JP2721288B2 - How to drive a jaw crusher with high performance - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for operating an ore crushing machine for the best performance, and more particularly to a method for operating a crusher such as a jaw crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Commercial ore crushers such as a jaw crusher and a conical crusher are used to set numerical values of parameters during operation, and performance characteristics such as stroke (head throw), eccentric speed, horsepower, overall performance and crushing force. And have a correlation. Crusher stroke can be defined as the maximum and minimum displacement of the head (jaw) in an eccentric rotation cycle. The eccentric speed is self-explanatory. Horsepower is the amount of energy expended, which is a function of stroke, crushing force and eccentric speed. Overall performance is expressed in tons / hour, and crushing power is generally expressed as horsepower divided by the product of stroke and eccentric speed. A conventional problem in operation of this type of apparatus is to adjust various parameters to obtain maximum capacity while keeping the crushing force below the maximum design performance of the machine. In particular, the purpose of jaw crushers is to increase the processing power by increasing the horsepower without increasing the crushing force. As the crushing force increases, the crusher frame must necessarily be strengthened to accommodate the crushing load that increases with increased horsepower. This is stated in the normal crushing theory that the crushing power increases as the horsepower increases.

[0003]

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of adjusting the jaw crusher to increase performance without increasing crushing force, and another object is to provide optimum overall performance. It is to provide a method of adjusting the jaw crusher such that the optimal combination of horsepower, stroke and speed to obtain is obtained. That is, the present invention provides a method of adjusting a crusher, preferably a jaw crusher, capable of increasing the input amount (slow) while maintaining or decreasing the speed. It has been discovered that such adjustments can increase the throughput of the crusher without increasing the crushing force beyond the design limits of the device. The invention further relates to a method of operating a crusher with a defined speed, a defined input and a defined horsepower to achieve a defined crushing power and, consequently, a defined overall performance, In the method of the present invention, the performance of the crusher is improved without increasing the crushing force by increasing the input amount to a level higher than the predetermined level and lower than the predetermined level.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a defined speed, a defined input, a defined maximum crushing force, and a defined horsepower to achieve the overall performance of the crusher. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving the performance without increasing the crushing force by increasing the input amount above a predetermined level and decreasing the speed below the predetermined level when operating a crusher having the same. . The present invention also includes a housing for performing a crushing cycle with a movable jaw having a crushing surface and operating at a determined speed, a determined stroke determined by an eccentric of a defined shape, and a determined crushing force. A jaw crusher designed to provide a jaw crusher in which overall performance is improved without increasing crushing force by an eccentric body having a speed equal to or lower than a predetermined speed and an increased stroke equal to or higher than a predetermined stroke. It is.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a jaw crusher is generally indicated at 10. The jaw crusher 10 is of a single toggle type, but may be a double toggle type, another type of jaw crusher, or a different type of crusher as described below. The crusher 10 basically has a rectangular frame 12, inside which a toggle block 14 and an adjusting wedge member 16 are mounted. The toggle 18 is supported by the toggle block 14 and the lateral groove 20 located at the lower end 22 of the movable jaw 24. At the upper end 26 of the jaw 24 is provided a lateral tubular sleeve 28 which receives and rotationally supports a rotary eccentric shaft 30. The shaft 30 has one end connected to the flywheel 32 and the other end connected to a known drive mechanism such as a belt or a pulley. A removable jaw plate or jaw die 34 is mounted on the movable jaw 24 and preferably has an irregular surface with vertical grooves 36 to facilitate capture of the feed. The stationary jaw 38 is disposed on the frame 12 opposite the movable jaw and has a removable jaw plate or die 40 mounted thereon. As with the dice 34, the dice 40 have a plurality of vertical grooves 4
It is desirable to have 2. The jaws 24 and 38 are opposed to each other to form a generally V-shaped crushing space 43. A pull rod 44 is fixed to the lower end 22 of the jaw 24 and passes through the through hole 46 of the frame 12. The cover 48 is fixed to the pull rod 44 and the coil spring 50
Is fixed on the rod and the spring is held against the through hole 46. During operation, the rotation of the eccentric shaft 30 causes the movable jaw 2
4 causes a known elliptical rotation. The movement of the lower end 22 of the movable jaw 24 is adjusted by the action of a toggle rod 18 and a drawbar 44 by a spring. The feed material introduced into the upper end of the crushing space 43 gradually proceeds to a narrow space by repeating the pressing stroke of the movable jaw 24 with respect to the fixed jaw 38. Toggle 18 is Joe 2
4 supports the lower end 22 of the pull rod 4 by a spring.
4 facilitates the return of the reciprocating movement of the jaw lower end 22 to the basic position in FIG. In the basic position, jaw dice 3
The lower ends of 4 and 40 are closest, forming the narrowest passage space 52 for the crushed feed.
Generally, in a jaw crusher design, the maximum capacity is defined as follows.

[0006]

[Mathematical formula-see original document] Ability (C) = (fp-w-q-ar) -1.N

Where f is a constant, p is the bulk density of the product, w is the width of the crushing chamber in inches, a is the trapping angle factor, r is the Giesking factor, 1 is the stroke, and N is the minute The number of strokes, that is, the speed.
In practice, the jaw width is increased to increase the crusher's capacity, but this is heavy and costly. Thus, apart from the width of the jaws, the remaining variables in this equation are those in which only stroke and stroke speed can be varied. This equation also shows that stroke and velocity changes have a similar effect on crush performance. In general crusher design theory, it is further defined as follows.

[0008]

[Equation 2] Crushing force = horsepower / stroke · rpm

Thus, it is known that since the stroke speed is directly proportional to the crusher's capacity and inversely proportional to the crushing force, the capacity can be increased simply by increasing the speed and / or charge. Similar to this performance equation, speed and stroke seem to have the same effect on crushing force, but the critical water speed exists by ROSE et al. In 1967,
At lower speeds, speed is known to be proportional to performance, and above that speed is inversely proportional to performance. From this it can be said that speed is the most critical variable for increasing performance without increasing crushing force. However, our research has shown that the most important function in this connection is not the speed but the input.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the speed% indicated by the X axis 54 and the crushing force (toggle plate load) indicated by the Y axis 56. Since the toggle plate 18 supports the lower end of the movable jaw 24 and receives the main load generated during the crushing process, the load on the toggle plate changes in proportion to the crushing force. The solid line 58 indicates the input amount of 100%, that is, the specified input amount of the used apparatus, and the dotted line 60 indicates the input amount of 150% of the specified input amount of the used apparatus. Initial tests have shown that if horsepower, stroke, or speed is changed differently, each parameter has a critical value beyond which the crusher starts to operate, but with no optimal performance . It has also been found that the performance of the jaw crusher decreases when horsepower, stroke and speed change significantly from their critical values.

At the point A where the input amount is 100% and the speed is 100%, the strain of the crusher 10, ie, the crushing force, slightly exceeds 550 microinches. B is reached, beyond which the strain decreases slightly. At 140% speed, the strain figure is still 525 microinches.

However, the line 60 increases the input to 150% of the prescribed amount of the machine, and if the speed remains unchanged, the point C
Shows that the mechanical strain at is substantially reduced from that at point A to about 425 microinches. Thus, it obviously has a more significant effect on the crusher stress load than a change in the rate of dosing. By increasing the input and decreasing the speed, the overall performance is increased, as indicated by point D, and the output of the motor used is achieved without having to change the structure of the crusher. Therefore, in order to increase the processing capacity while reducing the stress load on the apparatus, it is desirable to increase the input amount more than the reduction in the speed. In practice, this is achieved by replacing the standard eccentric shaft with a modified diameter shaft for the stroke of the jaw crusher 10.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a conical crusher 70. The crusher basically has a conical head 72 that rotates around a vertical axis 74 by an eccentric 76 operated by a drive train 78. The supplied material 80 is crushed between the rotating head 72 and the fixed bowl 82. As in the case of the jaw crusher, the processing capacity, crushing power, horsepower, speed, and stroke (input amount) of the conical crusher are basically the same. Further, in the conical crusher, the speed is changed by adjusting the eccentric drive system 78, and the input amount is adjusted by changing the shape of the eccentric body 76.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the performance of the conical crusher. The velocity%, shown on the X axis 84, is compared to the crushing force, shown on the Y axis 86, in psi / 1000. Generally, by comparing FIGS. 2 and 4, the same principle applies to the jaw crusher and the conical crusher. In particular, by comparing the solid line indicating the input amount of 100% and the dotted line indicating the input amount of 150%, it was found that at a speed of 100%, the crushing force was reduced by about 50% by increasing the input amount by 150%. This is a point E showing about 15000 psi at 100% speed and 150% charge.
It is known by comparing with the point F which shows about 7000 psi in the increase. Also, when comparing the effect of changing the input amount with the effect of changing the speed, the increase in speed indicates the crushing force. It is evident that the effect on crushing force, even if it results in a decrease in crushing power, is much less than an increase in input.

Although specific examples of the high-performance operation of the crusher of the present invention have been described above, it is apparent that various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0016]

According to the present invention, when an ordinary ore crusher such as a jaw crusher or a conical crusher is used, the operation is performed with the input amount being higher than a predetermined level and the speed being lower than a predetermined level. Thereby, the processing capacity can be improved without increasing the crushing force.

[0017]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a jaw crusher used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the crushing force (toggle plate load) of the jaw crusher and the speed% when 100% and 150% of a prescribed input amount are input. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the conical crusher used in the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the crushing force of the conical crusher and the speed% when 100% and 150% of the prescribed charging amount are charged.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 jaw crusher 30 eccentric shaft
78 drive system 12 frame 70 conical crusher 80 supply material 18 toggle 72 conical head 24 movable jaw 74 vertical axis 38 fixed jaw 78 eccentric body 43 crushing space 82 fixed bowl

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] Claims 1. A crusher with a defined speed, a defined input amount and a defined horsepower to achieve a defined maximum crushing power and consequent overall performance, above a defined level An operating method characterized by improving performance without increasing crushing force by increasing the amount and reducing the speed below a predetermined level. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the crusher is a jaw crusher. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the percentage increase in input is greater than the percentage decrease in speed. 4. The determined feeding amount is determined by a specific eccentric shaft provided on the crusher, wherein the eccentric shaft has a specific eccentric shape, and is supplied instead of the eccentric shaft provided as a standard equipment. The method of claim 1 wherein an eccentric shaft with increased eccentricity is used to increase the amount. 5. A method comprising a housing having a crushing surface adapted to perform a crushing motion cycle with respect to an opposing stationary crushing surface, a determined speed, a determined stroke determined by a particular shaped eccentric, and a determined stroke. In jaw crushers designed to operate at a specified crushing force, to improve the overall performance without increasing the crushing force by increasing the stroke than the specified stroke and decreasing the speed below the specified speed Characterized by having an eccentric body.