JP2769122B2 - Smoke dust removal equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flue gas removing apparatus for separating and recovering dust and the like contained in flue gas from heat generating engines such as incinerators and boilers to prevent environmental pollution.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A number of proposals have been made to prevent scattering of soot, fire powder, combustion debris and the like in flue gas. The most common method is to attach a wire mesh to the end of the chimney. However, in this method, the wire mesh is clogged immediately, which hinders the emission of smoke and also lowers the combustion efficiency. Further, since the wire mesh is extremely consumed, a sufficient dust removing effect is expected. It cannot be done.

[0003] In addition to the above, a shower type, for example,
A dust collector using a cyclone disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 17525 is also proposed, but requires power.
There are problems to be solved such as a decrease in combustion efficiency, a cost of repair and other running costs, and troublesome handling.

[0004] Accordingly, the present applicant has previously proposed a flue gas dedusting apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-45255).

In this device, a part of a smoke exhaust tube A is made into a swirl flow generating tube B having a large diameter, and a spinning inner tube C whose upper and lower ends are conically closed inside the swirl flow generating tube B. An annular space D is formed concentrically around the annular space D, and a plurality of inclined guide vanes E are radially attached to the annular space D. Above the inclined guide vanes E, the upper smoke stack A An inverted funnel-shaped guide tube F is projected to face the lower end H to form an annular gap Q, and an upwardly directed annular groove G is formed between the guide tube F and the inner wall of the swirl flow generating tube B to form the above-mentioned smoke exhaust tube A. Lower end H
A downwardly directed annular groove J is formed between the swirling flow generating cylinder B and the upper end of the swirling flow generating cylinder B, and a dust separating cylinder K is provided concentrically outside the swirling flow generating cylinder B. Are communicated with each other at a discharge port L provided on the wall of the swirl flow generating cylinder of the annular groove G, and an exhaust pipe M is attached to the upper part of the dust separating cylinder K, and this is drawn into the flue gas A so that it is at the center of the flue gas A. A dust box N is provided at the lower end of the dust separation tube K so as to open upward. In addition, P is a barrier plate provided so that dust and dust sucked in from the discharge port L do not flow upward and are sucked into the exhaust pipe M as it is.

The operation of this device will be described. Dust that includes fire powder, combustion debris, and the like that has risen in the flue gas tube A passes through the inclined guide vanes E in the swirl flow generating tube B to form a swirl flow. Then, the fire powder and combustion debris having a large specific gravity are brought outward by centrifugal force and rise while turning along the inner surface of the inverted funnel-shaped guide tube F. Since the guide tube F has a reverse funnel shape and has a smaller diameter as it goes upward, the swirling speed of the smoke is accelerated. For this reason, the fire powder and the combustion debris that have risen along the inner surfaces of the swirling flow generating cylinder B and the guide cylinder F are blown outward from the annular gap Q by centrifugal force, are drawn into the annular groove G, and are discharged. L falls into the dust separation tube K. Some of the sparks and combustion debris blown off by the centrifugal force rise as a swirling flow along the upper end of the swirling flow generating tube B, but are blocked by the lower end H of the smoke exhaust tube A, and have a downward annular groove. While turning inside J, it descends and falls into the dust separation cylinder K from the discharge port L. When the sparks and combustion debris fall into the dust separation tube K, they lose their turning force, fall to the bottom of the dust separation tube K, and accumulate in the dust box N.

On the other hand, as described above, the lower end H of the swirl flow generating cylinder B opposing the guide cylinder F and protruding from the upper smoke discharge cylinder G.
The flue gas and combustion debris are discharged outward due to the presence of the annular gap Q formed by the above, and the flue gas from which dust has been removed rises upward through the flue gas tube A. Further, the smoke discharged from the discharge port L together with the fire powder and the combustion debris is removed by the dust separating tube K as described above, and is discharged into the upper smoke discharging tube A through the exhaust pipe M. . The exhaust pipe M is provided concentrically with the upper smoke stack A with the opening thereof facing upward, and a central negative pressure acts inside the exhaust pipe M due to the smoke exhaust stream rising upward therearound. Becomes Therefore, a negative pressure also acts in the dust separation tube K to which the exhaust pipe M communicates, so that fire powder and combustion debris are sucked into the dust separation tube K from the discharge port L.

According to this device, a swirling flow is generated in the swirling flow generating cylinder using the ascending air flow of the flue gas itself, and dust such as fire powder and combustion debris is removed by the centrifugal force. To use the natural laws of air flow, such as guiding dust to a dust separation tube installed around the hood to separate dust, and discharging purified smoke into the smoke stack using central negative pressure. No power is required. Therefore, it is possible to expect an effect such as not causing a failure, facilitating maintenance, and significantly extending the life.

[0009]

However, in this apparatus, the discharge port L is formed only at two places of the annular groove G, and the opening area thereof is not sufficient. Burning debris is caused by centrifugal force to produce annular gap Q.
It is difficult to effectively discharge the sparks and combustion debris to the dust separation tube K even if the dust is efficiently blown outward. Moreover,
Among the flue gas including the fire powder and the combustion debris blown off by the centrifugal force, the flue gas which is blocked by the lower end H of the flue gas tube A and turns in the downward annular groove J falls down from the discharge port L in the meantime. Although it falls into the dust separation tube K, the suction into the dust separation tube K is undesirably suppressed due to the small opening of the discharge port L. Therefore, there is a problem that the efficiency of collecting dust into the dust box N is insufficient.

[0010] The dust separating cylinder K is provided with an inclined surface K in order to guide the spontaneously dropped fire powder and combustion debris to the dust box N.
a is formed, but since the inclination angle is set to approximately 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, even if the bent corner, the sparks, and the combustion debris freely fall on the inclined surface Ka, the dust box N slides easily. Will not fall. Therefore, the sparks,
There is also a problem that the efficiency of collecting dust in the dust box N is insufficient because only the combustion debris is accumulated.

Further, the temperature of the smoke exhaust to which the swirling flow has been given in the swirling flow generating cylinder B is liable to drop.
However, there is also a problem that the combustion efficiency is low and the smoke eliminating effect is poor.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to significantly improve the efficiency of collecting dust and dust into a dust box with a simple structure, and to improve the heat-removing effect of the swirling flow generating cylinder. It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke and dust removing device capable of improving the above.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a lower flue gas cylinder, a swirl flow generating cylinder connected to the upper end of the lower smoke flare, and a swirl flow generating cylinder. Dust that is arranged so as to hermetically surround each of the upper smoke stack arranged at a predetermined space and at least the swirling flow generating cylinder and the upper smoke stack, and the diameter of which is reduced at the bottom through an inclined surface. A dust separation tube provided with a discharge port, an exhaust pipe communicating the dust separation tube with the upper smoke discharge tube, and a dust box detachably attached to the dust discharge port of the dust separation tube; the well as arranged eccentrically to one with respect to the lower discharge Ento and upper discharge Ento, the inclination angle theta ₁ with respect to the horizontal plane of the inclined surface of the dust separating cylinder is characterized in that set to 50 degrees or more, the the present invention The invention of 2 is characterized in that the dust separating cylinder is provided with a lower smoke stack and A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the exhaust pipe is led out from a side having a large eccentricity while being disposed so as to be eccentric to one side with respect to the upper smoke stack. And a dust box is disposed below the side having a large amount of eccentricity.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is directed to a lower smoke exhaust tube, a swirl flow generating cylinder connected to an upper end of the lower smoke exhaust tube, and an upper exhaust smoke tube disposed above the swirl flow generating tube via a predetermined space. Dust that has a dust outlet that is closed and bent in a sealed manner over a smoke stack, a lower smoke stack including a swirl flow generating cylinder, and an upper smoke stack, and that has a reduced diameter through an inclined surface at the bottom. A separation tube,
An exhaust pipe communicating between the dust separation tube and the upper smoke exhaust tube, and a dust box detachably attached to a dust discharge port of the dust separation tube, wherein the dust separation tube is attached to the lower smoke exhaust tube and the upper smoke exhaust tube. By arranging the exhaust pipe from the side with the larger amount of eccentricity, and by arranging the exhaust pipe from the side with the larger eccentricity, and making the swirling flow generating cylinder part a double structure with the dust separating cylinder, the temperature of the swirling flow generating cylinder part is maintained. The fifth invention is characterized in that the dust separating cylinder and / or the lower smoke exhaust cylinder are covered with a heat insulating material.

[0015]

According to the above construction, the swirling flow is given to the smoke exhaust rising in the lower smoke exhaust tube by the swirling flow generating tube, and the smoke exhaust containing heavy dust is swirled along the inner surface of the swirling flow generating tube. I will be. The flue gas is sucked through the annular space into a dust separating cylinder arranged to be eccentric to one of the lower smoke stack and the upper smoke stack by utilizing a negative pressure generated there. Then, dust such as fire powder and combustion debris in the flue gas that has lost the turning force is smoothly accumulated in the dust box along the inclined surface of the dust separating cylinder. In particular, the angle theta ₁ of the inclined surface is effective in the case of more than 50 degrees relative to the horizontal plane. On the other hand, the purified smoke is discharged to the upper smoke stack via the exhaust pipe arranged on the side with the larger eccentricity, but at this time, since a further negative pressure is generated around the annular space, The suction force effectively acts on the smoke discharged from the swirling flow generating cylinder.

Further, since the swirling flow generating cylinder is substantially surrounded by the dust separating cylinder, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the temperature of the exhaust gas swirling the swirling flow generating cylinder. Therefore, the combustion efficiency in the same portion can be remarkably improved, and a favorable smoke eliminating effect can be obtained.

[0017]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower smoke exhaust tube, a lower end of which has a flange 1a for connection to a smoke exhaust system such as an incinerator or a heat generating engine, and an upper end thereof has a swirling flow generating cylinder 2 at the upper end. Are provided integrally. The swirling flow generating cylinder 2 is disposed at the center with an annular space 3 formed by a funnel-shaped enlarged portion 2a continuous with the lower smoke exhaust cylinder 1 and an inverted funnel-shaped guide cylinder 2b formed at the upper part. And a plurality of inclined guide vanes 5 interposed between the inner cylinder 4 and the swirl flow generating cylinder 2 to impart a swirl flow to the smoke exhaust. The upper end of the inner cylinder 4 is disposed so as to protrude from the swirl flow generating cylinder 2. In addition, the inner cylinder 4 may be configured to have a hollow inside, or may be configured to be empty. Above the swirling flow generating cylinder 2, an upper flue gas cylinder 6 is arranged. An upper end of the upper smoke exhaust tube 6 is integrally provided with a flange 6a for connection to a smoke exhaust system such as an incinerator or a heat generating engine, and a lower end 6b is integrally provided with a cover 7 having an inverted funnel-shaped guide tube. Is provided. In the cover 7, an annular space 8 is formed between the lower end 6b of the upper smoke exhaust tube 6 and the inverted funnel-shaped guide tube, and an annular space 9 is formed between the cover 7 and the guide tube 2b. Are arranged as follows.

Desired portions of the lower smoke exhaust tube 1, the swirl flow generating tube 2, and the upper smoke exhaust tube 6 are substantially surrounded by a dust separating tube 10 in a hermetically sealed state. The dust separating tube 10 is disposed so as to be eccentric to one side with respect to the center of the lower smoke exhaust tube 1, the swirling flow generating tube 2, and the upper smoke exhaust tube 6, and an inclined portion with respect to a horizontal plane is provided below a portion having a large eccentric amount. Angle θ ₁ is 5
A small-diameter guide cylinder 11 is provided via an inclined surface 10b of 0 ° or more, preferably about 60 °, and a dust discharge port 12 is provided below the guide cylinder 11. The inclination angle theta ₂ of approximately 18 degrees is given with respect to a vertical plane in the guide cylinder 12. In addition, a window 13 for inspection is formed in a desired portion on the upper part of the dust separating cylinder 10, and is always closed by a lid 14.

The upper smoke exhaust tube 6 and the dust separating tube 10 are connected by an exhaust pipe 16. The inlet 16a below the exhaust pipe 16 is eccentric and has an upper surface 1 of the dust separation cylinder 10 having a large area.
0a, and is disposed in the vicinity of the annular space 15, and the discharge port 16b is disposed so as to pass through the side surface of the upper smoke discharge tube 6 and to face upward at the center. Further, a dust box 17 is hermetically connected to the dust discharge port 12 of the dust separation tube 10 using, for example, respective flanges.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. First, this smoke exhaust dust removal device is installed in a smoke exhaust system such as an incinerator and a heat generating engine at a position about 1 m above the ground. In addition, in the case of the existing, it is usually installed on the top of a smoke exhaust system (for example, a chimney).
Smoke including fire powder, combustion debris, and the like that has risen in the lower smoke exhaust tube 1 enters the swirl flow generating tube 2 through the annular space 3, and passes through the inclined guide vanes 5 to be provided with a swirl flow. Then, the fire powder or the combustion debris having a large specific gravity is brought outward by centrifugal force, rises while turning along the inner surface of the generating cylinder 2, and reaches the guide cylinder 2b. Since the diameter of the guide cylinder 2b decreases in the upward funnel shape as it goes upward, the swirling speed of the smoke is accelerated. For this reason, smoke including fire powder and combustion debris that has risen along the inner surfaces of the swirling flow generating cylinder 2 and the guide cylinder 2 b is moved outward from the annular gap 9 by negative pressure and centrifugal force acting on the annular space 15. The dust is blown off and drawn into the annular space 15 of the dust separation tube 10. And
When the dust is swirled inside the dust separating tube 10 and eventually loses the turning force, dust having a high specific gravity, such as fire powder or combustion debris, falls naturally in the dust separating tube 10, and the dust dropped on the inclined surface 10 b is removed from the inclined surface 10 b. Is accumulated in the dust box 17.

On the other hand, some of the sparks and combustion debris blown off by the centrifugal force rise as a swirling flow above the swirling flow generating tube 2, but are blocked by the lower end 6 b of the upper smoke exhaust tube 6. While turning in the downward annular groove 8 as shown by the arrow in the figure, the dust is sucked into the dust separating cylinder 10 through the annular space 15 and falls. These soot and dust are collected in the dust box 17
Will be integrated.

Further, the dust separating cylinder 10 is
Smoke exhausted to is separated into dust in the separation cylinder 10 and purified. The purified smoke is sucked through the inlet 16a of the exhaust pipe 16 and is discharged from the outlet 16b into the upper smoke exhaust tube 6. In particular, this exhaust pipe 16
Since the outlet 16b is provided concentrically with the upper smoke exhaust tube 6 with the opening thereof facing upward, a central negative pressure acts on the inside due to the smoke exhaust flowing upward around the periphery. It will be. Therefore, a larger negative pressure also acts inside the dust separation cylinder 10 to which the exhaust pipe 16 communicates, and the annular space 15
Therefore, dust such as fire powder and combustion debris is more effectively sucked into the dust separating cylinder 10.

According to this device, a swirl flow is generated in the swirl flow generating cylinder by utilizing the ascending air flow of the flue gas itself, and dust such as fire powder and combustion debris is removed by the centrifugal force. In order to use the natural law of the air flow, such as guiding the dust to the dust separation cylinder provided around and separating it, and discharging the purified smoke into the upper smoke exhaust using the central negative pressure,
No power is required. Therefore, without failure
In addition to the ease of maintenance, effects such as a prolonged life can be obtained.

The inclined surface 10b of the dust separating cylinder 10
The inclination angle theta ₁ is 50 degrees or more with respect to the horizontal plane, for example, is set at approximately 60 degrees, dust separated from the flue gas, dust falling on the inclined surface 10b, will be accumulated on the inclined surface 10b Also slip down smoothly and reliably. Therefore, dust and the like are efficiently accumulated in the dust box 17. However, the inclination angle θ ₁ is desirably 50 degrees or more, but if it exceeds 65 degrees, the length of the dust separation tube 10 becomes unusually long, which is not preferable because the apparatus becomes large. On the other hand, when the angle is less than 50 degrees, dust and the like are extremely unlikely to slide down, and the accumulation state in the dust box 17 is deteriorated, so that it cannot be put to practical use. Note that the most preferable inclination angle θ ₁ is approximately 60 degrees.

The dust separating tube 10 is disposed so as to be eccentric to one of the lower smoke discharging tube 1 and the upper smoke discharging tube 6, and the exhaust pipe 16 is led out from the side having the larger eccentric amount. In addition, the exhaust pipe 16 can be easily arranged on the dust separating cylinder 10, and in addition to the action of the exhaust pipe 16, a further negative pressure is generated around the annular space 15, and The suction force acts effectively on the exhaust gas.

Further, the swirling flow generating cylinder 2 is a dust separating cylinder 1
Because it is covered by 0 and is configured in a double structure,
The temperature of the flue gas can be maintained at, for example, about 650 ° C. For this reason, the secondary combustion can be effectively performed inside the lower smoke exhaust tube 1 and the swirl flow generating tube 2. Therefore, an excellent smoke eliminating effect that the color of the smoke exhaust can be made colorless can be obtained. It should be noted that this smoke eliminating effect cannot be expected at all with a dust collector (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-17525) in which a swirling flow generating cylinder and a dust separating cylinder proposed by the present applicant are separately provided. .

In particular, when the apparatus of the present invention is installed on the top of an existing flue gas system (for example, a chimney), even if dust deposited on the inner surface of the chimney separates and rises due to the rising airflow of the flue gas, Since the swirling flow is given by the swirling flow generating tube 2 and blown off into the dust separating tube 10 by centrifugal force and is sucked by the negative pressure, such dust is not discharged to the outside from the chimney. This is desirable from the viewpoint of preventing contamination.

The present inventors installed this apparatus at a position 1 m away from the exhaust port of an incinerator and examined the dust collection effect and dust removal effect of dust and the like. We were able to. Also, all the dust separated by the dust separating cylinder could be accumulated in the dust box. Furthermore, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the swirling flow generating cylinder is approximately 650 ° C.
, And the smoke emitted from the upper smoke stack was extinguished. Furthermore, when this apparatus was installed on the top of the smoke outlet of a boiler, the same effect as the above-described incinerator was obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, one dust box may be provided below the dust separating cylinder, and a plurality of
It can also be provided via a plurality of inclined surfaces of 0 degree or more.
The shape of the inclined guide vanes in the swirl flow generating cylinder is not limited at all, as long as the swirl flow is generated in the exhaust gas.
Further, a heat insulating material can be provided on the outer surface of the smoke exhaust tube exposed from the dust separating tube.

[0030]

As is evident from the foregoing description, according to the present invention, the inclined surface of the dust separating cylinder in order to tilt the angle theta ₁ with respect to the horizontal plane is set to 50 degrees or more, dust separated from the flue gas, etc. Will fall smoothly and surely even if it falls on the inclined surface and accumulates. Therefore, dust and the like are efficiently accumulated in the dust box.

Further, since the exhaust pipe is derived from a portion where the eccentricity of the dust separating cylinder with respect to the smoke exhaust cylinder is large, it is easy to arrange the exhaust pipe, and a large negative pressure is generated around the swirling flow generating cylinder. Can be generated. Therefore, the exhaust gas can be efficiently sucked into the dust separating cylinder.

In particular, since the dust bunker is provided below a portion of the dust separating cylinder having a large eccentricity with respect to the smoke exhaust cylinder, dust and the like separated by the dust separating cylinder can be effectively collected.

Furthermore, since the swirling flow generating cylinder is covered with the dust separating cylinder and has a double structure, the temperature of the flue gas can be maintained at, for example, about 650.degree. For this reason, the secondary combustion can be effectively performed inside the lower smoke exhaust tube and the swirl flow generating tube. Therefore, an excellent smoke eliminating effect that the color of the smoke exhaust can be made colorless can be obtained.

In particular, when the apparatus of the present invention is installed on the top of an existing flue gas system, even if dust deposited on the inner surface of the chimney separates and rises due to the upward flow of flue gas, a swirling flow is generated. Since the swirling flow is given by the cylinder and blown into the dust separation cylinder by the centrifugal force and sucked by the negative pressure, such dust is not discharged from the chimney to the outside, and the viewpoint of preventing environmental pollution. Is desirable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention,
(B) is a plan view of (a).

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower smoke stack 2 Swirling flow generating cylinder 2a Enlarged section 2b Guide cylinder 3, 9, 15 Annular space 4 Inner cylinder 5 Inclined guide vane 6 Upper smoke stack 6b Lower end 8 Annular groove 10 Dust separation cylinder 10a Upper surface 10b Slope 12 Dust Outlet 16 Exhaust pipe 16a Inlet 16b Outlet 17 Dust box

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lower flue gas cylinder, a swirl flow generating cylinder continuous with the upper end of the lower smoke flue cylinder, an upper smoke flare disposed above the swirl flow generating cylinder via a predetermined space, and at least a swirl flow generating cylinder. A dust separation cylinder straddling the upper smoke stack and enclosing and bending each in a hermetically closed manner, and having a dust discharge port reduced in diameter at the bottom through an inclined surface, a dust separation cylinder and an upper smoke stack An exhaust pipe that communicates with a dust box that is detachably attached to a dust outlet of the dust separation tube is provided, and the dust separation tube is disposed so as to be eccentric to one of the lower smoke exhaust tube and the upper smoke exhaust tube. with flue gas dust removing apparatus characterized by setting the inclination angle theta ₁ with respect to the horizontal plane of the inclined surface of the dust separating cylinder than 50 degrees. 2. The dust separating cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the dust separating cylinder is disposed so as to be eccentric with respect to one of the lower smoke stack and the upper smoke stack, and an exhaust pipe is led out from a side having a large eccentric amount. Flue gas dedusting equipment. 3. The dust separating cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the dust separating cylinder is arranged so as to be eccentric to one of the lower smoke stack and the upper smoke stack, and a dust box is arranged below a side having a large eccentric amount. The flue gas dedusting device as described. 4. A lower flue gas stack, a swirl flow generating cylinder continuous with the upper end of the lower smoke flue, an upper smoke flare disposed above the swirl flow generating cylinder via a predetermined space, and a swirl flow generating cylinder. A dust separation cylinder that straddles the lower smoke stack and the upper smoke stack in a hermetically sealed manner, and has a dust discharge port with a reduced diameter at the bottom through an inclined surface; An exhaust pipe communicating with the smoke exhaust tube, and a dust box detachably attached to the dust outlet of the dust separating tube are provided, and the dust separating tube is eccentric to one of the lower smoke exhaust tube and the upper smoke exhaust tube. By arranging the exhaust pipe from the side with the larger eccentricity and arranging the exhaust pipe in a double structure with the dust separation cylinder, the heat retention of the swirl flow generation cylinder part is improved. Characteristic smoke and dust removal equipment. 5. The flue gas dust removing device according to claim 4, wherein the dust separating tube and / or the lower smoke exhaust tube are covered with a heat insulating material.