JP2735261B2 - Spot type disc brakes for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spot type brake, and more particularly to a brake having a housing having a housing bridge and two parallel support arms arranged at a predetermined distance from each other. A carrier, and a brake lining having a carrier plate and slidably guided in a brake operation direction by the support arm, wherein the brake lining is provided at least when the brake operation force is increased.
In order that the frictional force generated in the brake lining is transmitted to both of the support arms, the brake lining is immovably locked in the circumferential direction and is coupled to the support arm. One of these support arms extends in the direction of braking and is formed with an outwardly opening groove, and the housing is pivoted on a pin by a pin guide. The housing bridge is slidably disposed in a direction, and the housing bridge is related to an automobile spot type brake supported through a carrier plate.

[Prior art and problems to be solved] Such a brake is disclosed in West German Patent Publication No. 2804 808. This conventional brake is a floating caliper spot type disc brake for a vehicle, and has a carrier fixed to a steering knuckle of the vehicle. The brake shoes located on both sides of the brake disk and the caliper straddling the edges of the brake disk and the brake shoes in a U-shape from outside are guided and held slidably in the axial direction.
The carrier is provided with a carrier element in a direction crossing the brake disc. These carrier elements are located at a distance from each other and straddle the edge of the brake disc. On both sides of these carrier elements are formed grooves in which the ends of the brake shoes arranged in a cross direction are guided and supported. The caliper is axially slidably connected to the carrier by a pin guide located on the side of the carrier facing away from the brake disc. Unfortunately,
Before the brake lining is replaced, the two pins must be unthreaded from the carrier and the housing retaining spring must be removed. West German Patent Publication No. 30 09 524 discloses a pin-sliding type disc brake. In this brake, one slide pin is detachable, and when the slide pin is loosened, the caliper swings. A brake lining 3 is supported by the holder 2. Unfortunately, however, there is no brake lining with a hammerhead-shaped projection for transmitting the frictional force generated by the brake lining to the two arms, at least when a larger braking force is applied. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a guide or support for a housing of simple construction and to facilitate service, that is to say to facilitate replacement of the brake lining of such spot-type disc brakes.

[Means for Solving the Problems, Functions and Effects] To achieve this object, a spot-type disc brake according to the present invention comprises a housing having a housing bridge and two parallel support arms arranged at a predetermined distance from each other. A brake carrier having a carrier plate, and a brake lining having a carrier plate and slidably guided in a brake operating direction by the support arm. The brake lining is attached to the brake lining at least when the brake operating force is increased. In order to transmit the generated frictional force to both of the support arms, the support arms are fixedly engaged with the support arm in a circumferentially immovable manner, and the support arms are opened outward on surfaces facing each other. And has a guide to guide the brake lining,
One of these support arms is formed with a groove extending in the brake operation direction and opening outward, and the housing is arranged so as to be axially slidable on a pin screwed to the brake carrier by a pin guide. Wherein the housing bridge is supported through a carrier plate, in particular a spot-type disc brake for motor vehicles, wherein the outer part of the brake lining is outside the swing area of the housing which is swingable about one of the pins. And the housing bridge has a central guide for supporting the housing through a carrier plate.

According to this spot type disc brake, when replacing the brake lining, unscrew the one pin from the brake carrier and remove the one pin from the spot type disc brake. Thereafter, the caliper is rotated about the other pin. Since the outer portion of the brake lining is disposed outside the swinging region of the housing, that is, outside the moving path of the housing when the housing is rotated about the other pin, the caliper is rotated about the other pin. In this case, the brake lining and the caliper do not interfere with each other. Further, since the housing bridge is supported by the carrier plate via the center guide, even when a circumferential force is acting on the brake lining, the housing is suitably supported, and when the brake lining is replaced, The housing can be easily rotated.

Therefore, this spot-type disc brake is formed in a very simple structure, and the brake lining can be replaced very easily by a simple operation.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing has a laterally projecting housing arm having a hole through which a pin is inserted. Because the housing arm projects laterally, the two pins are located far apart. That is, the housing arm defines a swing radius or a turning radius, and as a result, as the distance between the housing arms increases, the swing radius or the turning radius increases. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the outer portions of the housing, the carrier, and the brake lining from interfering with each other.

In a simple embodiment of the invention, a rocking motion is performed around a pin firmly pressed into the carrier. Therefore, extra effects are reduced. For example, it is not necessary to thread a pin, which is the center for swinging motion. At the same time, this pin is allowed to be protected from external influences by a metal protective cap provided on the housing.

In a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, two metal bushes are arranged in a hole in the housing arm between the pin and the arm. Thus, the pin guide for the pivot pin is composed of two metal bushes that are easily and inexpensively manufactured.

In a simpler embodiment, the pins are the same. One pin type is used, which facilitates manufacture and storage of parts.

A seal cap located at the upper end of the pin and a seal sleeve located between the housing arm and the carrier are provided for preventing the pin from being affected by external influences in the upper end area and the area located between the housing arm and the arm carrier. To protect.

In a preferred embodiment, a knob is provided on the brake lining opposite the lining of the carrier plate, the knob serving to support the housing bridge on the brake carrier arm above the brake lining.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the carrier plate of the brake lining is formed with trapezoidal or semi-circular projections which engage the grooves of the housing bridge. Thus, the housing bridge is supported on the brake carrier arm via the carrier plate.

In an advantageous embodiment, the piston-side brake lining is fixed by a helical spring. The spiral portion of the spring is inserted into the groove of the piston. Because the helix of the spring engages the groove of the piston, a firm installation of the spring on the piston is achieved, which simplifies the mounting operation.

In another preferred embodiment, a spring is inserted into a recess in the carrier plate, the upper end of which engages a recess in the housing bridge.

Further, a side support surface is provided on the carrier plate of the brake lining. This support surface supports the side of the spring and serves to guide the spring. The spring is not twisted because its upper end region is supported.

[Description of Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment having a housing 2 and a carrier 3.
1 shows a caliper-type spot type disc brake 1. The housing 2 straddles the brake disk 4 in a U-shape, and has a stem 5, a bridge 6, and a section 7. An operating unit having a cylinder 8 and a piston 9 is arranged in this section 7. During braking, the actuating unit presses the brake lining 10 directly against the brake disc 4, while pressing the brake lining 11 indirectly against the brake disc 4 via the housing bridges 5, 6. The brake linings 10 and 11 are provided with carrier plates 12 and 13 and friction linings 14 and 15, respectively. The housing 2 is slidably supported by two pins 16. However, only one pin 16 is shown in FIG. The pin 16 is screwed to the carrier 3. The housing 2 is provided with an arm 17 having a hole 18. A resilient spring element 19 (ie, damper sleeve, bush, pin guide) is located coaxially with the pin 16 in the bore 18 and projects from both sides of the bore 18. The spot type disc brake 1 is located in a wheel having its contour 20.

FIG. 2 shows a disc brake 1 of the spot type,
It is shown together with a swingable housing 2 and a brake carrier 3. The housing 2 can rotate or swing about a pin 16 from a position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2 to an open position indicated by a dotted line along a movement path substantially parallel to the brake disk 4. In the open position indicated by the dotted line, the brake linings 10, 11 can be withdrawn radially outward from the disc brake 1 and replaced with new brake linings. As will be described later, the outer portions of the brake linings 10 and 11 are arranged in a swing area when the housing 2 swings around one pin 16, that is, outside the moving path, and the housing 2 swings. Sometimes it does not collide with this housing 2. The friction surface 21 of the brake disc 4 rotates in the direction of arrow 22 when the vehicle moves forward. On one side of the brake disc 4, the housing 2 is biased by a spring 23 towards the brake carrier 3. Carrier plate 12 for brake lining 10
Is provided with a hook-shaped region 24 having a projection 25 projecting inward in the radial direction. The protrusion 25 is provided in the groove of the carrier 3 located close to the brake disk 4.
Extends into 26. If the vehicle is braked when moving backwards, the carrier plate of the brake lining 10
The surface 27 of the twelve is supported by the surface 28 of the groove 26. In the region 31 of the carrier plate 12, the surfaces 34, 3
Surfaces 32 and 33 abutting on 5 are provided. The carrier plate 13 of the brake lining 11 is provided with two pins 36 (ie, protrusions, knobs). However, only one pin 36 is shown in FIG. 2 because of the cross section.
These two pins 36 serve to support the housing 2 on the carrier 3 via the carrier plate 13 during the braking action. The housing 2 is provided with surfaces 37 and 38 having a predetermined shape that comes into contact with the pins 36. These two pins 36
Are symmetrically positioned on the opposite side of the lining of the carrier plate 13 in the direction of the longitudinal axis. Hook-shaped area 2
Edges 48, belonging to 4, 31 and located on the opposite side of the projection 25,
49 does not protrude radially outward from the center edge 12a of the carrier plate 13, and is disposed on a circumference having substantially the same diameter as the edge 12a. These edges 12a, 48,49
Is formed at the outer upper portion of the carrier plate 12 of the brake lining 10, and does not interfere with the bridge 6 of the housing 2 when the housing 2 is rotated about one of the pins 16, ie, the position of the housing 2. It is arranged outside the moving path that is the swing area. Therefore, each of the upper outer portions of the brake linings 10 and 11 is formed in a shape that allows the housing 2 to rotate or swing about one pin 16. The outer shape formed by the edges 12a, 48, and 49 of the carrier plate 12 is predetermined. Therefore, a center guide is provided at the center of the housing 2 in the circumferential direction.
It is preferable to support with 13.

FIG. 3 shows the spot type disc brake 1 together with the carrier 3. The carrier 3 has two support arms 3 extending axially across the brake disc 4.
Has 9,40. Guides which open outward and guide the brake linings 10 and 11 while holding them are formed on the surfaces 28 and 35 of the support arms 39 and 40 facing each other. The guides of the present embodiment formed on these surfaces 28 and 35 are formed by grooves 26 which open radially outward and extend near the brake disk 4 in the brake operating direction. The brake linings 10, 11 are swingably guided by support arms 39, 40. These brake linings 10,11
These support arms 39, 40 are so arranged that, at least when the brake actuation force increases, the circumferential force formed in the brake lining is transmitted to both support arms 39, 40.
It is connected to the lock 40 by lock engagement so that it cannot move in the circumferential direction. The pin 41, which is the same as the pin 16, is screwed to the arm 41. The housing 2 has a housing arm 17
And another housing arm 40 having a hole 43 is provided. The holes 18,43 are the same size. In the hole 43, between the pin 41 and the support arm 42, two metal bushes, that is, pin guides are housed. This bush swings the pin 41 together with the housing 2 during the braking action. An elastic seal cap 46 is located at the upper end 45 of the pin 41. The seal cap 46 protects the guide from dust and moisture and seals and covers the pin 41. A rubber-shaped seal sleeve 47 is arranged between the arm 42 of the housing 2 and the carrier arm 40 of the carrier 3. The seal sleeve 47 covers the pin 41 between the carrier 3 and the housing 2 as a protection means. The pin 16 is unscrewed from the carrier 3 to open the housing 2. Thereafter, when the spring 23 is removed, the housing 2 is allowed to swing around the pin 41. The pins 16, 41 are housed in the housing arms 17, 42 and the support arms 39, 40. The housing arms 17 and 42 and the support arms 39 and 40 are arranged laterally from the housing 2 at a position where the housing 2 does not interfere with the carrier 3 when the housing 2 is rotated about one pin. It is arranged so as to protrude sufficiently.

FIG. 4 shows a spot-type disc brake 50 having a guide pin 51 firmly pressed into the carrier 3. The arm 52 of the housing 2 is provided with a metal protective cap 53 as a long guide. In this protective cap 53, a pin 51 is located. The rubber-shaped protective sleeve 54 is located between the arm 52 and the carrier 3. The arm 52 of the housing 2 is provided with two holes 55 and 56 having the same center line.
The hole 56 is located in the region of the arm 52 and is shorter than the hole 55. The diameter of the hole 56 is larger than the diameter of the hole 55. The hole 56 serves to accommodate a resin or metal bush 57 surrounding the pin 51. This bush 57 holds a bead 58 of a protective sleeve 54 (ie, boot) adjacent the arm 52. The rest of the disc brake 50 is configured as a spot type disc brake.

FIG. 5 shows a spot type disc brake 50 having a piston spring 59. This piston spring 59 is circular and has a groove 60
Is inserted inside. One stem of this spring 59
62 protrudes from the piston, the end of this stem 62
The brake lining 64 is tightened at 63, and as a result, the brake lining 64 is pressed against the carrier 3. The brake lining 64 is provided with a carrier plate 65 having two trapezoidal projections 66. The projection 66 of the outer brake lining 67 functions to support the housing 68 on the carrier 3 via the carrier plate 69 of the brake lining 67 during a braking operation. The housing bridge is provided as a central guide with two trapezoidal grooves or depressions engaged by protrusions 66.
The projection 66 replaces the pin 36.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the projection 66. Protrusion 66
Are arranged in the central region of the housing bridge 70 of the housing 2. The second projections 66 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis 71 of the cross section, and are not shown.

FIG. 7 shows a third case in which the housing 2 is supported on the carrier 3 via the carrier plate 72 of the brake lining 73.
The solution is shown. In this example, the carrier plate 72 has a semicircular projection 74 (or a crescent-shaped projection).
Are formed. The projection 74 is engaged with an annular groove 75 (ie, a depression) forming a central guide of the housing 2. This projection 74 is also arranged in the central region of the housing bridge 70.

FIG. 8 shows another example in which the brake lining 64 is tightened by the spring 81 so that the brake lining 64 is pressed against the brake carrier. The helical portion 92 of the spring 81 corresponds to the recess 82 of the lining carrier 72.
And the upper end 83 of the spring 81 is engaged with the recess 84, so that the brake lining is tightened.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a spot-type disc brake having a spring 81. FIG. The spiral portion 92 is provided with two circular portions and a connecting web 93 for connecting these circular portions.

FIG. 10 shows a side view of a spot-type disc brake having a spring 81. FIG. The two circular portions 94, 95 are connected to each other by a connecting web 93 and are terminated by a spring end 83.

FIG. 11 shows a spot-type disc brake having two identical pins 16 which are screwed to the support arms 39,40. The two pins 16 are connected to the housing arms 17, 4
It is supported in the same damper sleeve 19 in the two holes 18,43. The damper sleeve 19 is closed by a cap 96.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show the structure of the carrier plate 72 that houses the spring 81. FIG. This spring
81 is supported in a recess 84 of the housing bridge 6,70. The lower portions 85, 86 are integral with the circular portions 94, 95 of the spring 81, are supported on the surfaces 87, 88 of the carrier plate 72, and are located on the side of the U-shaped projection 89. Conveniently, the projections 89 of the carrier plate 72 are formed with wide conical sections 90,91. The wide portions 90, 91 are provided with a support surface 92 for additionally supporting the spring 81. This support surface 92 is parallel to the braking surface of the brake lining.

Second pin 16 supported in rubber sleeve 19
Absorbs the balancing tolerances,
The second pin 16 forms a second guide axis. In the spot type disc brake, processing of the side surface of the housing, which is usually performed,
Omitted. Further, the following effects are achieved.

a) The easily moved caliper guide does not corrode.

b) The costs for processing are reduced.

c) The rigidity of the caliper is increased because the housing bridge is significantly widened (functional effect).

d) The lining area is increased (longer lining replacement period).

e) The anti-lift function of the caliper is
Protected by

f) Due to the special arrangement, the spring 59 which engages the piston recess 60 has a spring end projecting from the piston.
The inner lining carrier 65 is pressed with 63. There is no relative movement between the spring 59 and another customary housing 2. Corrosion, residual torque and diagonal wear are avoided.

g) For replacement of the lining, only the pin 16 screwed to the carrier 3 needs to be unscrewed. Housing 2
Are rotated about the axis of rotation of the press-fit pins 44, 51 and are opened, resulting in a complete outward shift. The caliper is maintained as a unit (service effect) and the greased support bearings 53, 55 are not opened.

Furthermore, a spring 59 mounted in the piston 61
During the replacement of the lining, its position is maintained and does not hinder the swinging operation of the housing 2. The spring 59 holds the brake lining 64 on the piston side, and prevents rattling while maintaining the ease of movement of the brake lining 64.

h) Since the housing 2 is supported by the central guide in the form of a point in contact with the outer carrier plate 69 at the center thereof,
Even when a circumferential force is acting on the brake lining, the housing can be suitably supported and guided.

At the same time, the housing 2 and the outer carrier plate 69
Form a support point for supporting the biasing force of the housing holding spring 23, so that the machining of the housing / carrier plate support can be omitted.

i) Carrier plates 12, 13, 69, 72 are provided on both sides.

j) It is advantageous in that an inexpensive wire spring 81 is used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a cross-sectional side view of a spot type disc brake, FIG. 2 is a front view including a partial cross section of a spot type disc brake, and FIG. 3 is a partial cross section of a spot type disc brake. FIG. 4 is a plan view including a partial cross section of another spot-type disc brake, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the spot-type disc brake, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the spot-type disc brake. The front view including a partial cross section. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of fixing the carrier plate in the caliper housing;
FIG. 8 is a front view including a partial cross section of a spot type disc brake having a lining holding spring, FIG. 9 is a plan view including a partial cross section of the same spot type disc brake, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a view showing a spot type disc brake having two identical bushes, and FIGS. 12 and 13 are views showing details of a carrier plate having a spring. is there. 1 spot disc brake, 2 housing, 3 carrier, 6 housing bridge, 10, 1
1… Brake lining, 12,13 …… Carrier plate,
16, 41, 51 ... groove, 17 ... arm, 26 ... groove.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Georg Harassi-Binmar Hauptstrasse, 6236 Eschborn, Germany 55 (56) References JP-A-62-141324 (JP, A) (JP, U)

Claims (22)

(57) [Claims] 1. A housing having a housing bridge, a brake carrier having two parallel support arms arranged at a distance from each other, and a carrier plate which is slidable in the direction of braking by the support arms. And a brake lining which is not movable in a circumferential direction so that a frictional force generated in the brake lining is transmitted to both of the support arms at least when the brake operating force is increased. Is coupled to the support arm by lock engagement with the support arm, and the support arm has guides that open outward and guide the brake lining on surfaces facing each other,
One of these support arms is formed with a groove extending in the brake operation direction and opening outward, and the housing is arranged so as to be axially slidable on a pin screwed to the brake carrier by a pin guide. Wherein the housing bridge is supported by a carrier plate, in particular a spot type disc brake for a motor vehicle, wherein the outer part (12a, 48, 4) of the brake lining (10, 11) is provided.
9) is disposed outside a swing area of the housing (2) swinging about one of the pins (16, 41, 51);
A spot type disc brake, characterized in that said housing bridge (6, 70) has a central guide for supporting said housing (2) through a carrier plate. 2. The housing (2) has a laterally projecting housing arm (17, 42, 52), and a hole (17) through which the pin (16, 41, 51) is inserted. 1
8. The spot-type disc brake according to claim 1, wherein (8, 43, 56) is formed. 3. The spot-type disc brake according to claim 1, wherein said pin (51) is formed by a press-fit pin firmly pressed into a brake carrier (3). 4. The housing according to claim 1, wherein said housing is provided with a metal protective cap, and said pin is disposed in said protective cap. The spot-type disc brake according to item 1 above. 5. A spot according to claim 2, wherein a metal bush (44) is arranged between said pin (41) and the housing arm (42) in said hole (43). Type disc brake. 6. The spot type as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pins (16, 41) have the same structure as each other. Disc brake. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein said pins are formed by screw pins screwed into said carrier. Spot type disc brake. 8. A seal cap (46) is attached to said pin (41).
The spot-type disc brake according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spot-type disc brake is disposed at a tip (45) of the disc. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sealing sleeve is arranged between the housing arm and the support arm of the brake carrier. Spot type disc brake described in. 10. A spot-type disc brake according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate (13) is provided with a knob (36) on the side opposite to the lining. . 11. The carrier plate according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate has a trapezoidal projection formed thereon, said projection supporting said central guide. The described spot type disc brake. 12. The carrier plate according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate has a semicircular projection formed thereon, said projection supporting said central guide. Spot type disc brake described in. 13. A method according to claim 1, wherein said central guide has a groove (75) formed in the housing bridge (6, 70) and in which said projection (66, 74) engages. The spot-type disc brake according to any one of the above items. 14. A directly driven brake lining (6).
4) is fixed by a helical spring (59), the helical part of which is inserted into the groove (60) of the piston (61). The spot-type disc brake according to item 1 above. 15. A spring (81) is inserted into the recess (82) of the carrier plate (72), the upper end of which engages the recess (84) of the housing bridge (6, 70). Item 15. The spot type disc brake according to any one of Items 1 to 14. 16. The carrier plate (72) according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate (72) is provided with a contact surface (92) for supporting said spring (81) from the side. Spot type disc brake described in. 17. The brake lining for a spot type disc brake according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate (13) is provided with a knob (36). 18. The carrier plate according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate has a trapezoidal projection.
The brake lining for spot type disc brakes according to any one of the above items. 19. The carrier plate according to claim 1, wherein said carrier plate is formed with a semi-circular projection.
Item 18. The brake lining for a spot type disc brake according to any one of items 18 to 18. 20. The housing (2) includes a press-fit pin (5).
The press-fit pin (51) is longer than the screw-in pin (16, 41), and has a metal protective cap (5).
The spot-type disc brake according to claim 3 or 4, wherein 3) is provided as a long guide for the press-fit pin (51). 21. The carrier plate (12, 13, 72),
21. A hook-shaped part (24, 31) provided on both sides, and a projection (25) engaging with a groove of a support arm of a brake carrier is formed on the hook-shaped part. The spot-type disc brake according to any one of the above items. 22. The carrier plate (12, 13, 72)
22. A hook-shaped part (24, 31) on both sides, the hook-shaped part being formed with a projection (25) for engaging with a groove of a support arm of a brake carrier. The brake lining for spot type disc brakes according to any one of the above items.