JP2744174B2 - Photoelectric smoke detector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photoelectric smoke detector for detecting smoke by detecting light scattered by smoke, and is used for a disaster prevention system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a conventional photoelectric smoke detector. The smoke detector includes a light emitting circuit 1 for irradiating light inside the sensor housing, a light receiving circuit 2 for receiving light scattered by smoke of the light emitted from the light emitting circuit 1 and converting the scattered light into an electric signal, and a light receiving circuit 2. And a light emission control circuit 9 for intermittently driving the light emitting circuit 1. First, the light emitting circuit 1 includes a light emitting element 11 such as a light emitting diode (LED), a switching element 12 for supplying a drive current to the light emitting element 11,
A light emission drive circuit 13 for providing a drive signal to the switching element 12 is provided. This light emitting circuit 1
In the light emission control circuit 9, the clock signal oscillated by the oscillation circuit 91 is divided by the frequency dividing circuit 92 to generate an intermittent driving signal. When smoke enters the sensor housing, light emitted from the light emitting circuit 1 is scattered by the smoke and received by the light receiving circuit 2. The light receiving circuit 2 includes a light receiving element 21, such as a photodiode, a reference voltage source 22, operational amplifiers A1, A2, A3, and resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5. Light receiving element 2
When light is applied to 1, a slight photocurrent flows. This photocurrent is converted into a voltage signal by an operational amplifier A1 and a resistor R1 for current-voltage conversion, and is DC-amplified by the operational amplifiers A2 and A3. The amplification factor of the operational amplifier A2 is the input resistance R
The gain of the operational amplifier A3 is determined by the ratio of the input resistor R4 and the feedback resistor R5. The magnitude of the output voltage of the operational amplifier A3 is determined by the determination circuit 3. The determination circuit 3 includes a comparator A5 for comparing voltages, an operational amplifier A4 for creating a reference voltage, and a variable resistor VR. The output voltage of the reference voltage source 22 is applied to a variable resistor VR via an operational amplifier A4 for a buffer and divided to obtain a reference voltage of a comparator A5. If the output voltage of the operational amplifier A3 in the light receiving circuit 2 becomes lower than the reference voltage of the comparator A5, the output of the comparator A5 becomes High level, and it is determined that smoke of a predetermined density or more exists. The counter circuit 4 counts the number of generations of the smoke determination signal output from the determination circuit 3 and generates a smoke detection signal when a count value equal to or more than a predetermined number (for example, three times) is obtained. This counter circuit 4
By providing the above, malfunction due to electromagnetic noise or the like can be avoided.

[0003]

The above-mentioned prior art is an on / off output type smoke detector which determines the presence or absence of smoke and turns the output on or off. On the other hand, in recent years, an analog output type smoke detector that outputs an analog signal according to the density of smoke has been desired. In principle, a smoke detector that outputs an analog signal according to the smoke density recognizes the smoke density from when there is a certain smoke input to when there is no smoke input, and responds accordingly. It is necessary to output an analog signal. In such an analog output type smoke detector, it is naturally required that the smoke density be output as an analog signal with high accuracy. However, in the photoelectric type smoke detector, an LED or a light emitting element as a light emitting element is used. Sensitivity may deteriorate due to contamination of the light receiving lens. A conventional ON / OFF output type smoke detector does not indicate a malfunction as long as a signal indicating the presence or absence of smoke can be obtained even if the sensitivity is slightly deteriorated. If the analog signal does not accurately reflect the smoke density due to the sensitivity deterioration, a malfunction occurs immediately, and it is necessary to deal with the sensitivity deterioration. Therefore, the present inventors turn on
/ Converter used to determine the presence / absence of smoke from the output-type smoke detector
Using a parator, the sensitivity of an analog output type smoke detector
Though we considered that deterioration could be determined, analog output type
Smoke detectors require sample and hold means with a large time constant.
To the output side of this sample and hold means.
On / off output type smoke presence / absence when a comparator is connected
There is a delay in the determination. However, sample hold
When a comparator is connected to the input side of the
The sensitivity of the analog output type smoke detector including the
Cannot be determined.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an analog output type photoelectric smoke detector which outputs an analog signal corresponding to smoke density. An object of the present invention is to allow a user to be notified when the accuracy of an analog signal cannot be obtained as in the case of deterioration. In addition, on / off output type smoke detector
Using a comparator to determine the presence or absence of smoke
Includes sample and hold means for log output smoke detector
The object is to make it possible to determine sensitivity deterioration.

[0005]

According to the photoelectric smoke detector of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as shown in FIG. When,
A light receiving means 20 for receiving light scattered by smoke and converting it into an electric signal, an intermittent driving means 90 for intermittently driving the light emitting means 10 and the light receiving means 20, and an intermittent driving of an intermittent electric signal obtained by the light receiving means 20 And a sample-and-hold means 60 having a capacitor C3 charged through a resistor Rx. The sample-and-hold means 60 has a capacitor C3 charged via a resistor Rx. was in the analog output type photoelectric smoke sensor for outputting an analog signal, the sump
A comparator 30 that compares the level of the voltage that has been held with the reference level Vr to generate different outputs when the sensitivity is degraded and when the sensitivity is normal, and an on / off output that determines the presence or absence of smoke
Analog outputs analog signal according to mode and smoke density
Means 50 for switching the power output mode, and on / off output
Sample hole in analog output mode compared to mode
To switch so as to increase the resistance Rx of the
And the comparator 30 has an on / off output mode.
The mode is characterized by outputting a determination signal of the presence or absence of smoke . The comparator
30 and count the output from the
Signal, the sensitivity degradation or smoke
It is preferable to provide a counter circuit 40 for outputting.

Further, at the time of or during starting desensitization, it is preferably set to a value different from the normal analog signals by the output unit 70.

[0007]

According to the smoke detector of the present invention, the light from the light emitting means is scattered by the smoke, and the scattered light is reflected by the light receiving means.
Is converted into an electric signal. These light emitting means 10 and light receiving means 20 are intermittently driven by intermittent driving means 90 in order to reduce current consumption. Also, the light receiving means 20
In order to convert the intermittent electric signal obtained by the above into a continuous analog signal, a sample and hold means 60 is provided. In the sample and hold means 60, a sampling switch element S which is turned on in synchronization with intermittent driving is provided.
3 and a capacitor C3 charged via the resistor Rx , and outputs an analog signal corresponding to the smoke density based on the voltage sampled and held in the capacitor C3. In such an analog output type smoke detector, even when smoke does not exist, light from the light emitting means 10 is slightly reflected in the sensor housing, and minute light as stray light is received by the light receiving means 20. Therefore, even when the smoke density is zero, the intermittent electric signal has a predetermined level corresponding to the above-mentioned stray light component. The light emitting means 10 and the light receiving means 20
If the sensitivity is deteriorated due to the contamination of the optical system or the like, it becomes impossible to intermittently obtain an electric signal of a predetermined level corresponding to the amount of stray light. Therefore, the level of this electric signal is compared with the value of the comparator 30.
As a result, different outputs are generated between when the sensitivity is degraded and when the sensitivity is normal as compared with the reference level Vr.
The counter circuit 40 counts an output generated when the sensitivity is degraded from the counter, and outputs a sensitivity degradation determination signal when the count value reaches a predetermined number or more. Since the comparator 30 and the counter circuit 40 can be used in the on / off output mode, the chip area does not increase when a semiconductor integrated circuit is formed.
When the sensitivity deterioration determination signal is obtained, the output means 70 for setting the value of the analog signal indicating the smoke density to a value different from the value when the sensitivity is normal allows the user to be notified of the sensitivity deterioration. In addition, in the analog output type smoke detector, in addition to the time when the sensitivity is deteriorated, the operation is not stable even in the transition period immediately after the power is turned on, and the analog signal may not accurately reflect the smoke density. In such a case,
As in the case of the sensitivity degradation, the user can be notified of the sensitivity degradation by setting the value of the analog signal to a value different from that in the normal operation. In the present invention, the comparator 3
0 is not the input side of the sample and hold means 60 but the output side
The sensitivity of the analog output type smoke detector
Judgment of deterioration including sample and hold means 60
Can be. Also, in the present invention, in the on / off output mode,
Is an analog output of the resistance Rx of the sample and hold means 60
Since the mode is switched smaller than the mode,
Comparator used to determine the presence or absence of smoke from off-output smoke detectors
Of an analog output type smoke detector using a radiator
While making it possible to judge sensitivity deterioration including hold means
Also delays the determination of smoke in the on / off output mode
Will not occur.

[0008]

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the circuit configuration will be described. The cathode of the light receiving element 21 composed of a photodiode is connected to the power supply line, and the anode is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is
It is connected to the output of the reference voltage source 22. Operational amplifier A
A parallel circuit of an integration capacitor C1 and an integration reset analog switch S1 is connected between the output terminal 1 and the inverting input terminal. An output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A2 via an input resistor R2. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A2 is connected to the output of the reference voltage source 22. A feedback resistor R is connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier A2 and the inverting input terminal.
3 are connected. The amplification factor of the operational amplifier A3 is determined by the ratio between the input resistance R2 and the feedback resistance R3. An output terminal of the operational amplifier A2 is connected to the operational amplifier A via an input resistor R4.
3 inverting input terminals. The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A3 is connected to the output of the reference voltage source 22. A feedback resistor R5 is connected between the output terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A3. The amplification factor of the operational amplifier A3 is determined by the ratio between the input resistance R4 and the feedback resistance R5.

The output terminal of the operational amplifier A3 is connected to one end of a coupling capacitor C2. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the output of the reference voltage source 22 via the charging analog switch S2 and to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A6 for buffer. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A6 is connected to the output terminal. Therefore, the output voltage of the operational amplifier A6 is equal to the input voltage. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A6 is connected to one end of a sample and hold analog switch S3. The other end of the analog switch S3 is connected to a resistor Ra.
Is connected to one end of a capacitor C3 for sample and hold. The other end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the ground level. The resistance Ra is a resistance for setting a time constant when the smoke detector is used as an analog smoke detector. A resistor Ro is connected in parallel to the resistor Ra via an analog switch S4. Analog switch S
4 is turned on when the smoke detector is used as an on / off type smoke detector, and is turned off when the smoke detector is used as an analog type smoke detector. The potential of the capacitor C3 is the operational amplifier A
7 is applied to the non-inverting input terminal. Operational amplifier A7
Are connected to the output terminal. Therefore, the output voltage of the operational amplifier A7 is equal to the input voltage.

The output terminal of the operational amplifier A7 has a variable resistor V
The voltage is applied to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A8 via R1. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A8 has a transistor Q1
The base is connected. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply line, and the emitter is connected to the ground level via the resistor R7, forming an emitter follower. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the analog signal output terminal Ta via the anode and the cathode of the diode D1. The emitter potential of the transistor Q1 is applied to the operational amplifier A via the resistor R6.
8 is fed back to the inverting input terminal. The power supply voltage is supplied to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A8 by the resistor R8 and the variable resistor V.
A voltage divided by R2 is applied. The connection point between the resistor R8 and the variable resistor VR2 is connected to the ground level via the MOS transistor Q2. When the MOS transistor Q2 is turned on, the potential of the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A8 becomes almost zero.

The reference voltage source 22 includes voltage dividing resistors r1 and r2.
Series circuit. One end of the resistor r1 is connected to a power supply line via a MOS transistor Q3,
One end of the resistor r2 is connected to the ground level. The other ends of the resistors r1 and r2 are connected to the non-inverting input terminals of the operational amplifiers A1, A2, A3 and A4 as outputs of the reference voltage source 22, and one end of an analog switch S2 for initially charging the capacitor C2. . The MOS transistor Q3 is periodically turned on by the intermittent drive signal KNK. At this time, the reference voltage Vref obtained by dividing the power supply voltage by the resistors r1 and r2 is applied to the operational amplifiers A1, A2, A3 and A
4 is applied to the non-inverting input terminal. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A4 is connected to the output terminal. Therefore, the output voltage of the operational amplifier A4 is equal to the input voltage. The output voltage of the operational amplifier A4 is divided by the resistor R9 and the variable resistor VR3 and applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A5. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A7 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A5. The output terminal of the operational amplifier A5 is connected to one input of the AND circuit G1 via the inverter N1.
It is connected to one input of an AND circuit G2. A switching signal O / A for switching between the on / off output mode and the analog output mode of the smoke detector is input to the other input of the AND circuit G2. Also, the switching signal O /
A is inverted by an inverter N2, and an AND circuit G1
Is the other input. Outputs of the AND circuits G1 and G2 are input to a NOR circuit G3. NOR circuit G
The output of No. 3 is inverted by the inverter N3 and input to the counter circuit 4. When the counter circuit 4 counts three pulses, it generates a count-up output. The output of the counter circuit 4 is connected to the output terminal To of the smoke detection signal in the on / off output mode. The signal obtained at the output terminal To is input as a trigger signal to a thyristor serving as an output element of the smoke detector. The thyristor is turned on and outputs a smoke detection signal to a fire receiver when the presence of smoke is detected when the smoke detector selects the on / off output mode.

The output terminal To is connected to one input of an OR circuit G4. The output of the start detection counter 5 is connected to the other input of the OR circuit G4. This start detection counter 5 is set to 1 for a fixed time at the time of start.
, And becomes 0 in a steady state. The output of the OR circuit G4 is M
It is connected to the gate of the OS transistor Q2.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the smoke detector of this embodiment. An electronic component 15 is mounted on the circuit board 14 and a one-chip IC 16 is mounted thereon. This one-chip IC 16 is obtained by integrating the circuits and the like shown in FIG. 2 on a dielectric isolation substrate. However, electronic components that are not suitable for IC implementation, such as the variable resistors VR1, VR2, and VR3, are mounted on the circuit board 14 as external components of the one-chip IC 16. One-chip IC16
Is mounted at the center of the IC frame 17 and the IC sealing resin 1
8 sealed. The IC sealing resin 18 is made of a resin that transmits light. The one-chip IC 16 includes a light receiving element 21 composed of a photodiode, and a light receiving lens 23 is arranged so as to collect light at the position of the light receiving element 21. Reference numeral 24 denotes a reflector, and reference numeral 25 denotes a lens cover. The light receiving lens 23 is configured to collect light from a range surrounded by broken lines A and B on the light receiving element 21 of the one-chip IC 16. On the opposite side of the light receiving lens 23, a light emitting element 11 composed of an LED is arranged, and emits light in a range surrounded by broken lines C and D. The inside of the casing of the smoke detector is configured to hardly reflect light, and furthermore, the light path for light projection surrounded by broken lines C and D, and broken lines A and B
Since the traveling direction of the light is different from that of the light receiving optical path surrounded by the circle, the light emitted from the light emitting element 11 is hardly received by the light receiving element 21. However, smoke enters the interior of the smoke sensor housing, and a light-sensing area where the light-projecting light path surrounded by broken lines C and D and the light-receiving light path surrounded by broken lines A and B intersects. To
When the smoke particles F and G are present, the smoke particles F and G
The light is scattered by G, and the scattered light due to smoke reaches the light receiving element 21 as shown in optical paths H and I. A labyrinth 26 is provided inside the casing of the smoke detector for introducing smoke particles while blocking external light. The labyrinth 26 has a maze structure and does not prevent air from flowing in from the outside, but is configured to block light from entering. In addition, an insect repellent net 27 is provided around the labyrinth 26.

In the circuit shown in FIG. 2, measures are taken to reduce the sensitivity of the smoke detector in the analog output mode. Here, the sensitivity degradation is a phenomenon in which an analog signal output from the smoke detector does not accurately reflect the original smoke density due to cloudiness, dirt, and the like of the light emitting element 11 and the light receiving lens 23 in the smoke detector. is there. When the sensitivity is normal, even when there is no smoke, the light receiving element 21 contains weak light as stray light, and the photoelectric current generated by this stray light is amplified by the photoelectric conversion unit. Compared to the value of
Sensitivity degradation is determined. As a voltage comparator for determining the presence / absence of the sensitivity deterioration, a voltage comparator for determining the presence / absence of smoke by the smoke detector in the on / off output mode is also used. As the voltage comparator, the circuit of FIG. 2 uses an operational amplifier A5. The reference voltage Vr is obtained by extracting the reference voltage Vref of the photoelectric conversion unit by the operational amplifier A4 for a buffer, and using a resistor R9 and a variable resistor VR3. It is created by partial pressure. In the operational amplifier A5, the voltage output from the operational amplifier A7 is sampled and held by the capacitor C3 and compared with the reference voltage Vr. When a signal higher than the reference voltage Vr is output, the signal is input to the counter circuit 4 and the signal is input to the counter circuit 4. Is entered three or more times,
It determines that the sensitivity has deteriorated and sends a sensitivity deterioration determination signal to the output terminal To. This is because there is a risk of malfunction due to a single signal, so that a signal indicating that the sensitivity has deteriorated is output only when a signal is input three times in succession using the three-pulse counter circuit 4.

Next, the operation of the start detection counter 5 will be described. When the analog smoke detector is operated, a time delay occurs due to, for example, performing an integration operation using the sample-and-hold resistor Ra and the capacitor C3. Therefore, there is a risk that the initial value of the output may become an abnormal value. In order to prevent this, in the circuit of FIG. 2, the reference voltage of the operational amplifier A8 at the last stage of the photoelectric conversion unit is reduced to 0 V at the time of starting by the MOS transistor Q2 so that the output of the analog signal is prevented. ing. The start detection counter 5 turns off the MOS transistor Q2 when the cycle of the intermittent drive signal KNK is counted four times. In the circuit shown in FIG. 2, a circuit for preventing malfunctions at the time of sensitivity deterioration and at the time of starting is also partially used. Even when the sensitivity deterioration is determined, the output of the OR circuit G4 becomes High level and the MOS transistor Q2 Is turned on, the output of the operational amplifier A8 is set to the low level, and the analog smoke density output signal is set to 0V. With the above circuit configuration, it is possible to determine the sensitivity deterioration of the analog type smoke detector and also to prevent the malfunction at the time of starting.

In the circuit shown in FIG. 2, an integrating circuit using a capacitor C1 is used to convert a received light signal into an electric signal. In the conventional example of FIG. 6, the resistor R1 is used as the feedback impedance of the operational amplifier A1 for photoelectric conversion. If the photocurrent flowing through the light receiving element 21 is i, the voltage obtained at the output terminal is R1 × i. . Light receiving element 2
1 is a very small current of the order of pA, so if the output voltage of the operational amplifier A1 is to be increased,
It was necessary to increase the resistance value of the resistor R1, which was not suitable for an integrated circuit. Therefore, in the circuit of FIG. 2, the capacitor C1 is used as the feedback impedance of the operational amplifier A1 for photoelectric conversion. Assuming that the photocurrent flowing through the light receiving element 21 is i, the voltage obtained at the output terminal is ∫ (i
/ C1) dt. Therefore, in order to increase the output voltage of the operational amplifier A1, the capacitance of the capacitor C1 may be reduced or the integration time may be increased, which is suitable for an integrated circuit. For example, in the circuit of FIG. 6, a large resistor R1 of about 2 MΩ is used as the feedback impedance of the operational amplifier A1, but in the circuit of FIG.
Since only a small capacitor C1 and an analog switch S1 for integration reset are used, the area occupied on the chip becomes very small when integrated.
It leads to cost reduction. Also, the sensitivity of the capacitor C is smaller than that in the case where feedback amplification is performed by the resistor R1.
In the integration by 1, sensitivity about 10 times can be obtained.

Although a circuit for driving the light emitting element 11 is not specifically shown, the clock signal of the oscillation circuit 91 is divided by the frequency dividing circuit 92 and driven by the light emitting driving circuit 13 as in the conventional example of FIG. The light emitting element 11 is driven intermittently by making the transistor 12 intermittently conductive. In addition, various timing signals as shown in FIG. 4 are generated from the frequency-divided output of each stage of the frequency-dividing circuit 92 by using a logic circuit and a shift register.
In the figure, OSC is a clock signal of the oscillation circuit 91, SHK is a basic period signal generated by the frequency divider 92, KNK is an intermittent drive signal, and CHG is a coupling capacitor C2.
LED, a light emission control signal for the light emitting element 11, ITG is an integration control signal for determining the timing of starting integration, VA6 is an output voltage of the operational amplifier A6, S / H is a control signal for the analog switch S3 of the sample and hold circuit,
VA7 is an output voltage of the operational amplifier A7.

Hereinafter, the operation will be described based on the timing signal of FIG. When the intermittent drive signal KNK rises, the reference voltage source 22 generates the reference voltage Vref. When the charge control signal CHG rises, the analog switch S2 is turned on, and the coupling capacitor C2 is charged. As a result, the output potential of the operational amplifier A6 becomes equal to the reference voltage Vref. When the charge control signal CHG falls, the analog switch S2 is turned off, but the output potential of the operational amplifier A6 changes to the reference voltage Vre.
f. Thereafter, when the integration control signal ITG falls, the analog switch S1 is turned off,
The capacitor C1 is in a state where integration operation is possible. Next, when the light emission control signal LED rises, the light emitting element 11 emits light. When the light emitted from the light emitting element 11 strikes the smoke particles and is reflected, the scattered light is received by the light receiving element 21, and a minute photocurrent flows through the light receiving element 21. This minute photocurrent flows through the capacitor C1 as a feedback impedance of the operational amplifier A1, and charges are accumulated in the capacitor C1, so that the output voltage of the operational amplifier A6 decreases linearly. The rate of change of this voltage is proportional to the magnitude of the photocurrent. Since the pulse width of the light emission control signal LED is constant, the operational amplifier A during the generation period of the light emission control signal LED
The change width of the output voltage of No. 6 is proportional to the magnitude of the photocurrent. Therefore, as shown by Vs in FIG. 5, the output voltage of the operational amplifier A6 becomes equal to the reference voltage Vref when there is no smoke, and the voltage decreases linearly as the smoke density increases. When the light emission control signal LED falls, the sample hold signal S / H rises, and the analog switch S3 is turned on. Thus, the capacitor C3 is charged or discharged by the output voltage of the operational amplifier A6 via the resistor Ra, and the output voltage of the operational amplifier A7 becomes equal to the output potential of the operational amplifier A6. The output voltage of the operational amplifier A7 is inverted and amplified and level-shifted by the operational amplifier A8 at the final stage to become an analog signal as shown by a voltage Va in FIG.
It changes in the range of 75V. In the circuit shown in FIG. 2, the operational amplifiers A7 and A8 subsequent to the sample and hold capacitor C3 do not intermittently operate, so that an analog signal is always output to the analog output terminal Ta.

The capacitor C3 of the sample and hold circuit is connected to an operational amplifier A via a resistor Ra and an analog switch S3.
6 and the resistor Ra constitutes an integrator together with the capacitor C3. The time constant of the integrator is set so that even if the output potential of the operational amplifier A6 changes, sampling cannot be performed up to that value unless several pulses are applied even if the output potential of the operational amplifier A6 changes. As a result, no change appears at the analog signal output terminal Ta unless the light scattered by the smoke continues for a certain period of time or longer.

The intermittent drive system is used for the photoelectric conversion unit up to the capacitor C3 of the sample and hold circuit in order to save current consumption. This means that while the intermittent drive signal KNK is at the low level, the power supply current of the operational amplifier of the photoelectric conversion unit and the input buffer A6 of the sample and hold circuit is cut off in order to reduce current consumption. However, since the analog signal must be continuously output to the output terminal Ta, the output buffer A7 of the sample-hold circuit and the operational amplifier A8 at the last stage are always operated. This makes it possible to output not only an ON / OFF determination signal indicating whether or not there is smoke but also an amount of smoke as an analog signal.

[0021]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an analog output type photoelectric smoke detector which outputs an analog signal indicating smoke density by receiving scattered light due to smoke and converting it into an electric signal. since smoke as the level of the electric signal due to the stray light component in the absence that compared with the reference level was <br/> of produce different output between time and sensitivity normal state desensitization by the comparator, the optical system When the sensitivity is deteriorated due to dirt or the like, it is possible to know that the accuracy of the analog signal is poor, and it is possible to realize a highly reliable analog output type smoke detector. In the present invention,
Sampler for smoke detector with analog output parator
Connected to the output side instead of the input side of the
Deterioration of deterioration is determined including the sample and hold means
Can be. Also, in the present invention, in the on / off output mode,
Is the analog output mode
On / off output
Comparator used to determine the presence or absence of smoke
Sampling and holding of analog output type smoke detector using
While it is possible to determine the sensitivity degradation including the means,
Delay in determination of smoke in off output mode
There is no.

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an operation waveform diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing output characteristics of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Light-emitting means 20 Light-receiving means 30 Comparator 40 Counter circuit 50 Mode switching means 60 Sample hold means 70 Output means 90 Intermittent drive means

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Toshio Fujimura 1048 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-63-220396 (JP, A) JP-A-3-30098 (JP, A) JP-A-3-250395 (JP, A) JP-A-60-95689 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A light-emitting means for irradiating light in a sensor housing; a light-receiving means for receiving scattered light due to smoke and converting it into an electric signal; an intermittent driving means for intermittently driving the light-emitting means and the light-receiving means; A sampling switch element that is turned on in synchronization with the intermittent driving of the intermittent electric signal obtained by the means and a sample and hold means having a capacitor that is charged through a resistor . In an analog output type photoelectric smoke detector that outputs an analog signal corresponding to smoke density based on a voltage , the level of the sampled and held voltage is compared with a reference level, and is different between when the sensitivity is deteriorated and when the sensitivity is normal. Comparator that generates output and ON / OFF to determine the presence or absence of smoke
Output analog signal according to output mode and smoke density
Means for switching analog output mode and on / off output
In the analog output mode, the sample
Means to switch so as to increase the resistance of the
The comparator has smoke in on / off output mode.
A photoelectric smoke detector configured to output a determination signal of presence / absence of a smoke.