JP2769158B2 - Alkaline batteries - Google Patents

Alkaline batteries

Info

Publication number
JP2769158B2
JP2769158B2 JP63113909A JP11390988A JP2769158B2 JP 2769158 B2 JP2769158 B2 JP 2769158B2 JP 63113909 A JP63113909 A JP 63113909A JP 11390988 A JP11390988 A JP 11390988A JP 2769158 B2 JP2769158 B2 JP 2769158B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
negative electrode
bottom plate
metal washer
sealing body
electrode terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP63113909A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01283760A (en
Inventor
浩文 岩城
勲 久保
登子和 金子
陽二 梶川
準一 浅岡
純 美好
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP63113909A priority Critical patent/JP2769158B2/en
Priority to KR1019880010294A priority patent/KR920004316B1/en
Priority to US07/234,603 priority patent/US4869978A/en
Priority to AU21454/88A priority patent/AU594249B2/en
Priority to CA000575720A priority patent/CA1305753C/en
Priority to DE3854899T priority patent/DE3854899T2/en
Priority to DE8888307958T priority patent/DE3878617T2/en
Priority to EP91116087A priority patent/EP0466213B1/en
Priority to EP88307958A priority patent/EP0309101B1/en
Publication of JPH01283760A publication Critical patent/JPH01283760A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2769158B2 publication Critical patent/JP2769158B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/02—Thermal shrinking
    • B29C61/025—Thermal shrinking for the production of hollow or tubular articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/81—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis the stirrers having central axial inflow and substantially radial outflow
    • B01F27/811—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis the stirrers having central axial inflow and substantially radial outflow with the inflow from one side only, e.g. stirrers placed on the bottom of the receptacle, or used as a bottom discharge pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/38—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses
    • B29C63/42—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses using tubular layers or sheathings
    • B29C63/423—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses using tubular layers or sheathings specially applied to the mass-production of externally coated articles, e.g. bottles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/021—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing
    • F16J15/022—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/154—Lid or cover comprising an axial bore for receiving a central current collector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/182—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for cells with a collector centrally disposed in the active mass, e.g. Leclanché cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/193—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、アルカリ乾電池の漏液防止構造に関するも
のである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for preventing leakage of alkaline dry batteries.

従来の技術 近年、電子機器の小型軽量化に伴いその電源用として
アルカリ乾電池の需要が急増している。特にストロボ，
カメラ，ヘッドホンステレオ，液晶テレビなどのハンデ
ィータイプの精密機器用への需要が大幅に増大している
ため、いかなる使用条件下においても高い信頼性及び安
全性を維持できるアルカリ乾電池が強く求められてい
る。特にアルカリ乾電池は電解液として高濃度のアルカ
リ性水溶液を使用しているため、万一漏液すると、機器
だけでなく人体に対しても重大な損傷を与える危険性が
あるので、耐漏液性能はアルカリ乾電池に求められる最
も重要な特性の一つである。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as electronic devices have become smaller and lighter, the demand for alkaline dry batteries for power sources has been rapidly increasing. Especially strobe,
The demand for handy-type precision equipment such as cameras, headphone stereos, and liquid crystal televisions has increased significantly, and there is a strong demand for alkaline batteries that can maintain high reliability and safety under any use conditions. . In particular, alkaline dry batteries use a high-concentration alkaline aqueous solution as the electrolyte.If leakage occurs, there is a danger of serious damage not only to equipment but also to the human body. This is one of the most important characteristics required for batteries.

以下にこれまでのアルカリ乾電池の構造を図を用いて
説明する。Hereinafter, the structure of the conventional alkaline battery will be described with reference to the drawings.

第１図は、これまでのアルカリ乾電池の代表的な構造
を示す半截側面図である。FIG. 1 is a half-cut side view showing a typical structure of a conventional alkaline battery.

図に示す様に、正極端子を兼ねる正極ケース１内に、
二酸化マンガンと黒鉛からなる正極合剤２を円筒形に成
形する。そしてその内側空間にか性カリ，粘性物質及び
汞化亜鉛からなる負極ゲル状物質３をセパレータ４を介
して注入し、樹脂封口体10,負極集電体5,ガス抜穴７を
有する負極端子底板６及びガス抜穴９を有する金属ワッ
シャー８を一体化した部品を正極ケース１内に挿入し、
ケースの開口部11を巻き締めして素電池を構成する。As shown in the figure, a positive electrode case 1 also serving as a positive electrode terminal
A positive electrode mixture 2 composed of manganese dioxide and graphite is formed into a cylindrical shape. Then, a negative electrode gel-like substance 3 composed of caustic potash, viscous substance and zinc calomel is injected into the inner space through a separator 4, and a negative electrode terminal having a resin sealing body 10, a negative electrode current collector 5, and a gas vent hole 7 is provided. A part in which the bottom plate 6 and the metal washer 8 having the gas vent hole 9 are integrated is inserted into the positive electrode case 1,
The opening 11 of the case is tightly wound to form a unit cell.

一般に、アルカリ乾電池に用いられているか性カリ電
解液はクリープ性が大きいため、封口部材間の封口強度
が弱いと、電池を保存しただけで封口部材間から漏液
し、電池として使用できなくなる。従って耐漏液性能を
向上させるために樹脂封口体10と負極端子底板６との間
に金属ワッシャー８を設置して封口部材間の密着性を向
上させた封口構造が一般的に採用されている。Generally, the alkaline potassium electrolyte used in alkaline dry batteries has a high creep property. If the sealing strength between the sealing members is low, the battery leaks from between the sealing members only after the battery is stored, and cannot be used as a battery. Therefore, in order to improve the liquid leakage resistance, a sealing structure in which a metal washer 8 is provided between the resin sealing body 10 and the negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6 to improve the adhesion between the sealing members is generally adopted.

発明が解決しようとする課題 しかしこのような構造では、電池を多湿環境下に保存
すると、後述するメカニズムにより、カリウム陽イオン
K+が樹脂封口体10を透過するため、例えば１ケ月以上の
長期の多湿保存の下では著しい漏液現象が現われる。However, in such a structure, when the battery is stored in a humid environment, a potassium cation
Since K + permeates the resin sealing body 10, a remarkable liquid leakage phenomenon appears under long-term humid storage for, for example, one month or more.

この現象のメカニズムを図を用いて説明する。第６図
は第１図に示したアルカリ乾電池の封口部分の拡大図で
ある。電池を多湿環境下に保存すると、第６図に示すよ
うに、負極端子底板６のガス抜穴７から入った水分が金
属ワッシャー８と樹脂封口体10との間の空間12に到達す
る。The mechanism of this phenomenon will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a sealing portion of the alkaline dry battery shown in FIG. When the battery is stored in a humid environment, as shown in FIG. 6, the water entering through the gas vent hole 7 of the negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6 reaches the space 12 between the metal washer 8 and the resin sealing body 10.

ところで、強度や加工性，コストなど実用性を考慮し
て一般的に金属ワッシャー８は鉄製のもの、樹脂封口体
10は含水性のナイロン製のものが使用されている。この
とき第６図のＡに示す部分は一つの電気化学反応回路を
形成し、第７図に示すようなモデルで表わすことができ
る。第７図はナイロン隔膜10′を介して左側に亜鉛を浸
漬させた高濃度か性カリ水溶液３′，右側に鉄を浸漬さ
せた水８′が存在し、亜鉛と鉄が導線５′で結ばれてい
る電気化学反応モデルである。次に、この第７図におけ
る反応メカニズムを説明する。By the way, in consideration of practicality such as strength, workability and cost, the metal washer 8 is generally made of iron,
Numeral 10 is made of hydrous nylon. At this time, the portion shown in FIG. 6A forms one electrochemical reaction circuit and can be represented by a model as shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows a high-concentration caustic aqueous solution 3 'in which zinc is immersed on the left side and water 8' in which iron is immersed on the right side through a nylon diaphragm 10 ', and zinc and iron are connected by a conductor 5'. This is an electrochemical reaction model that has been used. Next, the reaction mechanism in FIG. 7 will be described.

第７図においてか性カリ水溶液中４′の亜鉛の表面上
では式１に示す様な亜鉛の溶解反応が起こり、水８′中
の鉄の表面上では式２に示す様な水素ガス発生反応が起
こる。In FIG. 7, the dissolution reaction of zinc as shown in the formula 1 occurs on the surface of 4 'zinc in the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and the hydrogen gas generation reaction as shown in the formula 2 on the surface of iron in water 8'. Happens.

Zn＋4K+＋4OH-→2K+＋Zn（OH）4 --＋2K+＋2e- ……
（１） 2H+＋2OH-＋2e-→H2＋2OH- ……（２） この反応と同時に含水性ナイロン隔膜10′中をか性カ
リ水溶液３′水８′中へカリウム陽イオンK+が移動し、
水８′中においてか性カリ水溶液（K+＋OH-）を形成す
る。つまり、式１及び式２に示す反応が進行するのに伴
い水８′中のか性カリ濃度が徐々に増加し、ついには高
カリアルカリ性に示すに到る。 Zn + 4K + + 4OH - → 2K + + Zn (OH) 4 - + 2K + + 2e - ......
(1) 2H + + 2OH − + 2e − → H 2 + 2OH − (2) At the same time as this reaction, potassium cations K + move into the aqueous caustic solution 3 ′ into the water 8 ′ through the water-containing nylon membrane 10 ′. ,
Caustic potash solution in water 8 'in (K + + OH -) to form a. That is, as the reaction represented by the formulas 1 and 2 progresses, the concentration of potassium hydroxide in the water 8 'gradually increases, and finally the potassium 8 becomes highly alkaline.

第６図と第７図とを比較対照すると、ナイロン隔膜1
0′は樹脂封口体10に対応し、亜鉛を浸漬させた高濃度
か性カリ水溶液３′は負極ゲル状物質３、鉄を浸漬させ
た水８′は水分の付着した鉄ワッシャー８、亜鉛と鉄を
結んでいる導線５′は負極集電体５と負極端子底板６に
それぞれ対応している。6 and 7, the nylon diaphragm 1
0 ′ corresponds to the resin sealing body 10; a high concentration caustic potash aqueous solution 3 ′ in which zinc is immersed; the negative electrode gel-like substance 3; water 8 ′ in which iron is immersed; Conductors 5 ′ connecting iron correspond to the negative electrode current collector 5 and the negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6, respectively.

すなわち、電池を多湿環境下に保存すると、式１及び
式２に示す反応が進行し、鉄ワッシャー８とナイロン封
口体10に挟まれた空間部分12に到達した水分中のか性カ
リ濃度が増加し、そのアルカリ性水分が逆に負極端子底
板６のガス抜穴９から漏出するものと推察され、例えば
１ケ月以上の長期多湿保存では著しい漏液現象となり、
実用上大きな支障が生じる。That is, when the battery is stored in a humid environment, the reactions represented by the formulas 1 and 2 progress, and the concentration of potassium contained in the water reaching the space 12 sandwiched between the iron washer 8 and the nylon sealing body 10 increases. It is presumed that the alkaline water leaks from the gas vent hole 9 of the negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6 in the opposite direction.
Practical problems occur.

課題を解決するための手段 本発明はアルカリ乾電池の正極ケース１の開口部を封
口するナイロン封口体10と負極端子底板６との間に金属
ワッシャー８を設置する構成において、少なくとも金属
ワッシャーと接する面を絶縁処理した負極端子底板また
は少なくとも負極端子底板と接する面を絶縁処理した金
属ワッシャー，または少なくともナイロン封口体と接す
る面を絶縁処理した金属ワッシャーまたは絶縁物製ワッ
シャー，または少なくとも金属ワッシャーと接する面を
絶縁処理したナイロン封口体，または少なくとも電解液
と接する面を絶縁処理したナイロン封口体または負極端
子底板と金属ワッシャー間に絶縁物の設置または金属ワ
ッシャーとナイロン封口体間に絶縁物の設置などにより
前述した電気化学反応回路を切断し、耐漏液特性の向上
を図るものである。Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, in a configuration in which a metal washer 8 is provided between a nylon sealing body 10 for closing an opening of a positive electrode case 1 of an alkaline dry battery and a negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6, at least a surface in contact with the metal washer A metal washer whose surface in contact with the negative electrode terminal bottom plate or at least the negative electrode terminal plate is insulated, or a metal washer whose surface in contact with the nylon sealing body is insulated, or a washer made of insulator, or at least the surface in contact with the metal washer Insulation between the nylon sealing body or the nylon sealing body with at least the surface in contact with the electrolytic solution or the insulation between the negative terminal bottom plate and the metal washer, or the installation of the insulation between the metal washer and the nylon sealing body Breaks the electrochemical reaction circuit It is intended to improve.

作用 上記手段を用いることにより、たとえ金属ワッシャー
８上に水分が存在しても第６図のＡ部における電気化学
反応回路をたち切ることができるため、式1,式２で表わ
される化学反応は起こらなく、金属ワッシャー上の水分
がアルカリ性に変化しない。すなわち、電池を長期に多
湿環境下に保存しても、漏液現象を防止することができ
る。Operation By using the above means, even if moisture is present on the metal washer 8, the electrochemical reaction circuit in the part A in FIG. 6 can be cut off. It does not occur and the water on the metal washer does not change to alkaline. That is, even if the battery is stored in a humid environment for a long time, the liquid leakage phenomenon can be prevented.

実 施 例 以下本発明の実施例について図面を参照しながら説明
する。Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

第２図は本発明の第１の実施例におけるアルカリ乾電
池の封口部分の拡大断面図である。この第２図におい
て、13は金属ワッシャー８上に施した絶縁塗装膜であ
る。他の構成要素は第１のそれと同様である。すなわち
絶縁塗装膜13により、金属ワッシャー８と負極端子底板
６とは電気的に絶縁されている。FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a sealed portion of the alkaline dry battery in the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 13 denotes an insulating coating film formed on the metal washer 8. The other components are the same as the first. That is, the metal washer 8 and the negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6 are electrically insulated by the insulating coating film 13.

以上のように本実施例によれば、金属ワッシャー８に
絶縁塗装膜13を施すことにより、例えば電池を多湿環境
下に保存し、ガス抜穴7,9を通過して樹脂封口体10と金
属ワッシャー８との間の空間12に外気中の水分が到達し
ても、負極端子底板６と金属ワッシャー８との接触面が
電気的に絶縁されているので、漏液現象は起こらない。
そのメカニズムを第３図を用いて説明する。第３図は第
２図の封口部をモデル的に描いたものである。第３図に
おける絶縁膜13′は第２図における絶縁塗装膜13に対応
している。つまり第３図において亜鉛と鉄が電気的に絶
縁されているので、式１及び式２の反応は進行せず、水
８′中へのK+の移動はなく、従って水８′はアルカリ性
に変化しない。以上のメカニズムにより、第２図図示の
本実施例によれば、金属ワッシャー８の上面に絶縁塗装
膜13を施したことにより多湿環境下に電池を保持したと
きの漏液を防止することができる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, by applying the insulating coating film 13 to the metal washer 8, for example, the battery is stored in a humid environment, and the resin sealing body 10 and the metal Even if moisture in the outside air reaches the space 12 between the washer 8 and the contact surface between the negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6 and the metal washer 8, the liquid leakage phenomenon does not occur.
The mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a model drawing of the sealing portion of FIG. The insulating film 13 'in FIG. 3 corresponds to the insulating coating film 13 in FIG. That is, in FIG. 3, since zinc and iron are electrically insulated, the reactions of Formulas 1 and 2 do not proceed, and there is no transfer of K + into water 8 ′, and thus water 8 ′ becomes alkaline. It does not change. By the above mechanism, according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2, by applying the insulating coating film 13 on the upper surface of the metal washer 8, it is possible to prevent liquid leakage when the battery is held in a humid environment. .

第４図は本発明の第２の実施例における素電池の封口
部分の拡大図である。第４図において、14は金属ワッシ
ャー８の下面に施した絶縁塗装膜である。他の構成要素
は第１図のそれと同様である。すなわち絶縁塗装膜14に
より、金属ワッシャー８と含水性ナイロン封口体とは電
気伝導イオン伝導が切断されている。FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a sealed portion of a unit cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 14 denotes an insulating coating film formed on the lower surface of the metal washer 8. Other components are the same as those in FIG. That is, the electrically conductive ion conduction between the metal washer 8 and the water-containing nylon sealing body is cut off by the insulating coating film 14.

以上のように本実施例によれば、金属ワッシャー８の
下面に絶縁塗装膜14を施すことにより、例えば電池を多
湿環境下に保存し、樹脂封口体10と金属ワッシャー８と
の間の空間12に外気中の水分が到達しても、金属ワッシ
ャー８と含水性ナイロン封口体10との間に、イオン伝導
がないので漏液現象が起こらない。そのメカニズムを第
５図を用いて説明する。第５図は第４図の封口部をモデ
ル的に描いたものである。第５図における絶縁塗装膜1
4′は第４図における絶縁塗装膜14に対応している。つ
まり第５図において鉄が水８′と直接接触している部分
がないので、鉄表面上において式２の水素ガス発生反応
が起こらず、必然的に式１の反応も進行せず、水８′中
へのK+の移動はなく、従って水８′はアルカリ性に変化
しない。以上のメカニズムにより、第４図の本実施例に
よれば、金属ワッシャー８の下面に絶縁塗装膜14を施し
たことにより、多湿環境下に保存したときの電池の漏液
を防止することができる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, by applying the insulating coating film 14 on the lower surface of the metal washer 8, for example, the battery is stored in a humid environment, and the space 12 between the resin sealing body 10 and the metal washer 8 is formed. Even if the moisture in the outside air reaches the above, there is no ionic conduction between the metal washer 8 and the water-containing nylon sealing body 10, so that the liquid leakage phenomenon does not occur. The mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a model drawing of the sealing portion of FIG. Insulation coating film 1 in Fig. 5
4 'corresponds to the insulating coating film 14 in FIG. That is, since there is no portion where iron is in direct contact with the water 8 'in FIG. 5, the hydrogen gas generation reaction of the formula 2 does not occur on the iron surface, and the reaction of the formula 1 does not necessarily proceed. There is no transfer of K + into the '8' and therefore the water 8 'does not turn alkaline. By the above mechanism, according to the present embodiment of FIG. 4, by applying the insulating coating film 14 on the lower surface of the metal washer 8, it is possible to prevent the battery from leaking when stored in a humid environment. .

表１は、単３形アルカリ乾電池を温度60℃，湿度90％
に保存した際の耐漏液テストの結果を示している。Table 1 shows that AA alkaline batteries were used at a temperature of 60 ° C and a humidity of 90%.
3 shows the results of a liquid leakage resistance test when stored.

表１から明らかなように、第１の実施例および第２の
実施例により構成された単３形アルカリ乾電池は、従来
例の単３形アルカリ乾電池に比較して、耐漏液性が著し
く向上した。なお、第３図および第５図に示した電気化
学反応回路を遮断することによって耐漏液性を高める原
理から、金属ワッシャーに塗布する絶縁膜の代わりに、
絶縁性のリングを負極端子底板と金属ワッシャーとの
間、またはナイロン封口体と金属ワッシャーとの間に設
置する構成であっても明らかに第１および第２の実施例
と同様の効果がある。 As is clear from Table 1, the AA alkaline batteries constructed according to the first and second embodiments have significantly improved liquid leakage resistance as compared with the conventional AA alkaline batteries. . In addition, from the principle of increasing the leak resistance by shutting off the electrochemical reaction circuit shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, instead of the insulating film applied to the metal washer,
The same effect as in the first and second embodiments can be clearly obtained even when the insulating ring is provided between the negative electrode terminal bottom plate and the metal washer or between the nylon sealing body and the metal washer.

発明の効果 本発明は、アルカリ乾電池の正極ケース１の開口部を
封口するナイロン封口体10と負極端子底板６との間に金
属ワッシャー８を設置する構成のアルカリ乾電池におい
て負極端子底板６と金属ワッシャー８間の絶縁化または
金属ワッシャー８とナイロン封口体10間の絶縁化または
ナイロン封口体10と電解液間の絶縁化により、アルカリ
乾電池の多湿環境保存下における電池の漏液現象を防止
できるという効果を得ることができる優れたアルカリ乾
電池を実現できるものである。Effect of the Invention The present invention is directed to an alkaline dry battery having a structure in which a metal washer 8 is provided between a nylon sealing body 10 for closing an opening of a positive electrode case 1 of an alkaline dry battery and a negative electrode terminal bottom plate 6. The insulation between the metal washer 8 and the nylon sealing body 10 or the insulation between the nylon sealing body 10 and the electrolytic solution can be prevented by preventing the battery from leaking under the humid environment storage of the alkaline dry battery. And an excellent alkaline dry battery capable of obtaining the following.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第１図はアルカリ乾電池の代表的な構成を示す半截断面
図、第２図は本発明の第１の実施例におけるアルカリ乾
電池の封口部分の拡大断面図、第３図は第２図に示した
実施例の化学反応モデル図、第４図は第２の実施例にお
けるアルカリ乾電池の封口部分の拡大の拡大断面図、第
５図は第４図に示した実施例の化学反応モデル図、第６
図は従来のアルカリ乾電池の封口部分の拡大断面図、第
７図はその化学反応モデル図である。 １……正極ケース、２……正極合剤、３……負極ゲル状
物質、４……セパレータ、５……負極集電体、６……負
極端子底板、７……ガス抜穴、８……金属ワッシャー、
９……ガス抜穴、10……樹脂封口体、11……ケース開口
部、12……空間、13……絶縁塗装膜、３′……亜鉛を浸
漬させた高濃度か性カリ水溶液、５′……導線、８′…
…鉄を浸漬させた水、10′……ナイロン隔膜。FIG. 1 is a half sectional view showing a typical configuration of an alkaline dry battery, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a sealing portion of the alkaline dry battery in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a chemical reaction model diagram of the embodiment, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of an enlarged portion of a sealed portion of the alkaline dry battery in the second embodiment, FIG. 5 is a chemical reaction model diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG.
The figure is an enlarged sectional view of a sealed portion of a conventional alkaline battery, and FIG. 7 is a chemical reaction model diagram thereof. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Positive electrode case 2, ... Positive electrode mixture, 3 ... Negative electrode gel material, 4 ... Separator 5, ... Negative electrode current collector, 6 ... Negative electrode terminal bottom plate, 7 ... Gas vent hole, 8 ... …Metal washer,
9: Gas vent hole, 10: Resin sealing body, 11: Case opening, 12: Space, 13: Insulating coating film, 3 ': High concentration caustic potash aqueous solution impregnated with zinc, 5 '... Conductor, 8' ...
... water soaked with iron, 10 '... nylon membrane.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 金子 登子和 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電 器産業株式会社内 (72)発明者 梶川 陽二 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電 器産業株式会社内 (72)発明者 浅岡 準一 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電 器産業株式会社内 (72)発明者 美好 純 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電 器産業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭60−81761（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−216438（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−274549（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭54−9738（ＪＰ，Ａ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tokiwa Kaneko 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Inside (72) Inventor Junichi Asaoka 1006 Kadoma, Kazuma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Jun Miyoshi 1006 Odaka, Kazuma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56 References JP-A-60-81761 (JP, A) JP-A-60-216438 (JP, A) JP-A-62-274549 (JP, A) JP-A-54-9938 (JP, A)

Claims (9)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】正極ケースの開口部を封口するナイロン封
口体と、前記封口体の外側に負極集電体を介して前記封
口体の内側の負極と導通している負極端子底板を載置し
た構成を有し、前記封口体と負極端子底板との間に金属
ワッシャーを設置したアルカリ乾電池であって、負極端
子底板および金属ワッシャーはガス抜き孔を有してお
り、負極端子底板と金属ワッシャー間を絶縁化するか、
または金属ワッシャーとナイロン封口体間を絶縁化した
ことを特徴とするアルカリ乾電池。1. A nylon sealing member for sealing an opening of a positive electrode case, and a negative electrode terminal bottom plate electrically connected to a negative electrode inside the sealing member via a negative electrode current collector are mounted outside the sealing member. An alkaline dry battery having a configuration, wherein a metal washer is provided between the sealing body and the negative electrode terminal bottom plate, wherein the negative electrode terminal bottom plate and the metal washer have gas vent holes, and are provided between the negative electrode terminal bottom plate and the metal washer. Insulate or
Alternatively, an alkaline battery, wherein a metal washer and a nylon sealing body are insulated. 【請求項２】少なくとも金属ワッシャーと接する面を絶
縁処理した負極端子底板を用いた請求項１記載のアルカ
リ乾電池。2. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein a negative electrode terminal bottom plate having at least a surface in contact with a metal washer is insulated. 【請求項３】少なくとも負極端子底板と接する面を絶縁
処理した金属ワッシャーを用いた請求項１記載のアルカ
リ乾電池。3. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein a metal washer having at least a surface in contact with the negative electrode terminal bottom plate is insulated. 【請求項４】少なくともナイロン封口体と接する面を絶
縁処理した金属ワッシャーを用いた請求項１記載のアル
カリ乾電池。4. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein a metal washer having at least a surface in contact with the nylon sealing body is subjected to insulation treatment. 【請求項５】少なくとも金属ワッシャーと接する面を絶
縁処理したナイロン封口体を用いた請求項１記載のアル
カリ乾電池。5. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein a nylon sealing body having at least a surface in contact with a metal washer is insulated. 【請求項６】少なくとも電解液と接する面を絶縁処理し
たナイロン封口体を用いた請求項１記載のアルカリ乾電
池。6. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein a nylon sealing body having at least a surface in contact with the electrolyte is subjected to insulation treatment. 【請求項７】負極端子底板と金属ワッシャーとの間に絶
縁リングを設置した請求項１記載のアルカリ乾電池。7. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein an insulating ring is provided between the negative electrode terminal bottom plate and the metal washer. 【請求項８】金属ワッシャーとナイロン封口体との間に
絶縁リングを設置した請求項１記載のアルカリ乾電池。8. The alkaline dry battery according to claim 1, wherein an insulating ring is provided between the metal washer and the nylon sealing body. 【請求項９】正極ケースの開口部を封口するナイロン封
口体と、前記封口体の外側に負極集電体を介して前記封
口体の内側の負極と導通している負極端子底板を載置し
た構成を有し、前記封口体を負極端子底板との間にワッ
シャーを設置したアルカリ乾電池であって、負極端子底
板およびワッシャーはガス抜き孔を有しており、ワッシ
ャーは非導電性であり非イオン伝導性である絶縁物であ
るアルカリ乾電池。9. A nylon sealing body for sealing the opening of the positive electrode case, and a negative electrode terminal bottom plate electrically connected to a negative electrode inside the sealing body via a negative electrode current collector are placed outside the sealing body. An alkaline dry battery having a structure, wherein the sealing body is provided with a washer between the negative electrode terminal bottom plate and the negative electrode terminal bottom plate, wherein the negative electrode terminal bottom plate and the washer have gas vent holes, and the washer is non-conductive and non-ionic. Alkaline batteries that are conductive insulators.
JP63113909A 1987-08-28 1988-05-11 Alkaline batteries Expired - Fee Related JP2769158B2 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63113909A JP2769158B2 (en) 1988-05-11 1988-05-11 Alkaline batteries
KR1019880010294A KR920004316B1 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-12 Alkali dry cell
US07/234,603 US4869978A (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-22 Cylindrical alkaline batteries
AU21454/88A AU594249B2 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-23 Cylindrical alkaline batteries
CA000575720A CA1305753C (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-25 Cylindrical alkaline batteries
DE3854899T DE3854899T2 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-26 Cylindrical alkaline batteries
DE8888307958T DE3878617T2 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-26 CYLINDRICAL ALKALINE BATTERIES.
EP91116087A EP0466213B1 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-26 Cylindrical alkaline batteries
EP88307958A EP0309101B1 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-08-26 Cylindrical alkaline batteries

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63113909A JP2769158B2 (en) 1988-05-11 1988-05-11 Alkaline batteries

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01283760A JPH01283760A (en) 1989-11-15
JP2769158B2 true JP2769158B2 (en) 1998-06-25

Family

ID=14624221

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63113909A Expired - Fee Related JP2769158B2 (en) 1987-08-28 1988-05-11 Alkaline batteries

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2769158B2 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS549738A (en) * 1977-06-24 1979-01-24 Toshiba Ray O Vac Alkaline cell
JPS6081761A (en) * 1983-10-13 1985-05-09 Toshiba Battery Co Ltd Manufacture of sealing body for battery
JPS60216438A (en) * 1984-04-11 1985-10-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Cylindrical alkali cell
JPH0744030B2 (en) * 1986-05-22 1995-05-15 日立マクセル株式会社 Sealing body for cylindrical alkaline batteries

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01283760A (en) 1989-11-15

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