JP2749950B2 - Continuous unloader equipped with an attached bulk removal device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an unloader equipped with a debris removal device suitable for discharging various bulk materials, for example, iron ore, coal, fine ore, etc. from a ship. It is about.

<Conventional Technology> Grab bucket type unloaders have long been used for unloading bulk materials. The grab bucket method mainly performs batch processing, and since it is not possible to insert a grab bucket into the inner wall corner of the hold, it is necessary to scrape to the center of the hold, resulting in poor work efficiency.

In addition, the size and weight of the grab bucket increase with the increase in the size of the ship, and the impact given to the ship during use increases. There is a problem in that loose materials are easily spilled from the grab bucket during the transportation process, and a large amount of dust is generated when the loose materials are discharged from the bucket.

On the other hand, the continuous unloader is different from the grab bucket method described above, and is not only relatively easy to increase the capacity, but also has an advantage in terms of construction cost as the size increases, as compared to the grab bucket method. It is widely used because it has the advantage that it is easy to enclose the surroundings and that it is possible to minimize the occurrence of pollution due to dust.

As a continuous unloader, for example, JP-A-57-195043
And JP-A-61-226421 disclose a horizontal boom and a vertical arm cylinder provided at the tip of the horizontal boom, each of which has a conveyor inside. Each of these means achieves continuous unloading of bulk materials such as iron ore and coal in the hold, thereby improving the unloading efficiency. In the continuous unloader described above, a means for scraping (or scraping) loose objects is provided at the entrance end of the vertical arm cylinder to realize continuous unloading.

However, the continuous unloader disclosed in the above-mentioned publication has scraping means at the entrance end of the vertical guide cylinder, but cannot remove loose substances adhering to the inner wall portion. Stop loading and unloading, and the worker enters the hold and manually removes loose material from the inner wall using a spatula-shaped plate attached to the tip of a bamboo rod, or removes loose material from the hold. At the stage where the volume level of the bulk material in the process of unloading decreases, high-pressure water is sprayed onto the bulk material at the corners of the inner wall to separate it, and the bulk material is discharged from the hold to the land by an unloader.

Using a spatula-shaped plate to remove the adhered bulk on the inner wall is a human naval tactic, requiring a large number of humans, and can only be removed within the reach of the spatula, resulting in poor workability and inefficiency. Not only is it dangerous to work. In addition, the means for spraying high-pressure water to remove the adhered bulk material and removing the same can only be removed in a range where high-pressure water can reach, so that there is naturally a limitation in workability.

For this reason, although it is a continuous unloader, the unloading work tends to be intermittent, and the unloading work is temporarily stopped, and the operator has to enter the hold in the hold and perform the work as described above, which makes the unloading work inefficient. I was doing it.

By the way, as a means for removing adhered loose substances remaining on the inner wall in the hold, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-309856 discloses that a self-propelled vehicle such as a bulldozer equipped with a fluid injection nozzle is loaded into the hold, and The water in the water storage tank mounted on the tank is supplied to the fluid ejection nozzle attached to the telescopic and swivelable arm device via a pump unit and hose, and adheres to the inner wall of the hold by high-pressure water ejected from the fluid ejection nozzle. A device that removes adhered bulk material has been proposed.

<Problem to be Solved by the Invention> When a vehicle equipped with the fluid ejection nozzle is used to remove loose deposits in a hold, water ejected from a fluid ejection nozzle provided at the tip of a mechanical arm is used. Can reach only a limited area in the vertical direction of the inner wall. For this reason, when changing the removal site, the vehicle position and the arm elevation angle must be changed, resulting in a decrease in work efficiency.

In addition, the length of the arm is limited in view of the stability of the vehicle, and there is a danger if the bulk material adhered to the inner wall of the hold is peeled off from top to bottom at once. Therefore, in order to remove loose materials from the upper part of the inner wall, it is necessary to carry out the removal work by carrying the vehicle onto the loose materials while the bulk material is being unloaded from the hold, for example, at the unloading progress rate of 60 to 70%. , It has to be troublesome twice.

By the way, it is necessary to replenish water in the water storage tank in order to continuously remove the attached bulk material in the hold by a vehicle having a fluid injection nozzle. Although the device proposed in the above-mentioned publication is also devised such as replenishing water from a water source to a water storage tank through a hose of a take-up / rewind reel device mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle in the hold is When the moving distance becomes long, it is necessary to work a water supply hose crawling on the bulk material in the hold, which is troublesome. In addition, it is necessary for a worker to enter a hold having a poor working environment and drive the vehicle, which is not preferable in terms of safety and health.

Although the water storage tank can be of a batch type, it is necessary to separate the water tank from the vehicle and put the water tank in and out of the ship every time water is supplied to the water storage tank, and the unloading operation by the unloader must be interrupted each time. In addition, when the vehicle is hatched from the hold to the hold, or when the vehicle is moved in and out of the hold to refuel the vehicle, it is necessary to stop the unloading operation, which lowers the efficiency of the unloading operation.

Furthermore, depending on the number of vessels entering the ship, a large number of expensive self-propelled vehicles must be owned, which requires a large investment and maintenance. It is not impossible to carry out the cargo handling work by the unloader for improving the work efficiency and the attached matter removing work by the self-propelled vehicle in parallel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an unloader provided with an adhering substance removing apparatus suitable for solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and performing an adhering substance removing operation on the inner wall of the hold at the same time as an unloader carrying out bulk goods from the hold. Is to do.

<Means for Solving the Problems> To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a horizontal boom which is attached to a swivel base, and which can be extended, retracted, and raised and lowered, and which is pivotally attached to a tip portion of the horizontal boom to extend, retract, and swing. A continuous arm unloader having a bulk transport conveyor between the horizontal boom and the vertical arm cylinder, and rotatable along the outer periphery of the vertical arm cylinder in the middle of the vertical arm cylinder. A gantry is provided, and a television camera for monitoring the attached bulk material remaining on the inner wall of the hold and a high-pressure water injection device for peeling off the bulk material and enabling a continuous unloading work are provided on the gantry. A continuous unloader provided with an attached bulk material removing device, characterized in that:

<Example> Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in detail based on an example.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a traveling body on a ground rail 4, and a horizontal boom 8 having a telescopically expandable and contractible structure is attached to a swivel 6 provided on the traveling body 2. The horizontal boom 8 is configured to be raised and lowered by a winch (not shown) on the swivel 6 and a wire rope 10. Further, a vertical arm cylinder 14 is pivotally connected to the distal end of the horizontal boom 8 by a pin 12, and a driving cylinder 16 connected between a bracket on the horizontal boom 8 side and a bracket on the vertical arm cylinder 14 side moves the vertical boom 8 with respect to the horizontal boom 8. The vertical arm cylinder 14 is configured to swing.

The vertical arm cylinder has a telescopic telescopic structure. The telescopic operation is performed by a driving cylinder 16 ′. A bucket chain conveyor (not shown) extends between the horizontal boom 8 and the vertical arm cylinder 14. ), And a bucket conveyor 18 for scraping loose materials is attached to the lower part of the vertical arm cylinder 14.

Although the above-described configuration is not particularly different from a normal continuous unloader, in the present invention, the gantry 20a, 20b rotatable along the outer periphery of the vertical arm cylinder is provided in the middle of the rigid arm vertical arm cylinder 14. , TV camera 2 on the upper base 20b
2, and a high-pressure water injection device 24 is provided on the lower frame 20a. A water storage tank 26 and a high-pressure water pumping unit (not shown) are disposed on the swivel 6. Water in the water storage tank 26 is supplied to the horizontal boom 8 and the supply pipe extending into the vertical arm cylinder 14. And high pressure water injection device via hose
24 to be supplied.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed structure of a gantry 20a portion on which the high-pressure water injection device 24 is disposed. A rack 28 is provided in the circumferential direction of the vertical arm cylinder 14, and the upper surface of the rack 28 serves as a seat for the gantry 20a. When the rack 28 is slidably supported and the pinion 30 is rotated forward or backward by the rotation driving device 32 provided in the gantry 20a, the gantry 20a is rotated right or left by the engagement of the pinion 30 and the rack 28. I do.

As described above, the high pressure water injection device 24 is mounted on the gantry 20a so as to be able to descend via the pin 24a, and the high pressure water injection device is combined with the rotation operation of the gantry 20a and the elevation operation of the high pressure water injection device 24. The 24 spray nozzles 24b can be directed in any direction of the remaining attached bulk material 46a in the hold. In addition, the injection nozzle 24b of the high-pressure water injection device 24 has a telescopically expandable and contractable structure in order to improve workability.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 34 denotes a hose storage chamber provided on the gantry 20a. A hose 36 extending from the water storage tank 26 is hung down along the inner wall of the vertical arm cylinder 14 and connected to the hose 36 of the storage chamber 34. ing. Hose 36 due to rotation of gantry 20a
Is moved in the storage chamber 34. This movement is configured such that the hose 36 is wound around the vertical arm cylinder 14 and wound or unwound in the hose storage chamber 34.

In a state where the hose 36 is loosened by unwinding, the hose 36 leans toward the outer wall side of the storage chamber 34 as shown by a solid line in FIG.
Close to the inner wall side of 14. As the gantry 20a rotates counterclockwise or counterclockwise, the hose 36 is wound or unwound on the vertical arm tube 14, and the high-pressure water injection device 24 on the gantry 20a
Can be oriented horizontally over a 360 ° angle. Reference numeral 38 denotes a bucket chain conveyor that is internal to the vertical arm cylinder 14.

FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the television camera 22 on the gantry 20b.
The rack 20 'is supported by the upper surface of the rack 28' as a seat for the frame 20b so as to be slidable and rotatable. In addition, stand 2
The mechanism for rotating the pinion gear meshing with the rack 28 'by means of the rotary driving device built in 0b is the same as that shown in FIG. The cable 40 to the television camera 22 has a mechanism for absorbing a change in the length of the cable 40 during rotation of the gantry 20b by a cable winding device 42 provided in the gantry 20b.

In FIG. 1, a driving cylinder 16 'mounted on the vertical arm cylinder 14 telescopically extends and contracts the vertical arm 14 in order to follow the accumulation level of the bulk material 46 accumulated in the hold 44. A high-pressure water injection device 24 is applied to the portion of the bulk material remaining on the inner wall using the cylinder 16 '.
Can be aligned.

Further, a rod-shaped contact detection terminal is provided on the outer periphery of the vertical arm cylinder 14.
When the vertical arm cylinder 14 moves, the contact detection terminal 4 is provided before colliding with the hatch 44a or the like of the hold 44.
8 is brought into contact, thereby preventing the vertical arm cylinder 14 from being damaged by collision.

As described above, the rod-shaped contact detection terminal 48 detects the contact of this portion with a hatch or the like by electrical or contact pressure. By providing such a contact detection sensor, the vertical arm cylinder 14 Can be brought as close as possible to the corrugated structure 50, which is the inner wall structure in the hold, without breaking the cargo, and the efficiency of removing the attached bulk material 46a can be improved.

In addition, the wall surface of the hold 44 has a corrugated structure or exposed ship aggregates.
Remains as 46a. In particular, what remains in the concave portion of the corrugated structure 50 is in a fixed state, and it is difficult to easily peel it off.However, the present invention efficiently uses the high-pressure water injection device 24 at any time during the unloading operation by the continuous unloader. The adhered bulk material is removed by jetting high-pressure water.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. The traveling operation of the traveling body 2, the turning operation of the swivel base 6, the extension / retraction operation of the horizontal boom 8, and the swinging and extension / retraction operations of the vertical arm cylinder 14 are appropriately combined to hold the cargo hold 44. It is usual to transport and unload the bulk material 46 deposited in the vertical arm cylinder 14 and the bucket chain conveyor 138 inside the horizontal arm while scraping it by the bucket conveyor 18 provided at the lower part of the vertical arm cylinder 14. It is.

In the present invention, when the unloading of the bulk material 46 as a raw material from the hold 44 progresses by the operation of the horizontal boom 8 and the vertical arm cylinder 14 as described above, and the bulk 46 approaches the bottom of the bulk 46 in the hold 44, , A stand that rotates along the vertical arm tube 14
The TV camera 22 is directed toward the corrugated structure 50 of the hold 44 while adjusting the rotation position of the TV camera 20b and the elevation angle of the TV camera 22 on the gantry 20b. In the unloader cab (or a dedicated monitoring room may be provided in the vicinity of the vertical arm cylinder), the operator removes the adhered bulk material 46a remaining in the corrugated structure 50 of the hold 44 caught by the television camera 22 for industrial use. While monitoring on the television (ITV), determine if removal is necessary.

Thus, when the operator determines that it is necessary to remove the attached bulk material 46a, the vertical arm cylinder 14 is initially set to the working state so that the high-pressure water injection device 24 can jet high-pressure water. That is, the turning angle and the undulating angle of the horizontal boom 8, the swing angle of the vertical arm cylinder 14 with respect to the inner wall surface of the hold 44,
The rotation angle of a, and the injection nozzle 24b of the high-pressure water injection device 24
The sequencer reads the conditions such as the distance between the ship and the inner wall surface in the ship width direction and the ship longitudinal direction, and performs initial setting so that the vertical arm cylinder 14 is safely controlled without contacting the hatch 44a or the like.

Thus, for example, the traveling body 2 is caused to travel in the longitudinal direction of the ship to excavate the bulk material 46 from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction of the hold 44 and to gradually move the bulk material 46 in the width direction of the ship.
While unloading, the operator positions the injection nozzle 24b toward the attached loose material 46a remaining in the corrugated structure 50. At this time, the horizontal position of the injection nozzle 24b is displaced by the fine movement of the vertical arm cylinder 14 while excavating the bulk 46, but the gantry 20a rotates following the control sequencer and the vertical arm cylinder 14 expands and contracts as appropriate. Loose materials
It is controlled to face in the direction of 46a. The operator also controls the swing angle and the like of the vertical arm cylinder 14 while monitoring the ITV as needed to adjust the attached bulk material 46a.

While unloading the bulk material by the unloader by the series of operations described above, the bulk material 46a is roughly washed and separated by the high-pressure water (150 to 250 kg / cm ² ) sprayed from the spray nozzle of the high-pressure water spray device 24. Remove (coarse removal)
It is possible. However, what has firmly adhered to the corner portion of the corrugated structure 50 may not be able to be removed in multiple sentences only by a certain operation using the control sequencer. In such a case, release the sequencer control and
By adjusting the rotation of 20a and the elevation angle of the high-pressure water injection device 24 to adjust the injection nozzle 24a in the vertical and horizontal directions, the adhered bulk 46a is thoroughly washed with the injected high-pressure water to finish off. Note that the distance between the injection nozzle 24b and the inner wall surface is 2m ±
1m, 1m ± 0.5m is suitable for finishing drop.

During the operation described above, the vertical arm cylinder 14, the gantry 20a, etc.
A contact prevention sensor is installed so that it does not come into contact with obstacles such as 4a.When the contact detection terminal 48 comes into contact with an obstacle, the contact prevention sensor operates and the alarm and indicator light turn on, so the unloader unloading work Stop all operations at once to improve safety.

In the above-described embodiment, the frames 20a and 20b are provided in the middle of the vertical arm cylinder 14, and the high-pressure water injection device 24 is mounted on the frame 20a.
Although the case where the television camera 22 is provided on the gantry 20b has been described, the high-pressure water injection device 24 and the television camera 22 may be provided on one gantry. Further, the rotating structure of the gantry 20a and 20b or the structure of the winding device for the hose 36 and the cable 40 is not limited to those described in the above embodiment, and appropriate means can be adopted.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, while unloading bulk materials in the hold, the bulk materials remaining on the inner wall surface of the hold are monitored remotely, and high-pressure water injection is performed at appropriate timing. Since the deposits can be removed by operating the apparatus, labor saving and improvement in the operation rate of the unloader are achieved. In addition, since there is no person in the hold, there is an effect that the bulk material adhering to the inner wall surface of the hold can be removed at once from the top to the bottom in the final stage of unloading.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a continuous unloader according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a gantry structure for a high-pressure water injection device according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the gantry structure for television cameras. 2 ... traveling body, 4 ... ground rail, 6 ... turntable, 8 ... horizontal boom, 10 ... wire rope, 12 ... pin, 14 ... vertical arm cylinder, 16 ... drive cylinder, 18 ... … Bucket conveyor, 20… rotatable frame, 22… television camera, 24… high-pressure water injection device, 26… water storage tank, 28… rack, 30… pinion, 32… rotary drive device, 34 …… Hose storage room, 36 …… Hose, 38 …… bucket chain conveyor, 40 …… Cable, 42 …… Cable winding device, 44 …… Holder, 46 …… Loose objects, 48 …… Contact detection terminal, 50 ... Corrugated structure.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A horizontal boom which is attached to a swivel base and is operated to extend and retract, and is operated to extend and retract, and is pivotally attached to an end of the horizontal boom to extend and retract.
In a continuous unloader having a vertical arm cylinder that is oscillated and having a bulk transport conveyor between the horizontal boom and the vertical arm cylinder, in the middle of the vertical arm cylinder, along the outer periphery of the vertical arm cylinder A rotatable base, a television camera for monitoring the attached bulk material remaining on the inner wall of the hold on the base, and a high-pressure water injection device capable of peeling the bulk material and allowing a continuous unloading operation. A continuous unloader provided with an attached bulk removing device, characterized by comprising: