means. , like the second aspect, even if there are variations in the specific gravity of concrete, for reliably and automatically fill the concrete to the top of the mold, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the outer shape of the product.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The present embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a technology for controlling the amount of concrete charged in a concrete charging station of a production line for mass-producing concrete secondary products such as box culverts and U-shaped culverts of various sizes. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a mold supporting table 3 on which a mold 2 having an inlet 1 at an upper end is placed, is transported on a conveyor 4 of a production line by a lift and carry method. A plurality of types of molds 2 having various capacities and structures are applied as the molds 2, but a box culvert mold 2 having a certain capacity and structure is illustrated.

At the concrete loading station,
Above the conveyor 4, a concrete supply device 5 is provided. The concrete supply device 5 is mounted on a concrete supply hopper 6, a supply tube portion 7 connected to a lower end of the supply hopper 6, and an intermediate portion of the supply tube portion 7. A feed speed adjusting mechanism 10 comprising a rotary feeder 8 and an inverter motor 9 for driving the rotary feeder 8 to rotate. The concrete in the form 2 is fixedly attached to the supply hopper 6 from above the input port 2 of the form 2. A level measuring device 11 for measuring the liquid level is provided. Concrete is supplied to the concrete supply hopper 6 via a concrete supply vehicle and a piping system (not shown).

As the concrete, high-performance concrete such as hyper-performance concrete, high-fluidity concrete, or super-fluid concrete is used. The concrete surface becomes horizontal. The feeding speed adjusting mechanism 10 adjusts the concrete feeding speed by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotary feeder 8, and the concrete feeding speed (unit: Kg / sec).
c) is proportional to the number of times of the inverter motor 9 with the specific gravity of the concrete being constant, and the input speed becomes zero when the inverter motor 9 is stopped. The level measuring device 11
Is configured to project ultrasonic waves downward and detect the concrete liquid level from the reflected waves. However, it is also possible to apply a level measuring device that projects infrared light or laser light and detects the concrete liquid level from the reflected wave.

The form support 3 is composed of two vertically spaced rectangular base plates 3a.
Between them, four load cells 13 corresponding to a means for measuring the weight of the concrete put into the form 2 are interposed. The weight measured by the four load cells 13 includes the weight of the upper base plate 3a, the weight of the formwork 2, the weight of the reinforcing bar assembly 12, and the weight of the concrete put into the formwork 2. . The formwork 2 includes an outer formwork 2A comprising a bottom plate panel and four side wall panels, and an inner formwork 2B mounted on the outer formwork 2A in a horizontally penetrating manner. And rebar assembly 12 inside thereof.
After that, the inner formwork 2B is assembled into the outer formwork 2A and the reinforcing bar assembly 12 in a penetrating manner.

Next, a control system of the concrete input control device will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 20 of the concrete input control device includes an input interface 21 for reading detection signals from the four load cells 13, an ultrasonic generator 11 a of the liquid level sensor 11, and an ultrasonic detection device. An input interface 22 for the unit 11b, a microcomputer including a CPU 23, a ROM 24 and a RAM 25, a drive circuit 26 including an inverter for the inverter motor 9, a bus 27 such as a data bus, and the like.

The ROM 24 previously stores a control program for the input amount control, which will be described later, and tables and maps accompanying the control program. The RAM 25 is provided with various work memories necessary for the control. To explain the outline of the injection amount control, an injection speed characteristic when concrete is injected into the form 2 is set in advance according to the capacity and structure of the form 2, and the injection speed is controlled according to the injection speed characteristic. (See FIG. 4). And the specific gravity of concrete
During concrete injection to deal with
Detects the weight of the concrete that has been inserted, and detects the detected weight
The charging speed is corrected based on

FIG. 4 shows an example of a charging speed characteristic and a charging rate for a mold 2 for a box culvert of a certain size. The charging speed is gradually increased until the liquid level L1 shown in FIG. By charging at a low speed while keeping it, air is prevented from accumulating on the lower surface side of the bottom wall of the inner mold 2B. Thereafter, since there is little risk of air being mixed from the liquid level L1 to the liquid level L2, a constant high charging speed is maintained, the charging efficiency is ensured, and separation of the concrete material is prevented. Thereafter, after the liquid level L2, the charging speed is gradually reduced so that the concrete can be easily monitored so as not to overflow from the upper end of the formwork 2.

A description will be given of the tables and the maps. Although not shown, a plurality of input speed characteristics for all types of molds 2 are set in advance according to the capacity and structure of each form 2 with an input speed characteristic map. , As shown in FIG.
o. And a form table in which the type of the injection speed characteristic and the weight of the form (including the weight of the reinforcing bar assembly 12 in this case, if any), and the relationship between the input speed and the motor speed as shown in FIG. Are provided in advance, such as a motor speed map.

Next, the input amount control routine when introducing concrete into a mold 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following flowchart, reference symbol Si
(I = 2 1, 2 2 , ···) indicates each step. The main switch of the concrete charging amount control device is started and control is turned ON, the first detection signals of four load cells 13 is read (S 2 1), the upper base plate from the weight detected by the four load cells 13 by subtracting the weight of 3a, the own weight of the mold 2 including the rebar assembly 12 is calculated (S 2 2), applying the mold to No. the weight of the mold 2 to mold table in FIG. 5 When the type of input speed characteristic is calculated (S 2 3).

Next, a timer (TM) is started after reset to measure the time from the start of the injection speed control.
That (S 2 4). In the next S25, four load cells 1
3 is read and obtained from the detected signal.
Actual input amount Wa already input to form 2 from weight and form weight
c is calculated (S26). Next, the timer time T
M and the determined formwork No. A closing speed characteristic corresponding to the type of input speed characteristic (which is the input rate characteristic map) because addition rate is calculated (S 27).

Next, by applying the input rate to the map of FIG. 6, the motor rotation speed N (rotational speed) of Ru is calculated (S 2
8 ) . Next, the measured time TM of the timer and the charging speed characteristics
Then, the target input weight Wth is calculated (S29).
Note that, in this case, the current
Calculate the target input weight Wth from the time integration up to the time
You.

Next, the actual input amount Wac> the target input weight Wt
h (S30), and when the determination is Yes
Are Wac, Wth, and a preset map as shown in FIG.
The correction coefficient α (where 0 <α <1.0) is calculated from the
(S31), the motor speed N is reduced to N × α and corrected.
(S32). On the other hand, when the determination in S30 is No,
It is determined whether or not the actual input amount Wac <the target input weight Wth (S
33), if the determination is Yes, Wac, Wth, FIG.
9, a correction coefficient β (however,
1.0 <β) is calculated (S34), and the motor rotation speed is calculated.
N is increased and corrected to N × β (S35).

In S36 following S32 or S35
Controls the inverter motor 9 to be at the rotation speed N.
A motor control signal is output to the drive circuit 26,
It is determined whether the time TM is equal to or longer than the closing time te (S3).
7) If the determination is No, return to S25 and thereafter.
Is repeatedly executed, so that the charging speed characteristic is obtained.
Control the concrete injection speed
You. Then, the counting time TM becomes the charging end time te.
In S38, a motor control signal for stopping the motor
Is output to the drive circuit 26, and the motor 9 is stopped.
The concrete input amount control ends.

As described above, the injection speed at the time of pouring concrete into the form 2 is controlled so as to have an injection speed characteristic set in advance according to the capacity and structure of the form 2, thereby making it possible to form the concrete. 2 can be automatically filled with concrete without excess or shortage. The charging speed characteristic is appropriately set in advance in accordance with the capacity and structure of the mold 2. For example, since the charging is performed at a slowly increasing speed until the liquid level L1 in FIG. It is possible to reliably prevent air from remaining on the lower surface side of the bottom wall. As a result, the quality of the product can be improved.

After exceeding the liquid level L1, the liquid level L
Up to 2, doping at a high constant dosing speed can prevent separation of concrete material while ensuring dosing efficiency. As a result, the quality of the product can be improved and the productivity can be improved. From the period from 0 to t1 in FIG.
Since the charging speed is set to change continuously over the period from t2 to t2, motor control can be facilitated. After the liquid level L2 has been reached, the work is manually adjusted to adjust the excess or deficiency of the concrete input amount due to the variation in the specific gravity of the concrete, or the adjustment thereof, in order to perform the input at a low speed that gradually decreases from a high constant input speed. Control is simplified. Then, from the period from t1 to t2 in FIG.
Is set so as to continuously change over the period, motor control can be facilitated.

Moreover, based on the detection signal of the load cell 13,
To obtain the actual input amount Wac,
The target input weight Wth from the performance and Wac> Wth
Sometimes, the motor rotation speed N is corrected to decrease, and
When <Wth, the motor rotational speed N is increased and corrected.
Therefore, even if there is variation in the specific gravity of concrete,
Accurately control the feed rate while following the feed speed characteristics
be able to.

[0038] Another embodiment Next, another embodiment of the concrete input amount control will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 0 Figure 1 2. In the concrete input control , when there is a variation in the specific gravity of the concrete, etc., the concrete is not filled up to the upper end of the form 2 even after the concrete input is completed, or the form 2 in view from the top of that there is a fear that the concrete overflows, the end timing of the concrete poured, determined on the basis of the detection signal of the liquid level sensor 11, to fill just enough to the upper end of the mold 2.

[0039] The mold table in this embodiment, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10 , a final liquid level Le equal to the upper end surface of the mold 2 is set for each mold. Figure 1, Figure 1 2
According to the flowchart of FIG.
21, S22 similarly to S61, S62 are executed, then step S63 by applying the weight of the mold 2 to mold table in FIG. 1 0 formwork No. , The type of the charging speed characteristics, and the final liquid level Le are calculated. Next, the timer (TM) is started after resetting (S64), and then the detection signals of the four load cells 13 and the detection signal of the liquid level sensor 11 are read (S65), and then the same as S26 to S36. Steps S66 to S76 are executed.

Next, the current liquid level L is calculated based on the detection signal of the liquid level sensor 11 read in S65 (S77), and then the liquid level L ≧ the final liquid level L
e is determined (S78), and if the determination is No, it is determined whether or not the timed time TM ≧ the end time te (S7).
9) If the determination in S79 is No, the process returns to S65 and S6.
Steps 5 and after are repeated.

If the determination in S79 is Yes, the input speed cannot be set from the input speed characteristics, so the motor speed N is set equal to the latest motor speed N (S80), and the process returns to S76. , S76 and the subsequent steps are repeated. However, in this case, a new reading is performed in S77.
The liquid level L is obtained from the detection signal of the liquid level sensor 11.
Calculate. On the other hand, as a result of the determination in S78, the liquid level L ≧
In the case of the final liquid level Le, the concrete
Is filled up to the upper end surface, a motor control signal for stopping the motor is output to the drive circuit 26 (S81), and the control is thereafter terminated. As described above, when the liquid level L ≧ the final liquid level Le, the motor 9 is stopped without restriction of the clocking time TM, so that concrete is filled up to the upper end of the form 2 and then the form 2 Concrete can be prevented from overflowing from the upper end of the concrete.

Also, the liquid level L <the final liquid level Le
In the case of (1), the concrete injection is continued even when the clocking time TM reaches the injection end time te. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the concrete injection from stopping at a level lower than the upper end of the mold 2, and to form the concrete. Concrete can be reliably filled up to the upper end of No. 2. As described above, even if there is variation in the specific gravity of the concrete, the concrete can be filled up to the upper end of the formwork 2 with no excess or shortage. Therefore, the waste of the concrete can be eliminated and the quality of the product can be improved.
Moreover, since the reinforcing bar assembly 12 is not exposed above the upper end of the mold 2, the liquid level sensor 11 is
Erroneous control due to the detection of No. 2 does not occur.

Next, a description will be given of a modified embodiment in which a part of the embodiment is changed. 1) In the above embodiment, the case where high-fluidity concrete is applied and no vibration is applied to the formwork 2 has been described as an example. Even in the case where the present invention is applied, if the operation of the vibration applying means is intermittently stopped and the detection by the load cell 13 or the level measuring device 11 is performed during the stop, the present invention can be similarly applied. it can.

2) It is not always necessary to provide the four load cells 13, and even if three or two load cells 13 are provided, the weight can be detected. Further, instead of the load cells 13, the weight can be detected by air pressure or hydraulic pressure. A sensor of a detection type or another sensor having a weight detection function can be applied. 3) In order to simplify the calculation of the target input weight Wth, an input rate characteristic or an input weight characteristic as shown in FIG. 4 is set in a map in advance, and the target input weight Wth is determined from the map. May be configured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is an overall perspective view of a concrete input amount control apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal side view of a concrete input control device.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control system of the concrete input control device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a charging speed characteristic and a charging rate.

FIG. 5 is a chart of a formwork table.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a map in which a relationship between a motor rotation speed and a closing speed is set.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of concrete input control .

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a map in which a correction coefficient α is set.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a map in which a correction coefficient β is set.

FIG. 10 is a chart of a form table.

11 is a part of a flowchart of the concrete input amount control of another embodiment.

12 is a remainder of the flow chart of the concrete input amount control of FIG 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input port 2 Formwork 5 Concrete supply device 8 Rotary feeder 9 Inverter motor 10 Input speed adjustment mechanism 11 Level measuring device 13 Load cell 20 Control unit

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for controlling an amount of concrete to be charged when concrete is charged from a concrete supply means to a form having an input port at an upper end portion, wherein the concrete supply means is provided in advance with a charge speed adjusting means, While putting concrete, measure the put weight by the weight measuring means and control the feeding speed adjusting means based on the put weight so that the concrete is put at the feeding speed characteristic set in advance according to the capacity and structure of the formwork. A method for controlling the amount of concrete put into a formwork. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least at the final stage of concrete injection into the formwork, the level of the injected concrete is measured by a level measuring means, and the end timing of the concrete injection is determined based on the measured level. The method for controlling the amount of concrete charged into a formwork according to claim 1 . 3. An apparatus for controlling the amount of concrete to be poured when concrete is supplied from a concrete supply means to a form having a supply port at an upper end portion, wherein a supply speed adjusting means provided in the concrete supply means; A weight measuring means for measuring the weight of the concrete which has been put into the mold, and a map which presets a charging speed characteristic of the concrete charging into the form according to the capacity and structure of the form, and receives from the weight measuring means. A control device for controlling a charging speed adjusting device based on a measured weight, and a concrete charging amount control device for a formwork, comprising: 4. A level measuring means for measuring a level of the concrete which has been charged at least at a final stage of the concrete charging into the formwork, and a charging which determines a timing of ending the concrete charging based on a measurement level received from the level measuring means. The control apparatus according to claim 3 , further comprising: end control means.