JP2747006B2 - Laser processing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a laser beam machine.

(Prior art) A laser processing machine has a laser beam nozzle,
In general, at the same time as irradiating a laser beam to a workpiece from a nozzle hole of a laser beam nozzle, an assist gas is jetted from the nozzle hole or the nozzle hole of the side nozzle to the workpiece so that efficient laser processing is efficiently performed. It has become.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventionally, the assist gas ejected from the nozzle hole of the laser beam nozzle is generally ejected uniformly to the workpiece over the entire circumferential direction of the nozzle hole. For example, in order to reduce dross in laser cutting, a larger amount of assist gas is required in the region in front of the cutting direction than in other regions, and the assist gas is uniformly distributed over the entire region around the laser processing portion. No need to be given.

Therefore, as described above, when the assist gas is uniformly ejected from the nozzle hole of the laser beam nozzle to the workpiece over the entire circumferential direction of the nozzle hole, a large amount of the assist gas reaches a region where the assist gas is not required. And the wasteful consumption of assist gas increases.

[Configuration of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) As described above, in order to solve the conventional problems, in the present invention, a work table for supporting a workpiece is provided, and the work table is provided on the work table. A work clamp for clamping an object is provided so as to be movable in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by driving the X-axis motor and the Y-axis motor.
An X-axis movement amount detector for detecting the movement amount in the axial direction is provided, and a Y-axis for detecting the movement amount in the Y-axis direction of the work clamp.
An axis movement amount detector is provided, and a laser processing head that irradiates a laser beam to the workpiece and ejects an assist gas at a position above the work table is provided.The laser processing head includes a processing head body and a laser processing head. A laser beam nozzle provided at the tip of the processing head body and having a nozzle hole is provided, and a rotation motor for rotating the laser beam nozzle around the irradiation optical axis of the laser processing head is provided. In order to allow a large amount of assist gas to flow toward the axis perpendicular to the virtual plane inclined with respect to the virtual plane, the opening edge forming the nozzle hole is configured to extend along the virtual plane, and The detection value by the X-axis movement amount detector and the Y-axis movement amount detection so that more assist gas flows in the front side in the cutting direction than in the rear side in the cutting direction. Based on the value detected by characterized by comprising providing a drive control device for controlling the drive of the rotary motor.

(Operation) With the configuration described above, the work clamp is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by driving the X-axis motor and the Y-axis motor while the end of the workpiece is clamped by the work clamp. As a result, the predetermined portion of the portion to be processed is positioned vertically below (directly below) the laser nozzle of the laser processing head. By irradiating a laser beam from a nozzle hole of the laser nozzle and ejecting an assist gas, piercing is performed on a predetermined portion of the workpiece to form a piercing (small hole) in the workpiece.

After piercing is completed, the workpiece clamp is moved in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction according to the cut part of the workpiece while irradiating the laser beam from the nozzle hole of the laser beam and injecting the assist gas. Let it. by this,
Laser cutting can be performed on the cut portion of the workpiece to form a cutting slit in the workpiece.

At this time, based on the X-axis movement amount of the work clamp detected by the X-axis movement amount detector and the Y-axis movement amount of the work clamp detected by the Y-axis movement amount detector, By controlling the driving of the rotary motor, a large amount of assist gas can flow to the front side in the cutting direction of the workpiece.

Note that when laser cutting is performed from the end face side of the workpiece, the piercing is not necessary.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a suitable laser processing apparatus incorporating a laser beam nozzle device according to the present invention. Third
In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes an entire laser processing machine. The laser processing machine 1 includes a device main body 7 having a laser beam generator 3, a control device 5, and the like, and a horizontal work table connected to the device main body 7. And an upper horizontal arm 11 extending from the apparatus main body 7 and extending horizontally above the work table 9.
A laser processing head 13 attached to the tip of the upper horizontal arm 11; and a work clamp 15 for supporting the workpiece and moving the workpiece on the work table 9.

At the tip of the laser processing head 13, a laser beam nozzle 17 according to the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 is provided.

The laser beam nozzle 17 has a relatively large-diameter cylindrical mounting base portion 19 and a relatively small-diameter cylindrical nozzle portion 21, and is attached to the processing head body of the laser processing head 13 at the mounting base portion 19. The nozzle support hole 23 is provided so as to be rotatable about its own central axis, and the flange 25 provided at the end of the mounting base 19 is pressed by the flange retainer 27 and assembled with the laser processing head 13. It is attached.

The nozzle portion 21 has a nozzle hole 31 constituted by an opening edge 29 at the front end, that is, at the lower end in the figure.
From 31, a laser beam is applied to the processing surface of the workpiece W with an irradiation optical axis A that is vertical (vertical) in the figure, that is, perpendicular to the work table 9. The processing surface of the workpiece W on the work table 9 extends horizontally in the drawing, and the processing surface and the irradiation optical axis A of the laser beam nozzle are in a relationship orthogonal to each other.

In addition, the nozzle hole 31 is configured to blow out an assist gas such as oxygen gas to the processing surface of the workpiece W.
Incidentally, an O-ring R is attached to the nozzle support hole 23 in order to prevent leakage of the assist gas.

The opening edge portion 29 constituting the nozzle hole 31 extends along a virtual plane S inclined with respect to the irradiation optical axis A, whereby the nozzle hole 31 has a so-called inclined cut.

As described above, since the opening edge 29 is inclined,
The assist gas ejected from the nozzle hole 31 to the processing surface of the workpiece W is deviated toward the axis F orthogonal to the virtual plane S when viewed in the circumferential direction of the opening edge 29, and flows more to this side. become.

Therefore, if the rotational position of the laser beam nozzle 17 is controlled so that the axis F is on the cutting direction advancing side, a large amount of assist gas always flows on the cutting direction advancing side.

A driven pulley 33 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the mounting base 19. A rotary servomotor 37 is attached to a processing head body of the laser processing head 13 by a bracket 35, and a drive pulley 41 is mounted on an output shaft 39 of the rotary servomotor 37.
Is installed. An endless timing belt 43 is provided between the driving pulley 41 and the pulley 33 of the laser beam nozzle 17.
Has been passed.

As a result, the laser beam nozzle 17 is driven to rotate around its own central axis by the rotary servomotor 37.

FIG. 2 shows a control system of the rotary servomotor 37 for driving the nozzle. The work clamp 15 is driven in the X-axis direction by an X-axis servo motor 51, and the Y-axis servo motor
Driven in the Y-axis direction by 53, the workpiece W being clamped is moved to an arbitrary direction position with respect to the laser beam nozzle 17.

X-axis tachometer generator for X-axis servo motor 51
The Y-axis servo motor 53 is connected to a Y-axis tachometer generator 57. The X-axis tachometer generator 55 generates an X-axis tachometer voltage Vx corresponding to the amount of movement of the workpiece W in the X-axis direction by the work clamp 15, and the Y-axis tachometer generator 57
A tachometer voltage Vy in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the amount of movement of the workpiece W in the Y-axis direction by the step 15 is generated.

The two tachometer voltages Vx and Vy are input to the drive control device 59 of the rotary servomotor 37. The drive controller 59 uses the X-axis direction tachometer voltage Vx and the Y-axis direction tachometer voltage Vy to calculate the rotation angle θ of the workpiece W by the work clamp 15 with respect to the laser beam nozzle 17 by the following equation.
Is obtained.

θ = tan ⁻¹ (Vy / Vx) The drive control device 59 has a pulse signal generation unit 63 that converts an analog signal related to the rotation angle θ from the rotation angle calculation unit 61 into a pulse signal.

The pulse signal generating means 63 outputs a pulse signal determined according to the rotation angle θ to the rotary servomotor 37 as a servo signal.

With the above configuration, the laser beam nozzle 17 rotates around its own central axis in accordance with the rotation angle θ of the workpiece W clamped to the work clamp 15 by the rotary servomotor 37 with respect to the laser beam nozzle 17. become.

Thereby, the drift direction of the assist gas from the nozzle hole 31 of the laser beam nozzle 17 is maintained in a predetermined relationship with respect to the laser processing progress direction, and the assist gas always flows more in the cutting progress direction front side. Become.

The configuration of the invention of this embodiment is summarized as follows.

That is, a work table 9 for supporting the work W is provided, and a work clamp 15 for clamping the work W is mounted on the work table 9 by driving the X-axis servo motor 51 and the Y-axis servo motor 53 in the X-axis direction and Y-direction. An X-axis tachometer generator 55 is provided movably in the axial direction and detects the amount of movement of the work clamp 15, and a Y-axis tachometer generator 55 is provided to detect the amount of movement of the work clamp 15 in the Y-axis direction. A laser processing head 13 for irradiating the workpiece W with a laser beam and ejecting an assist gas is provided at a position above the table 9. The laser processing head 13 includes a processing head main body and a tip end of the processing head main body. And a laser beam nozzle 17 having a nozzle hole 31. The laser beam nozzle 17 is connected to the irradiation optical axis A of the laser processing head 13. The above-mentioned nozzle hole 31 is formed in order to provide a rotary servomotor 37 for rotating as a center and to allow a large amount of assist gas to flow toward an axis perpendicular to a virtual plane S inclined with respect to the irradiation processing axis A of the laser processing head 13. The opening edge portion 29 is formed so as to extend along the virtual plane S, and the detected value by the X-axis tachometer generator 55 is set so that a large amount of assist gas flows to the front side in the cutting direction of the workpiece W. A drive control device 59 for controlling the drive of the rotary servomotor 37 based on the value detected by the Y-axis tachometer generator 57 is provided.

 The operation of the present embodiment is summarized as follows.

The work clamp 15 is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by driving the X-axis servo motor 51 and the Y-axis servo motor 53 while the end of the workpiece W is clamped by the work clamp 15. As a result, a predetermined portion of the workpiece W is vertically (directly below) the laser nozzle 17 of the laser processing head 13.
Position.

Then, while irradiating a laser beam from the nozzle hole 31 of the laser nozzle 17 and ejecting an assist gas, a predetermined portion of the workpiece W is pierced to form a piercing (small hole) in the workpiece W. It can be formed.

After the piercing is completed, the laser beam nozzle hole
While irradiating the laser beam from 31 and injecting the assist gas, the work clamp 15 is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction corresponding to the cut portion of the workpiece W. Thus, the cut portion can be formed on the workpiece W by performing the laser cutting on the cut portion of the workpiece W. At this time, the drive controller 59 determines the amount of movement of the work clamp 15 in the X-axis direction detected by the X-axis tachometer generator 55 based on the amount of movement of the work clamp 15 in the Y-axis direction detected by the Y-axis tachometer generator 57. Controls the driving of the rotary servomotor 37. This allows a large amount of assist gas to flow to the front side of the workpiece W in the cutting direction.

Note that when performing laser cutting from the end face side of the workpiece W, the piercing is not necessary.

As described above, according to the invention of this embodiment, the workpiece W
Since more assist gas flows on the front side in the cutting direction than on the rear side in the cutting direction, the dross can be efficiently blown off, and the adhesion of troth to the cut surface of the workpiece W can be suppressed.

On the other hand, since a large amount of assist gas does not flow on the rear side in the cutting direction of the workpiece, the consumption of the assist gas can be reduced as compared with the related art.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when laser processing is performed on a cut portion of a workpiece, the front side in the cutting direction of the workpiece is larger than the rear side in the cutting direction. Since the assist gas flows, the dross can be efficiently blown off, and the dross can be prevented from adhering to the cut surface of the workpiece.

On the other hand, since a large amount of assist gas does not flow on the rear side in the cutting direction of the workpiece, the consumption of the assist gas can be reduced as compared with the related art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a laser beam nozzle device of a laser beam device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a control system of the laser beam nozzle device according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a suitable laser processing machine to which the laser beam nozzle device according to the present invention is applied. 1 Laser Processing Machine 13 Laser Processing Head 17 Laser Beam Nozzle 29 Opening Edge 31 Nozzle Hole 37 Rotary Servo Motor 59 Drive Control Device

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A work table for supporting a workpiece is provided, and a work clamp for clamping the workpiece on the work table can be moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by driving an X-axis motor and a Y-axis motor. Provided and the work clamp X
An X-axis movement amount detector for detecting the movement amount in the axial direction is provided, and a Y-axis for detecting the movement amount in the Y-axis direction of the work clamp.
An axis movement amount detector is provided, and a laser processing head that irradiates a laser beam to the workpiece and ejects an assist gas at a position above the work table is provided.The laser processing head includes a processing head body and a laser processing head. A laser beam nozzle provided at the tip of the processing head body and having a nozzle hole is provided, and a rotation motor for rotating the laser beam nozzle around the irradiation optical axis of the laser processing head is provided. In order to allow a large amount of assist gas to flow on the axis side orthogonal to the virtual plane inclined with respect to the virtual plane, the opening edge forming the nozzle hole is configured to extend along the virtual plane, and The detection value by the X-axis movement amount detector and the Y-axis movement amount detection so that more assist gas flows in the front side in the cutting direction than in the rear side in the cutting direction. Based on the value detected by the laser processing machine characterized by comprising providing a drive control device for controlling the drive of the rotary motor.