JP2700561B2 - Outdoor unit of engine driven heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an outdoor unit of an engine-driven heat pump device having a refrigerant circulation circuit driven by an engine.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in an engine driven heat pump device, a radiator for cooling an engine and an outdoor heat exchanger for cooling a refrigerant included in a refrigerant circuit are combined with a fan for forcibly cooling them. It is an outdoor unit.

In the above configuration, for example, as shown in JP-A-60-101443, a radiator is provided in a soundproof wall together with an engine, and an outdoor heat exchanger and a fan are horizontally arranged side by side on the upper surface of the soundproof wall. is there.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-described conventional configuration, since the soundproof wall is partitioned between the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger, heat exchange by the fan may not be sufficiently promoted in the radiator. There is.

In addition, since the outdoor heat exchanger and the fan are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, the upper surface side of this outdoor unit is not effectively used, and between the outdoor heat exchanger and the fan. A relatively large surplus space is generated. For this reason, the conventional outdoor unit is large, and there is still room for improvement in reducing the size of the outdoor unit.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been made to enable the heat exchange by the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger to be sufficiently promoted by the fan, and the outdoor by the combination thereof. The aim is to make the unit as small as possible.

Further, when a plurality of refrigerant circulation circuits are provided,
An object of the present invention is to make it possible for heat exchange with the outside air by the outdoor heat exchangers of each system to be performed without bias.

Still another object of the present invention is to prevent hot air generated when a radiator is forcibly cooled by a fan from exerting a thermal influence on each refrigerant circuit.

Further, when a waste heat heat exchanger for transmitting the temperature of the cooling water for the engine to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuit is provided, the waste heat heat exchanger may be used to replace the tanks constituting the refrigerant circulation circuit with a radiator or an outdoor heat exchanger. The purpose is to provide reasonable protection from thermal effects due to

(Structure of the Invention) The feature of the present invention for achieving the above object is that an engine cooling radiator and a refrigerant outdoor heat exchanger having a refrigerant circulation circuit are vertically stacked, and this laminated body is planarized. A fan formed in a U-shape when viewed from the outside, and a fan for discharging air in a space surrounded by the laminate is provided at an upper portion of the laminate, and a component of the refrigerant circulation circuit is provided in a space surrounded by the laminate. It is in the point where was stored.

In the above configuration, a plurality of refrigerant circulation circuits may be provided, the outdoor heat exchanger of each refrigerant circulation circuit may be divided into a plurality of upper and lower parts, and these divided bodies may be arranged alternately in the respective systems.

In each of the above-described configurations, it is preferable that the radiator is arranged at the uppermost part, and the piping unit of the refrigerant included in the refrigerant circuit is arranged at a lower part in the space surrounded by the laminate.

Further, in the above configuration, a waste heat heat exchanger for transmitting the temperature of the cooling water for the engine to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is provided, and the waste heat heat exchanger is formed in an annular shape in plan view and a space surrounded by the laminate. And a tank such as a liquid separator constituting a refrigerant circulation circuit may be housed in a space surrounded by the waste heat exchanger.

(Operation) The operation of the above configuration is as follows.

The radiator 42 and the outdoor heat exchangers 10 and 110 are vertically stacked to form the laminate 61 in a U-shape in plan view, and a fan 15 is provided on the upper portion thereof.
Since the outdoor unit 51 is configured to discharge the air in the space surrounded by the radiator 42 and the radiator 42 as the air in the space surrounded by the laminate 61 is discharged when the fan 15 is operated. It passes sufficiently through the outdoor heat exchangers 10, 110, and therefore, the heat exchange with the outside air is sufficiently performed in each of them.

Further, as described above, the fan 15 is provided above the laminate 61, and the refrigerant circulation circuit 3,
Because of storing 103 components, this outdoor unit 5
Each outer surface and inner space of 1 are effectively used.

In the above configuration, the refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103 are provided in a plurality of systems, and the outdoor heat exchanger 1 of each of the refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103 is provided.
0,110 are respectively divided into a plurality of upper and lower parts, and if these divided bodies are arranged alternately in the vertical direction in each system, even if the passing wind velocity in the part close to the fan 15 is high and the passing wind velocity in the distant part is low, The heat exchange by the outdoor heat exchangers 10, 110 of the refrigerant circulation circuits 3, 103 is performed without bias.

Further, in the above configuration, while the radiator 42 is disposed at the uppermost part, the refrigerant piping unit 65 of the refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103 is disposed at a lower part in the space surrounded by the laminated body 61, so that the radiator 42 is forcibly cooled by the fan 15. The hot air generated at this time is prevented from having a thermal effect on each of the refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103.

Further, in the above configuration, the waste heat heat exchanger 45, which transmits the temperature of the cooling water for the engine 1 to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuits 3, 103,
In the case where the 145 is provided, the waste heat heat exchangers 45 and 145 are formed in a ring shape in a plan view and are disposed at a lower portion in a space surrounded by the laminated body 61, and are disposed in a space surrounded by the waste heat heat exchangers 45 and 145. Liquid separators 18,118 constituting the refrigerant circulation circuits 3,103
When the tanks such as are stored, the waste heat exchangers 45 and 145 are also stored in the space surrounded by the laminate 61 and the outdoor unit 51
In this case, the waste heat exchangers 45 and 145 prevent the air passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 10 and 110 from striking the tanks.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an air conditioner as an example of an engine-driven heat pump device.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine, and the engine 1 is driven by gas fuel such as city gas or propane gas.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a starting motor of the engine 1.

In addition, the above-mentioned device has two independent systems, a first system and a second system.
It has refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103, both of which are the engine 1
Are operated at the same time.

Since the two-amount refrigerant systems 3 and 103 have substantially the same configuration as each other, the first refrigerant circuit 3 will be mainly described, and the second refrigerant circuit 103 will be denoted by reference numerals (for example, 5) corresponding to the first refrigerant circuit 3. (Corresponding to reference numeral 105) is attached to the drawings, and the description thereof is omitted.

The first refrigerant circuit 3 has a compressor 5 driven by the engine 1. The compressor 5 compresses a refrigerant such as Freon into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas.
The discharge side of the compressor 5 has a discharge pipe 6, and the suction side has a suction pipe 7. Further, a four-way switching valve 8 is interposed between the discharge pipe 6 and the suction pipe 7.

An outdoor heat exchanger 10 is provided outside the room, and a pair of indoor heat exchangers 11, 11 are provided in parallel inside the room. And
The four-way switching valve 8 and the outdoor heat exchanger 10 are connected by a first pipe 12, the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the indoor heat exchangers 11 are connected by a second pipe 13, and the four-way switching is further performed. The valve 8 and the indoor heat exchangers 11, 11 are connected by a third pipe 14. In the above case, the outdoor heat exchanger 10 of the first refrigerant circuit 3
Fan common to outdoor heat exchanger 110 of refrigerant circuit 103
15, 15 are provided, and forced heat exchange with the outside air is performed.

An oil separator 16 is interposed in the middle of the discharge pipe 6. The oil separator 16 separates the oil in the discharge pipe 6 and returns the oil to the suction pipe 7 by an oil return pipe 17. Further, a liquid separator 18 is interposed in the middle of the suction pipe 7, and the liquid separator 18 separates the liquid from the refrigerant passing through the suction pipe 7, and causes the compressor 5 to suck only the gas. To Furthermore, an expansion valve 20, a check valve 21, 22, 23,
Further, a liquid receiver 24 is provided.

In the above-described first refrigerant circuit 3, when the four-way switching valve 8 is operated to bring the state shown by the solid line in the figure and the compressor 1 is driven by the engine 1, the first refrigerant circuit 3 It becomes a cooling circuit as shown by.

That is, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 5 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the discharge pipe 6, the four-way switching valve 8, and the first pipe 12
To the outdoor heat exchanger 10. Then, the refrigerant is radiated here and condensed into a high-pressure liquid. The refrigerant is temporarily stored in the liquid receiver 24 through the check valve 22, and then sent to the indoor heat exchangers 11, 11. Then, the refrigerant is decompressed here and evaporates to a low-temperature and low-pressure atomized state. At this time, the indoor heat exchangers 11 and 11 cool the room. Further, this refrigerant is supplied to the third pipe 14, the four-way switching valve 8, the suction pipe 7,
Then, the flow returns to the compressor 5 through the liquid separator 18 to complete the cycle.

On the other hand, when the four-way switching valve 8 is switched to a state indicated by a virtual line in the figure, the first refrigerant circulation circuit 3 becomes a heating circuit as shown by a virtual line arrow in the figure, contrary to the above.

That is, after the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 5 to become a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, the discharge pipe 6, the four-way switching valve 8, and the third pipe 14
Through the indoor heat exchangers 11, 11. Then, the room is heated by the indoor heat exchangers 11, 11, and at this time, the refrigerant is condensed into a high-pressure liquid. Further, the refrigerant is supplied to the check valve 23, the liquid receiver 24, the expansion valve 20, and the second pipe.
13, is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 10, where it is given heat to become a gas, which is then converted into a first pipe 12, a four-way switching valve 8, a suction pipe 7, and a liquid separator 18.
And returns to the compressor 5 to complete the cycle.

On the other hand, the second refrigerant circulation circuit 103 has the indoor heat exchanger 11
Only one indoor heat exchanger 111 having the same capacity as that of the indoor heat exchanger 111 is provided.

In the above configuration, a bypass circuit 28 for connecting the discharge pipe 6 and the suction pipe 7 is provided, and the bypass circuit 28 has a bypass valve 29 at an intermediate portion thereof. Further, a pressure sensor 30 for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant in the discharge pipe 6 is provided. When the discharge capacity of the compressor 5 increases and the compressor 5 exceeds a predetermined discharge capacity, that is, when the pressure of the refrigerant in the discharge pipe 6 exceeds a predetermined value, the pressure sensor
The bypass valve 29 is opened by the detection signal of 30. The detection signal may be an electric or electronic signal, or may be a physical signal that directly transmits pressure through a pipe. This is the same for each detection signal described later.

Thus, for example, the discharge capacity of the compressor 105 of the second refrigerant circuit 103 is appropriate, while the first refrigerant circuit 3
If the compressor 5 exceeds a predetermined discharge capacity, the bypass valve 29 corresponding to the other compressor 5 opens, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 5 passes through the bypass circuit 28 and the bypass valve 29. A short circuit from the discharge pipe 6 of the compressor 5 to the suction pipe 7 circulates. Then, the pressure of the refrigerant in the discharge pipe 6 is reduced, so that the capacity of the other compressor 5 is prevented from becoming excessive.

By the way, as described above, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 5 circulates from the discharge pipe 6 of the compressor 5 to the suction pipe 7 through the bypass circuit 28 and the bypass valve 29, and if this continues for a long time, The temperature of the refrigerant may rise and become excessively high. This undesirably increases the load on the compressor 5.

Then, in order to prevent the above inconvenience, the following configuration is adopted. That is, in addition to the above configuration, the suction pipe 7 and the second
A heating prevention circuit 32 for connecting the pipe 13 is provided,
A heating prevention valve 33 and an electromagnetic on-off valve 34 are arranged in series in the middle of the heating prevention circuit 32.

In the above case, the operation of the on-off valve 34 is made to coincide with the opening and closing operations of the bypass valve 29. The connection of the overheat prevention circuit 32 to the absorption pipe 7 is closer to the compressor 5 than the connection of the oil return pipe 17 to the suction pipe 7, and the compressor 5 is further closer to each of these connection parts. A temperature sensing cylinder 35 for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant is provided. And
When the temperature of the refrigerant becomes too high and exceeds a predetermined temperature, the overheat prevention valve 33
Is designed to open.

Then, as described above, when the temperature of the refrigerant in the suction pipe 7 becomes high and the overheat prevention valve 33 is opened by the temperature sensing cylinder 35, the temperature of the refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the indoor heat exchanger 11 is compared. The refrigerant having a low target temperature flows into the discharge pipe 6 through the second pipe 13, the overheat prevention circuit 32, the overheat prevention valve 33, and the on-off valve 34, and lowers the temperature of the refrigerant in this portion, and this temperature becomes excessive. To prevent it from becoming too high.

On the other hand, the engine 1 is provided with an engine cooling circuit 37 for cooling it.

That is, a cooling water passage 38 is formed in the engine 1, and a pump 39 for sending cooling water to the cooling water passage 38 is provided. Further, a radiator 42 is provided between an outlet pipe 40 extending from the cooling water passage 38 and an inlet pipe 41 connected to the suction side of the pump 39.The radiator 42 is also installed outside the room and the fans 15, 15 Forcibly cools down.

Then, when the cooling water is sent to the cooling water passage 38 by the pump 39, the engine 1 is cooled, and the cooling water having a high temperature is cooled by the radiator 42 and returns to the pump 39.

In the above configuration, the first and second refrigerant circulation circuits 3,
When 103 is a heating circuit, it is configured as follows to make this more effective.

That is, when the first and second refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103 are heating circuits as indicated by phantom arrows in the drawing, the temperature of the cooling water of the engine cooling circuit 37 is changed to the first and second refrigerant circulation circuits. A double-pipe waste heat exchanger 45 is provided to communicate with 3,103. On the other hand, a thermostat is located in the middle of the outlet pipe 40.
46 is provided and extends from the thermostat 46 to the inlet pipe.
A waste heat pipe 47 connected to 41 is provided. The waste heat exchanger 45 transmits the temperature of the cooling water in the waste heat pipe 47 to the refrigerant in the first pipe 12.

Therefore, the driving of the compressors 5, 105 by the engine 1 can be suppressed by the amount of heat given from the cooling water to the refrigerant in the first pipe 12, and heating can be performed effectively.

In the above case, the waste heat pipe 47 is provided with an electromagnetic cooling water valve 48.
Is provided. The cooling water valve 48 is connected to the bypass valve 29.
When the compressor 5 exceeds a predetermined discharge capacity, that is, when the pressure of the refrigerant in the discharge pipe 6 exceeds a predetermined value, the pressure sensor 30 detects The cooling water valve 48 is closed by a signal.

Therefore, for example, when the heating by the indoor heat exchanger 111 of the second refrigerant circulation circuit 103 becomes excessive and the discharge capacity of the compressor 105 becomes a predetermined value or more, the cooling water valve 48 is closed,
Heat from the cooling water is not transmitted to the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circuit 103. Therefore, the heat is given to the refrigerant of the first refrigerant circuit 3 by that much, and the heating by this is effectively performed.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, reference numeral 51 denotes an outdoor unit, and the outdoor unit 51 has a base 52. A sheet metal case 53 is provided on one side of the base 52, and the engine 1 is housed in the case 53. An intake pipe 54 extends from the engine 1, and an air cleaner 55 is attached to an extension end of the intake pipe 54. The air cleaner 55 is placed on the upper surface of the case 53, and a sheet metal cover 56 that covers the air cleaner 55 is provided. 57 is an exhaust pipe, and 58 is a muffler. Each of the compressors 5 and 105 is connected to the V-belt transmission means 5 by the engine 1.
9 are driven simultaneously.

In the above case, the air cleaner 55 is provided outside the case 53 in order to reduce the influence of heat from the engine 1. Therefore, the hot air of the engine 1 causes the air cleaner 55
Is prevented from being deteriorated early due to the heating of the components. Further, since the intake air of the engine 1 is also prevented from being heated, the performance of the engine 1 is kept good.

The radiator 42 and the outdoor heat exchangers 10, 110 are vertically stacked on the base 52, and the laminate 61 is formed in a U-shape in plan view. The laminate 61 is a case 53
, And an opening of the laminate 61 in a plan view.
62 is closed by the case 53 and the cover body 56.

The upper surface of the cover body 56 and the upper surface of the laminated body 61 have substantially the same height, and the fans 15, 15 are supported on a frame 63 provided on these upper surface portions. When the fans 15, 15 operate, the laminated body 6
Air in the space surrounded by 1 is exhausted through each upper end of the cover body 56 and the laminated body 61, and at this time, the outside air passes through the radiator 42 and the outdoor heat exchangers 10, 110, thereby allowing the air to pass between the outside air and the outside air. Sufficient heat exchange is performed.

The waste heat exchanger 45 is formed in an annular shape in a plan view, and is disposed at a lower portion of the waste heat exchanger 45 in order to effectively use a space surrounded by the stacked body 61. In the space surrounded by the waste heat exchanger 45, tanks such as the liquid separators 18, 118 and the liquid receivers 24, 124, which are components of the refrigerant circulation circuits 3, 103, are stored. Further, a piping unit 65 composed of the first pipings 12, 112 and the like is disposed at a lower portion in a space surrounded by the laminate 61. That is, these tanks and piping units
By arranging 65 in the space surrounded by the stacked body 61, the space surrounded by the stacked body 61 is effectively used.
In this case, the waste heat exchanger 45 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 1.
The air passing through 0,110 is prevented from directly striking the tanks, and these tanks are protected from being affected by heat.

In the above case, each of the outdoor heat exchangers 10 and 110 is divided into upper and lower three parts. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 10 includes the upper divided body 10a, the middle divided body 10b, and the lower divided body 10c.
The outdoor heat exchanger 110 is also composed of an upper divided body 110a, a middle divided body 110b, and a lower divided body 110c.
These are arranged alternately up and down between the two refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103.

Therefore, even if the passing wind speed of the portion close to the fans 15 and 15 is high and the passing wind speed of the far portion is low, the heat exchange by the outdoor heat exchangers 10 and 110 of the refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103 is performed without bias. .

In the above case, the radiator 42 is located at the top of the stacked body 61. For this reason, the hot air that has passed through the radiator 42 and has become high temperature flows into the first and second refrigerant circulation circuits 3 and 103.
Is prevented from being affected by heat.

In addition, reference numeral 66 denotes an electrical component storage box, which is provided on the upper surface of the case 53, that is, provided so as not to be heated by the engine 1, thereby protecting the electrical components.

Although the above description is based on the illustrated example, both outdoor heat exchangers 10, 1
The arrangement of the divided bodies of 10 is simply to make the distribution of the cooling air to the outdoor heat exchangers 10 and 110 as uniform as possible. 10a, upper divided body 110a, middle divided body 110b, middle divided body 10b, lower divided body 10c, lower divided body
The two refrigerant circulation circuits 3, 103 may be arranged alternately up and down so as to be 110c. Further, the division is not limited to three, and may be two or four or more.

Further, three or more refrigerant circulation circuits may be provided. In this case, for example, the refrigerant circulation circuit has three systems, and the outdoor heat exchangers 10 and 110 of each system are each divided into upper and lower parts, and these are divided into upper and lower parts of the first to third systems. In this case, the arrangement may be such that, from the top, the first to third system upper divisions, the same as the first to third lower divisions, and the first to third lower divisions from the top. You may make it the upper division | segmentation body of a system, and the lower division | segmentation body of a 3rd from 1st system.

(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention, a radiator and an outdoor heat exchanger are vertically stacked, and the laminate is formed in a U-shape in plan view.
A fan is provided on this upper portion, and the outdoor unit is configured so that the air in the space surrounded by the laminate is discharged by the operation of the fan, so that the air in the space surrounded by the laminate is discharged when the fan is operated. As the outside air passes through the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger,
In these, heat exchange with the outside air is performed sufficiently.

Also, as described above, a fan is provided at the top of the laminate,
In addition, since the components of the refrigerant circuit are accommodated in the space surrounded by the laminate, the outer surfaces and the inner space of the outdoor unit are effectively used. Therefore, the outdoor unit can be downsized accordingly.

In the above configuration, if the refrigerant circulation circuit is provided in a duplicate system, the outdoor heat exchanger of each refrigerant circulation circuit is divided into a plurality of upper and lower parts, and these divided bodies are arranged alternately in the upper and lower parts of each system. Even when the wind speed at the portion near the fan is high and the wind speed at the portion far from the fan is low, heat exchange by the outdoor heat exchangers of the respective refrigerant circulation circuits is performed without bias.

Further, in the above configuration, while the radiator is arranged at the uppermost part, when the piping unit of the refrigerant having the refrigerant circulation circuit is arranged at a lower part in the space surrounded by the laminated body, the hot air when the radiator is forcibly cooled by the fan is generated. The influence of heat on the refrigerant circuit is prevented.

Further, in the above configuration, in the case where a waste heat heat exchanger that transmits the temperature of the cooling water for the engine to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is provided, the waste heat heat exchanger is formed in an annular shape in plan view, and the laminate is formed. It is arranged in the lower part of the surrounding space, and if the waste heat heat exchanger accommodates tanks such as a liquid separator constituting a refrigerant circulation circuit in the surrounding space, these waste heat heat exchangers and tanks Are both housed in the space surrounded by the laminate, so that the outdoor unit can be downsized.
At this time, in order to prevent the air passing through the outdoor heat exchanger from striking the tanks, the waste heat exchanger uses the tanks in a ratio based on the heat effect of the air passing through the outdoor heat exchanger. Protected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an entire side, FIG. 2 is an overall diagram, and FIG. 3 is a plan cross-sectional view. 1 ... Engine, 3 ... First refrigerant circuit, 10,110 ...
Outdoor heat exchanger, 15… Fan, 18, 118… Liquid separator (tanks), 24, 124… Liquid receiver (tanks), 42… Radiator, 45, 145… Waste heat heat exchanger, 51… Outdoor Unit, 61 ... Laminated body, 65 ... Piping unit, 103 ... Second
Refrigerant circulation circuit.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-73040 (JP, A) JP-A-57-177056 (JP, U) JP-A-60-116161 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An engine-driven heat pump device provided with a refrigerant circulation circuit driven by an engine, wherein a radiator for cooling the engine and an outdoor heat exchanger for refrigerant of the refrigerant circulation circuit are vertically stacked. The laminate is formed in a U-shape in plan view, and a fan for discharging air in a space surrounded by the laminate is provided at an upper portion of the laminate, and the refrigerant is disposed in a space surrounded by the laminate. An outdoor unit of an engine-driven heat pump device containing the components of the circulation circuit 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of refrigerant circulation circuits are provided, and the outdoor heat exchangers of each of the refrigerant circulation circuits are divided into upper and lower parts, and these divided bodies are alternately arranged vertically in each system. The outdoor unit of the engine driven heat pump device. 3. The engine-driven heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the radiator is arranged at an uppermost part, and a refrigerant piping unit of the refrigerant circuit is arranged at a lower part in a space surrounded by the laminate. Outdoor unit. 4. A waste heat heat exchanger for transmitting the temperature of cooling water for an engine to a refrigerant in a refrigerant circuit, wherein the waste heat heat exchanger is formed in an annular shape in plan view and in a space surrounded by the laminate. The engine drive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a tank such as a liquid separator forming a refrigerant circuit is housed in a space surrounded by the waste heat heat exchanger. An outdoor unit for a heat pump unit.