JP2691953B2 - Long and short composite yarn - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a long / short composite yarn having a high-quality cotton-like texture, which is a mixture of long fibers and short fibers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the natural texture of natural fibers has been favored, and studies have been conducted to provide synthetic fiber woven and knitted fabrics having such texture. Above all, considerable achievements have been observed in the field of synthetic fiber woven and knitted fabrics having a silk and wool-like texture. However, a satisfactory woven or knitted synthetic fiber having a high-quality cotton texture has not been obtained yet.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic fiber yarn capable of forming a woven or knitted fabric having a high quality cotton and texture.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of repeated studies for achieving the above-mentioned object, the inventors have arranged short fibers having an extremely fine fineness on the outside of the yarn and having an appropriate fineness inside the yarn. The present inventors have found that a long-short composite yarn in which long fibers are arranged has a high-quality cotton-like texture, and based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.

The long / short composite yarn having a high-quality cotton-like texture of the present invention comprises a polyester continuous fiber (A) having a single yarn fineness of 1.5 to 10 denier and a split type composite fiber of polyester and / or polyamide. A non-crimped long / short composite yarn obtained by simultaneously splitting and splitting a splittable conjugate fiber while aligning and drawing A, and the short fiber produced by splitting is a single yarn fineness of 0.01 to 0.2. It is a ultrafine short fiber (B) having a denier and an average yarn length of 8 to 50 cm, and is characterized by having an A / B weight ratio of 0.3 to 3.

The filament (A) having a single yarn fineness of 1.5 to 10 denier is composed of polyester from the viewpoint of feeling and handling. The polyester used here has terephthalic acid as the main acid component, and at least one glycol,
Polyesters containing at least one alkylene glycol selected from ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol and tetramethylene glycol as the main glycol component are preferred. Specific examples of such polyesters include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyhexamethylene terephthalate, and the like, and copolymers of these terephthalates and isophthalates, or a mixture thereof. The polyester may be blended with a commonly used matting agent, stabilizer, antistatic agent and other additives.

The single yarn fineness of the polyester filament (A) must be 1.5 to 10 denier. When the single yarn fineness is less than 1.5 denier, the woven and knitted fabric composed of the long and short composite yarn of the present invention has a soft drape property and a high feel, but since it does not have tension, it is a high-class object of the present invention. It is far from the texture of cotton. On the contrary, when the single yarn fineness exceeds 10 denier, the coarse and hard feeling of the woven or knitted fabric becomes strong,
After all, it is far from the texture of high-quality cotton.

The other component (component B) of the present invention, which is the other component (component B), is an ultrafine short fiber, which is a short fiber obtained by splitting a splittable conjugate fiber. The polymer constituting this short fiber is composed of a plurality of types and is selected from polyester and polyamide, but a combination of polymers having poor compatibility is preferable so that fiber splitting can be easily performed. A plurality of types of polymers can be selected from either polyester or polyamide. The polyester can be selected from polyesters similar to those described for component (A),
It may be the same as or different from the polyester constituting the component (A). A preferred polyester is polyethylene terephthalate. The polyamide is not particularly limited, and nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 4, nylon 64 and other polyamides can be used, and may be a copolymer or a mixture.

The short fibers (B) obtained by splitting the split conjugate fibers are ultrafine single fibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.01 to 0.2 denier, preferably 0.01 to 0.1 denier.
When the single yarn fineness of the short fibers (B) is less than 0.01 denier, the fibers easily fall off due to abrasion or the like. On the other hand, when the single yarn fineness exceeds 0.2 denier, although the cotton-like texture having a moderate soft feel is obtained, the high-grade cotton-like texture intended by the present invention cannot be obtained. The texture and texture are inferior to those of the present invention. Only when the single yarn denier of the short fibers (B) is in the above range, a unique texture which never exceeds that of natural high-quality cotton can be obtained.

The average yarn length (most frequent) of the short fibers (B) is 8 to
Must be 50 cm. The yarn length of such short fibers is generally distributed from about 1 cm to about 150 cm. When the average yarn length does not reach 8 cm, yarn feeling there is no softness things much different conventional staple spun yarn. On the contrary, the average yarn length is 50c
When the number exceeds m, the number of fluffs produced decreases, and the texture is similar to that of the conventionally known two-layer structured yarn composed of ultrafine fibers and thick denier fibers or spunlike yarn. After all, in order to obtain the desired high-quality cotton-like texture, the short fiber (B) must have both the above-mentioned single-filament soil and the average yarn length.

Further, in order to obtain the high-quality cotton-like texture which is the object of the present invention, the long fibers (A) and the short fibers (B) constituting the long-short composite yarn are 0.3 ≦ (A / B) ≦. Must be mixed in a weight ratio of 3. The weight ratio (A / B) of both is 0.
When it does not reach 3, the woven or knitted fabric has a feeling without tension because the number of long denier long fibers to be the core of the composite yarn decreases. In addition, the tear strength of the woven or knitted fabric is reduced, and the abrasion resistance is deteriorated. Conversely, weight ratio (A / B)
If it exceeds 3, the texture of the woven or knitted fabric will have a rough feeling. In addition, since the ultrafine short fiber component that should be the sheath of the composite yarn is reduced, it becomes difficult for the short fiber component to cover the entire composite yarn, resulting in uneven dyeing due to the difference in dyeing between both components. Irritating appearance is apparent, which is not preferable.

From the viewpoint of its structure, the composite yarn of the present invention has a long fiber component (A) and a short fiber component (B) arranged at the central portion and the outer peripheral portion of the composite yarn as a whole. B)
While the yarn ends (fluffs) of the are evenly distributed throughout,
It is preferable that the (B) is entangled and entangled so as to cover the (A).

The long-short composite yarn of the present invention is formed into a woven or knitted material by a usual method, and is further provided for practical use for clothing. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the physical properties, the composite yarn of the present invention preferably has a residual elongation of 10 to 60%, a tensile strength of 1.5 g / de or more and a boiling water shrinkage of 20% or less as a whole.

The long-short composite yarn of the present invention is a long fiber (A) having a relatively high elongation in order to impart the above preferable structure.
And the raw yarn of the short fiber (B) having a low elongation of the raw yarn (split type composite fiber), both raw yarns are aligned, and then the raw yarn of the long fiber (A) is drawn while ) The raw yarn of (1) is randomly drawn and split at the same time, and the yarn is then entangled and entangled.

Stretching of filaments of long fibers (A) and short fibers (B)
FIG. 1 shows an apparatus used in a typical embodiment of the method for performing the draft cutting / splitting of the raw yarn. While aligning the filaments of the long fibers (A) and the filaments of the short fibers (B) and stretching the filaments of (A) between the supply roller 1 and the drafting roller 2, At the same time as the yarn is drafted, it is split. At this time, it is desirable to cut the raw yarn of (B) as randomly as possible. For that purpose, a slight ironing is applied between the supply roller 1 and the drafting roller 2 to bend the raw yarn of (B). It is preferable to increase the openness of the yarn. Both threads (A) and (B)
After passing through the suction nozzle 3 to the tie nozzle 4, the yarn is bound here to form a desired long / short composite yarn, which is wound up via the delivery roller 5. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the method for producing the long-short composite yarn of the present invention is not limited to this. In this method, the component (B) is split at the same time as the drafting, but the splitting does not have to be perfect, and some of the fibers may remain semi-split.

The filament of the long fiber (A) used in the above-mentioned method of stretching (A) and the random drafting / splitting of (B) must have a higher elongation than the filament of the short fiber (B). There is. As a means for producing the high elongation long fiber raw yarn, any method such as a conventionally-used spinning / drawing two-step method and a direct drawing method may be adopted, but a known high-speed spinning method is most preferable. In the high speed spinning method, the take-up speed is preferably 4,500 m / min or more. However, when the spinning draft rate is high, the cooling rate is particularly high, the polymer viscosity is particularly high, and the discharged yarn is run in a heating cylinder after being cooled, the take-up speed is less than 4,500 m / min. May be.

The ultrafine short fibers (B) having a single-filament fineness of 0.01 to 0.2 denier are split-type composite fibers obtained by composite-spinning a plurality of polymers having poor compatibility with each other as described above. It is formed by splitting at the same time as cutting. If the draft is cut after it is completely divided, two steps, that is, the division and the draft, are required, which increases the manufacturing cost, and the ultrafine fibers are cut during the draft after the division, causing problems such as roller winding breakage. It is easy to occur. On the other hand, when splitting and splitting, the single fibers of the splittable conjugate fiber are cut at one location, so when you look at the ultrafine fibers after splitting, they will be cut intensively, giving a high-quality cotton-like feel. Don't

As a method for obtaining ultrafine fibers, conventionally, generally,
(1) A method of eluting the sea component of the sea-island type composite fiber, (2)
There are a high-speed spinning method of orienting by utilizing air resistance and (3) a method of stretching after spinning according to a conventional method.
However, since the method (1) is not a method of splitting fibers at the same time as the drafting, it has the above problems and is not preferable. (2)
With the methods (3) and (3), it is difficult to industrially stably obtain ultrafine fibers having a denier of 0.2 or less.

[0019]

EXAMPLES The long and short composite yarns of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. Example 1 As a raw yarn of polyester filament (A), [η] _c = 0.
64 polyethylene terephthalate (titanium dioxide 0.
5% by weight) was melted and wound up at a spinning speed of 5,000 m / min to obtain a highly oriented undrawn yarn of 60 denier / 10 fil. When the physical properties of this high speed spun fiber were measured, the residual elongation was 69%, the birefringence Δn was 0.091, the density was 1.375 g / cm ³ , and the boiling water shrinkage was 3.3%.

Next, as a raw yarn for the ultrafine short fibers (B),
Polyethylene terephthalate and nylon 6 (poly-ε-
The same method as described in JP-B-53-10169 was used to obtain a conjugate fiber stretched yarn having a hollow annular 48-layer laminated cross-section as shown in FIG. In the spinning process of this conjugate fiber, an oil agent consisting of stearyl phosphate K salt (90% by weight) and polyoxyethylene (10) lauryl ether (10% by weight) was applied as a spinning oil agent at 0.2% by weight of opu. The residual elongation of this conjugate fiber (120 denier / 48 fil) was 25% on average, but a variation of 15 to 40% was observed among the single fibers.

The polyester fibers (A) and the conjugate fibers (B) obtained as described above are aligned, and (A) is provided between the supply roller 1 and the drafting roller 2 using the apparatus shown in FIG. At the same time as stretching, (B) was split and split at the same time. The distance between the supply roller 1 and the cutoff roller 2 is 2
The stretching ratio was 8 cm and the stretching ratio was 1.33 times. Next, these fibers passed through a suction nozzle, were then mixed with each other by a tie nozzle 4, and were wound into a cheese shape through a delivery roller 5. When the physical properties of the long-short composite yarn thus obtained were measured, the elongation was 20% and the strength was 2.7 g /
de, boiling water shrinkage was 10.2%.

After the above-mentioned long and short composite yarn is knitted in a cylinder, the density is 3
It was treated with a 0 g / l alkaline aqueous solution for 15 minutes in a boiled state. By this treatment, the polyethylene terephthalate component in the short fibers (B) was completely removed, and nylon 6 was divided into 0.04 denier ultrafine fiber yarns. On the other hand, 12% of the polyethylene terephthalate in the long fiber (A) was reduced by the same alkali treatment.

As a result of the above treatment, the polyester fiber of the component (A) becomes about 40 de / 10 fil (single yarn fineness of 4 denier), while the polyamide fiber of the component (B) is about 46 de / 1152 fil (single yarn). Thread 0.04d
e). This tubular knitted fabric exhibited a completely new ultra-high-quality cotton-like texture that was never seen before.

For comparison, a cylindrical knitted product having a single yarn fineness of 0.44 denier after splitting was obtained as the composite fiber B by the same method as above. This tubular knit showed a cotton-like feel with a soft feel, but was significantly inferior to the ultra-high grade cotton-like feel of the above-mentioned tubular knit of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of an apparatus for producing a long / short / composite yarn of the present invention by a draft direct spinning method.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a ring-bonded type conjugate fiber used in the production of ultra-fine short fibers (B) in Examples of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Supply Roller 2 Checking Roller 3 Suction Nozzle 4 Coupling Nozzle 5 Delivery Roller

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A polyester continuous fiber (A) having a single yarn fineness of 1.5 to 10 denier and a splittable conjugate fiber of polyester and / or polyamide are aligned with each other, and while stretching A, a splittable conjugate fiber is obtained. A non-crimped long and short composite yarn obtained by splitting and splitting at the same time, wherein the short fibers produced by the division are single yarn fineness 0.01 to 0.2 denier, average yarn length 8 to
An ultrafine short fiber (B) having a length of 50 cm, and a long / short composite yarn having an A / B weight ratio of 0.3 to 3. 2. The ultrafine fibers (B) have a single yarn fineness of 0.0.
The long-short composite yarn according to claim 1, which has a denier of 1 to 0.1.