JP2701041B2 - House structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a house structure, and more particularly, to a house structure in which a transparent film made of resin or the like or a transparent plate made of glass or the like is stretched.

[Problems to be solved by conventional technology and invention]

Usually, a house used for plant cultivation is formed by stretching a transparent film made of a resin such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, or a transparent plate made of glass, polyester resin or the like on a house aggregate assembled in a predetermined structure. Formed.

Generally, the house is formed by single-layering the transparent film or the transparent plate. Therefore, when the outside air temperature is low, water vapor existing inside the house is condensed on the inner surface of the transparent film or the like to form water droplets, especially when the top surface is formed of the transparent film or the like, and condensed and cold. Water drops fall, for example, water accumulates on the leaves of the plant or in the recesses of the fruits, causing diseases such as gray mold and sclerotium, and causing the disease by popping the soil on the crop. There is a problem that the crop in the house is easily harmed.

A technique for forming a greenhouse with a double-layered transparent film for the purpose of improving heat retention has already been disclosed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
-11953). However, the above-mentioned double-layered transparent film is expensive because of its difficulty in molding, and is not practically used due to a problem that water easily accumulates between the films during use.

Therefore, as a very effective means having a simple structure, a lining is provided inside the transparent film or the transparent plate forming the top surface at a distance from the top surface, preferably at a constant distance from the top surface. Transparent film for
It is conceivable to install a transparent lining film) and double the ceiling of the house. Such a house structure can effectively prevent water vapor from condensing on the top due to the heat retention effect of the double structure, and can cultivate crops soundly.

However, even when the transparent lining film is stretched as described above and the top portion has a double structure, when the outside air temperature is particularly low, dew forms on the lower surface of the transparent lining film, and water drops may fall into the house. . Condensation may also form on the lower surface of the top surface that directly touches the outside air.In this case, there is no problem due to the drop of water drops.However, sufficient light is required to scatter or refract incident light due to the condensed water drops. There are other problems, such as the inability to average the amount of light into the house.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to effectively prevent water vapor from condensing on the lower surface of the transparent lining film in the double-structured top portion composed of the top surface portion and the transparent lining film inside the top surface portion, and to prevent the water vapor from condensing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a house structure capable of effectively preventing water vapor from condensing on the lower surface of a surface portion.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention provides a house structure in which a transparent film or a transparent plate is stretched, and a space is provided between the transparent film or the transparent plate forming the top surface and the top surface to form a transparent lining film. The above object has been attained by providing a house structure in which a hot air supply means for supplying hot air to the space is provided.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a house structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is an enlarged view of hot air supply means installed in the house structure. FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the transparent fluororesin film shown in FIG.
It is II-II sectional drawing.

The house structure of the present invention includes an aggregate 1 constituting a support, an aggregate 2 supporting a zenith, and other aggregates (not shown).
And a transparent film or a transparent plate is stretched over a substantially mountain-shaped house skeleton.

In the house structure, at least the top surface 3 is formed of the transparent film or the transparent plate, and the top surface 3 is
The top surface 3 is formed by a substantially E-shaped iron-based aggregate 4 having a cross section as shown in FIG. 2, which extends from the aggregate 2 at the zenith to the upper end of the aggregate of the column 1. It is supported from below.

Further, in the house structure, the transparent lining film 5 is intermittently fixed to the lower surface of the iron-based aggregate 4 from below by a magnet 6 as a film fixture, thereby fixing the transparent lining film 5 to the top surface portion. The inner surface 3 is extended from the top surface 3 at a substantially constant interval. That is, the top portion of the house is formed in a double structure having a space 7 formed between the top surface portion 3 and the transparent lining film 5 stretched substantially parallel to the top surface portion 3. Is what it is. In the present embodiment, the lowermost position of the space 7,
That is, the hot air supply means 8 is disposed at the outermost end position in the figure, and the hot air (indicated by a thick arrow) is injected obliquely upward from the hot air supply means 8 and supplied to the space 7. Is configured.

The hot air supply means 8 is formed by a pipe as shown in FIG. 1 (b), and the pipe has hot air outlets at predetermined intervals.
8a is provided, and the hot air of a predetermined temperature supplied into the pipe from the hot air generating means (not shown) is supplied to the ejection hole 8a.
It is configured to be ejected in the direction of a thicker arrow and supplied to the space 7 at a predetermined flow rate. And the space 7
The hot air supplied to the house flows in the direction of the thin arrow, and is finally introduced into the house through a gap (not shown) provided at the top of the house.

In the above-described house structure of the present embodiment, since the top portion has a double structure, water vapor can be effectively prevented from condensing on the lower surface of the transparent lining film 5 located in the house due to its heat retaining effect. , Prevents the formation of water droplets,
Damage to crops in the house due to the drop of the water droplets can be effectively prevented.

Further, as described above, since the configuration is such that hot air is supplied to the space 7 in the top portion, even when the outside air temperature is extremely low, by supplying hot air having an appropriate temperature,
Dew condensation on the lower surface of the transparent lining film 5 can be effectively prevented.

Also, as described above, when supplying warm air to the space 7,
Condensation on the lower surface of the top surface 3 can also be effectively prevented. Therefore, unlike the case of dew condensation, there is no problem such as the adhering water drops obstructing the incidence of light.

Next, the house structure of the above embodiment will be described in more detail.

The transparent film or transparent plate constituting the top surface portion 3 can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is made of a transparent material applicable to a house, and specific examples include the following.

The transparent film constituting the top surface portion 3 is made of a fluororesin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, polyamide, polymethyl methacrylate,
Polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, or those which are copolymers or blends based on these polymers can be mentioned, among which, in particular, in consideration of properties such as weather resistance, light transmittance, and strength, Fluororesins, polyvinyl chloride or polymethyl methacrylate can be mentioned as suitable forming materials.

The material for forming the transparent plate constituting the top surface portion 3 is as follows:
Glass, polyester such as PET, fluorine resin, polyvinyl chloride, poly (meth) acrylate, polycarbonate and the like. Specific examples of the transparent plate include a composite plate obtained by coating a polyester resin or the like with a Dedlar film. And a reinforcing plate in which a fiber material such as glass fiber is contained in a polyester resin or the like.

Further, the transparent lining film 5 stretched inside the top surface portion 3 can be formed of various resins similar to those of the top surface portion 3, and among them, transparent fluororesin is particularly preferable. .

Examples of the transparent fluororesin film include, for example, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and perfluoroalkylvinyl ether-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer , Formed of a resin selected from the group of polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinyl fluoride, and having a fluorine content of 45
Those which are not less than weight% can be suitably mentioned. In this case, the thickness of the transparent lining film 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 50 μm, more preferably 15 to 25 μm.
m can be mentioned as an appropriate range. When the top surface portion 3 is also formed of the same transparent fluororesin film as the transparent lining film 5 and a double structure is formed of the transparent fluororesin film, the film becomes transparent to natural light (sunlight). Particularly excellent, it is possible to irradiate the crop with a more sufficient amount of sunlight.

The space between the top surface 3 forming the space 7 in the top and the transparent lining film 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 cm,
More preferably, it is in the range of 0 cm.

The temperature of the hot air supplied to the space 7 is not particularly limited as long as it is higher than the outside air temperature and 0 ° C. or higher.
The temperature is preferably as follows, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 20 ° C. Further, the hot air may be higher, lower or the same as the temperature in the house. When the hot air is set to a temperature higher than the temperature in the house, the hot air can be used as a heat source for heating the air in the house. In addition, when the temperature of the hot air is lower than the temperature in the house, in an area where the temperature of the outside air is extremely low, such as in a cold region, the above-described dew condensation can be prevented, and the effect of keeping the inside of the house warm is obtained. is there.

Furthermore, when supplying the hot air, the static pressure in the space 7 may be positive, and the flow rate of the hot air in the space 7 at that time is not particularly limited.

In addition, as described above, when a transparent fluororesin film having a high transmittance to natural light (sunlight) is used as the transparent lining film 5, even if the top part has a double structure as described above, natural light for crops can be obtained. There is also an advantage that it is possible to prevent a decrease in the amount of irradiation of the sunshine and to cultivate a crop that requires solar irradiation.

In particular, an agricultural house in which the top surface portion 3 is also formed of a transparent fluororesin film can transmit not only the visible light portion, but also the ultraviolet and infrared rays of sunlight, and is extremely excellent in weather resistance. Therefore, in conventional facility cultivation in a tunnel, a house, or the like, cultivation of a crop whose cultivation is restricted is enabled. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to cultivate a plant whose yield and growth are greatly affected by the amount of irradiation of ultraviolet rays, such as crops such as eggplants and flowers, while securing the above-mentioned effects.

Furthermore, since the transparent lining film 5 is fixed by the magnets 6, there is an advantage that the double structure of the top portion can be formed extremely easily and at low cost.

As described above, the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the house structure of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the hot air supply means 8 is installed at the upper end of the center of the top, injects the hot air obliquely downward, and is formed at the lower end of the transparent lining film 5. You may comprise so that it may introduce | transduce into a house from a clearance gap. Also in this case, there is an advantage that the inside of the house can be directly heated by warm air. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a tub 9 is provided near the lower end of the transparent lining film 5 to prevent water droplets from directly falling into the house even if water vapor is condensed in the space 7. doing.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
It may be extended along the side of the house to the lower part thereof, and substantially the entire periphery may have a double structure. In this case, since the warm air can be supplied to a low position in the house, the air in the house is agitated and the temperature is averaged. In this case,
An air recovery device (not shown) is installed at the top of the house, and after the recovered air is heated again, the hot air is supplied from the hot air supply means 8 again, thereby circulating and using the hot air as indicated by the arrow in the figure. You can also.

In the house structure shown in FIG. 1 (a), although not shown, a drain is provided at a predetermined position at the lower end of the transparent lining film 5 so that water can be drained when water accumulates in the space 7. It is configured.

Further, the house structure of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments each having the chevron shape shown in each of FIGS. 1 (a), 3 and 4, and the shape can be variously changed. Needless to say. Further, the hot air supply means is not limited to the pipe having the ejection hole shown in the above-described embodiment. Needless to say, the hot air supply means can be variously changed as long as it has the same kind of function. can do. Further, the transparent lining film 5 is not limited to the case where the transparent lining film 5 is arranged substantially parallel to the top surface portion 3. If the top portion has a double structure, for example, the transparent lining film 5 has an inclination such that water drops flow with respect to the ground. Various arrangement methods can be adopted, such as disposing them substantially or in parallel, and the method of stretching is not limited to the method performed by fixing with the magnet 6, and other film fixing tools may be used. You may.

Further, in each of the embodiments described above, the case where the hot air is introduced into the house has been described. However, it is needless to say that a mechanism for discharging the hot air out of the house may be provided.

〔The invention's effect〕

The house structure of the present invention can effectively prevent water drops from dropping onto crops due to condensation of water vapor on the lower surface of the transparent lining film at the top of the house. It is possible to cultivate crops healthy by suppressing the diseases caused by etc., and also to prevent the attachment of water droplets to the lower surface of the top surface, so that the sunlight can be sufficiently taken in every corner of the house it can.

Further, the house structure of the present invention has a good heat retention property, and also has a good sliding and melting property of snow covered in winter, so that the snow can be quickly removed from the ceiling of the house, and the sunlight can be taken into the house well. Water droplets can be prevented from adhering to the lower surface of the sun, so that sunlight can be sufficiently incident, as a result, photosynthesis is promoted and the tree vigor of the crop is improved,
The yield increases.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a house structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged view showing a schematic view of a hot air supply means used in the house structure. FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a fixed state of the transparent fluororesin film, and FIG. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II, and FIGS. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of a certain house structure. 3 Top surface section 4 Iron-based aggregate 5 Transparent lining film 6 Magnet (film fixture) 7 Space 8 Hot air supply means

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In a house structure having a transparent film or a transparent plate stretched therein, two to ten spaces are provided at equal intervals between the transparent film or the transparent plate forming the top surface and the top surface.
A house structure characterized by providing a transparent fluororesin-lined film with a space of cm and a hot air supply means for supplying warm air to the space.