JP2722969B2 - Gas dispersion plate for fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents
Gas dispersion plate for fluidized bed reactorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2722969B2 JP2722969B2 JP4287374A JP28737492A JP2722969B2 JP 2722969 B2 JP2722969 B2 JP 2722969B2 JP 4287374 A JP4287374 A JP 4287374A JP 28737492 A JP28737492 A JP 28737492A JP 2722969 B2 JP2722969 B2 JP 2722969B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dispersion plate
- gas dispersion
- cap
- gas
- holes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/34—Polymerisation in gaseous state
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、エチレン、プロピレン
等のオレフィン類の気相重合に適した流動層型反応器の
ガス分散板に関するものである。また、本発明のガス分
散板は撹拌機付流動層型反応器に使用することもできる
ものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gas dispersion plate of a fluidized bed reactor suitable for gas phase polymerization of olefins such as ethylene and propylene. Further, the gas dispersion plate of the present invention can be used in a fluidized bed reactor equipped with a stirrer.
【0002】なお、本明細書中で記載する「重合」及び
「重合体」とは、それぞれ「単独重合」並びに「共重
合」及び「単独重合体」並びに「共重合体」を含む意味
で用いる。[0002] The terms "polymerization" and "polymer" used in the present specification include "homopolymerization", "copolymerization", "homopolymer" and "copolymer", respectively. .
【0003】[0003]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】近年、
オレフィン重合用の遷移金属触媒の改良により単位遷移
金属あたりのオレフィン重合体の生産能力が飛躍的に向
上し、その結果重合後における触媒除去操作が省略され
るようになった。こうした高活性触媒を用いる時には、
重合後の操作が最も簡単なことから、一般にはオレフィ
ンの重合を気相状態で行う方法が採用されている。かか
る気相重合においては通常、重合を円滑に進めるために
流動層型反応器が多用され、導入管を経て反応器下部よ
り導入したオレフィン若しくはオレフィン含有ガスをガ
ス分散板で均一に分散させて上昇させ、流動層内でオレ
フィン重合体と固体粒子からなる触媒粒子を流動しつつ
重合を行っている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years,
Improvements in transition metal catalysts for olefin polymerization have dramatically improved the production capacity of olefin polymers per unit transition metal, and as a result, the operation of removing the catalyst after polymerization has been omitted. When using such a highly active catalyst,
In general, a method in which olefin is polymerized in a gas phase is employed because the operation after polymerization is the simplest. In such a gas-phase polymerization, a fluidized bed reactor is usually used frequently in order to smoothly carry out the polymerization, and the olefin or olefin-containing gas introduced from the lower portion of the reactor through an introduction pipe is uniformly dispersed by a gas dispersion plate and raised. The polymerization is carried out while flowing the catalyst particles comprising the olefin polymer and the solid particles in the fluidized bed.
【0004】この種の流動層型反応器では、従来よりガ
ス分散板に多孔板が広く利用されているが、孔に重合体
粒子が付着して閉塞を起こすことがあり、この場合重合
装置の長期運転継続が不可能になる。ここで孔径の大き
なものを用いると、上記閉塞の問題はある程度解消され
るが、重合体粒子が孔を通って落下しガス分散板下で壁
に付着したり、又孔と孔の間の距離、即ちピッチが長く
なり孔と孔の間の部分に流動の悪い部分が生じることが
ある。この場合、重合熱の除去が不十分となり、重合体
の塊状化等のトラブルが発生し、運転停止に至る可能性
が高い。こうした問題の改善のために、ガス分散板の孔
の上に各種キャップを取り付けたものが提案されてい
る。例えば、特開昭57-079543 号公報では屋根形キャッ
プ、特開昭58-154702 号公報では三角錘形キャップ、特
開昭58-196205 号公報では仕切壁を利用したキャップ、
特開昭58-201802 号公報ではバブルキャップ、特開昭61
-106608 号公報ではアングルキャップがそれぞれ提案さ
れている。In this type of fluidized bed type reactor, a porous plate has been widely used as a gas dispersion plate, but polymer particles may adhere to pores and cause blockage. Long-term operation continuation becomes impossible. The use of a material having a large pore diameter solves the above-mentioned problem of clogging to some extent, but the polymer particles fall through the pores and adhere to the wall under the gas dispersion plate, or the distance between the pores. That is, the pitch becomes longer, and a portion having poor flow may be formed between the holes. In this case, the removal of the heat of polymerization becomes insufficient, and troubles such as agglomeration of the polymer occur, and there is a high possibility that the operation will be stopped. In order to improve such a problem, there has been proposed a gas dispersion plate in which various caps are mounted on a hole of the gas dispersion plate. For example, JP-A-57-079543 discloses a roof-type cap, JP-A-58-154702 discloses a triangular pyramid-shaped cap, and JP-A-58-196205 discloses a cap using a partition wall.
JP-A-58-201802 discloses a bubble cap and JP-A-61-201802.
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. -106608, angle caps are respectively proposed.
【0005】一方、孔径の大小に係わらず、ガス分散板
直上は、流動不良となりやすい。この場合も、重合体の
塊状化等のトラブルが発生し、運転停止や製品品質悪化
に至る可能性が高い。この問題を解決する方法として、
ガス分散板からのガスの吹き出しに指向性をもたせ、ガ
ス分散板上に旋回するガスの流れを生成させる方法が考
えられた(鞭巌 著『流動層の反応工学』85頁、昭和
58年10月培風館発刊)。この他、特開平01-284509
号公報では、同心円上に水平一方向吹き出しのキャップ
を並べて、また特開平03-157405 号公報では、千鳥型配
置に水平一方向吹き出しの孔を開けた板を一枚またはそ
れ以上組合せた一体構造を有するガス分散板を用いて、
旋回流を生成させる提案がなされている。しかしなが
ら、これらのガス分散板は、重合体粒子の付着・塊発生
等のトラブルを充分に防止することができず、良好な流
動状態を保つには満足できるものではなかった。On the other hand, irrespective of the size of the hole diameter, the flow immediately above the gas dispersion plate is liable to cause poor flow. Also in this case, troubles such as agglomeration of the polymer occur, and there is a high possibility that the operation is stopped or the product quality is deteriorated. To solve this problem,
A method was considered in which the gas blowing from the gas distribution plate was given a directivity to generate a swirling gas flow on the gas distribution plate (Tetsuo, "Reaction Engineering of Fluidized Bed", page 85, October 1983) Published by Tsuki Baifukan). In addition, JP-A-01-284509
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-157405, an integrated structure in which one or more plates in which a horizontal unidirectional blowout hole is perforated in a staggered arrangement is combined or more is disclosed. Using a gas dispersion plate having
Proposals have been made to generate a swirling flow. However, these gas dispersion plates cannot sufficiently prevent troubles such as adhesion of polymer particles and generation of lumps, and are not satisfactory for maintaining a good fluid state.
【0006】また一般に、商業運転規模の大型反応器で
は、ガス分散板は数十トンの重合体粒子の重量を支えな
ければならず、ガス分散板下に支持構造物が必要となる
が、これらのガス分散板では孔が不規則に配置されてい
るため、単純な構造の、例えば格子状の支持構造物では
いずれかの孔がその構造物のため塞がれてしまう。した
がって、おのずと複雑な構造、例えば同心円状の支持構
造物を用いざるを得ないという不都合を有する。In general, in a large-scale reactor on a commercial operation scale, the gas dispersion plate must support the weight of tens of tons of polymer particles, and a supporting structure is required under the gas dispersion plate. In the gas dispersion plate described above, the holes are irregularly arranged, and therefore, in a simple structure, for example, a lattice-shaped support structure, any one of the holes is closed by the structure. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that a complicated structure, for example, a concentric support structure must be used.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】かかる事情に鑑み、本発
明者らは、重合体粒子の付着・塊発生等のトラブルを防
止し、良好な流動状態を保つためのガス分散板について
鋭意検討した結果、孔を特定の配置とし、また該孔の上
に配設するキャップの方向を特定の方向とすることによ
って課題を解決するガス分散板を見出し、さらに種々の
検討を加えて本発明を完成させた。In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have intensively studied a gas dispersion plate for preventing troubles such as adhesion of polymer particles and generation of lumps and maintaining a good fluidized state. As a result, the present inventors have found a gas distribution plate that solves the problem by setting the holes in a specific arrangement and setting the direction of the cap disposed on the holes to a specific direction, and completing the present invention by further various studies. I let it.
【0008】すなわち、本発明は、流動層型反応器のガ
ス分散板において、多数の孔を正方形配列に配置し、ガ
スが分散板に沿って水平方向へ吹き出すようにした外形
が流線型であるキャップを該孔の上に配設し、該方向が
実質的に流動層の旋回方向であり、しかも孔(10、2
0、30及び40)で形成される最小の正方形におい
て、該方向は該キャップが配設された孔(10)の対角
線上の孔(30)とその他の孔(20または40)のほ
ぼ中間点(XまたはY)の向きにあると共に、反応器断
面と同心円をなす円周の接線とのなす角度の小さい方を
選択し、さらに、最外周の孔は反応器内壁近傍にあっ
て、反応器断面と同心円を成す円周上にあり、その上に
上記と同様のキャップをガスが当該円周の接線方向より
外側に吹き出すように配設してなることを特徴とする流
動層型反応器のガス分散板を提供するものである。That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a gas dispersion plate for a fluidized bed reactor, wherein a large number of holes are arranged in a square array, and the gas is blown out in a horizontal direction along the dispersion plate. Is disposed above the hole, and the direction is substantially the swirling direction of the fluidized bed, and the holes (10, 2,
0, 30 and 40), the direction is approximately the midpoint between the hole (30) on the diagonal of the hole (10) in which the cap is located and the other hole (20 or 40). In the direction of (X or Y), the smaller angle between the tangent of the circumference and the concentric circle with the cross section of the reactor is selected, and the outermost hole is near the inner wall of the reactor. A fluidized bed reactor characterized in that it is on a circle concentric with the cross section, and a cap similar to that described above is arranged on the circumference so that the gas blows out from the tangential direction of the circumference. A gas distribution plate is provided.
【0009】以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。本発明
のガス分散板は、反応器内壁近傍部を除いて正方形配列
に多数の孔が配置される。この場合の孔と孔の間の距
離、つまりピッチは分散板の開口比、即ち反応器の全面
積に対する孔の開口部の総面積またはキャップの開口部
の総面積の小さい方の面積との割合、及び上記孔の開口
部の面積またはキャップの開口部の面積の小さい方の面
積より決定される。開口比は層半径方向の均一流動化を
保持するため分散板の所要圧力損失が全圧力損失の4割
程度になるように設計されるのが好ましい。また、孔径
は重合体粒子平均径の5倍未満ではガス分散板の閉塞が
懸念されため、重合体粒子平均径の5倍以上に設計され
るのが好ましい。一方、ピッチが長すぎると孔の間に流
動不良部が形成されるので、できるだけ短かくすること
が望ましい。したがって、開口比は、通常0.5〜10
%とし、孔の直径は5〜30mm、孔のピッチは15〜
400mmの範囲である。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically. In the gas dispersion plate of the present invention, a large number of holes are arranged in a square array except for a portion near the inner wall of the reactor. In this case, the distance between the holes, that is, the pitch, is the opening ratio of the dispersion plate, that is, the total area of the opening of the hole to the total area of the reactor or the opening of the cap.
The ratio of the total area to the smaller area and the opening of the hole
Face with the smaller area of the part or the area of the opening of the cap
Determined by the product . The opening ratio is preferably designed so that the required pressure loss of the dispersion plate is about 40% of the total pressure loss in order to maintain uniform fluidization in the layer radial direction. If the pore size is less than 5 times the average particle size of the polymer particles, the gas dispersion plate may be clogged. Therefore, the pore size is preferably designed to be 5 times or more the average particle size of the polymer particles. On the other hand, if the pitch is too long, a poor flow portion is formed between the holes, so it is desirable to make the pitch as short as possible. Therefore, the aperture ratio is usually 0.5 to 10
%, The hole diameter is 5 to 30 mm, and the hole pitch is 15 to
The range is 400 mm.
【0010】図1〜3は、それぞれ本発明で用いるキャ
ップの一具体例を示す図面であり、そのaはキャップの
平面図、bはその側面図及びcはその立面図を表わす。
図1において、孔1の上に取り付けるキャップ2は、ガ
スの旋回流を阻害しないよう、又キャップ上流で滞留部
を生成しないよう図1aまたはbに示すように外形が流
線型のキャップであって、図1cに示すように開口部3
の外形線が、例えば半円形を成し、ガスが水平一方向か
ら吹き出す構造を有する。この場合、開口部の外形線が
偏平な三角形または四角形でもよい。図2及び3に示す
ように、キャップは、いわゆるボートの前半分をひっく
り返したような流線型をしていてもよい。外形が流線型
のキャップは、図1〜3に示したものに限定されるもの
ではない。このような構造のキャップを有する孔であれ
ば、従来の多孔板に比べてガス分散板下部への重合体粒
子の落下の問題はない。このキャップを、例えば分散板
上円周方向の特定方向に向けて配置することにより、流
動化時にガス分散板上に円周方向のガスの流れ、すなわ
ち旋回流ができる。この旋回流により、流動層全体、特
に層底部における流動・混合が良好なものになる。又多
少の塊が生成したとしてもその遠心力により塊をガス分
散板外周部に速やかに移動、旋回させ、塊が大きく成長
しないうちに系外へ排出させることができる。FIGS. 1 to 3 each show a specific example of a cap used in the present invention, wherein a is a plan view of the cap, b is a side view thereof, and c is an elevation view thereof.
In FIG. 1, a cap 2 mounted on the hole 1 is a streamlined cap as shown in FIG. 1 a or b so as not to hinder the swirling flow of the gas and not to generate a stagnation portion upstream of the cap. Opening 3 as shown in FIG.
Has, for example, a semicircular shape, and has a structure in which gas is blown out from one horizontal direction. In this case, the outline of the opening may be a flat triangle or square. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cap may be streamlined, such as the so-called front half of a boat turned upside down. The cap having a streamlined outer shape is not limited to those shown in FIGS. With a hole having a cap having such a structure, there is no problem of polymer particles falling to the lower part of the gas dispersion plate as compared with a conventional perforated plate. By arranging the cap in a specific direction in the circumferential direction on the dispersion plate, for example, a gas flow in the circumferential direction on the gas dispersion plate, that is, a swirling flow, can be generated during fluidization. Due to this swirling flow, the flow / mixing of the entire fluidized bed, particularly at the bottom of the fluidized bed, becomes good. Even if some lump is generated, the lump can be quickly moved and swirled to the outer peripheral portion of the gas dispersion plate by the centrifugal force, and can be discharged out of the system before the lump grows large.
【0011】このキャップは、その孔から吹き出たガス
が最近接する対角線上の孔と、前記孔とから構成される
最小の正方形の一辺であって、前記対角線上の孔を端部
とする一辺のほぼ中間部分を通過するように向けて配設
される。すなわち、キャップの配置は、図4に示すいず
れかの配置を指すものである。図4は、最小の正方形に
配列された孔に、aおよびbに示す二通りの方向に好ま
しい角度で配設されたキャップの平面図である。つま
り、図4において孔10の上部に設けたキャップ2の開
口部3の方向、すなわちガス吹き出し方向は、孔30と
孔20のほぼ中間点(X)、または孔30と孔40のほ
ぼ中間点(Y)が挙げられる。キャップを配設する角度
θは、孔10と孔30を結ぶ対角線に対し10〜30
゜、好ましくは15〜25゜である。ここで角度θを1
0〜30゜とした場合、孔10から吹き出したガスは、
下流に位置する孔30と孔20もしくは孔30と40の
ほぼ中間点(XもしくはY)を通過する。ただし、本発
明のガス分散板は、旋回流を発生させるために、さらに
キャップのガス吹き出し方向は、図5に示すように、最
小の正方形に配列された孔10を通り反応器断面と同心
円を成す円周4の接線と、キャップ2の開口部3、すな
わちガスの吹き出し方向との成す角度θ' が小さい方を
選択すればよい。図5は、図4において孔を通る円周の
接線とキャップの吹き出し方向とのなす角度θ' が小さ
い方を選択したキャップの平面図である。そして、各孔
から流れるガスは、実質的に流動層の旋回方向、例えば
右旋回方向または左旋回方向に吹き出され、その結果、
全体として旋回流を発生させる。This cap is one side of the smallest square composed of the diagonal hole to which the gas blown out from the hole comes closest and the above-mentioned hole, and one side having the diagonal hole as an end. It is disposed so as to pass substantially through the middle portion. That is, the arrangement of the cap indicates one of the arrangements shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of caps arranged in holes arranged in the smallest square at preferred angles in two directions shown in a and b. That is, in FIG. 4, the direction of the opening 3 of the cap 2 provided above the hole 10, that is, the gas blowing direction is substantially the midpoint (X) between the hole 30 and the hole 20 or the substantially midpoint between the hole 30 and the hole 40. (Y). The angle θ at which the cap is disposed is 10 to 30 with respect to a diagonal line connecting the hole 10 and the hole 30.
゜, preferably 15 to 25 。. Here, the angle θ is 1
In the case of 0 to 30 °, the gas blown out from the hole 10 is
It passes through a hole 30 and a hole 20 located downstream or a substantially intermediate point (X or Y) between the holes 30 and 40. However, in the gas dispersion plate of the present invention, in order to generate a swirling flow, the gas blowing direction of the cap further passes through the holes 10 arranged in the smallest square as shown in FIG. The smaller the angle θ ′ formed between the tangent of the circumference 4 to be formed and the opening 3 of the cap 2, that is, the direction in which the gas is blown out, may be selected. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the cap in which the smaller angle θ ′ between the tangent of the circumference passing through the hole and the blowing direction of the cap in FIG. 4 is selected. Then, the gas flowing from each hole is substantially blown out in the swirling direction of the fluidized bed, for example, the right turning direction or the left turning direction, and as a result,
A swirling flow is generated as a whole.
【0012】分散板へのキャップの取り付けは、分散板
上に発生する旋回流の阻害物とならない方法であれば特
に限定されるものではないが、例えば溶接やビス等で行
うことができ、中でも溶接が好ましい。The attachment of the cap to the dispersion plate is not particularly limited as long as the method does not hinder the swirling flow generated on the dispersion plate. For example, welding and screwing can be used. Welding is preferred.
【0013】また、本発明のガス分散板は、反応器内壁
に近いガス分散板外周部に新たに孔が円周上に配置され
るとともに、ガスが円周接線方向より外側に吹き出すよ
うに上記と同様のキャップが配設される。その結果、ガ
スが内壁面に付着する粒子を洗い流し、且つ層底部内壁
面近傍の流動・混合を促進することができる。孔の直
径、孔の間隔及び孔と内壁面間の距離は、特に制限され
るものではなく、上記効果が得られるものであればよ
い。例えば孔の直径、孔の間隔及び孔と内壁面間の距離
は、上記正方形配列の孔の直径、ピッチと同程度、例え
ば孔の直径が5〜30mm、孔間隔及び孔と内壁面間の
距離が15〜400mmである。また、好ましくはキャ
ップの吹き出し方向(角度θ”、図6a)は、上記正方
形配列の孔から吹き出したガスによる旋回流に沿うよう
同一旋回方向に向け、且つ円周接線方向に対し外側に2
0〜70゜の角度を有すればよい。In the gas dispersion plate of the present invention, a hole is newly arranged on the outer periphery of the gas dispersion plate close to the inner wall of the reactor, and the gas is blown outward from the circumferential tangential direction. The same cap as that described above is provided. As a result, the gas can wash away particles adhering to the inner wall surface and promote flow and mixing near the inner wall surface at the bottom of the layer. The diameter of the hole, the interval between the holes, and the distance between the hole and the inner wall surface are not particularly limited as long as the above-described effects can be obtained. For example, the diameter of the holes, the distance between the holes and the distance between the holes and the inner wall surface are approximately the same as the diameters and pitches of the holes in the square array, for example, the diameter of the holes is 5 to 30 mm, the distance between the holes and the distance between the holes and the inner wall surface. Is 15 to 400 mm. Also, preferably, the cap blowing direction (angle θ ″, FIG. 6 a) is directed in the same swirling direction so as to follow the swirling flow of the gas blown out from the square array of holes, and outwardly with respect to the circumferential tangential direction.
What is necessary is just to have an angle of 0-70 degrees.
【0014】反応器の内径が大きい場合、ガス分散板を
一体物とすると板の強度上その板厚は数10mm程度必
要となり甚だ不経済でしかも製作しにくい。又、板厚及
び板の広さにもおのずと制限がある。図6aは、本発明
のガス分散板の一例を示す平面図であり、孔を正方形配
列に配置し、また最外周の孔は反応器内壁近傍にあり、
反応器断面と同心円を成す同一円周上に孔を等ピッチで
配置し、キャップ2は上記したとおり旋回流が発生する
ような特定の配置としたものである。図6a中、キャッ
プは分散板の一部にしか示されず、他の部分は省略して
いるが、他の部分も同一のパターンで全面に配置されて
いる。本発明のガス分散板は、一枚の板で構成すること
もできるが、図6bに示すように、分散板を構成する板
7を二枚以上組み合わせ、一体構造としたガス分散板5
とすることもできる。この場合、ガス分散板上でガスの
旋回流を発生させるように各キャップの吹き出し方向
は、上記角度範囲内で決定される。設置方法としては、
各板同士を隙間なく並べて、その接触部分を、例えば溶
接ないしビス等により繋ぎあわせ、又ガス分散板の下に
分散板支持構造物6を設置してその上に溶接ないしはビ
ス等により固定することにより行なえる。本発明のガス
分散板は、その外周部以外は孔が正方形配列をとるた
め、ガス分散板外周部に設けた孔のピッチを適宜調整す
るだけで孔が支持構造物に塞がれることなく、例えば図
6aに示すような従来に比べ簡単な構造の格子状支持構
造物が使用できる。In the case where the inner diameter of the reactor is large, if the gas dispersion plate is integrated, the plate thickness is required to be about several tens of mm due to the strength of the plate, which is extremely uneconomical and difficult to manufacture. In addition, the thickness and the width of the plate are naturally limited. FIG. 6a is a plan view showing an example of the gas dispersion plate of the present invention, in which holes are arranged in a square array, and the outermost holes are near the inner wall of the reactor;
The holes are arranged at the same pitch on the same circumference which forms a concentric circle with the cross section of the reactor, and the cap 2 has a specific arrangement such that a swirling flow is generated as described above. In FIG. 6a, the cap is shown only on a part of the dispersion plate, and other parts are omitted, but the other parts are also arranged on the entire surface in the same pattern. The gas dispersion plate of the present invention can be composed of a single plate. However, as shown in FIG. 6B, two or more plates 7 constituting the dispersion plate are combined to form an integrated gas dispersion plate 5.
It can also be. In this case, the blowing direction of each cap is determined within the above angle range so as to generate a swirling flow of gas on the gas distribution plate. For installation method,
The plates are arranged without gaps, and their contact portions are connected by, for example, welding or screws, and the dispersing plate support structure 6 is installed below the gas dispersing plate and fixed thereon by welding or screws. Can be done by The gas dispersion plate of the present invention, except for its outer peripheral portion, the holes are arranged in a square array, so that the holes are not closed by the supporting structure only by appropriately adjusting the pitch of the holes provided on the outer peripheral portion of the gas dispersion plate, For example, a lattice-shaped support structure having a simpler structure than the conventional structure as shown in FIG. 6A can be used.
【0015】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明のガス分散
板を用いることにより、重合体粒子の滞留により付着・
塊状化しやすい反応器内壁近傍、或いはガス分散板上の
流動・混合状態が改善され、安定した長期連続運転が達
成される。また、本発明のガス分散板は、従来のガス分
散板に比べ製作並びに支持構造物による補強も容易であ
る。As described in detail above, the use of the gas dispersion plate of the present invention allows the polymer particles to adhere and stay
The flow / mixing state near the inner wall of the reactor which is likely to agglomerate or on the gas dispersion plate is improved, and stable long-term continuous operation is achieved. Further, the gas dispersion plate of the present invention is easier to manufacture and to reinforce with a support structure than the conventional gas dispersion plate.
【0016】[0016]
実施例1 内径1000mmの流動層実験装置を用い、ガス分散板
直上の流動不良部の有無を測定した。流動層実験装置に
使用したガス分散板は、図6aと同タイプのものであ
る。このガス分散板は、正方形配列に配列された孔の直
径が16mm、孔のピッチが66mmとした。また、反
応器内壁に近いガス分散板外周部の孔の直径は16m
m、孔のピッチは66mmとした。さらに、反応器内壁
に近いガス分散板外周部の孔の上のキャップの吹き出し
方向は、正方形配列の孔から吹き出したガスによる旋回
流に沿うように同一方向に向け、かつ円周接線方向に対
して30°の角度とした。なお、キャップは、図1に示
したものと同タイプのものであり、その開口部を半円形
としたキャップを使用した。この上に着色したポリエチ
レン粒子(平均粒子径920μm)をキャップが埋没す
るまで一面に敷き、その上に未着色の同ポリエチレン粒
子を1.5mの高さまで充填した。この状態で常圧の窒
素ガスを流量1400m3 /hrで送り込み5分間流動
化させた。その後、重合体粒子を上方から少しずつ抜き
出し、ガス分散板上に残っている着色したポリエチレン
粒子の位置を観察したところ、孔と孔の間・反応器内壁
近傍を含めガス分散板全域にわたって着色したポリエチ
レン粒子はほとんど観察されなかった。Example 1 Using a fluidized bed experimental apparatus with an inner diameter of 1000 mm, the presence or absence of a flow failure portion immediately above a gas dispersion plate was measured. The gas dispersion plate used in the fluidized bed experimental apparatus is of the same type as in FIG. 6a. In this gas dispersion plate, the diameter of the holes arranged in a square array was 16 mm, and the pitch of the holes was 66 mm. In addition, the diameter of the hole at the outer peripheral portion of the gas dispersion plate near the inner wall of the reactor is 16 m.
m, and the pitch of the holes was 66 mm. Furthermore, the blowing direction of the cap on the hole at the outer peripheral portion of the gas dispersion plate close to the inner wall of the reactor is directed in the same direction so as to follow the swirling flow of the gas blown out from the square array of holes, and with respect to the circumferential tangential direction. Angle of 30 °. The cap was of the same type as that shown in FIG. 1, and a cap having a semicircular opening was used. Colored polyethylene particles (average particle size of 920 μm) were spread over the surface until the cap was buried, and uncolored polyethylene particles were filled to a height of 1.5 m. In this state, nitrogen gas at normal pressure was fed at a flow rate of 1400 m 3 / hr and fluidized for 5 minutes. Thereafter, the polymer particles were withdrawn little by little from above, and the position of the colored polyethylene particles remaining on the gas dispersion plate was observed.As a result, it was colored over the entire gas dispersion plate, including between the holes and near the inner wall of the reactor. Almost no polyethylene particles were observed.
【0017】比較例1 実施例1のガス分散板において、反応器内壁近傍の円周
上に配置したキャップに栓をして実施例1と同じ方法で
実施した結果、内壁近傍に部分的に着色したポリエチレ
ン粒子が分散されずに残っていた。Comparative Example 1 In the gas dispersion plate of Example 1, a cap disposed on the circumference near the inner wall of the reactor was plugged and the same method as in Example 1 was performed. As a result, the inner wall was partially colored near the inner wall. Polyethylene particles remained without being dispersed.
【図1】本発明で用いるキャップの一具体例を示す図面
であり、aは孔の上に取り付けたキャップの平面図、b
はその側面図、及びcはその立面図を示す。FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a specific example of a cap used in the present invention, wherein a is a plan view of a cap mounted on a hole, b
Shows a side view thereof, and c shows an elevation view thereof.
【図2】本発明で用いるキャップの一具体例を示す図面
であり、aは孔の上に取り付けたキャップの平面図、b
はその側面図、及びcはその立面図を示す。FIG. 2 is a view showing a specific example of a cap used in the present invention, wherein a is a plan view of a cap mounted on a hole, b
Shows a side view thereof, and c shows an elevation view thereof.
【図3】本発明で用いるキャップの一具体例を示す図面
であり、aは孔の上に取り付けたキャップの平面図、b
はその側面図、及びcはその立面図を示す。FIG. 3 is a drawing showing a specific example of a cap used in the present invention, wherein a is a plan view of the cap mounted on a hole, b
Shows a side view thereof, and c shows an elevation view thereof.
【図4】最小の正方形に配列された孔に、二通りの方向
に好ましい角度で配設されたキャップの平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of a cap arranged at two preferred angles in two smallest directions in a hole arranged in the smallest square.
【図5】図2において孔を通る円周の接線とキャップの
吹き出し方向との成す角度θ'が小さい方を選択した場
合のキャップ配置の平面図である。FIG. 5 is a plan view of a cap arrangement in a case where a smaller angle θ ′ between a tangent of a circumference passing through a hole and a blowing direction of the cap in FIG. 2 is selected.
【図6】本発明のガス分散板の一具体例を示す平面図で
あり、aはキャップが分散板の一部に示されたガス分散
板の平面図であり、bは分散板を構成する板の一部を取
り出した平面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a specific example of the gas dispersion plate of the present invention, wherein a is a plan view of the gas dispersion plate in which a cap is shown as a part of the dispersion plate, and b is a constitution of the dispersion plate. It is the top view which took out a part of board.
1、10、20、30及び40・・・孔、2・・・キャ
ップ、3・・・キャップ開口部、4・・・孔を通り反応
器断面と同心円を成す円周、5・・・分散板、6・・・
分散板支持構造物、7・・・分散板を構成する板1, 10, 20, 30, and 40 holes, 2 caps, 3 cap openings, 4 concentric circles with the reactor cross section through the holes, 5 dispersion Plate, 6 ...
Dispersion plate support structure, 7... Plate constituting dispersion plate
Claims (10)
数の孔を正方形配列に配置し、ガスが分散板に沿って水
平方向へ吹き出すようにした外形が流線型であるキャッ
プを該孔の上に配設し、該方向が実質的に流動層の旋回
方向であり、しかも孔(10、20、30及び40)で
形成される最小の正方形において、該方向は該キャップ
が配設された孔(10)の対角線上の孔(30)とその
他の孔(20または40)のほぼ中間点(XまたはY)
の向きにあると共に、反応器断面と同心円をなす円周の
接線とのなす角度の小さい方を選択し、さらに、最外周
の孔は反応器内壁近傍にあって、反応器断面と同心円を
成す円周上にあり、その上に上記と同様のキャップをガ
スが当該円周の接線方向より外側に吹き出すように配設
してなることを特徴とする流動層型反応器のガス分散
板。In a gas dispersion plate of a fluidized bed reactor, a large number of holes are arranged in a square array, and a cap having a streamlined outer shape in which gas is blown out along the dispersion plate in a horizontal direction is provided. Disposed above, wherein the direction is substantially the swirling direction of the fluidized bed, and in the smallest square formed by the holes (10, 20, 30, and 40), the direction is such that the cap is disposed. Approximately the midpoint (X or Y) of hole (30) on the diagonal of hole (10) and other holes (20 or 40)
And the smaller angle between the tangent of the circumference and the concentric circle with the reactor cross section is selected.The outermost hole is near the inner wall of the reactor and forms a concentric circle with the reactor cross section. A gas dispersion plate for a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the gas dispersion plate is provided on a circumference, and a cap similar to the above is disposed on the circumference so that gas is blown outward from a tangential direction of the circumference.
としたキャップである請求項1記載のガス分散板。2. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the cap has a semicircular outer shape at the opening.
としたキャップである請求項1記載のガス分散板。3. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the cap is a cap having an opening having a triangular outline.
としたキャップである請求項1記載のガス分散板。4. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the cap is a cap having a square outline of the opening.
0mm、孔のピッチが15〜400mmである請求項1
記載のガス分散板。5. The diameter of the holes arranged in a square array is 5 to 3.
0 mm and the pitch of the holes is 15 to 400 mm.
The gas dispersion plate as described in the above.
孔の直径が5〜30mm、孔間隔及び孔と内壁面間の距
離が15〜400mmである請求項1記載のガス分散
板。6. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the diameters of the holes arranged on the same circumference in the vicinity of the inner wall of the reactor are 5 to 30 mm, and the distance between the holes and the distance between the holes and the inner wall are 15 to 400 mm. .
器断面と同心円をなす円周の接線方向に対して外側に2
0〜70°の角度で配設されてなる請求項1記載のガス
分散板。7. A cap at the upper part of the outermost hole is provided outwardly with respect to a tangential direction of a circle concentric with the cross section of the reactor.
The gas distribution plate according to claim 1, wherein the gas distribution plate is disposed at an angle of 0 to 70 °.
を少くとも2枚組合せて一体構造としてなるガス分散板
である請求項1記載のガス分散板。8. A plate (7) wherein the gas dispersion plate constitutes a dispersion plate.
2. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the gas dispersion plate is formed by combining at least two sheets of the gas dispersion plate.
ガス分散板である請求項1記載のガス分散板。9. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the gas dispersion plate has a stirrer in the fluidized bed.
(6)を設置し、補強してなるガス分散板である請求項
1記載のガス分散板。10. The gas dispersion plate according to claim 1, wherein the gas dispersion plate is a gas dispersion plate provided with a support structure (6) provided on a lower surface of the plate and reinforced.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4287374A JP2722969B2 (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1992-10-26 | Gas dispersion plate for fluidized bed reactor |
GB9321985A GB2271727B (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1993-10-26 | Gas distributor plate for fluidized bed reactors |
SG1996003976A SG43885A1 (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1993-10-26 | Gas distributor plate for fluidized bed reactors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4287374A JP2722969B2 (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1992-10-26 | Gas dispersion plate for fluidized bed reactor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH06136013A JPH06136013A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
JP2722969B2 true JP2722969B2 (en) | 1998-03-09 |
Family
ID=17716537
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4287374A Expired - Fee Related JP2722969B2 (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1992-10-26 | Gas dispersion plate for fluidized bed reactor |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2722969B2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2271727B (en) |
SG (1) | SG43885A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101384303B1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2014-04-14 | 주식회사 포스코 | Distributor bottom |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3497029B2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 2004-02-16 | 三井化学株式会社 | Gas dispersion plate for gas phase polymerization equipment |
DE19825589A1 (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 1999-12-16 | Elenac Gmbh | Gas phase fluidized bed reactor |
JP3657485B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2005-06-08 | 住友化学株式会社 | Agglomerated substance detection method, agglomerated substance detection apparatus, fluidized bed olefin polymerization reaction apparatus equipped with the apparatus, and olefin polymerization method |
JP4627112B2 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2011-02-09 | 住友化学株式会社 | Agglomerated substance detection method, agglomerated substance detection apparatus, fluidized bed olefin polymerization reaction apparatus equipped with the apparatus, and olefin polymerization method |
US6414093B1 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2002-07-02 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Method and Apparatus for detecting agglomerates |
US6958376B2 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2005-10-25 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Inlet distribution device for upflow polymerization reactors |
EP1577003A1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-21 | Borealis Technology Oy | Method and apparatus for producing polymers |
DE102004056611B4 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2013-11-14 | Dr. Gerhard Müller e.K. | Fluidized bed reactor |
BRPI0620401A2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2011-11-16 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh | distributing fund |
JP2008044978A (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-28 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Process for producing olefin polymer |
KR101578938B1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2015-12-18 | 웨스트레이크 롱뷰 코포레이션 | Gas distribution plate for fluidized-bed olefin polymerization reactors equipped with flowrate or pressure sensors to detect grid fouling |
CN103203590B (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2015-12-02 | 游利 | A kind of new dielectric etch machine gas distributor processing technology |
CN106922484B (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2020-02-21 | 南京信息工程大学 | Arrangement method of nozzles in humidification area |
KR20240078954A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-06-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | Distribution plate of fludized furnace and fludized furnace having the same |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4933149A (en) * | 1984-08-24 | 1990-06-12 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Fluidized bed polymerization reactors |
US5101576A (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1992-04-07 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Uni-directional fluidization nozzle and a fluidized bed system utilizing same |
-
1992
- 1992-10-26 JP JP4287374A patent/JP2722969B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-10-26 GB GB9321985A patent/GB2271727B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-26 SG SG1996003976A patent/SG43885A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101384303B1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2014-04-14 | 주식회사 포스코 | Distributor bottom |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2271727A (en) | 1994-04-27 |
GB2271727B (en) | 1996-07-24 |
GB9321985D0 (en) | 1993-12-15 |
SG43885A1 (en) | 1997-11-14 |
JPH06136013A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
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