JP2696536B2 - Method and apparatus for removing harmful gas and dust - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for removing harmful gas and dustInfo
- Publication number
- JP2696536B2 JP2696536B2 JP63269011A JP26901188A JP2696536B2 JP 2696536 B2 JP2696536 B2 JP 2696536B2 JP 63269011 A JP63269011 A JP 63269011A JP 26901188 A JP26901188 A JP 26901188A JP 2696536 B2 JP2696536 B2 JP 2696536B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- absorbing solution
- air
- dust
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Landscapes
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、宇宙空間等の微小重力環境において、実験
用の動物を飼育する部分の空気中の有害ガス・塵埃を除
去する方法および装置に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for removing harmful gases and dust in air in a part where experimental animals are bred in a microgravity environment such as outer space. Things.
近年、米国におけるスペースシャトルの打上げならび
に宇宙ステーション計画の具体的進展に伴い、宇宙有人
活動に関する動きが急速に活発化しつつある。一方、宇
宙環境における安全にして快適な有人活動の実施のため
には、宇宙個有の環境がどのような影響を人体に及ぼす
かを把握し、充分な対策を検討する必要がある。In recent years, with the launch of the Space Shuttle in the United States and the concrete progress of the Space Station Project, movements related to space manned activities are rapidly becoming active. On the other hand, in order to implement safe and comfortable manned activities in the space environment, it is necessary to understand what effects the space-specific environment has on the human body and to consider sufficient countermeasures.
宇宙環境が人体に及ぼす影響に関するデータは、人間
（宇宙飛行士）を被検者とする各種の検査ならびに動物
実験より得られる。一方、人間を被検者とする検査には
種々の制約があり、動物実験にたよらざるを得ないケー
スも多数存在するが、従来の動物実験は２、３のごく限
られた実験のみであった。Data on the effects of the space environment on the human body are obtained from various tests and animal experiments on humans (astronauts). On the other hand, there are various restrictions on the examination using humans as subjects, and there are many cases in which it is necessary to rely on animal experiments. However, conventional animal experiments are only a few experiments. Was.
これは、狭隘な宇宙機の中で人間と動物が共存するこ
とによって、動物側から発生する悪臭ガスによる空気の
汚染（不快なる臭気）が主たる理由である。1985年４月
に打ち上げられたスペースシャトル チャレンジャー
（STS51−Ｂ）におけるライフサイエンス実験SL3におい
ても、動物飼育実験の不備が原因にて失敗している。The main reason for this is that when humans and animals coexist in a narrow spacecraft, air pollution (unpleasant odor) due to malodorous gas generated from the animal side is the main reason. In the life science experiment SL3 of the Space Shuttle Challenger (STS51-B) launched in April 1985, it failed due to inadequate animal breeding experiments.
このように、人間と動物が宇宙機中で共存するには、
宇宙機中の空気を汚染させない動物飼育装置の開発が急
務である。Thus, for humans and animals to coexist in spacecraft,
There is an urgent need to develop animal breeding equipment that does not pollute the air in spacecraft.
動物ならびに動物が排出する糞尿より発生する有害ガ
スは、通常、既に脱臭剤として実用化されている活性
炭、活性炭繊維、鉄（II）・アスコルビン酸系吸着剤な
どの吸着剤を利用し得る。The harmful gas generated from animals and manure discharged from animals can usually utilize adsorbents such as activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, and iron (II) / ascorbic acid-based adsorbent which have already been put into practical use as deodorants.
しかしながら、これらの吸着剤のうち鉄（II）・アス
コルビン酸系吸着剤は非再生型であり、活性炭、活性炭
繊維は再生型ではあるものの、再生には過大な装置と多
大なエネルギーを必要とし、宇宙空間にて再生すること
は現実的に困難であり非再生型の使用となる。このた
め、長期間にわたる宇宙環境での動物飼育において、吸
着剤のみによって有害ガスを除去するには、膨大な量の
吸着剤を必要とし、小型・軽量化が不可欠である宇宙機
搭載実験装置としては著しく不都合である。However, among these adsorbents, iron (II) and ascorbic acid-based adsorbents are non-regenerating types, and activated carbon and activated carbon fibers are regeneration types, but regeneration requires an excessive amount of equipment and a large amount of energy, Reproduction in outer space is practically difficult and results in non-regeneration-type use. Therefore, in animal breeding in a space environment for a long period of time, removing harmful gas using only an adsorbent requires an enormous amount of adsorbent, and it is indispensable for a spacecraft mounted experimental device to be small and light in weight. Is significantly inconvenient.
そこで、宇宙機搭載用の動物飼育装置にとっては、吸
着剤の所要量が少ない小型・軽量にして、かつ簡素な有
害ガス除去方式が望まれる。Therefore, for an animal breeding apparatus to be mounted on a spacecraft, a small and lightweight harmful gas removal method that requires a small amount of adsorbent is desired.
また、動物飼育装置において発生する代表的な有害ガ
スの組成と濃度の比は、概ね次の如くである。The ratio of the composition and concentration of a typical harmful gas generated in an animal breeding apparatus is generally as follows.
アンモニア １ （基準値） トリメチルアミン 約1/100 メチルメルカプタン 1/1,000〜1/10,000 二硫化メチル 1/1,000〜1/10,000 硫化水素 1/10,000〜1/100,000 硫化メチル 1/10,000〜1/100,000 二硫化炭素 1/10,000〜1/100,000 このように、特にアンモニアが高濃度であり、アンモ
ニアを効率よく除去することが、吸着剤に対する負荷を
大幅に小さくし、有害ガス除去装置を小型・軽量化する
上で肝要である。Ammonia 1 (standard value) Trimethylamine 1/100 Methyl mercaptan 1 / 1,000 to 1 / 10,000 Methyl disulfide 1 / 1,000 to 1 / 10,000 Hydrogen sulfide 1 / 10,000 to 1 / 100,000 Methyl sulfide 1 / 10,000 to 1 / 100,000 Disulfide Carbon 1 / 10,000 to 1 / 100,000 As described above, particularly high concentration of ammonia, efficient removal of ammonia can greatly reduce the load on the adsorbent and reduce the size and weight of the harmful gas removal device. It is important.
本発明は、上記の現状に鑑み、宇宙搭載用の動物飼育
装置の不備を改良するためになされたものであり、小型
・軽量にして取替を要する消耗材料量の少ない有害ガス
・塵埃の除去方法および装置を提供することを目的とす
るものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and has been made in order to improve the deficiencies of an animal breeding device for use in space, and removes harmful gases and dusts that are small and lightweight and require a small amount of consumable materials to be replaced. It is an object to provide a method and an apparatus.
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の有害ガス・塵
埃の除去方法は、微小重力環境において動物を飼育する
閉鎖系環境中のアンモニアガスを主成分とする有害ガス
を含む空気を、水を主成分とする吸収液に接触させるこ
とにより、該空気中に含まれる有害ガス・塵埃を除去す
るに際し、吸収液のpHを7.0〜9.0、温度を５〜30℃に調
節し、該吸収液と前記空気とを接触させて、吸収液中に
溶解した有害ガスを微生物の作用により分解し、吸収液
の一部を循環させて吸収液中の塵埃をろ過除去し、つい
で、循環吸収液中のガスを分離した後、循環吸収液の温
度を調節して吸収液を再生することを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above object, the method for removing harmful gas and dust according to the present invention comprises the steps of: removing air containing harmful gas containing ammonia gas as a main component in a closed system environment for breeding animals in a microgravity environment; By removing the harmful gas and dust contained in the air by contacting with the absorbent as the main component, the pH of the absorbent is adjusted to 7.0 to 9.0 and the temperature to 5 to 30 ° C. By contacting with the air, the harmful gas dissolved in the absorbing solution is decomposed by the action of microorganisms, a part of the absorbing solution is circulated to remove the dust in the absorbing solution, and then the circulating absorbing solution is removed. After the gas is separated, the temperature of the circulating absorbent is adjusted to regenerate the absorbent.
また本発明の方法は、上記の方法において、吸収液と
空気とを接触させた後、空気を活性炭、活性炭繊維、鉄
（II）・アスコルビン酸系吸着剤等の吸着剤と接触させ
ることを特徴としている。Further, the method of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned method, after bringing the absorbing solution into contact with air, the air is brought into contact with an adsorbent such as activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, iron (II) / ascorbic acid-based adsorbent. And
一方、本発明の有害ガス・塵埃の除去装置は、第１図
を参照して説明すれば、微小重力環境において動物を飼
育する環境中の空気と水を主成分とする吸収液とを接触
させる気液接触装置３と、吸収液中にて発生するガスを
分離する気液分離装置７とを包含することを特徴として
いる。On the other hand, the harmful gas / dust removing device of the present invention, when described with reference to FIG. 1, brings air in an environment where animals are bred in a microgravity environment into contact with an absorbent mainly composed of water. It is characterized by including a gas-liquid contact device 3 and a gas-liquid separation device 7 for separating gas generated in the absorbing liquid.
また本発明の装置は、微小重力環境において動物を飼
育する環境中の空気と水を主成分とする吸収液とを接触
させる気液接触装置３と、吸収液中にて発生するガスを
分離する気液分離装置７と、吸収液中に蓄積される塵埃
を除去するフィルター４、吸収液の温度調節装置５およ
び循環ポンプ12からなる吸収液再生・循環装置６とを包
含することを特徴としている。Further, the device of the present invention separates gas generated in the absorbing solution from a gas-liquid contacting device 3 for bringing air in the environment where animals are raised in a microgravity environment into contact with an absorbing solution mainly composed of water. It is characterized by including a gas-liquid separation device 7, a filter 4 for removing dust accumulated in the absorption solution, an absorption solution regeneration / circulation device 6 including an absorption solution temperature control device 5 and a circulation pump 12. .
さらに本発明の装置は、気液接触装置３の下流側に、
活性炭、活性炭繊維、鉄（II）・アスコルビン酸系吸着
剤等の吸着剤を用いた有害ガス除去装置８を設けて形成
される。Further, the device of the present invention is provided on the downstream side of the gas-liquid contact device 3,
It is formed by providing a harmful gas removing device 8 using an adsorbent such as activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, iron (II) / ascorbic acid type adsorbent.
pH調節用の酸性物質としては、蒸気圧が小さく飼育部
内の空気へのガス成分の混入の少ない硫酸が適切であ
る。As an acidic substance for pH adjustment, sulfuric acid having a small vapor pressure and a small amount of gas components mixed into the air in the breeding unit is suitable.
本発明において、吸収液にアンモニアを吸収させる方
式としては、宇宙空間では重力による気液分離が困難で
あり、気液接触装置の小型・軽量化のためには、疎水性
高分子による多孔質膜もしくは多孔質中空系を使用し、
アンモニアガスを吸収液へ吸収させる方式が望ましい。In the present invention, as a method for absorbing ammonia in an absorbing liquid, it is difficult to separate gas-liquid by gravity in space, and a porous membrane made of a hydrophobic polymer is required for reducing the size and weight of a gas-liquid contacting device. Or use a porous hollow system,
A method in which ammonia gas is absorbed by the absorbing solution is desirable.
すなわち第２図に示すように、高分子多孔質膜20を介
して、吸収液とアンモニア含有飼育部空気とを接触さ
せ、アンモニアのみを高分子多孔質膜20を通して吸収液
中に移行させる膜方式、または第３図に示すように、高
分子多孔質中空系21内にアンモニア含有飼育部空気を流
し、中空系21外に吸収液を存在させることにより、アン
モニアのみを中空系21を通して吸収液中に移行させる中
空系方式である。That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a membrane system in which the absorbing solution is brought into contact with the ammonia-containing breeding section air through the polymer porous membrane 20 and only ammonia is transferred into the absorbing solution through the polymer porous membrane 20. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, by flowing ammonia-containing breeding unit air into the polymer porous hollow system 21 and allowing the absorbing solution to exist outside the hollow system 21, only ammonia can be passed through the hollow system 21 and absorbed in the absorbing solution. It is a hollow system that shifts to.
吸収液のpHが7.0未満の場合は、アンモニアを分解す
る微生物の増殖速度が著しく小さくなるため、微生物に
よるアンモニアの分解を利用することが事実上困難とな
るという不都合点があり、一方、吸収液のpHが9.0を超
える場合は、アンモニアを分解する微生物の生存が難し
く、徐々に死滅するという不都合がある。If the pH of the absorbing solution is less than 7.0, the growth rate of the microorganisms that decompose ammonia is significantly reduced, so there is a disadvantage that it is practically difficult to utilize the decomposition of ammonia by the microorganisms. If the pH exceeds 9.0, it is difficult for microorganisms that decompose ammonia to survive, and there is an inconvenience that they gradually die.
また吸収液の温度が５℃未満の場合は、アンモニアを
分解する微生物の増殖速度が著しく小さくなり、微生物
によるアンモニアの分解の利用が難しくなるという不都
合点があり、一方、吸収液の温度が30℃を超える場合
は、吸収液におけるアンモニアの平衡蒸気圧が大とな
り、吸収装置ガス出口部におけるガス中のアンモニア濃
度が大となり、有害ガス除去のための吸着剤への負荷が
大となり、吸着剤の所要量が増大するという不都合点が
ある。If the temperature of the absorbing solution is lower than 5 ° C., the growth rate of the microorganisms that decompose ammonia becomes extremely low, which makes it difficult to utilize the decomposition of ammonia by the microorganisms. If the temperature exceeds ℃, the equilibrium vapor pressure of ammonia in the absorbent becomes large, the concentration of ammonia in the gas at the gas outlet of the absorber becomes large, and the load on the adsorbent for removing harmful gas becomes large. However, there is an inconvenience that the required amount increases.
本発明の方法において、アンモニアの水に対する溶解
度は極めて大きく、少量の吸収液で多量のアンモニアを
吸収保持することができる。ちなみに20℃の場合のアン
モニアの水に対する溶解度は52.0g/100mlである。In the method of the present invention, the solubility of ammonia in water is extremely high, and a large amount of ammonia can be absorbed and held by a small amount of the absorbing solution. Incidentally, the solubility of ammonia in water at 20 ° C. is 52.0 g / 100 ml.
また吸収液のpHを7.0〜9.0に調節することにより、吸
収液におけるアンモニアの平衡蒸気圧を維持し、飼育部
ガスへのアンモニアガスの混入を抑制する。Further, by adjusting the pH of the absorbing solution to 7.0 to 9.0, the equilibrium vapor pressure of ammonia in the absorbing solution is maintained, and the incorporation of ammonia gas into the breeding section gas is suppressed.
さらに吸収液をpH7.0〜9.0、温度５〜30℃に保つこと
により、空気中および糞尿中に存在する微生物の作用に
より、吸収液中のアンモニアを分解する。これは次の機
構による。Further, by keeping the absorbing solution at pH 7.0 to 9.0 and at a temperature of 5 to 30 ° C, ammonia in the absorbing solution is decomposed by the action of microorganisms present in the air and manure. This is based on the following mechanism.
（１） 硝化工程 ニトロソモナス（Nitrosomonas）、ニトロコカス（Ni
trococcus）等のアンモニア酸化細菌によりアンモニア
が酸化されて亜硝酸になり、この亜硝酸がニトロバクタ
ー（Nitrobactor）等の亜硝酸酸化細菌により酸化され
て硝酸になる。(1) Nitrification process Nitrosomonas, Nitrococas (Ni
Ammonia oxidizing bacteria such as trococcus) oxidize ammonia to nitrite, which is oxidized by nitrite oxidizing bacteria such as Nitrobactor to nitrate.
（２） 脱窒工程 シュードモナス（Pseudomonas）、ミクロコカス（Mic
rococcus）等の脱窒菌により、硝酸が還元される。(2) Denitrification process Pseudomonas, Micrococcus (Mic
nitric acid is reduced by denitrifying bacteria such as rococcus).
また吸収液中の除塵のためのフィルター、吸収液の温
度調節装置および循環ポンプからなる吸収液再生・循環
装置を使用する場合は、閉鎖環境下での空気中の有害ガ
ス除去方式としても用いることができる。When using a filter for removing dust in the absorbent, an absorbent regenerating / circulating device consisting of a temperature controller for the absorbent and a circulating pump, use it as a method for removing harmful gases from the air in a closed environment. Can be.
以下、本発明の構成を図面に基づいて説明する。第１
図は本発明の有害ガス・塵埃の除去装置の一例を示して
いる。Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First
The figure shows an example of the harmful gas / dust removing device of the present invention.
微小重力環境における動物飼育部１からの汚染空気
を、CO2除去装置２に導入して、CO2を除去した後、水を
主成分とする吸収液を用いた気液接触装置３に導入し、
吸収液と汚染空気とを接触させる。吸収液と汚染空気と
は、直接接触させても良いが、前述の第２図および第３
図に示す方式のものを用いるのが望ましい。The contaminated air from the animal rearing unit 1 in a microgravity environment, by introducing the CO 2 removal device 2, after removal of the CO 2, is introduced into the gas-liquid contact device 3 using an absorbing solution mainly composed of water ,
Contact absorbing liquid with contaminated air. Although the absorbing solution and the contaminated air may be brought into direct contact with each other, the above-mentioned FIGS.
It is desirable to use the one shown in the figure.
なおCO2除去装置２としては、一例として、水酸化カ
ルシウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ物質を充填した
固気接触装置が用いられる。As the CO 2 removing device 2, for example, a solid-gas contact device filled with an alkaline substance such as calcium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is used.
気液接触装置３には、吸収液を循環するための循環ポ
ンプ12、塵埃を除去するためのフィルター４および吸収
液の温度を一定に制御するための温度調節装置５からな
る吸収液再生・循環装置６を介して気液分離装置７が接
続されている。The gas-liquid contact device 3 includes a circulating pump 12 for circulating the absorbent, a filter 4 for removing dust, and a temperature controller 5 for controlling the temperature of the absorbent constant. The gas-liquid separation device 7 is connected via the device 6.
この気液分離装置７で分離されたガスおよび気液接触
装置３からのガスは、活性炭、活性炭繊維、鉄（II）・
アスコルビン酸系吸着剤等の吸着剤を用いた有害ガス除
去装置８に導入され、ここで有害ガスを除去し、ついで
清浄ガスにO2供給装置10から酸素を供給し、温度・温度
制御装置11で温度および温度を調節した後、動物飼育部
11に循環される。The gas separated by the gas-liquid separation device 7 and the gas from the gas-liquid contact device 3 are activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, iron (II)
It is introduced into a harmful gas removing device 8 using an adsorbent such as an ascorbic acid-based adsorbent, where the harmful gas is removed, oxygen is supplied from a O 2 supply device 10 to the clean gas, and a temperature / temperature control device 11 is provided. After adjusting the temperature and temperature with the
Circulated to 11.
つぎに本発明の実施例および比較例を挙げて説明す
る。Next, examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be described.
実施例１ 第４図に示す装置を用いて実験を行った。第４図にお
いて、番号１〜11は第１図と同じものである。13は給餌
部、14は給水部、15は糞尿処理部、16は温度、湿度、O2
濃度、CO2濃度を測定する計測装置、17は圧力制御装
置、18は分析用のガスをサンプリングするガスサンプリ
ング装置である。Example 1 An experiment was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the numbers 1 to 11 are the same as those in FIG. 13 is a feeding section, 14 is a water supply section, 15 is a manure processing section, 16 is temperature, humidity, O 2
A measuring device for measuring the concentration and CO 2 concentration, 17 is a pressure control device, and 18 is a gas sampling device for sampling a gas for analysis.
動物の飼育条件はつぎの通りであった。 Animal breeding conditions were as follows.
飼育動物：ゴールデンハムスター 飼育個数:4匹 糞尿処理：なし（糞尿は飼育部に蓄積） 飼育期間:4〜42日 飼育部容積:350 空気循環量:1m3/min 飼育部温度:22〜24℃ 飼育部湿度:50〜70％ またアンモニアガスの除去方式はつぎの通りであっ
た。Animal breeding: Golden hamster Number of breeding: 4 Manure treatment: None (manure accumulated in breeding department) Breeding period: 4 to 42 days Breeding department volume: 350 Air circulation volume: 1 m 3 / min Breeding department temperature: 22 to 24 ° C Rearing room humidity: 50-70% The removal method of ammonia gas was as follows.
45の水を吸収液とし、H2SO4を添加してpHを7.0〜8.
5に調整した。吸収液の温度は７〜８℃であった。また
吸着剤として、鉄（II）・アスコルビン酸系吸着剤（ダ
イセル化学工業株式会社製、商品名アニコ（登録商
標））であるアニコ（白）1.4kgおよびアニコ（黒）1.4
kgを混合して用いた。45 of water as a absorbing solution, from 7.0 to 8 and the pH by addition of H 2 SO 4.
Adjusted to 5. The temperature of the absorbing solution was 7-8 ° C. As an adsorbent, 1.4 kg of Anico (white) and 1.4 kg of Anico (black), which are iron (II) / ascorbic acid-based adsorbents (trade name: Anico (registered trademark), manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
kg was used as a mixture.
飼育部内のガス、および吸収液中のアンモニア濃度を
測定した結果、第５図および第６図に示す如くであっ
た。なお飼育部ガスのアンモニアの分析はガス検知管法
により、吸収液中のアアンモニアの分析はインドフェノ
ール法によった。The results of measurement of the gas concentration in the breeding section and the ammonia concentration in the absorbing solution were as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The analysis of ammonia in the breeding department gas was performed by the gas detection tube method, and the analysis of ammonia in the absorbent was performed by the indophenol method.
比較例１ pH調整を実施しない水を吸収液とし、吸収液温度を11
〜13℃とした。他の条件、装置は実施例１と同様であっ
た。結果を第５図および第６図に示す。Comparative Example 1 Water without pH adjustment was used as the absorbing solution, and the temperature of the absorbing solution was adjusted to 11
~ 13 ° C. Other conditions and equipment were the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
比較例２ 吸収液を使用せず、吸着剤のみを用いて実験を行っ
た。他の条件、装置は実施例１と同様であった。結果を
第５図および第６図に示す。Comparative Example 2 An experiment was performed using only an adsorbent without using an absorbing solution. Other conditions and equipment were the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
第５図において、実施例１におけるアンモニア濃度が
長期間にわたり極めて低く保たれていることがわかる。
これは、第６図に示す吸収液におけるアンモニア濃度が
実施例１では比較例１よりも大幅に低いことで明らかな
ごとく、吸収液中にてアンモニアが分解したためであ
る。なお、比較例１においては吸収液のpH調節を実施し
ておらず、短期間にてpHが９以上となり、アンモニアを
分解する微生物の示適条件を逸脱してしまったために、
アンモニアの濃度が急速に上昇したものである。FIG. 5 shows that the ammonia concentration in Example 1 was kept extremely low over a long period of time.
This is because ammonia was decomposed in the absorbing solution as apparent from the fact that the ammonia concentration in the absorbing solution shown in FIG. 6 was much lower in Example 1 than in Comparative Example 1. In Comparative Example 1, the pH of the absorbing solution was not adjusted, and the pH became 9 or more in a short period of time.
The concentration of ammonia increased rapidly.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、微小重力下に
おける動物を飼育する閉鎖系環境における空気中のアン
モニアガスを主成分とする有害ガスを、吸着剤の所要量
が少なくて済む、小型・軽量にしてかつ簡素な装置でも
って効率よく除去することが可能であり、今後の宇宙有
人活動のための動物実験の推進に寄与するところが大で
ある。As described above, according to the present invention, the harmful gas containing ammonia gas as a main component in the air in a closed system environment for breeding animals under microgravity can be reduced in the required amount of the adsorbent. It can be efficiently removed with a lightweight and simple device, and will greatly contribute to the promotion of animal experiments for future space manned activities.
第１図は本発明の有害ガス・塵埃の除去装置の一例を示
すフローシート、第２図および第３図は第１図における
気液接触装置の要部の一例を示す説明図、第４図は実施
例で用いた装置のフローシート、第５図は実施例および
比較例における動物飼育日数と飼育部のアンモニア濃度
との関係を示すグラフ、第６図は実施例および比較例に
おける動物飼育日数と吸収液中のアンモニア濃度との関
係を示すグラフである。 １……動物飼育部、２……CO2除去装置、３……気液接
触装置、４……フィルター、５……温度調節装置、６…
…吸収液再生・循環装置、７……気液分離装置、８……
有害ガス除去装置、10……O2供給装置、11……温度・湿
度制御装置、12……循環ポンプ、13……給餌部、14……
給水部、15……糞尿処理部、16……計測装置、17……圧
力制御装置、18……ガスサンプリング装置、20……高分
子多孔質膜、21……高分子多孔質中空系FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an example of an apparatus for removing harmful gas and dust of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory views showing an example of a main part of a gas-liquid contact device in FIG. 1, and FIG. Is a flow sheet of the apparatus used in the examples, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the animal breeding days in the examples and comparative examples and the ammonia concentration in the breeding section, and FIG. 6 is the animal breeding days in the examples and comparative examples. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of ammonia and the concentration of ammonia in the absorbing solution. 1 ...... animal breeding unit, 2 ...... CO 2 removal device, 3 ...... gas-liquid contact device, 4 ...... filter, 5 ...... temperature controller, 6 ...
... Absorbent regeneration / circulation device, 7 ... Gas-liquid separator, 8 ...
Harmful gas removal apparatus, 10 ...... O 2 supply device, 11 ...... temperature and humidity control device, 12 ...... circulating pump, 13 ...... feeding unit, 14 ......
Water supply unit, 15: Manure processing unit, 16: Measuring device, 17: Pressure control device, 18: Gas sampling device, 20: Polymer porous membrane, 21: Polymer porous hollow system
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 須藤 秀雄 岐阜県各務原市川崎町１番地 川崎重工 業株式会社岐阜工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−271017（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭49−118667（ＪＰ，Ａ)Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hideo Sudo 1 Kawasaki-cho, Kakamigahara-shi, Gifu Prefecture Inside the Gifu factory of Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-61-271017 (JP, A) JP-A-49-118667 ( JP, A)
Claims (5)
系環境中のアンモニアガスを主成分とする有害ガスを含
む空気を、水を主成分とする吸収液に接触させることに
より、該空気中に含まれる有害ガス・塵埃を除去するに
際し、吸収液のpHを7.0〜9.0、温度を５〜30℃に調節
し、該吸収液と前記空気とを接触させて、吸収液中に溶
解した有害ガスを微生物の作用により分解し、吸収液の
一部を循環させて吸収液中の塵埃をろ過除去し、つい
で、循環吸収液中のガスを分離した後、循環吸収液の温
度を調節して吸収液を再生することを特徴とする有害ガ
ス・塵埃の除去方法。An air containing a harmful gas containing ammonia gas as a main component in a closed system environment for breeding an animal in a microgravity environment is brought into contact with an absorbing solution containing water as a main component to bring the air into the air. When removing the contained harmful gas and dust, adjust the pH of the absorbing solution to 7.0 to 9.0 and the temperature to 5 to 30 ° C, contact the absorbing solution with the air, and dissolve the harmful gas in the absorbing solution. Is decomposed by the action of microorganisms, a part of the absorbing solution is circulated to remove the dust in the absorbing solution, and then the gas in the circulating absorbing solution is separated. A method for removing harmful gases and dust, characterized by regenerating the liquid.
性炭、活性炭繊維及び鉄（II）・アスコルビン酸系吸着
剤の少なくともいずれかからなる吸着剤と接触させる請
求項１記載の有害ガス・塵埃の除去方法。2. The harmful substance according to claim 1, wherein after contacting the absorbing liquid with air, the air is contacted with an adsorbent comprising at least one of activated carbon, activated carbon fiber and iron (II) / ascorbic acid-based adsorbent. How to remove gas and dust.
中の空気と水を主成分とする吸収液とを接触させる気液
接触装置と、吸収液中にて発生するガスを分離する気液
分離装置とを包含することを特徴とする有害ガス・塵埃
の除去装置。3. A gas-liquid contact device for bringing air in an environment where animals are raised in a microgravity environment into contact with an absorbent mainly composed of water, and a gas-liquid separator for separating gas generated in the absorbent. An apparatus for removing harmful gas and dust, comprising: an apparatus.
中の空気と水を主成分とする吸収液とを接触させる気液
接触装置と、吸収液中にて発生するガスを分離する気液
分離装置と、吸収液中に蓄積される塵埃を除去するフィ
ルター、吸収液の温度調節装置および循環ポンプからな
る吸収液再生・循環装置とを包含することを特徴とする
有害ガス・塵埃の除去装置。4. A gas-liquid contacting device for bringing air in an environment where animals are raised in a microgravity environment into contact with an absorbing solution mainly composed of water, and a gas-liquid separating device for separating gas generated in the absorbing solution. A harmful gas / dust removal device comprising: a device; a filter for removing dust accumulated in the absorption solution; a temperature control device for the absorption solution; and an absorption solution regeneration / circulation device including a circulation pump.
繊維及び鉄（II）・アスコルビン酸系吸着剤の少なくと
もいずれかからなる吸着剤を用いた有害ガス除去装置を
設けた請求項３または４記載の有害ガス・塵埃の除去装
置。5. A harmful gas removing device using an adsorbent comprising activated carbon, activated carbon fiber and at least one of iron (II) and ascorbic acid-based adsorbents is provided downstream of the gas-liquid contacting device. Or the harmful gas / dust removal device according to 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63269011A JP2696536B2 (en) | 1988-10-25 | 1988-10-25 | Method and apparatus for removing harmful gas and dust |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63269011A JP2696536B2 (en) | 1988-10-25 | 1988-10-25 | Method and apparatus for removing harmful gas and dust |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02115021A JPH02115021A (en) | 1990-04-27 |
| JP2696536B2 true JP2696536B2 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=17466426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63269011A Expired - Fee Related JP2696536B2 (en) | 1988-10-25 | 1988-10-25 | Method and apparatus for removing harmful gas and dust |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2696536B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5436940B2 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2014-03-05 | 茂 田中 | Gas purification device |
| JP5145140B2 (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2013-02-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Air cleaning apparatus and air cleaning method |
| CN103830986B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-08-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stationary diesel engine system integrated dedusting purifier and purification method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS544872A (en) * | 1977-06-15 | 1979-01-13 | Nippon Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | Deodorizing method for gas containing malodorant |
-
1988
- 1988-10-25 JP JP63269011A patent/JP2696536B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02115021A (en) | 1990-04-27 |
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