JP2696073B2 - Television camera - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing a video signal from a television camera, and more particularly to a signal processing apparatus for correcting a camera shake of the television camera. . 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, television cameras have been put to practical use for inputting images such as broadcast or home VTRs. When this camera is imaged by hand, particularly for a general consumer who is unfamiliar with handling the camera, the image is blurred due to camera shake. Therefore, as means for removing the blur of the image, conventionally, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-1988879, the imaging range is made larger than the required screen range, and the entire imaging range is imaged. All the image data for the entire imaging range is stored in a memory, and the data in a part of the range is read out so that the range to be read out is changed according to the movement of the camera. As described above, in the above-mentioned prior art, all data of a wide range of imaging area is stored in a memory, and a signal of a normal screen range is obtained therefrom. For this reason, a very large memory is required.
Further, when a digital memory is used, it is necessary to A / D convert an image signal, and the number of quantization bits directly determines the image quality of an output image. Therefore, the number of quantization bits of the A / D converter is sufficient. Large, for example, about 8 bits is required. Therefore, there is a problem that the circuit scale of the above-mentioned conventional technology is large and is not suitable for integration. An object of the present invention is to provide a signal processing apparatus which can obtain a reproduced image of good image quality regardless of the number of quantization bits of an A / D converter and the capacity of a memory, and is therefore suitable for integration. It is in. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an image pickup unit having an image pickup device capable of picking up an image in a range wider than an image pickup range required for a screen. An image output range designating circuit for designating an image output range of the image pickup device, wherein the imaging element unit is configured to output a range of the range designated by the image output range designating circuit from a signal of the image pickup device in a range in which imaging is possible. A signal is output, and the output signal is used as a video signal and is displayed on a screen. Alternatively, an imaging unit capable of imaging a range wider than an imaging range necessary for a screen, an image output range designating circuit for designating an image output range of the imaging unit, and an output signal from the imaging unit for detecting motion. A converter for converting the signal, a memory for storing the signal for detecting the motion, and detecting the motion of the entire image by comparing the signal for detecting the motion with the signal stored in the memory. A motion detection circuit, and a correction amount determination circuit that determines a correction amount from a detection output of the motion detection circuit, wherein the image output range specification circuit specifies an image output range of the imaging unit according to the correction amount. The image pickup unit outputs a signal in a range designated by the image output range designation circuit from a signal of an image pickup element in a range in which an image can be taken, and uses the output signal as a video signal, and displays the signal on a screen. I do. In an imaging unit having no function of outputting a signal in a range designated by the image output range designation circuit,
An output signal limiting circuit configured to extract a signal in a range specified by the image output range specifying circuit from a signal of the image capturing unit; the image capturing unit outputs an image signal of an entire imageable range; The limiting circuit outputs a signal in a range specified by the image output range specifying circuit from the output signal of the imaging unit, and uses the output signal as a video signal to display it on a screen. An image pickup unit having an image pickup surface wider than an image pickup range necessary for a screen outputs a signal in a range specified by an image output range specifying circuit, and uses the signal as a video signal to specify a signal. The screen in the specified range can be displayed on the display screen. The motion detection circuit compares the signal from the converter for converting the signal into a signal for detecting the motion with the signal obtained from the converter a predetermined period before and stored in the memory. The motion of the entire image is detected. The image output range designating circuit changes the image output range according to the detected movement. Therefore, if there is a camera shake, the image on the imaging surface of the image sensor moves, and the image also moves as a whole in the image range designated by the image output range designating circuit. The motion of the entire image is detected, whereby the image output range designating circuit moves the imaging range in the moving direction of the image according to the detected amount of motion. This eliminates image blur due to camera shake. In this case, it is sufficient for the signal supplied to the motion detecting circuit to have a data amount enough to detect the motion of the entire image. Therefore, the memory stores the signal including all data from the imaging range. No need to be done. Therefore,
If the image required for display is displayed on the screen before storing the image in the memory, the number of quantization bits and the capacity of the memory do not directly determine the image quality of the reproduced image. A reproduced image of good image quality can be obtained regardless of the capacity. Therefore, the memory is not a memory for storing the output image but a memory for detecting the motion, and it is sufficient to store a data amount enough to detect the motion of the entire image, so that the memory capacity is considerably reduced. be able to. Since the number of quantization bits of the A / D converter that converts the output signal of the imaging unit into a signal for detecting motion does not affect the quality of the reproduced image, it is possible to use the minimum number of bits that can detect a motion vector. Thus, a signal processing device suitable for integration can be provided. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Here, an image pickup unit is a MOS image pickup device.
The MOS imaging device will be described. FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a basic configuration of a light receiving section in the MOS image pickup device. In FIG. 1, when receiving light, the photodiode D1 accumulates electric charge according to the amount of light received. Therefore, the gate switches supplied to the vertical direction selection line VL and the horizontal direction selection line HL cause the MOSFET switches M1, M2
Turns on, the electric charge accumulated in the photodiode D1 becomes M
After passing through the OSFETs M1 and M2, the voltage is converted by the amplifier A1 and the feedback resistor R1 to be taken out as an output signal. FIG. 3 is a basic circuit configuration diagram of the MOS image pickup device. In FIG. 2, a plurality of light receiving portions shown in FIG. 2 are arranged vertically and horizontally, one of which is indicated by P1. Here, when gate pulses are supplied to the vertical direction selection line VL1 by the vertical direction selection circuit VA1 and to the HL1 by the horizontal direction selection circuit HA1, respectively, only the light receiving portion P1 is selected and electric charge is obtained. Vertical direction selection circuit VA
1. By sequentially selecting each vertical direction selection line and each horizontal direction selection line by the horizontal direction selection circuit HA1, charges are taken out from each light receiving section in a predetermined order, and an image signal is obtained. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a television signal processing apparatus according to the present invention, wherein 1 is an image pickup unit, 2 is an A / D converter for converting an output from the image pickup unit to a digital signal, 3 is a memory for storing images, 4 is a motion detection circuit, 5 is a correction amount determination circuit that determines a correction amount based on the movement of the camera, and 6 is an output that specifies an output range from the imaging unit 1 based on the determined correction amount. This is a range designating circuit. As the imaging unit capable of specifying the output range, the MOS described in FIGS. 2 and 3 is used.
An image sensor is used. The operation of this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. In the figure, 21 is an imaging surface of the imaging unit 1, 22 is a range image output, K _H times in the horizontal direction than the imaging range required for the imaging surface 21 of the screen, the vertical direction K _V
(Where K _H and K _V are larger than 1), and the image output range 22 has the same shape and the same area as the image range necessary for the screen. The image output range 22 is controlled by the output range specifying circuit 6. 221, 222, 2
Reference numeral 23 denotes an output image at times t-1, t, and t + 1, respectively. Here, assuming that the image output range 22 is set at time t-1, the output image 221 resulting from this is used as a converter for converting an analog signal from the imaging unit into a digital signal for storing in a memory. Are converted into digital signals by the A / D converter 2 and written in the memory 3. Next, at time t, the image 221 stored in the memory 3 and the image 222 output from the imaging unit 1 are input to the motion detection circuit 4, and the motion vectors of these images are obtained. Based on the motion vector, correction of the image output range from the imaging unit 1 is obtained in the correction amount determination circuit 5, and the output range specifying circuit 6 specifies the image output range at time t + 1 as indicated by 22 'in the output image. 223
Is obtained. In this way, unnecessary movement of the camera can be eliminated, and a still image can be obtained. In this embodiment, a television signal from which unnecessary movement of the camera has been removed is directly output from the image pickup unit 1 and used as a video signal. Therefore, the output signal of the image pickup unit is converted into a signal for detecting movement. A / D converter 2 for conversion
Suffices to set the quantization bit number to the minimum bit number at which a motion vector can be detected. FIG. 5 shows the S / N of an output image according to the number of quantization bits in a conventional example in which a television signal is A / D converted and D / A converted again, and in this embodiment.
The solid line 31 is the case of this embodiment, and the broken line 32 is the case of the conventional example. Also, the memory 3 does not need to store the entire image, and therefore the number of quantization bits is reduced. From the above, the circuit scale of this embodiment is small and has a configuration suitable for integration. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the television signal processing apparatus according to the present invention.
F and 52 are subtracters, and the same reference numerals are given to portions corresponding to those in FIG. When the camera is intentionally moved, camera work and camera shake occur. However, it is necessary to separate the camera work component from the camera shake component and correct only the camera shake component. FIG. 7 shows the movement of the camera in this case. 2A shows the movement of the entire camera, FIG. 2B shows the original camera work, and FIG. 1C shows the movement due to camera shake (camera shake component).
It is. In FIG. 6, the LPF 51 extracts a camera work component (FIG. 7B) from the entire camera motion (FIG. 7A), and subtracts the camera work component from the entire camera motion. By subtracting at 52, a camera shake component (FIG. 7 (c)) is obtained. The image output range is determined based on the shake component. As a result, it is possible to obtain an image without unnecessary blurring from which camera shake has been removed. The same effect can be obtained by using an HPF instead of the LPF 51 and the subtractor 52. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing still another embodiment of the television signal processing apparatus according to the present invention.
Denotes an output signal limiting circuit, and portions corresponding to FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 1, an image pickup section 1 outputs all images during a scanning cycle T _F of a television signal. The output signal limiting circuit 7 extends the time axis of the output captured image signal using only the signal of the portion designated by the output range designating circuit 6. Thereby, even if the imaging unit 1 cannot specify the image output range, the same effect as in the previous embodiment can be obtained. In the above embodiment, it is apparent that the same effect can be obtained by moving the position of the imaging section 1 or changing the optical path by a lens or the like. Further, by making the scanning cycle of the imaging unit 1 be 1 / K _F , where K _F is an integer of 2 or more, of the television signal, it is possible to make finer and more accurate corrections. Further, in each embodiment, the imaging unit 1 is a MOS
Although the image pickup device has been described, another image pickup device (for example, an image pickup tube) may be used. As described above, according to the present invention,
Unnecessary blurring can be removed from images containing blurring unrelated to the original camera work when handheld imaging or when captured by a television camera mounted on a car or the like, so that the playback screen is easy to see and clean. Things.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a television signal processing device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a light receiving unit in the MOS imaging device. FIG. 3 is a basic circuit configuration diagram of a MOS imaging device. FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a comparison between S / N of an output image according to the number of quantization bits between the conventional example and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the television signal processing device according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing still another embodiment of the television signal processing device according to the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1 ... imaging unit, 2 ... A / D converter, 3 ... image memory, 4 ... motion detection circuit, 5 ... correction amount determination circuit, 6 ... output range designation circuit.

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Hironori Hanafusa               292 Yoshida-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa               Ritsu Video Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ryuichi Ikeda               292 Yoshida-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa               Hitachi Video Engineering Co., Ltd.               Inside                (56) References JP-A-60-143330 (JP, A)                 JP-A-61-198879 (JP, A)                 JP-A-51-73822 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An imaging unit capable of imaging a range wider than an imaging range necessary for a screen, an image output range designating circuit for designating an image output range of the imaging unit, and an output signal relating to only the image output range from the imaging unit and a converter for converting a signal for detecting the movement, a memory for storing a signal for detecting the motion, stored signal for detecting the movement output from the transducer and to said memory A motion detection circuit that detects a motion within an image output range of the imaging unit by comparing a signal for detecting the detected motion, a correction amount determination circuit that determines a correction amount from a detection output of the motion detection circuit, The image output range designating circuit designates an image output range of the image pickup unit according to the correction amount, and the image pickup unit designates the image output range designating circuit from a signal of an image pickup device in a range in which imaging is possible. Range Television camera outputs a signal, using the output signal as a video signal, and displaying on the screen. 2. An imaging unit capable of imaging a range wider than an imaging range necessary for a screen; an image output range designating circuit for designating an image output range; and a signal of a range designated by the image output range designating circuit from a signal of the imaging unit. an output signal limiting circuit for extracting, engaging only in the image output range from the output signal limiting circuit
That the output signal, and a converter for converting a signal for detecting the movement, a memory for storing a signal for detecting the motion, the memory signal for detecting a motion from the transducer and to said memory A motion detection circuit that detects a motion within an image output range of the imaging unit by comparing the detected signal with a signal for detecting the motion, and a correction amount determination circuit that determines a correction amount based on a detection output of the motion detection circuit. And the imaging unit outputs an imaging signal of an entire imaging range,
The image output range designating circuit designates a signal extraction range of the output signal limiting circuit according to the correction amount, and the output signal limiting circuit designates a range designated by the image output range designating circuit from an output signal of the imaging section. A television camera , which outputs a video signal and displays it on a screen using the output signal as a video signal. 3. Using an imaging unit having an imaging device capable of imaging a wider range than the imaging range required for screen image output range specifying circuit for specifying an image output range of the image sensor, the output signal of the image pickup unit To detect image movement
And an image motion detecting circuit, wherein the imaging section outputs a signal in the range specified by the image output range specifying circuit from a signal of the image sensor in the range that can be captured, the image motion detecting circuit Is the imaging
Specified by the output range designating circuit
The motion of the image from the imaging output signal only within the range
And the image output range so as to reduce the motion of the image.
Outputs the range designation signal to the surrounding designating circuit, and
Television cameras force signal and said Rukoto is displayed on the screen as a video signal.