JP2725584B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of changing timbre data for controlling generated musical sounds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is an electronic musical instrument in which tone data consisting of a plurality of parameters defining the tone color of a musical tone to be generated is stored in a readable and writable storage circuit, and the tone color data can be changed in accordance with the operation of a setting operator. Among them, there is a particularly inexpensive electronic musical instrument in which the number of setting operators for setting parameter values is reduced to one switch to reduce the cost. In this case, in response to the operation of one switch, the value of the parameter sequentially increases monotonically, and when it reaches the maximum value of the parameter, it returns to the minimum value of the parameter, and the monotonic increase is started again. . Then, when the operation of the switch is stopped when the value of the parameter becomes a desired value, the value is held as it is as the set value of the parameter.

[0003]

However, in the conventional setting using a single switch, there is no way for the operator to know how far the value will increase monotonically and when the value will return to the minimum value. It was very difficult to set the value of that parameter near. That is, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily set each parameter near its maximum value even when setting a value using one switch.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a storage means for storing parameters for controlling characteristics of musical sounds, a musical sound generating means for generating musical sounds based on the values of the parameters stored in the storage means, and a switch. And value changing means for monotonically increasing or decreasing the value of the parameter in response to the operation of the switch; and the value of the parameter is changed by the value changing means to reach the maximum value or the minimum value of the parameter. And inverting means for inverting the direction of the value change by the value changing means from increasing to decreasing or from decreasing to increasing.

[0005]

In the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the value of a parameter for controlling a musical tone monotonously increases or decreases in response to the operation of a switch, but the value of the parameter reaches one of the maximum and minimum boundary values. Instead of the value jumping to the other boundary value and continuing to monotonically increase or decrease, the direction in which the parameter value is changed is reversed from increasing to decreasing or from decreasing to increasing. Therefore, the operator can set the parameter while recognizing the position where the parameter is inverted, so that the value near the boundary value of the parameter can be easily set.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 1, a timer 2, a central processing unit (CPU) 3, a read only memory (ROM) 4, a random access memory (RAM).
5, a panel switch 6, a sound source 7, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 8, a sound system 9, and a bus line 10.

The keyboard 1 has a plurality of keys (keys) for a player to perform a performance operation. The timer 2 counts the system clock under the control of the CPU 3 and supplies an interrupt signal to the CPU 3 at regular intervals. The CPU 3 uses R
RA based on the control program stored in OM4
Control is performed using the various registers and data set in M5, and the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument such as detecting a key operation (key event) of the keyboard 1 and instructing the sound source 7 to generate a musical tone in accordance with the operation. Perform control.

The panel switch 6 includes switches such as a tone color selection switch for selecting a tone color, a parameter selection switch for selecting a parameter, and a value change switch for changing a parameter value. (Not shown) The sound source 7 has a plurality of time division channels, and
The tone waveform data is generated in each time-division channel in accordance with the tone generation instruction from U3, and the mixed waveform data obtained by mixing the waveform data is output to the subsequent DAC 8. The DAC 8 converts the mixed waveform data into an analog signal, and the sound system 9 converts the analog signal into sound.

FIG. 2 shows a main routine of the control program.
FIGS. 3 and 6 to 9 show various event processing routines executed during the panel switch processing of the main routine, and FIG. 4 shows keys executed in response to a keyboard operation during the key processing of the main routine. FIG. 10 shows an event routine corresponding to an interrupt signal of the timer 2. In the following description and each flowchart,
Each register and flag used for control are indicated by the following labels, and each register and flag and their contents are indicated by the same label unless otherwise specified. TC: a register for storing the tone number of the currently selected tone color NN: a register for entering the note number of the operated key in the event processing corresponding to the key operation PN: a parameter indicating a parameter whose current value is to be changed A register for storing the number ST: A state flag indicating whether the value of the parameter increases or decreases according to the operation of the value change switch, and the direction in which the value changes at that time ONF: The value change switch is currently turned on ON flag indicating whether the switch is on or off CNT: Counter register for measuring the time that the value change switch is kept on

When the main routine shown in FIG. 2 is started by turning on the power or the like, first, in step S1, initial settings such as resetting of flags and registers are performed. Next, keyboard processing is performed in step S2, panel switch processing is performed in step S3, and the process returns to step S2. And
Thereafter, the processing of step S2 and step S3 is repeated.

Next, an on-event routine for the tone color selection switch will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The tone switch switches the sound source 7 according to the playing operation of the keyboard 1.
Is a switch for selecting the timbre of the tone generated in step (1). When this routine is started by an ON event of the switch, a timbre number for selecting the timbre is supplied. In the process of step S11, the tone number is
Is detected, the tone color number detected in the subsequent step S12 is stored in the register TC, and this routine ends.

Next, a process of generating a musical tone of the selected tone will be described with reference to a key-on event routine of FIG. This program uses keyboard 1
Is a routine executed when any one of the keys changes from off to on by a performance operation. First, in the first step S21, it is detected which of the plurality of keys has been operated, and the note number indicating the operated key is stored in the register NN. Next step S2
In the second tone assignment, one of the time division channels of the sound source 7 is assigned for tone generation corresponding to the note number in the register NN. In step S23, the timbre data of the currently selected timbre indicated by the timbre number of the register TC and the note number of the register NN are transmitted to the assigned channel. Then, the sound source 7 receives the note-on of the same channel transmitted in the next step S24, and starts generating a musical tone of a tone controlled by the pitch and tone color data corresponding to the previously received NN.

Here, the timbre data transmitted at this time will be described with reference to FIG. The memory map of FIG. 5 shows tone color data for a plurality of tone colors in the RAM 5 of FIG. A set of tone color data corresponding to each tone color number (TC = 1, 2,...) Is stored. FIG. 5 further shows an enlarged view of the tone color data of TC = 2. There are 64 parameters for each tone color data. In the enlarged view, each parameter is displayed in the form of P (i, j) (where i: tone color number, j; parameter number). Here, the parameter number is 6-bit data for designating one of a plurality of parameters. Parameter numbers 0 to 31
Is an on / off or switching of a tone control element, such as selection of a waveform when the sound source 7 is a waveform memory type, on / off of effects such as vibrato and tremolo, and designation of a type of reverberation to be applied. It is the number of the switching type parameter for controlling the selection, and the remaining parameter numbers 32 to 63
Is a numerical value as a control amount of each tone control element, such as each level and rate that defines the shape of the envelope given to the tone, the depth of the effect of vibrato, tremolo, etc., and the coefficient of a digital filter that changes the tone of the tone. Number of type parameter.

Next, the so-called edit processing for changing each parameter of the tone color data will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

FIG. 6 shows an on-event routine executed when a switch (not shown) for designating a parameter number in the panel switch 6 is operated. Step S3
In step S32, the number of the designated parameter is detected. In step S32, the detected number is written in the register PN as the parameter number of the parameter to be changed, and "0" is set as the initial value of the flag ST. End the routine.

FIG. 7 shows an on-event routine of a value change switch for changing the value of a parameter, which is also included in the panel switch 6. According to the operation of this switch, the parameter value of the parameter number PN included in the tone color data of the tone color TC currently selected is changed. In step S41, "1" indicating ON is written to the flag ONF as the state of the value change switch, and a predetermined value is set in the counter register CNT as a waiting time until the start of automatic increase / decrease. Next step S4
In step 2, the value of the parameter is actually changed, and step S
At 43, the sound source 7 is controlled based on the changed parameters, and the on-event routine ends. Step S
The details of the value change subroutine of 42 are shown in FIG.
Is shown in

The value change subroutine of FIG. 8 is a routine for increasing or decreasing the value of the parameter indicated by the register PN by one each time it is executed. First, step S
At 51, it is determined whether the most significant bit of the register PN is '1'. When the most significant bit is '0', the parameter number indicated by the PN is in the range of 0 to 31, and the switching type parameter is selected. on the other hand,
When the most significant bit is “1”, PN indicates a parameter number in the range of 32 to 63, and a numerical parameter is selected.

If it is determined in step S51 that the most significant bit is "0", the process proceeds to step S52. In step S52, the currently selected parameter, that is, the value of P (TC, PN) is incremented by one. In the next step S53, it is determined whether or not the value of the result of the increment has exceeded the maximum value for the parameter. If it is determined that the value has not exceeded the maximum value, the subroutine is terminated as it is. If it is determined that there is, P (TC, PN)
Is set to the minimum value of the parameter, and the processing ends.

If the determination in step S51 is "yes", that is, if P (TC, PN) is a numerical parameter, the process proceeds to step S55. In step S55, the value of the state flag ST is determined. The state flag ST is a flag that controls whether the value of the numerical parameter is increased or decreased in this subroutine, or the direction in which the value is changed.
Is “1” in the decreasing direction.

If ST is "0", the process proceeds to step S56, where the parameter P (TC, P
Increment the value of N). In the next step S57, it is determined whether or not the value has reached the maximum value of the parameter as a result of the increment. If it is determined that the parameter has reached the value ("yes"), the state flag is decreased (ST = '1'), and the subroutine ends. On the other hand, if the determination in step S57 is “no”,
The process ends without changing the flag ST.

If it is determined in step S55 that ST is "1", step S59 is executed, and the parameter P (TC, PN) is decremented. In the next step S501, it is determined whether or not the result of the decrement has reached the minimum value of the parameter. If the result has been reached, ST is set to "0" (step S502). This subroutine is terminated without changing.

After all, in the subroutine of FIG. 8, one-way forward selection is performed for the switching type parameter, and for the numeric type parameter, the maximum value and the minimum value are first set in one direction. After that, the operation of inverting the direction of change when reaching the boundary between the maximum value and the minimum value is repeated, and the numerical value is set by performing bidirectional change.

FIG. 9 shows an off event routine of the value change switch. The on flag ONF is set to "0" at the timing when the switch changes from the on state to the off state (step S61). The current ON / OFF state of the value change switch is stored in the ON flag ONF by the processing in step S41 of FIG. 7 and step S61.

Referring to FIG. 10, a timer interrupt routine executed by CPU 3 each time timer 2 of FIG. 1 generates an interrupt signal will be described. In this routine, when the value change switch is kept on for a certain period of time or longer, processing for automatically increasing or decreasing the value of the parameter is performed. Therefore, when it is determined in the first step S71 that the value change switch is not turned on (ONF = '0'),
This routine ends without performing any processing. If it is determined that the value change switch is on, the process proceeds to step S7
Proceeding to 2, it is determined whether or not the counter register CNT is zero. If CNT is not zero, step S73
Is executed, the value of the register CNT is decremented, and the present interrupt routine is terminated. Since the timer interrupt routine is executed at predetermined intervals, if the value change switch is kept on, CNT becomes zero when step S73 is executed several times. In the next timer interrupt, it is determined in step S72 that CNT is zero,
The value change subroutine of step S74 is executed, and the value of the currently selected parameter, P (TC, PN), is changed. This value change subroutine is common to the routine of step S42 in FIG. 7, and has already been described with reference to FIG. Subsequently, in step S75, the tone generator 7 is controlled based on the value after the change, and in step S76, a waiting time until the next parameter value change timing after the automatic increase / decrease is set in the counter register CNT, and this interrupt routine is ended. .

Summarizing the above, the parameter value of P (TC, PN) is increased or decreased at the timing when the value change switch is first turned on by one turn-on of the value change switch. After the waiting time set in step S41, the first automatic increase / decrease is performed. Subsequently, the automatic increase / decrease is repeatedly performed at intervals of the waiting time set in step S76, and this operation turns off the value increase / decrease switch. Until it continues.

In the process of changing the value at the time of automatic increase / decrease, instead of using the subroutine of FIG. 8 as it is, for example, when the value change switch is continuously turned on once, the state flag ST at that time is shown. Automatic increase or decrease (automatic change) in only one direction may be performed, and the automatic change may be terminated at the boundary between the maximum value and the minimum value.

Even in the case of this embodiment, if the click sound is separately generated by the sound source 7 at the timing when the parameter value reaches the maximum value or the minimum value and the change direction is reversed in the automatic increase and decrease, It becomes clear whether the maximum value or the minimum value has been passed at the timing, and the operability is further improved.

In the present invention, each parameter increases or decreases by one.
Other values, such as 0.1, 2, 5, etc., may be used. Further, the change value may be different for each parameter.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, by operating one switch, first, the parameter value changes in one direction of increasing or decreasing and reaches the boundary between the maximum value and the minimum value. The direction of the change is reversed, and the change is made in the opposite direction according to the operation of the switch. Therefore, the operator can set the parameter while recognizing the position where the parameter is inverted, so that the value near the boundary value of the parameter can be easily set.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing the configuration of a CPU-controlled electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 3 is an on-event routine of a tone color selection switch.

FIG. 4 is an on-event routine of a key switch of a keyboard.

FIG. 5 is a memory map showing a configuration of timbre data.

FIG. 6 is an ON event routine of a parameter selection switch.

FIG. 7 is an ON event routine of a value change switch.

FIG. 8 shows a value update subroutine executed in an ON event routine of a value change switch and a timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 9 shows an off event routine of a value change switch.

FIG. 10 shows a timer interrupt routine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 keyboard, 2 timers, 3 central processing unit (CPU),
4 read-only memory (ROM), 5 random access memory (RAM), 6 panel switch, 7 sound source, 8 digital-analog converter (DAC), 9 sound system, 10 microcomputer bus

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage device for storing parameters for controlling characteristics of a musical tone, a musical tone generating device for generating a musical tone based on a value of a parameter stored in the storage device, a switch, and a switch corresponding to an operation of the switch. Value changing means for monotonously increasing or decreasing the value of the parameter, and detecting that the value of the parameter has changed by the value changing means and the parameter has reached a maximum value or a minimum value. An inversion means for inverting the direction of the value change by the changing means from increasing to decreasing or from decreasing to increasing.