JP2738653B2 - Electromagnetic pump for liquid circulation in high vacuum environment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention makes it possible, for example, to supply a refrigerant liquid such as an absorption type air conditioner which takes off heat by evaporating an aqueous solution of lithium bromide or ammonia in a state close to vacuum in air cooling. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic pump for liquid circulation in the high vacuum environment.

[0002] Gas-based cooling is broadly classified into the absorption type described above and a gas engine heat pump type in which a compressor is driven by a gas engine. Both of these systems have been used for large-scale commercial use for a long time, but are difficult to reduce in size, and are unsuitable for home use and small business use.

[0003] If the cooling by gas becomes widespread, not only the peak of the power demand during the daytime in summer is eased, but also the gas supply in summer when gas demand is small is increased and averaged.

[0004] Therefore, development of a small machine capable of utilizing gas for both cooling and heating has been a long-awaited one. Moreover, this absorption-type gas cooler does not use chlorofluorocarbon or alternative chlorofluorocarbon which destroys the ozone layer.

The present invention contributes to downsizing of such a gas cooler.

[0006]

2. Description of the Related Art An outline of a water-lithium absorption cooling machine which is an example of the above-mentioned conventional absorption cooling machine will be described with reference to the system diagram shown in FIG.

In the cooling system 35 shown in FIG. 13, a group of containers of a regenerator 36, a condenser 37, an evaporator 38, and an absorber 39 are connected to the outside in a hermetically sealed manner through pipes to form an annular closed circuit. And the inside of each of them has an atmospheric pressure of 760.
mmHg or less.

First, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide 3 in regenerator 36
6 'is heated by the gas burner 36 ", and the generated steam is sent to the condenser 37 via a pipe, and is cooled by circulation of a cooling liquid from the cooling tank 42 to become water 37'. The cooling liquid is sent to the evaporator 38 and dropped into the pipe of the cooling liquid circulating from the air conditioner 43, and when evaporating here, the heat of the cooling liquid is deprived of the heat of the cooling liquid and heat exchange in the air conditioner 43. Then, the air that has entered as shown by the arrow below the air conditioner 43 blows out cool air outward by a blower (not shown) as shown by the arrow above.

[0009] The water 38 'collected at the bottom of the evaporator 38 is sent again by the refrigerant water pump 40 from the upper part of the evaporator 38 to be dropped again. The unliquefied water vapor in the evaporator 38 is sent from the upper pipe to the absorber 39, and is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution 39 'stored at the bottom. The lithium bromide solution 3 stored in the regenerator 36
A part of 6 ′ is returned to the absorber 39 by the pipe, and the combined lithium bromide solution is sent to the upper regenerator 36 via the pipe by the absorbing liquid pump 41, where it loops and repeats this circulation to cool. Perform an action.

The internal pressure of the regenerator 36 is approximately 680-70.
0 mmHg, and the internal pressure of the condenser 37 is approximately 60 to
At this time, the temperature of the inlet of the cooling water from the cooling tank 42 was approximately 32 ° C.
The temperature of the cooling water returning to becomes approximately 37.5 ° C. Evaporator 3
8 is approximately 6 to 7 mmHg, and the temperature of the chilled water at this time is approximately 7 ° C. The heat is exchanged in the indoor unit of the air conditioner 43 and then circulates back to the evaporator 38. The temperature is about 12 ° C. The internal pressure of the absorber 39 is approximately 6 to 7 mmHg, that is, the evaporated water vapor (refrigerant)
Is absorbed by an absorbing liquid (lithium bromide solution) that easily absorbs moisture, and the inside of the evaporator 38 is close to a vacuum, that is, the above-mentioned 6 to 7 mmHg (6 to 7 torr) under a high vacuum environment.
(r ≒ 1/125 to 1/108 atm).

Water (including the refrigerant bromide solution as well as the coolant water) is 100 ° C. at atmospheric pressure (absolute pressure 760 mmHg), and 12 ° C. at 2 atmospheres higher than this.
Evaporate at 0 ° C. Conversely, when the pressure drops, 1 /
At 10 atmospheres (absolute pressure 76 mmHg) at 46 ° C, 1 /
At 100 atm (absolute pressure 7.6 mmHg), it evaporates at 6.5 ° C. Utilizing this principle, water is evaporated by maintaining a high vacuum in a predetermined environment, that is, the inside of the container,
The absorption refrigeration system uses heat of vaporization to take away the ambient temperature and obtain cold heat. As described above, in this refrigeration or cooling system, the inside of an annular closed circuit constituted by a group of containers sequentially connected from the regenerator 36 to the condenser 37, the evaporator 38, and the absorber 39 ranges from approximately 100 ° C. to 0 ° C. or less. Each temperature in the range has a corresponding saturation pressure of the water liquid corresponding to a relatively high to low pressure in the range below atmospheric pressure, respectively.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the refrigerant water evaporation temperature (condensation temperature) and the pressure (saturation pressure), in which the horizontal axis represents temperature ° C and the vertical axis represents pressure mmHg. . The above-mentioned lithium bromide is composed of bromine (Br) obtained from seawater and lithium (L) obtained from lithium ore.
i) is a white crystal having the same properties as sodium chloride (NaCl), having no toxicity and harmless to the human body. Its specific gravity is 3.464 (25 ° C.), but the specific gravity of the aqueous solution of lithium bromide (absorbent) 39 ′ in the absorber 39 is approximately 1.7.
It is.

Referring again to FIG. 13, the pressure difference between the high-pressure side of the condenser 37 and the low-pressure side of the evaporator 38 and the absorber 39 is within 1 m of a water column. Therefore, the coolant water pump 40
May be any as long as a predetermined flow rate can be obtained at a discharge pressure water column of 1000 mm or more within the (1/108 to 1/125) atmosphere. On the other hand, the absorbing solution pump 41 for sending the aqueous solution of lithium bromide 39 ′ from the absorber 39 to the regenerator 36 has a high vacuum, that is, the inside pressure 680 to 700 mmHg of the inside of the absorber 39 of 1/108 to 1/125 atm, that is, almost 1.0 /
1 . In order to send it to the one-atmosphere regenerator 36, the head is almost
It requires the ability to deliver an absorbent at 0 m and a specific gravity of 1.7. Water has a specific gravity of 1.0 at 4 ° C., but will be described below assuming the same value.

[0014] The operation of the pump in such a vacuum system is particularly problematic in that, during suction, even when the pump does not drop to the saturation pressure, cavitation of the pump due to evaporation of water is generated together with blockage of bubbles in the valve. Disturbs the discharge action. In order to assist the suction operation of the pump, the coolant water and the absorbing liquid are at a higher water level than the inlet of the pump.
Is below the condenser 37, and the absorber 39 is also below the equipment. The refrigerant water pump 40 and the absorption liquid pump 41 are respectively provided with the inflow head as large as possible from the lower bottom of each.

[0015]

One of the conventional attempts is to increase the suction head of the coolant water pump by +500 to 600 m.
/ M, but the caption still could not be settled and noise generation could not be prevented, and the pump was inevitably enlarged to obtain the required discharge flow rate. The pump used in such a case is a non-displacement type rotary pump (minimum rated output 750) with a canned motor pump to prevent outside air from being sucked in or leaked out.
W) was used. For this reason, this pump is large and the inflow head needs to be 500 to 600 m / m. It was too large and expensive to use at all.

A further problem is that even if the head of water flowing into the inlet of the pump is taken to a certain extent, the occurrence of capitation, the instability of the suction / discharge action, and the fluctuation of the flow rate are caused in a highly vacuum environment.

It is an object of the present invention to facilitate the inflow of liquid at the inlet side of a high vacuum environment, ie a pump circulating in the vessel, and to minimize the inflow head, thus, for example, making the evaporative absorption chiller compact and compact. It is to provide an electromagnetic pump which is economical.

According to the present invention, in this type of pump, a conventionally known electromagnetic pump cannot perform a suction / discharge pumping operation under the above-mentioned high vacuum environment. The inventor added a valve to the valve and improved it to make it possible to use an electromagnetic pump.

The configuration and the results of each experiment will be described in detail in the description of the embodiments below.

[0020]

[0021]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems,
According to the present invention , according to the present invention, the inflow permitting check valve is configured such that the valve element is attracted to the valve seat by magnetic attraction force generated during a discharge stroke of a pump for energizing the intermittent pulse current to the electromagnetic coil. Is closed.

[0022]

[Action] When the electromagnetic coil is energized, thereby moving upward <br/> direction by the magnetic attraction force solenoid plunger occurs therein during conduction in periods, the inflow allowable check valve in the electromagnetic plunger that The valve is blocked by adsorption to the valve seat and pumps liquid.
Ejecting raised seen, during non-conduction in the period attempts return to the original position downward by the repulsive spring, this time with the valve body is forcibly separated to open the valve seat by the repulsive force of the spring when the electromagnetic plunger stationary Therefore, even in a high-vacuum environment, the inflow-permitting check valve opens very easily to suck in liquid. Due to the reciprocating motion of the electromagnetic plunger, the liquid is sucked and discharged in combination with the volume change in the cylinder and the opening / closing operation of the inflow permitting check valve.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a partial section of an embodiment of the electromagnetic pump of the present invention. This electromagnetic pump comprises a conventional suction valve provided in the inflow valve assembly part 3 'shown by a virtual line,
And conventional discharge valve provided on the discharge valve installing unit 3 shown in phantom, in known line-type electromagnetic pump with a tubular magnetic armature, with the exception of these intake Iriben the discharge valve, the solenoid plunger Check valve built-in part 2 provided in
It differs from the prior art check valve shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in that it incorporates an inflow permitting check valve according to the present invention, which is further different from the prior art shown in FIGS.

4 (a), 4 (b), 5 (a), and 5 (b) of a conventional electromagnetic pump using the experimental apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 6) and FIG. 6 (b) and the inflow-permissible check valve shown in FIG. 7 and the like in the prior art shown in FIG. 3,
It was subjected to the experiment shown in Table 4.

In FIG. 1, an electromagnetic pump MP is provided with an annular magnetic pole 5 integrally with a longitudinal through hole of an electromagnetic coil 4, a discharge joint 11 having a discharge port 12 at an upper portion, and an inflow port having an inflow port 10. An annular magnetic path 6 coupled to the joint 9 is fitted to a lower portion of the cylinder 19 through an annular magnetic pole 5 and the annular magnetic path 6, and a cylinder 19 fixedly inserted and fixed while maintaining airtightness.

In the cylinder 19, the electromagnetic plunger 1 which is slidable and reciprocable and has the check valve built-in portion 2 provided therein with the inflow permitting check valve according to the present invention is provided with a return spring seat on the discharge joint 11 side. 17 and an auxiliary spring 8 via an auxiliary spring seat 18 between the return spring 7 and the bottom of the annular magnetic path 6 on the inflow port 10 side. Are held by the same repulsive force.

The outer frame yoke 14 is screwed to the lower plate 15 with a plurality of small screws (not shown) via a snap ring 16 fitted to the discharge joint 11, so that the magnetic washer 1
3. The electromagnetic coil 4 is interposed. 9A or the frequency of the DC rectangular current shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C to the electromagnetic coil 4 of the electromagnetic pump MP having such a configuration. 9 (d) of FIGS. 9 (d) and 9 (c) with the same period as that of FIG. It energizes. The energizing current to the electromagnetic coil 4 will be described later.

In the case of the refrigerant water pump 40 for re-evaporating the water 38 'in the evaporator 38 again, as shown in FIG.
3, see FIG. 14) As with the absorber 39, the internal pressure is 6 to 7
Since it is mmHg, the electromagnetic pump shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used.

The reason why the discharge joint 11 is made of the same magnetic material as that of the annular magnetic pole 5 is that the number of parts to be welded by brazing is reduced by connecting as few members as possible.
-It is to keep the airtight by avoiding the connection by ring fitting.

In that sense, the annular magnetic path 6 and the inflow joint 9 may also be of the same magnetic body integrated structure. The discharge, flows both catch 11,9 is screwed or pipe by the pipe against hand not hose joint as shown, the flare may be a bond flare nut, other prior art shown in FIG. 2 <br / An L-shaped joint as shown in <> may be used. In the example of FIG. 2, the inflow joint 9 ', the annular magnetic path 6, and the discharge joint 1
1 and the annular magnetic pole 5 'are separately connected to each other, and have an air-tight structure by an O-ring. However, as in the case of the present invention, the internal pressure of the pump is lower than the external pressure. Low and the temperature difference is large,
In particular, even if the O-ring is selected in consideration of the properties of the material, it is easy for leakage to occur.

One of the inflow-permitted check valves in the prior art electromagnetic pump is a valve seat 22 having an inflow port 25 as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B described above. The valve body guide 24 surrounding the valve body 21 has three or four columns as shown in the figure, and the lower part thereof is cylindrical and the valve seat fits. Wearing is fixed. An outlet 26 is provided at an upper portion thereof, and a stopper 29 for restricting upward movement of the valve body 21 is provided at the valve cylinder guide 24 to prevent the valve body 21 from being repeatedly inverted and caught. I do. Further, a window is formed between the plurality of columns to reduce the flow resistance of the fluid.

Although the inflow-permitting check valve shown in FIG. 7 is shown in an inverted view for the sake of explanation, the valve seat 22 is actually set to the lower side similarly to FIG. The valve spring 23 is disposed between the valve body 21 and a stopper / spring seat 28 provided at the top of the valve cylinder guide on the outlet side, but the valve body 21 does not press and close the valve seat, and It has a gap of g ₀ .

The stopper / spring seat 28 includes a valve spring 23
While preventing the valve body 21 from being repeatedly inverted and caught. Opening of the valve body and the valve seat during suction of the pump,
The lift is generically called g ₀ ′, including the gap g ₀ ,
The relationship between this and the effective diameter d ₀ of the valve seat is

[0034]

[Outside 1] Should be fine. Also in the inflow allowable check valve having a valve body of such a disc-shaped, d; open the valve, the lift Q;; circular valve diameter d _0; valve seat clear aperture g ₀ 'flow C; flow coefficient H; effective hydrocephalus (Loss head) q: Dimensionless flow rate P; Pushing force p: Dimensionless pushing force

[0035]

[Outside 2] There is such a relationship. However, as described later, inside the advanced vacuum system, under such a rising head and flow rate,
Rather, cavitation due to water vapor generation due to the degree of suction plus head and pump vibration are more problematic. The effects of resistance due to the shape and dimensions of the valve element, valve seat, and the like are carefully considered, and therefore, it does not appear to be a problem even if collated with experimental data described later.

In order to confirm the operation of the present invention, a cooling system 35 shown in FIG.
An experimental apparatus 30 disclosed in FIG. 11 manufactured based on FIG.

In FIG. 11, the on-off valve SV is opened from the bottom of the vacuum chamber VT provided with a viewing window for measuring the water level 32.
_1, sequentially connected to piping to the electromagnetic pump MP, further the pipe startup, the flow meter QG and right angle bent elongated piping to a height above the interposed h _d, vacuum gauge VPG of the above, on-off valve SV after _two and connected to a vacuum tank VT and circulation path bending beyond the lower on-off valve SV ₃ on top of the vacuum tank VT
If, it provided a pipe which is interposed off valve SV ₄ connected to a vacuum pump VP.

Each of the piping systems is kept airtight to the outside. Distilled water is filled up to the height of hs so as to always maintain the water level 32 in the vacuum chamber VT, and the vacuum pump VP is operated to maintain the pipe system at a predetermined degree of vacuum. The upper part of the horizontal piping part of the vacuum gauge VPG is not always filled with water, and the upper part of the vacuum tank VP and the dilute air layer communicate with each other, so that the cross-sectional area of the horizontal piping part is compared so that a high vacuum state can be maintained. The target is large.

As described above, the pumps shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are used as electromagnetic pumps to be used for the refrigerant water pump 40. At this time, a check valve was not incorporated in the discharge valve assembly part 3. An inflow-permissible check valve shown in FIG. 7 is incorporated in the inflow-permissible check valve assembling portion (hereinafter, simply referred to as a check valve assembling portion) 2.

[0040] When the coolant water pump 40, for the reasons described above, the water column 1000mm discharge lift h _d of the pump
And the inflow head hs on the inlet side is +200 mm,
When a predetermined intermittent pulse current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 4, the electromagnetic plunger 1 overcomes the repulsive force of the return spring 7 during conduction during the cycle, and the gap magnetic attraction to the annular magnetic pole 5 and the magnetic center point of the electromagnetic plunger 1 The magnetic coil 4 moves upward due to the attractive force of the solenoid attracted toward the magnetic neutral point of the electromagnetic coil 4, and at the time of non-conduction during the period, the respective magnetic attractive forces are attenuated. I made a round trip here to return to. At this time, due to the volume change in the cylinder 19 and the opening / closing action of the check valve, the fluid flowing from the arrow in, that is, water flows through the pump and flows out of the arrow out.
It is discharged like.

The normal suction and discharge check valves are sufficient for the suction and discharge during the pumping operation in the atmosphere, but the suction function cannot be performed particularly in the high vacuum environment described above. , The pump operation becomes impossible.

However, in the prior art shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the flow resistance at the time of liquid inflow is extremely small and has negligible effect, and when the pump is stopped, the flow resistance is smaller than the installation position of the pump. The electromagnetic plunger 1 has a built-in inflow permitting check valve that permits inflow from a relatively high liquid level and is closed only at the time of its discharge operation. The suction and discharge circulation of the liquid is easy and a desired flow rate can be secured.

Further, the reversal reversal of the inflow permitting check valve during the pump operation is completely prevented by the stopper. Further, even if the stopper / spring seat 28 is omitted, the valve spring 23 also serves as the stopper.

According to the prior art shown in FIGS.
Introducing a check valve that allows inflow into the electromagnetic pump shown in Figs. 1 and 2
In this case, it is due to the flow pressure of the fluid that the fluid is closed only during the discharge operation. However, as shown in Table 1 below,
As is evident in all experiments,
In the check valve, the valve spring that urges the valve body to the valve seat
It is excluded because it inhibits the influx of the body, or
Is designed not to give the spring repulsive force.
In use, the valve seat closes the valve body due to the fluid pressure of the fluid.
However, there is a possibility of leakage there, which leads to a decrease in the discharge amount.
On the other hand, at the time of inflow, the valve body is lightweight and the flow resistance is extremely high
Although it is very small, it is placed on the valve seat
And prevent the inflow, thus lowering the discharge capacity of the pump.
I will let you down. Therefore, the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic pump
During the discharge stroke of the pump that energizes the intermittent pulse current to the
Is caused by the magnetic attraction generated there,
Without adsorbing on the valve seat and closing it, causing no leakage,
And when the pulse current is not conducted during the cycle,
Is forcibly released from the valve seat by the repulsive force of the valve spring,
There is no risk of flow resistance,
To improve the suction-discharge efficiency, that is, the pump discharge capacity.
Is necessary. With this purpose, FIG. 8 according to the invention
The present invention proposes an electromagnetic pump provided with an inflow-permitting check valve using magnetic force shown in FIG.

The valve seat 2 is located above the electromagnetic plunger 1.
2 ′ is provided and the valve element 21 ′ to be engaged and closed is
It is made of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin mixed with a strong magnetic pole body such as iron powder, is surrounded by a valve guide 24 ', and a valve spring 23' is press-fitted between the valve seat 22 'and the main part. Thereby, when the electromagnetic coil 4 is not energized including the non-conduction time, the valve seat 22 'is always opened by the repulsive force of the valve spring 23', and the fluid is allowed to flow upward of the cylinder 19, The magnetic force generated by the current urged to the electromagnetic coil 4 only during the conduction, that is, during the pump discharge operation, is caused by the solenoid magnetism in which the magnetic center line PMC of the electromagnetic plunger 1 is drawn toward the magnetic neutral line CMC of the electromagnetic coil 4. At the same time as the electromagnetic plunger 1 is moved upward in the figure by the attractive force and the air gap magnetic attractive force drawn toward the annular magnetic pole 5, the valve body 21 'is also made of a ferromagnetic electromagnetic plunger 1.
Then, the space between the valve seats 22 'is filled and the reluctance is reduced so that the suction is performed on the valve seats 22', and the valve seats 22 'are closed to perform the discharge operation of the pump.

Next, the above-mentioned internal vacuum pressure of 6 to 7 m
The case where the electromagnetic pump shown in FIG. 3 is used will be described as the one to be used in the case of the absorption liquid pump 41 which sends the lithium bromide solution 39 ′ from the mHg absorber 41 to the regenerator 36 of 680 to 700 mmHg.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 12 "denotes a discharge port, 17 'denotes a return spring seat, and other parts having the same reference numerals are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this case, the respective absorbers 39 and regenerators 36 are provided. The ratio of the inner vacuum pressure is about 1: 100, but all are below the atmospheric pressure, and the specific gravity of the lithium bromide solution 39 'is 1.7.
Then, this is multiplied by 1000 m / m of the discharge head, and the pressure difference is assumed to be approximately 1 atm. When the pump in FIG. 3 has the same discharge flow rate as the pumps in FIGS.
The discharge pressure is approximately 2 kgf / cm ^2, that is, about 0.2MP.
a is required. Therefore, in the pump shown in FIG. 3, the discharge plunger 47 for outputting the required discharge flow rate is fitted to the discharge cylinder 46 provided integrally with the return spring seat 17 ', and is connected to the electromagnetic plunger 1 in tandem. In addition, both are configured to be pressed and supported between the return spring 7 and the auxiliary spring 8 so as to be interlocked.

In the electromagnetic plunger 1, a flow-in check valve similar to the flow-in check valve shown in FIGS. Its operation is the same as before. The diameter of the discharge plunger 47 is sufficient to obtain the required discharge force and discharge amount, and the design specifications such as the dimensions and shape of the electromagnetic plunger 1 take into consideration the electromagnetic coil 4 and the energizing current to it. To determine. In other words, in short, the diameter ratio of the electromagnetic plunger 1 to the discharge plunger 47 is largely changed, and the ampere-turn of the electromagnetic coil 4 is increased to the required magnetic force. The output of the pump is increased by strengthening it according to the magnetic force.

In the case of FIG. 3, a check valve is also provided on the discharge joint 11 side so that the check valve is sufficiently opened only when the pump discharges, and is closed otherwise. This is shown in Table 1 below. Referring to the result of No. 9, the ejection effect is sufficient.

The above-described electromagnetic pump provided with the inflow-permitting check valve of the present invention can circulate the refrigerant liquid or the like in a highly vacuum environment such as an absorption cooler. In addition, the fact that the diameter of the electromagnetic plunger 1 is much larger than that of the discharge plunger 47 means that the ratio of the volume change between the discharge cylinder 46 and the cylinder 19 is also the ratio of its square, and is smaller than the discharge amount. This aids the inflow action of the pump, since a much greater inflow can be introduced into the cylinders 47,19. A leakage path is provided in the electromagnetic plunger 1 from the storage portion of the return spring 7 of the cylinder 19 to the inflow side.

In any of the above cases, the pressure of the vacuum level on the inflow side of the pump is particularly low, so that water is easily vaporized, and as shown in the relationship diagram of the saturation pressure with respect to the temperature in FIG. Partly, some cavitation of the pump is inevitable, but by suppressing this to the utmost, flow fluctuations due to the cavitation, vibration and noise,
Particularly, the generation of so-called unpleasant sounds below the prescribed noise level, which is most disliked in general-purpose home and small business air conditioning equipment, is extremely low.

The load of the valve spring 23 "for pressing the valve body 21 of the check valve 20 shown in FIG. 4 against the valve seat 22 shown in FIG. 4 is set to 20 grams under the atmospheric pressure. When the pump is relatively higher than the pump, it is necessary to prevent water from leaking from the discharge side when the pump is stopped. When the suction head is negative, when the pump is stopped, the water level in the suction side pipe drops and becomes empty, so that it is necessary to prevent the liquid from being taken for a long time to be restarted.

Therefore, in the case of the present application, such a load of the pressing spring is unnecessary, and the pumping action is disturbed. Next, a description will be given of the progress of an experiment leading to the selection of the inflow-permissible check valve mechanism in the electromagnetic pump of the present invention.

The structure of a conventional check valve mechanism (hereinafter simply referred to as a check valve) 20, whose plan view and longitudinal explanatory view are shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), has been described above. Figure 6
As described with respect to (b) of the inflow-permitting check valve 20 ′, the valve element 21 engaged with the valve seat 22 having the inflow port 25 is described.
Is a valve guide 2 having three columns surrounding the valve body.
4, the valve seat 22 is fitted and fixed, and a valve spring 23 ″ is pressed between the upper portion and the valve body 21 in the view of the valve cylinder guide 24 to close the valve seat 22. 6 differs from the inflow permitting check valve 20 'in that the valve body 21 is pressed and closed by the valve spring 23 "and the stopper 29 is not provided. is there.

The check valve 20 shown in FIG. 4B is different from the check valve 20 "shown in FIG. 7 in the following point. The check valve 20" shown in FIG. Connect the valve body 21 to the valve seat 2
2, the valve spring 23 only holds the valve body 21, has a gap g ₀ between the valve body 21 and the valve seat 22, and has a stopper / spring seat 28. That is the point. The valve spring 23 of the inflow permitting check valve 20 ″ is
In addition to providing a cushioning effect when the valve is opened and closed in synchronization with the reciprocating operation of the electromagnetic plunger 1, it also has the effect of a stopper that prevents repeated reversal when the valve body 21 is opened. Therefore, the valve spring 23 may also be used except for the stopper / spring seat 28.

Check valve 20, inflow permitting check valve 20 ', 2
Each of the 0 ″ valve bodies 21 is made of a fluorine-based synthetic resin and has a specific gravity of 1.
7, the one having a weight of 0.25 g was used, but there was no significant difference in this experiment even with a synthetic rubber having a specific gravity of 1.29 and a weight of 0.19 g.

After assembling the check valve into the electromagnetic plunger, the valve body 21 is made of a tough ceramic material in consideration of the heat resistance when brazing the cylinder to the annular magnetic pole and the annular magnetic path. However, it was proved that it could be used sufficiently. The effective opening diameter of the valve seat 22 is 5.9 m.
m, the cross-sectional area of which is 0.2734 cm ² , which is the same for both the check valve 20 and the inflow permitting check valves 20 ′ and 20 ″. The experiment was conducted with three types of force of 20 g, 10 g, and 0.4 g (the valve seat was in a closed state with almost no pressing force) pressing force on 22 (hereinafter referred to as a spring load).

When the spring load of the valve spring 23 ″ of the check valve 20 is 20 g, 10 g, and 0.4 g, the forward stop water head limit h _b of the valve in the atmosphere is calculated to be 731. .5, but should as a 365.7,14.6mmAq, h _b were respectively 500,280,0mm in the experiment shown in FIG. 12 (a). This is the valve body 21 the valve seat 22 Since the surfaces of the seating surfaces have sufficient finishing accuracy, the valve spring 2
It is considered that this is caused by the fact that when the 3 "is compressed and the valve body 21 is separated from the valve seat 22, the valve body 21 does not necessarily move at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the valve but opens at an angle.

In FIG. 12A, reference numeral 20 denotes a check valve,
21 valve, 22 is a valve seat, 31 denotes a head of a transparent U-shaped tube, h _b is the limit water level 32 'water cutoff capability and the valve seat 22. Introduction While duckbill check valve of FIG. 5 described later synthetic natural rubber other synthetic rubber as waterproofing ability limit water level 32 'in the case of FIG. 12 that experiment (b), the head h _b' respectively 45 mm, It was 50 mm. Here, 27 is a duckbill check valve, 26 'is an outlet, and 31 is a transparent U-shaped tube.

In the experiment on Table 1 described below, the check valve 20, that is, the valve spring 23 ″
However, in the case of the present invention, neither the valve whose valve seat is pressed and closed nor the duckbill check valve 27 cannot use the pump function of suction and discharge. Also, the duckbill check valve is easily damaged and the durability is not very good.

Although not described in the experimental examples in Table 1,
Synthetic rubber elastic reed valves have also been used,
There was no effect in the case of the present invention. Table 1, in the marks of the inflow head h _s = + 200 mm discharge head h _d = + 1000 mm pump MP of experiments under the conditions of vacuum sets 18-19 Torr by experimental apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 11, the degree of vacuum 18-1
9 Torr (18 to 10 mmHg) is shown in FIG.
In the household absorption type air conditioner shown in FIG. 5, which is a main use of the present invention, room air at about 27 ° C. is drawn into a heat exchanger through a passage opened through a main part of an outer wall to evaporate refrigerant water in an evaporator 38. The cooling pressure is exchanged with the cold heat at the time of vaporization, and the saturated pressure around the average value of about 21 ° C. from the point where the cold air of about 15 ° C. is sent into the room by the fan is considered in the diagram of FIG. It is the result of an experiment in a similar indoor environment.

The power supply used is a commercial AC power supply of 100 V, 50 and 60 Hz, which is half-wave rectified. The electromagnetic coil 4 has a wire diameter φ0.35 m / m and a number of turns of 2450T and 2200T, for example. did. The noise was measured not in an anechoic room but in a practical environment, that is, a room in a residential area at night.
B (A), the measurement was performed at a horizontal distance of 1 m from the pump.

According to the experiment shown in Table 1, the experiment No. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the valve spring loads 10 and 20 grams of the check valve 20 and the duckbill type cannot discharge even if they are incorporated into the electromagnetic plunger irrespective of whether or not they are incorporated in the discharge joint side. is there. Experiment No. 8 is also the same.

Experiment No. No check valve is installed on the discharge joint side of No. 7 and the check valve 20 with a valve spring load of 0.4 g incorporated in the electromagnetic plunger has a very low resistance to liquid inflow, and the check valve 20 permits inflow. is a g _o ≒ 0 in ", the flow discharge flow rate by the resistance and large change decreases, cavitation and noise is relatively large, it is harsh.

Experiment No. Reference numeral 9 denotes a discharge fitting side and an electromagnetic plunger in which a flow-permitting check valve valve 20 ″ having a g _o ≒ 1.3 mm is incorporated.
o. 10 and no. Slightly inferior to 13. As a result, the check valve on the discharge connection side, which causes a flow resistance even if it is very small, is unnecessary and is useless.

Experiment No. No. 11, the spring load of the check valve 20 was incorporated into the electromagnetic plunger No. 11 and the inflow connection side of the check valve 20 ″ with a go _{o of about} 1.3 mm was not dischargeable. g _o ≒ of the inflow allowable check valve 20 "and the inlet tangent hand side .12 electromagnetic plunger
The ones each incorporating 1.3 mm have a variation in the discharge flow rate, and the cavitation and noise are somewhat large.

Experiment No. 10 and no. Numeral 13 is an electromagnetic plunger in which only the inflow-permissible check valve 20 ″ having a g ₀ ≒ 1.3 mm is incorporated, and the discharge performance is stable and the flow rate is satisfied. Cavitation is performed under this high vacuum environment. Although the noise cannot be avoided, the noise tends to be considerably reduced and its fluctuation is extremely small.When the noise is incorporated in the outdoor unit of the absorption type gas cooler, the noise can be cut off by the soundproofing device, so that there is no practical difference. Absent.

Since the electromagnetic plunger sandwiched between the return spring and the auxiliary spring is a so-called free piston,
When gas such as compressible vapor is mixed into the liquid in the cylinder, the flow resistance in the cylinder decreases and the stroke length of the electromagnetic plunger increases, resulting in increased vibration and noise, which further increases the adverse effects of cavitation. Let it.
Also in this case, if an accumulator is provided on the discharge side of the pump, for example, on the downstream side of the discharge joint or in the vicinity thereof, the vibration and noise due to the cavitation and the like can be further reduced by its accumulation action and pulsation smoothing action. .

Rather, the noise generated by the blower is higher and larger. Most of the noise generated by the electromagnetic pump MP is caused by the occurrence of the cavitation,
In the case of operation in the atmosphere, it is halved.

As a result of the experiment shown in Table 1, the refrigerant water pump 4
Since the electromagnetic pump MP as 0 does not need to incorporate a check valve on the discharge joint side and the inflow joint side, 3, 3 'of FIG. It is economical because the discharge joint can be shortened.

Table 2 shows the results of Experiment No. 1 in Table 1. 10 shows changes in discharge flow rate and power consumption at 100 V, 50 and 60 Hz, respectively, when the inflow water head h _S is converted from +250 to 600 mm by 10 electromagnetic pumps.

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082]

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086]

[0087]

[0088]

The results shown in Table 3 are shown in Experiment No. 1 in Table 1. 10
In order to make the energizing current to the electromagnetic coil 4 into a DC rectangular wave intermittent pulse current with the same configuration as that described above, the wire diameter and the number of turns of the winding were converted to, for example, φ0.25 m / m, 5000T, and the results of an experiment were performed. is there. The purpose of this is to reduce the noise including the cavitation and the unpleasant sound. This is an attempt to incorporate the above oscillation circuit.

In the case of Table 3, the frequency is 25 Hz and the period is 40
Degree of vacuum 18T when energizing time during ms is 16ms
The measured power consumption and discharge flow rate at orr and atmospheric pressure.

Also in this experiment, cavitation still occurs, and the flow rate also decreases. Next, what is shown in Table 4 is the power consumption, discharge flow rate when the frequency conversion and the energizing period in the cycle are converted to the electromagnetic pump MP in the case of Table 3,
The noise was measured. According to this, the power consumption was reduced, but the discharge flow rate was increased. Although the cavitation is very small for the above-mentioned reason, it has become practically practical with almost no change in discharge flow rate and no noise. The experimental conditions are the same as those in Table 1 together with Table 3 except for the change in the energizing current to the electromagnetic coil 4.

In Tables 3 and 4, a current of 10 m. 16m for Sec. The fact that the discharge flow rate increases despite the lower power consumption than in the case of Sec means that the amount of the refrigerant water flowing into the cylinder 19 through the inflow permitting check valve 20 ″ for the longer non-energized time is reduced. Probably because there are many.

As described above, the number of turns is changed within the range where the temperature rise due to the resistance of the electromagnetic coil 4 allows the ampere-turn to be adjusted, and if necessary, the dimensions such as the diameter and length are changed and returned. By changing the design specifications of the spring 7 and the auxiliary spring 8, means for matching the combined spring and magnetic force (see the description of Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-12863) and the intermittent pulse current for energizing the electromagnetic coil 4 are provided. By adding a method such as conversion, the discharge performance of the pump can be controlled to a desired value.

Regarding the control circuit of the intermittent pulse current energized to the electromagnetic coil 4, regarding the control of the frequency and the energizing time (duty ratio) during the cycle, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-39430 proposed by the applicants of the present application, Kosho 59-41377
No., JP-B-56-38796 and JP-B-57-12
It is possible by the technology disclosed in each of the publications of No. 865 and the like. Further, in the cooling device, when the indoor temperature rises or when the cooling temperature is desired to be lowered, it is sufficient to increase the flow rate of the coolant water and increase the evaporation amount thereof.
In that case, adjustment of the amount of coolant water necessary for cooling can be made by modifying the technique with reference to the technique disclosed in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-12864.

That is, in this technique, when the temperature falls,
This is a control circuit for increasing the flow rate of the electromagnetic pump including a bridge circuit incorporating a thermistor having a so-called reverse characteristic in which the electric resistance of the thermistor TH for detecting the temperature increases. Therefore,
In the case of the present invention, if the temperature rises, the amount of the refrigerant water is increased, so the opposite is true.Instead of the thermistor, a temperature-electrical resistance uses a positive characteristic posistor,
The intended purpose can be achieved by adding a circuit for inverting the characteristics by a thermistor having the opposite characteristics.

It is obvious that the control circuit of the above-described electromagnetic pump is not limited to this, but can be provided for the intended use by selecting a resistor, a capacitor, other semiconductor elements, an integrated circuit and the like.

As described above, the flow rate of the electromagnetic pump is controlled manually and / or automatically, whereby the cooling capacity of the cooler can be steplessly proportionally controlled. Next, the inflow permitting check valve 20 'shown in FIG. 6 was restricted by the stopper 29 so that the opening of the valve body 21 from the valve seat 22, that is, the lift was 1.5 mm. This lift g _o 'is mentioned in the description of the description of the action

[Outside 3] It is determined from. However, in the inflow allowable check valve 20 "in FIG. 7 described above, although with the exception of the stopper and the washer 28, and conducted experiments in Table 1 in g _o ≒ 1.3 mm. This is because, as described above The valve spring 23 has a cushioning effect when the valve is opened and closed, and the seating surface of the valve element 21 is opened at a slight inclination rather than at a right angle with respect to the longitudinal axis, so that the valve opening substantially corresponds to a lift of 1.5 mm. This is because it is considered that the passage area is retained as described above, and the experimental results shown in Table 1 demonstrate that there is no significant difference between the inflow permitting check valves 20 ″ and 20 ′.

If the lift of the valve is excessive, the shutoff efficiency of the valve decreases.

[0099]

[Table 1]

[0100]

[Table 2]

[0101]

[Table 3]

[0102]

[Table 4]

[0103]

As described above, the electromagnetic pump for liquid circulation in a high vacuum environment having the structure according to the present invention has the following effects for the reasons described in the description of the above embodiment.

(A) Non-displacement pumps such as conventional canned motor pumps, which are pumps circulating by suction and delivery in a highly vacuum environment such as refrigerant water containing an absorption liquid diluted with water in an absorption type gas cooler Is replaced with a much smaller displacement type electromagnetic pump, and the conventional inflow plus head is greatly reduced to, for example, about one-third. At the same time, the installation space is reduced,
It has made possible the realization of ultra-small gas cooling equipment for home use that has long been desired.

(B) The above-described electromagnetic pump of the present invention, in which the pumping function of suction and discharge was impossible in a high vacuum environment in the prior art, was changed to a check valve built in an electromagnetic plunger. By improving the present invention by adding the creativity described in claim 1, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the above item (a). That is, the inflow-permitted check valve according to the present invention is
During the discharge stroke of a pump that applies an intermittent pulse current to the
The magnetic attraction generated there causes the valve body of the check valve to become a valve seat
It is configured to be adsorbed on and closed. did
As a result, the valve is placed on the valve seat due to its own weight.
Forced by magnetic attraction compared to other types of check valves
Quickly and reliably closes the valve body,
No leakage and good discharge efficiency. And the above intermittent pulse power
During non-conduction during the flow cycle, the valve element is actuated by the repulsive force of the spring.
Forcefully open the valve seat to provide fluid flow resistance.
And facilitates the inflow, improving the suction efficiency
Improve ability to go out. (c) the period of the intermittent pulse current energizing the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic pump and / or the conduction time during the period, that is, the duty ratio is appropriately selected or adjusted, or the voltage is varied, and a desired, for example, refrigerant By adjusting the flow rate of water and adjusting the amount of heat of vaporization at the time of evaporation, the cooling capacity of the air conditioner can be changed to control the temperature.

(D) Further, by combining a room temperature detecting element with the intermittent pulse current control circuit of the electromagnetic coil and adjusting the flow rate of the coolant water, automatic and stepless room temperature proportional control can be performed.

(E) Further, by controlling the intermittent pulse current to the electromagnetic coil, the noise of the pump can be controlled. (f) Electromagnetic pumps have conventionally been used for heating oil supply and spraying of fuel oil for heating equipment and boilers, and for spraying humidifying water and disinfectant, and have a history of more than 30 years, and have high durability and reliability. Even in the case of long-term continuous operation or restarting after a suspension period, there is a record of extremely few failures in all parts as a whole, that is, for example, there are cases of continuous use for more than 10,000 hours or no failure for 10 years, and the quality reliability is extremely high It is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electromagnetic pump having an electromagnetic plunger having a built-in check valve according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electromagnetic pump in which the inflow joint is an L-shaped joint and the electromagnetic plunger incorporates a prior art inflow permitting check valve.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electromagnetic pump having a discharge plunger connected to an electromagnetic plunger having a built-in check valve according to the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a plan view of a conventional check valve, and FIG.
(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the check valve.

FIG. 5 (a) is a perspective view of another conventional check valve,
(B) is a longitudinal sectional view of the check valve of (a) of FIG.

FIG. 6 (a) is a prior art incorporated in an electromagnetic plunger.
Perspective view of an example inlet allowable check valve is a longitudinal sectional view of the inlet allowable check valve (b) is in FIG. 6 (a).

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of another example of a prior art inflow permitting check valve incorporated in an electromagnetic plunger.
It has been reversed.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the inflow-permitting check valve according to the present invention provided at the upper end of the electromagnetic plunger.

FIG. 9 shows a form of an energizing current to the electromagnetic coil, and (a)
Is a current obtained by half-wave rectification of a commercial AC power supply, (b) and (c) are currents obtained by converting the frequency of a DC rectangular wave current, and (d) is a current shown in FIG.
(C) shows the conduction period, that is, the form of the current obtained by converting the duty ratio in the same cycle.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant water and the saturation pressure.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus used to operate an electromagnetic pump according to the present invention in a highly vacuum environment.

FIG. 12 is an experimental apparatus for obtaining the limit of the water stoppage head in the atmosphere of a conventional check valve, where (a) is (a) and (b) of FIG.
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing the U-shaped pipe to which the check valve shown in FIG. 5 is attached, and FIG. 5B is a U-shaped pipe to which the check valve shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is attached.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cooling system of a water-lithium absorption cooler, which is an example of an absorption cooler.

FIG. 14 is a partial schematic view showing a case where an electromagnetic pump is directly connected to an evaporator as a refrigerant water pump as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between room air and cold air when a household absorption air conditioner, which is a main application of the electromagnetic pump of the present invention, is actually mounted.

[Explanation of symbols]

MP electromagnetic pump 1 electromagnetic plunger 4 electromagnetic coil 21 ′ valve 22 ′ valve seat

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiya Okano 3-13-1 Minamisenju, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. Gas Cooling Technology Development Project Department (72) Inventor Masayuki Fujimoto 6 Hinode, Urayasu-shi, Chiba -B-702 (56) References JP-A-48-76102 (JP, A) JP-A-57-87168 (JP, U) JP-A-48-17720 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A flow-through pump displacement type having a magnetic armature that reciprocates by magnetic force generated by biasing the intermittent pulse current to the electromagnetic coil, wherein the inside magnetic armature, including at its rest In the inflow stroke of the return movement, an inflow permit having a valve body configured to allow the liquid to easily flow into the cylinder and to close and reach a predetermined head in the reciprocating pumping and discharging strokes. In a positive displacement once-through pump having a built- in check valve, the inflow-permitting check valve is configured such that the valve body is driven by magnetic attraction generated during a discharge stroke of a pump that energizes an intermittent pulse current to the electromagnetic coil. An electromagnetic pump for circulating liquid in a highly vacuum environment, wherein the electromagnetic pump is configured to be adsorbed on a seat and closed.