JP2692755B2 - Waste dryer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for drying waste containing water such as food waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste containing water is preferably disposed of by reducing the volume and weight by crushing and drying the waste. Also, when using raw garbage as a material for compost, it is better to obtain dried compost.

[0003] There are various dryers used for the above purpose. For example, hot air or an open flame is used as a heat source for drying, but these have a problem that thermal efficiency is low and waste is ignited and dangerous. Further, there is a problem that the one using hot water as the heating medium is too low to be used for drying although there is no fear of fire. Further, there is a device using high-pressure steam as a heat medium, but there is a problem that this device can be handled only by a person with special qualification. Further, since heating is locally performed in these dryers, there is a problem that the entire waste is not uniformly heated. Further, in the conventional dryer, there is a problem that the efficiency is poor because stirring is also performed by a cutter that rotates at a speed for crushing waste.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to uniformly and efficiently dry waste containing water in a short time. The purpose is to provide a device.

The above-mentioned object has at least an input hole with a lid for throwing in waste, an extraction hole with a door for taking out dried waste, and an oil jacket for covering substantially the entire outer peripheral surface. A cylindrical container whose bottom side is placed vertically, a device for heating the oil in the oil jacket as a whole, a rotary cutter for crushing and agitating the waste provided in the container, and a vertically installed central bottom plate of the container. After the waste is put into the container, the motor that rotates the rotating shaft and the rotary cutter are rotated at high speed until the waste is crushed to a level below the specified level, and the waste is crushed to a level below the specified level and then dried. The dryer for waste consists of a controller that controls the drive of the motor so that it rotates at a low speed until it finishes, and a controller that controls the temperature of the oil in the oil jacket. .

[0006]

With the above-described structure, the entire container can be uniformly heated to a temperature suitable for drying by the operation of an unqualified person and the temperature can be maintained so that the material to be dried will not be ignited. It is possible to efficiently dry the product.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Referring to the drawings,
The details of the present invention will be described. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of a waste dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B of FIG.

In the figure, 1 is a container, 2 is an oil jacket,
3 is an exhaust device, 4 is a motor, 5 is a casing, 6 is a protective base, and A and B are broken lines.

First, FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described. This is a waste dryer with a relatively small container 1. The container 1 is formed by closing the lower part of a vertical cylindrical body with an end plate, 2 is an oil jacket provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the container 1, 10 is a charging hole provided on the upper surface, 11
Is an extraction hole provided below the same portion, 12 is a lid of the charging hole 10 having a safety valve 120 and a vacuum breaking valve 121, 13 is an opening / closing door of the discharging hole 11, and 14 is a steam discharging hole provided beside the charging hole 10. , 15 is a heat exchanger mounting hole provided in the middle of the body, 16 is an intake pipe provided so as to circulate around the upper inner edge of the container 1,
Reference numeral 160 is a large number of intake holes provided on the lower surface thereof, 20 is a non-combustible oil filled as a heat medium in the oil jacket 2, and 21 is a sheath heater provided in the oil 20. Further, 3 is an exhaust device connected to the intake pipe 16, 30 is one steam pipe provided so as to pass through the steam discharge hole 14 from the intake pipe 16 and exit upward, 31 is a compressor provided at the end, 32 is A steam / water separator connected to the tip thereof, 33 is an exhaust pipe provided therein, 34 is a hot water pipe provided in the steam / water separator 32 so as to extend through the heat exchanger mounting hole 15 and extend into the container 1, and 35 is A heat exchanger provided in front of it, 36 is a drainage pipe provided in front of it, and 37 is a constant pressure adjusting valve provided near its tip. Further, 4 is a motor provided below the container 1, 40 is its rotating shaft,
Reference numeral 41 is its bearing, 40-1 is a cylindrical boss provided on the rotary shaft 40, and 40-2 and 40-3 are rotary cutters provided on the boss 40-1. Further, 5 is a casing for housing the container 1 having the oil jacket 2 and the motor 4,
Reference numeral 50 is a support member that supports the container 1 in the casing 5. Further, 6 is a protection table on which the casing 5 is placed, 6-1
Is its bottom plate, 6-2 and 6-3 are opposing protection plates, 6-
Reference numeral 4 is a support plate that supports the protection plates 6-2 and 6-3, and 60 is a base provided on the bottom plate 6-1 and between the two protection plates 6-2 and 6-3.

The sheathed heaters 21 provided inside the oil jacket 2 are dispersed throughout the oil 20. Although not shown in the drawing, the sheathed heaters 21 are provided. It operates according to a command from a control device that controls the temperature of the oil 20 in the oil tank 2. Also, the rotating shaft 4
0 vertically penetrates the center of the bottom end plate of the container 1, and the boss 4
0-1 is provided near the bottom end plate of the container 1. This boss 4
0-1 rotary cutters 40-2, 40-3
Are curved in a C shape, and wavy blades are provided on the outside thereof, and they are attached to the boss 40-1 in a stepwise manner and tilted upward from the central axis of the boss 40-1. Become. At this time, the lower rotary cutter 40-3 is provided close to the bottom end plate of the container 1, and the tips of both cutters are provided close to the inner surface of the cylinder of the container 1. Therefore, these rotary cutters 40-2 and 40-3 scoop up the material to be dried by the rotation.

The casing 5 is a box of a heat insulating material having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, the inner diameter of which is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the oil jacket 2, and the opening corresponding to the charging hole 10 and the opening / closing door 13 of the container 1 is opened. Is provided. The support member 50 in the casing 5 has the upper surface of the oil jacket 2 mounted on the casing 5
It is provided so as to be in close contact with the inner surface of the top plate.

The bottom plate 6-1 of the protection base 6 is rectangular, and the length of its short side is slightly larger than the outer length of the casing 5.

Protective plates 6-2, 6 provided on the bottom plate 6-1
-3 is provided vertically so that its interval is slightly wider than the outer dimension of the casing 5, and has a height such that the extraction hole 11 is not blocked when the casing 5 is placed on the base 60.
The support plates 6-4 supporting the protection plates 6-2 and 6-3 are vertically arranged from the bottom plate 6-1 with two fixed spaces each at the center of the outer surface of the protection plates 6-2 and 6-3. It is provided so as to extend. The base 60 is a concrete block having an appropriate thickness.

The operation of this device will be described below.
When a waste containing water such as garbage is put into the container 1, the lid 12 is closed, and a power switch (not shown) is turned on, the oil jacket 2 is heated, and at the same time, the rotary cutters 40-2 and 40-3. Begins to rotate. The rotation speeds of the rotary cutters 40-2 and 40-3 are controlled by a control device (not shown). The rotary cutters 40-2 and 40-3 rotate at high speed immediately after the waste is charged, and rotate at low speed after crushing the waste to some extent. And stir it to dry uniformly.

Also, since the oil 20 locally convects near the sheath heater 21, the temperature of the oil jacket 2 rises uniformly throughout, and after the oil 20 reaches a predetermined temperature, the temperature is shown in the figure. The temperature of the inner wall surface of the container 1 is controlled to be 95 to 130 ° C., preferably around 110 ° C. by a control device that does not exist.

Thus, the vapor generated in the container 1 is sucked from the intake pipe 16 to the outside of the container 1 by the compressor 31, compressed, and sent to the steam separator 32, where it is separated into gas and hot water. It The separated gas is discharged into the air from the exhaust pipe 33, the hot water is sent to the heat exchanger 35 provided in the container 1 through the hot water pipe 34, and is used for heating waste, and the drain pipe 36 is used. And constant pressure adjusting valve 37
And discharged to the outside of the container 1.

In these steps, when the atmospheric pressure in the container 1 becomes lower than a certain level, the safety valve 120 works to take in the outside air into the container 1 and adjust the atmospheric pressure. Thus, in the apparatus of the present invention, since the waste is efficiently dried, after the drying is completed, the opening / closing door 13 may be opened and the material to be dried in the container 1 may be scraped to the outside. It suffices to newly add another waste from the input hole 10.

Also, in these steps, if the lid 12 and the opening / closing door 13 are difficult to open because the atmospheric pressure inside the container 1 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the vacuum break valve 121 is opened to balance the atmospheric pressure inside and outside the container 1. In consideration of the surrounding environment, it is recommended that a separate deodorizing sterilizer using ultraviolet rays, ozone, etc. be provided for exhaust and wastewater treatment.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described. This is a waste dryer with a relatively large container 1. In this example, the container 1 is relatively large,
Therefore, for heating the oil 20 in the oil jacket 2, a gas supply source 2 provided outside instead of the sheath heater 21 is used.
A gas burner 22 connected to 7 is used.

The inner diameter of the casing 5 used here is larger than the outer diameter of the oil jacket 2, and an iron plate 23 for installing the gas burner 22 is installed between the oil jacket 2 and the casing 5. It is provided so as to surround 2 and at least a part thereof is in contact with the casing 5. The iron plate 23 is provided with a chimney (not shown) for ventilation of air in the space surrounded by the iron plate. The gas burner 22 is arranged on the iron plate 23 so that the heat of the flame is evenly distributed to the oil jacket 2 over the entire circumference thereof.

Further, the oil jacket 2 is provided with an expansion tank 24 so that the oil jacket 2 is not deformed or damaged by the expansion of the oil 20 due to heating.
Further, this waste dryer is not provided with the steam separator 32 or the heat exchanger 35, the discharged steam is sucked by the small blower 25, and the sucked steam is supplied to the gas burner 22 as air. Is mixed with the air sent from the large blower 26, and the gas burner 22 incinerates the odorous components to sterilize it for deodorization.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the number of rotary cutters may be two or more, and a heat source other than a sheath heater or a gas burner may be used as a heat source for heating the oil jacket. Further, the shapes of the container, the oil jacket, the lid, the opening / closing door, the rotary cutter, the casing, the protection stand and other parts can be freely designed and changed within the scope of the object of the present invention. The above description covers all modified embodiments that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art.

[0023]

Since the waste drier according to the present invention is constructed as described above, according to the present invention, an unqualified person puts the waste containing water into the container. The waste can be efficiently dried in a short time by simply turning on the power switch.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section showing an embodiment of a waste dryer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Container 10 ... ・ Injection hole 11 ・ ・ ・ Ejection hole 12 ・ ・ ・ ・ Lid 120 ・ ・ ・ Safety valve 121 ・ ・ ・ Vacuum break valve 13 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Opening / closing door 14 ・ ・ ・・ Steam discharge hole 15 ・ ・ ・ Heat exchanger mounting hole 16 ・ ・ ・ ・ Intake pipe 160 ・ ・ ・ Intake hole 2 ・ ・ ・ Oil jacket 20 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Oil 21 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Season heater 22 ・・ ・ ・ Gas burner 23 ・ ・ ・ ・ Steel plate 24 ・ ・ ・ ・ Expansion tank 25 ・ ・ ・ ・ Small blower 26 ・ ・ ・ ・ Large blower 27 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Gas supply source 3 ・ ・ ・ Exhaust device 30 ・... Steam pipe 31 ... Compressor 32 ... Steam separator 33 ... Exhaust pipe 34 ... Hot water pipe 35 ... Heat exchanger 36 ... Drain pipe 37 ... ・ Constant pressure adjusting valve 4 ・ ・ ・ Motor 40 ・ ・ ・ ・Rolling shaft 40-1, · Boss 40-2 · · Rotating cutter 40-3 · · Rotating cutter 41 · · · Bearing 5 · · Casing 50 · · · Support member 6 · · Protection stand 6-1 ... Bottom plate 6-2 ... Protective plate 6-3 ... Protective plate 6-4 ... Supporting base 60 ... Base A, B ... Break line

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An injection hole (10) with a lid for throwing in waste, an extraction hole (11) with a door for taking out dried waste, and an oil jacket (2) covering substantially the entire outer peripheral surface. And a device for heating the oil (20) in the oil jacket (2) as a whole, and a waste container provided in the container (1). Rotary cutters (40-2, 40-3) for crushing and stirring, and a rotary shaft (4 provided vertically at the center of the bottom end plate of the container (1).
0) rotate the motor (4) and the rotary cutters (40-2, 40-3) at high speed after the waste is thrown into the container (1) until the waste is crushed below a predetermined level. After the waste is pulverized to a level below a certain level, a control device that controls the drive of the motor (4) to rotate at a low speed until it finishes drying, and the temperature of the oil (20) in the oil jacket (2) are controlled. A dryer for waste consisting of a control device for 2. A rotary cutter (40-2, 40-3),
It is curved in a C shape and has a blade on the outside,
The waste drier according to claim 1, wherein the rotary shaft (40) is mounted so as to be inclined upward from the rotary shaft (40) so that its tip is close to the inner surface of the cylinder of the container (1). 3. The waste drier according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of rotary cutters (40-2, 40-3) are provided in different stages on one rotary shaft (40).