JP2699744B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing machine used for disassembling an old concrete structure, for example, by attaching a crushing mechanism as a work attachment to a hydraulic shovel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A boom and an arm are provided as a front attachment in a working machine such as a hydraulic shovel or the like. 2. Description of the Related Art A crushing working machine equipped with a crushing mechanism and dismantling an old concrete structure such as an old building is conventionally known. Here, since the crushing mechanism crushes concrete or the like, there is an inconvenience that dust is generated during the crushing operation and the surrounding environment is polluted. In order to prevent such dust pollution, various proposals have conventionally been made.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 62-173456 discloses a method in which a watering nozzle is provided at a deep position in the middle of a pair of crushing arms, and water pressurized from the watering nozzle to a portion to be crushed by the crushing arm is provided. By squirting,
The generation of dust of crushed powder is prevented. Further, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-30458 discloses a construction in which a water spray nozzle is provided toward a crushing operation section of a crusher, and water is sprayed through the water spray nozzle during the crushing operation. Furthermore, "Hydraulic Crusher Osumi Series" published on page 28-31 of the magazine "Construction Machinery" (issued in July 1991) shows a hydraulic crusher capable of spraying water toward a crushing arm. Have been.

[0004]

By the way, when concrete or the like is crushed, dust scatters in an arbitrary direction. However, in the above-mentioned prior arts, water is sprayed directly to a portion to be crushed, which not only limits the water spraying range, but also the water jetting direction of the water spray nozzle and the crushing means. There is a case where water cannot be sprayed on the entire area where dust is generated, such as a blind spot in the water spray area due to the relationship with the position, and there is a disadvantage that scattering of the dust cannot always be completely prevented. Therefore, in order to surely prevent the scattering of dust, water must be sprayed by an operator. Further, when the crushing area and the watering nozzle are close to each other, there is a problem that dust or a relatively large lump rebounds due to an impact at the time of crushing, thereby damaging the watering nozzle or causing clogging.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to prevent scattering of crushed dust and splashing to the spray nozzle side. An object of the present invention is to provide a compacted working machine.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a water curtain forming means for forming a water curtain which wraps substantially the entire crushing area from behind the crushing area by the crushing means. The feature is that it is.

[0007]

Normally, in order to prevent dust generated by crushing from scattering to the surroundings, the dust may be brought into contact with water. For this reason, in the prior art, water is directly sprayed toward the crushing area. However, it is not always necessary to sprinkle water directly into the crushing area. In the present invention,
When crushing by operating the crushing mechanism, the portion where dust is generated is wrapped and sealed by a water curtain to prevent scattering. In addition, since water is supplied from the rear of the crushing mechanism to form the water curtain in order to contain the crushed dust, it is possible to prevent the dust from being scattered outside from the portion where the water curtain is formed. Some of them pass through a water curtain, but they have a relatively large particle size and do not flutter because they come into contact with water when passing through the water curtain.
Therefore, contamination of the surrounding environment due to dust can be reliably prevented.

In addition, since a water curtain is formed from the rear of the crushing mechanism, and pressurized water is not supplied directly from a short distance toward the crushing area, dust or crushed particles of larger size due to the impact at the time of crushing. Even if it bounces,
These are not directed to the water curtain forming means, and are regulated by the crushing means located in front of the water curtain forming means, so that they do not directly hit the water curtain forming means, so that they are not damaged or clogged. Without the risk of
The water curtain forming means can be operated stably for a long period of time.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the crushing machine. In the drawing, 1 indicates a hydraulic excavator body, and 2 indicates a front attachment. The hydraulic excavator body 1 includes a lower traveling structure 1a and an upper revolving structure 1b, and the front attachment 2 includes a boom 2a and an arm 2b connected to a tip of the boom 2a.
Various working mechanisms are detachably attached to the tip of the arm 2b as a working attachment. When used as a crushing machine, the crushing mechanism 10 is attached to this arm 2b.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the crushing mechanism 10 has a pair of crushing claws 11, 11 as crushing means.
The crushing claws 11 and 11 are rotatable about a shaft 12 in directions approaching and separating from each other, and the shaft 12 is supported by support plates 13 and 13. Support plates 13, 13
Are connected to a support bracket 14, and connecting plates 15, 15 are continuously provided on the opposite side of the extending direction of the support plate 13 of the support bracket 14, that is, on the back side.
15 is connected to the arm 2b. Crushing claws 11, 11
Have crushing portions 11a, 11a on inner surfaces facing each other, and can be opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 16 as a driving means.

When the hydraulic cylinder 16 is operated, the crushing claws 11, 11 open and close, and the crushing portion 11
The concrete can be dismantled by crushing the concrete or the like by a and 11a. However, dust is generated at the time of crushing, and if the dust soars and scatters around, the environment is polluted. Therefore, the crushing machine is provided with a mechanism for preventing scattering of dust. That is, the support bracket 1
4, a cross-shaped water pipe 20 having a water flow passage therein is fixedly mounted on the back side of the pipe 4, and four tip portions 20 a to 20 d of the water pipe 20 project outward of the support bracket 14. ing. The projecting ends 20a to 20d of the water pipe 20 are closed, and the crushing claws 11
On the outside, nozzles 21a to 21d for spraying water for forming a water curtain in the extending direction are respectively opened. Here, each of the nozzles 21a to 21d is
Water is spouted in a substantially fan shape, and has a slit-shaped opening that expands from the base end to the tip end, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. This forms a water curtain in which the nozzles 21a and 21c expand in the horizontal direction and the nozzles 21b and 21d expand in the vertical direction, as indicated by phantom lines in FIGS. Thereby, the crushing claws 11, 1
1 is almost completely covered by a water curtain from its rear position.

Next, based on FIG.
A water supply mechanism for jetting from 1d to form a water curtain will be described. Here, water is supplied using tap water. For this purpose, one end of a hose 31 is connected to a faucet 30a of a water pipe 30, and the other end of the hose 31 is connected to a water pipe via a connection pipe 31a. The tap water is connected to a suction port of a pump 32, and tap water is pressurized to a predetermined pressure by the water pump 32. A water supply pipe 33 connected to the water pipe 20 is connected to a discharge port of the water pump 32. The water pump 32 is hydraulically driven, and for this purpose, a hydraulic pump 35 driven by an engine 34 is provided.
The hydraulic oil supplied from the
To be driven. The water pump 32
An electromagnetic switching valve 37 is provided at an intermediate position of the hydraulic pipe 36 to control the operation of the electromagnetic switching valve 37.
In order to control the operation of the solenoid 37a, a changeover switch 38 is provided in the cab 3 of the upper swing body 1b, as is apparent from FIG. In the drawing, reference numeral 39 denotes a battery for supplying power to the solenoid 37a.

Here, since tap water is used as a water supply source, the water supply may be interrupted due to, for example, the disconnection of the hose 31 from the faucet 30a or the interruption of water supply. Despite such a situation, the water pump 32
If the operation of is continued, seizure or the like may occur. Therefore, a galvanic flow sensor 40 for detecting the flow of water in the connection pipe 31a is provided at an intermediate position of the connection pipe 31a, and it is detected by the galvanometer sensor 40 that no water flows in the connection pipe 31a. At times, the solenoid 37a is demagnetized by the circuit breaker 41, the electromagnetic switching valve 37 is switched, the supply of the pressure oil to the water pump 32 is stopped, and the operation of the water pump 32 is stopped.

If for some reason the amount of water supplied from the hose 31 is reduced, the flow path of the water supply pipe 33 is narrowed, or the nozzles 21a to 21d are clogged, the hydraulic pump 32 side The relief valve 42 provided in the primary hydraulic pipe 36a is opened, and a part of the pressure oil
It is to be returned to 3. This prevents the primary hydraulic pipe 36a, the secondary hydraulic pipe 36b that is a return pipe from the water pump 32, and the water supply pipe 33 from bursting.

This embodiment is constructed as described above. To dismantle a concrete structure using this crushing machine, the tip of the arm 2b of the front attachment 2 mounted on the excavator body 1 is required. The crushing mechanism 10 is attached to the part. The mounting of the crushing mechanism 10 is performed by connecting the connecting plates 15, 15 to predetermined positions on the arm 2b. And the crushing mechanism 10
The crushing claws 11 constituting the crushing claws 11 are moved to a portion to be crushed, and a pair of crushing claws 11,
11 is opened and closed, and the crushing portions 11 of the crushing claws 11 and 11 are opened.
The concrete is crushed by sandwiching the concrete between a and 11a.

When the concrete is crushed, dust is generated by the crushing. In order to prevent pollution of the environment, it is necessary to prevent the dust from soaring and scattering around. Therefore, the hose 31 is connected to the faucet 3 of the water pipe 30.
The crushed area is wrapped with a water curtain when concrete is crushed. That is, when the changeover switch 38 provided in the cab 3 is turned ON, the solenoid 37a of the electromagnetic switching valve 37 is excited, and the electromagnetic valve 37 is switched from the position (a) to the position (b). As a result, the pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic pump 35 to the water pump 32, and the water pump 32 operates to pressurize the water supplied from the hose 31 and to feed the water from the water supply pipe 33 to the water pipe 20.
The pressurized water supplied to the water pipe 20 in this manner is:
Nozzles 21a to 21a provided at the four protruding ends 20a to 20d
A water curtain is sprayed from 21d toward the crushing claws 11 and 11 so as to expand in a fan shape, and a water curtain covering almost the entire crushing area by the crushing claws 11 and 11 is formed. As a result, dust generated by the crushing is confined in a portion surrounded by the water curtain, and does not scatter outside. There are also some that pass through this water curtain, but these are relatively large particles, and because they come into contact with water when the water curtain passes, they scatter or soar after passing through the water curtain. Nothing. As a result, the surrounding environment can be reliably maintained in a clean state without watering by the operator.

Moreover, the nozzles 21a to 21d for supplying the water curtain are mounted on a support bracket 14 located behind the crushing claws 11, 11, and are sufficiently away from a portion where the crushing operation is performed. Since it is not directed directly to the crushing area, the crushed material containing relatively large particles hits and damages the nozzles 21a to 21d by rebound due to the impact at the time of crushing, and clogging is caused by minute dust. It does not occur and protection is achieved.

Further, since tap water is used as a supply source of the water curtain, water can be continuously supplied without replenishment. However, there is a possibility that the hose 31 may come off from the faucet 30a or cut off the water. However, connection pipe 3
When water is no longer supplied to 1a, it is detected by the galvanometer sensor 40.
And the circuit breaker 41 operates, and the electromagnetic switching valve 3
7, the solenoid 37a is demagnetized, the electromagnetic switching valve 37 is switched, and the hydraulic pump 35 enters an idling state. As a result, the water pump 32 is stopped, so that there is no inconvenience such as burning of the water pump 32. In addition, the use of the water pump 32 in this way makes it possible to simplify the mechanism for supplying the water curtain, since the drive mechanism is simpler than, for example, the one that supplies water using an engine pump or the like. .

Next, FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a crushing mechanism 50 using a crushing drill 51 is shown.
A nozzle member 53 that constitutes a water curtain forming means is fixed to a driving portion 52 of the drill 51. The nozzle member 53 is formed of an annular member having a loop-shaped water flow passage 54 therein. A plurality of nozzles 55 communicating with the water flow passage 54 are formed. The water flow passage 54 has a water supply pipe (not shown). Is connected. Even with such a configuration, a water curtain that almost completely surrounds the crushing area by the drill 51 is formed, and scattering of dust due to crushing can be reliably prevented.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, a water curtain forming means is provided at a position behind the crushing area by the crushing means, and a water curtain covering almost the entire crushing area is formed from the water curtain forming means. The dust generated by crushing is almost completely confined in the area surrounded by the water curtain, which may cause inconveniences such as limiting the watering range due to blind spots of the crushing means. The water curtain supply means is not directed directly to the crushing area, and the water curtain supply means is damaged or clogged by the rebound of the crushed material. Various effects such as a stable water curtain can be formed without any inconvenience.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a crushing machine showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the crushing mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a nozzle.

FIG. 6 is a configuration explanatory view of a mechanism for supplying pressurized water for forming a water curtain to a nozzle.

FIG. 7 is an external view of a crushing mechanism showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic excavator 2 Front attachment 2a Arm 10,50 Crushing mechanism 11 Crushing claw 20 Water pipe 20a-20d Tip part 21a-21d Nozzle 30 Water pipe 31 Hose 32 Water pump 33 Water supply pipe 35 Hydraulic pump 37 Electromagnetic switching valve 40 Current detection Sensor 41 Circuit breaker 51 Drill 52 Drive unit 53 Nozzle member 53 54 Water flow passage 55 Nozzle

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Kanai 650, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura Plant (56) References JP-A-6-26212 (JP, A) JP-A-4 179773 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 62-173456 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 4-100819 (JP, U)

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A crushing working machine in which a crushing mechanism provided with crushing means is mounted on a front attachment of a hydraulic shovel or other working machine, etc., wherein a water curtain wrapping substantially the entire crushing area from behind the crushing area by the crushing means. A crushing working machine, characterized in that a water curtain forming means for forming a water curtain is provided. 2. The crushing working machine according to claim 1, wherein said water curtain forming means comprises a plurality of water jet nozzles provided on a bracket supporting said crushing means. 3. The bracket according to claim 2, wherein nozzles for jetting water in a fan shape are provided at four positions of the bracket, and each of the nozzles forms a substantially rectangular water curtain. Crusher. 4. A crushing working machine according to claim 2, wherein a number of nozzles are arranged in a loop on said bracket at predetermined pitch intervals. 5. The water curtain forming means is configured so that water supplied from a water pipe is pressurized and supplied by a water pump driven by pressure oil supplied from a hydraulic pump. Item 4. A crushing machine according to Item 1. 6. A flow detecting means for detecting a flow of water is provided in a pipe from the water pipe to the water pump, and when the flow of water in the pipe is interrupted by the flow detecting means, a pressure applied to the water pump is reduced. 6. The crushing machine according to claim 5, wherein a water pump stopping means for stopping oil supply is provided.