JP2691495B2 - Slip ring support device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slip ring supporting device for extracting an electric signal from a rotating body to a non-rotating portion by the action of a brush. In particular, the present invention relates to a support device that buffers and supports a slip ring used for an axle or the like that is rotating at a high speed in an environment with shocking vibration and can contribute to stable operation and long life of the slip ring.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the case of taking out an electric signal (used to include electric power in this specification) from a rotating body such as an axle, a pump shaft, a motor shaft, or supplying an electric signal to the rotating body. , Slip rings are often used. The slip ring is provided with a plus and a slip part that relatively rotates while being in sliding contact therewith, and an electrical signal between the rotating body and the fixed part is used by utilizing the electrical conduction state between them. Exchanged between.

An axle of a railway vehicle will be described as an example of a rotating body. The axle is an important safety component that supports the vehicle body between the vehicle body and the wheels. In addition, it is exposed to severe vibration and various loads such as bending and twisting. Of particular importance is the lateral load on the brim of the wheel. When the ratio of the value of the lateral load and the value of the vertical direction load exceeds a certain value,
Derailment of wheels (vehicles) may occur. If a derailment or serious axle damage occurs, a serious vehicle accident will result. Therefore, in the recent high-speed running tests of railway vehicles, the state of axles is always known in real time.

Information for grasping the state of the axle includes the load values in the axial and vertical directions, the temperature of the axle bearing portion, the brake disc portion, and the bending / torsion stress of the axle. These pieces of information are collected from sensors such as strain gauges to the axle end through electric wires, taken out to non-rotating parts such as bearing boxes (axle boxes) via slip rings, and further loaded into the vehicle such as microcomputers. Sent to and processed. For each axle, for example, in the latest Shinkansen,
The information score rises to 10. If this information is not accurately transmitted, the vehicle will be stopped based on the fail-safe concept. Therefore, it can be said that securing and improving the reliability and durability of the slip ring of the axle and the ability to support high-speed rotation are extremely important technical issues that support the safety and high-reliability operation of modern railway vehicles.

Next, a severe vibration environment that acts around the axle of a railway vehicle will be described. Before describing the device around the axle, the reference direction is first clarified. The axial direction of the axle is called the left-right direction. Of the directions perpendicular to the axle, the direction in which gravity is applied is called the up-down direction, and the direction in which the axle advances is called the front-back direction.

The main cause of lateral vibration is a phenomenon in which the wheel (and therefore the axle) dances left and right in the gap between the wheel and the inner brim of the rail. The main cause of vertical vibration is unevenness at rail joints and joints of turnouts.

Such a violent and diverse vibration environment surrounds the slip ring of the axle. Furthermore, if the slip rings are set across both the axle and the axle box, the situation becomes more complicated. This is because the vibration mode of the axle system (wheels, axles, bearings) and the vibration mode of the axle box system (axle box, vehicle body) are different, so it is necessary to consider an anti-vibration system that can handle both. .

Here, a conventional slip ring supporting device will be described. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a crank type slip ring supporting device which has been frequently used. The slip ring assembly 1 has a slip ring shaft 3
3, supported by the crankshaft flange 57 via the slip ring shaft flange 31. The crankshaft flange 57 is fixed to the crankshaft 55, and the crankshaft 55 is rotatably supported by the crank bearing 51. The crank bearing 51 is supported by the shaft box flange 7 via a crankshaft vibration-proof rubber 53.

A disk-shaped crank 59 is provided at the right end of the crankshaft 55, and a part of the crank 59 is cut out as a crank groove 61. Crank groove 61
A crank pin 63 is slidably fitted in the shaft in the radial direction of the crank. The crank pin 63 is attached to the axle 13
It is projected. The slip ring outer cylinder 37 is
The rotation stopper 5 having a flexible structure prevents rotation in the vertical, horizontal, and front-back directions.

The Nerai of this crank type supporting device is as follows. The lateral vibration of the axle 13 (the most intense vibration around the axle) is released by sliding between the crank pin 63 and the crank 61 and is not transmitted to the slip ring 1. The slip ring is supported by the axle box 9 which causes less vibration than the axle. Since it is not necessary to align the axle with the crankshaft 55 and the slip ring, it is easy to assemble and replace the slip ring and the like.

However, the crank-type supporting device has the following problems, which makes it impossible to cope with further speeding up of the vehicle. The vibration due to the exciting force caused by the sliding of the crank pin and the crank has become non-negligible. Since the wear of the pins due to the above-mentioned sliding became remarkable, the possibility of breakage of the pins and the frequency of maintenance increased.

Since the number of parts is large and there is a limit to the size reduction of parts, it is difficult to simplify and downsize the slip ring rotation device. As a result, maintenance labor cannot be saved. The vibration of the axle box system has become more severe due to the higher speed and lighter weight of the vehicle, and the life of the slip ring has become shorter. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, when the center of gravity and the center of inertia of the slip ring are largely displaced leftward from the crank bearing 51 and the vibration isolating rubber 53, the vibration is amplified in the slip ring portion, and the above tendency tends to occur. Become stronger.

Another example of the conventional slip ring supporting device will be described. FIG. 5 is a partial sectional side view showing an outer cylinder rotating type slip ring supporting device which has been conventionally used mainly for an axle of a low speed vehicle. The characteristic of this type is that the slip ring outer cylinder 37 includes the vibration-proof material 21, and the rotating outer frame 1.
It is attached to the axle 13 via 9. Therefore, the slip ring outer cylinder 37 and the brush 39 rotate together with the axle, so that a centrifugal force is applied to the brush.

The problem with this type of support method is due to the centrifugal forces mentioned above. That is, when the rotation of the axle becomes faster, the brush 39 (in the front view, as shown in FIG.
Since the centrifugal force acts in the opening direction (see the reference), the pressing pressure of the brush against the slip ring shaft 33 becomes weak. As a result, electrical conduction between the brush and the slip ring shaft becomes unstable, causing a problem of poor signal transmission. Therefore, this type of support method is unreliable and unsuitable for high speed rotation.

[0015]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has excellent vibration damping performance, has a simple structure with a small number of parts, is maintenance-free, is capable of high-speed rotation, and has a long-life slip ring. An object of the present invention is to provide a slip ring supporting device capable of ensuring reliability.

[0016]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention measures and analyzes the vibration around the axle and, as a result of various trial developments, experiments and analysis studies, The invention was completed.

The slip ring support device of the present invention is a slip ring support device for extracting a signal or power from a rotating body to a non-rotating portion by the action of a brush; the slip ring is a rotating slip ring shaft, A non-rotating slip ring sleeve, wherein the sleeve is supported by bearings mounted on the shaft, and the sleeve comprises a brush in sliding contact with the shaft. The slip ring shaft is supported by the rotating body via a vibration isolator.

The term "rotating body" as used herein means all of rotating objects (machine elements, etc.) represented by rotating shafts such as axles, pump shafts and motor shafts. Signals and powers include, but are not limited to, electrical signals and powers, and anything that can be transmitted by a sliding contact of a brush.
The brush means all mechanical elements that are in sliding contact with a pressing force between two objects that move relative to each other.

The shape of the slip ring outer cylinder is not limited to the cylindrical shape. The bearing is not limited to a rolling bearing, but includes a slide bearing, a magnetic levitation bearing, and the like. The material of the vibration isolator is not particularly limited. Including rubber, foam rubber, plastic, foam plastic.

In the slip ring supporting apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the vibration isolator is provided in the outer peripheral area of the slip ring outer cylinder. Here, the outer peripheral region of the outer cylinder does not mean a position separated axially left or right from the outer cylinder, but means the outer side above and / or behind the outer cylinder. The outer peripheral area does not mean the entire outer circumference of the outer cylinder. It may be provided in a part of the outer peripheral region as long as the vibration damping performance is satisfied.

The reason why the vibration isolator is preferably provided in the outer peripheral region of the slip ring is that the vibration isolator can receive the displacement of the slip ring in the up-down, front-rear, and left-right directions one-to-one. That is, if the slip ring moves upward by 1 _mm , the vibration isolator on the slip ring can receive the displacement with a substantially corresponding dimension amount of 1 _mm compression of the vibration isolator itself. The reverse is also true. If the deformation of the anti-vibration material is amplified to the displacement of the slip ring, this may cause an undesirable state in suppressing the vibration of the slip ring.

In one embodiment of the slip ring supporting device of the present invention, the slip ring shaft is connected to a cylindrical rotating inner frame that encloses the center of gravity and / or the center of inertia of the slip ring, The vibration isolator is arranged in the outer peripheral area of the inner frame, and the rotating outer frame attached to the rotating body is arranged in the outer peripheral area of the vibration isolator. Here, the center of inertia of the slip ring means the point at which the moment of inertia of the slip ring becomes the minimum around that point. The meaning of the outer peripheral area is as described above. In this embodiment, the effect of damping the vertical, front-rear, left-right vibration of the slip ring and the rotational vibration around the center of inertia is high.

[0023]

The slip ring supporting device of the present invention operates as follows. Since the slip ring outer cylinder equipped with the brush does not rotate, centrifugal force does not act on the brush. Since both the slip ring outer cylinder (fixed side) and the slip ring shaft (rotating side) are supported by the rotating body in the up / down, front / rear, and left / right directions, the vibration of the slip ring is governed only by the vibration of the rotating system. . Therefore, the vibration phenomenon targeted for vibration isolation becomes simpler, and the degree of freedom in selection and design of the vibration isolation material is increased, and optimization is possible.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A slip ring supporting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a slip ring support device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the brush peripheral portion of the apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line _II - _II of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view of the peripheral portion of the rotation stopper of the apparatus of FIG. 1 as seen in the direction of _III - _III in FIG.

In FIG. 1, a slip ring assembly 1
Is a slip ring outer cylinder 37, a brush 39 implanted in the outer cylinder, a slip ring shaft 33 sandwiched between the two brushes as shown in FIG. 2, and the shaft 33 and the slip ring outer cylinder. It has a slip ring bearing 35 held in a rotatable relationship and a slip ring shaft flange 31 provided at one end of the slip ring shaft. Here, the slip ring shaft 33, the slip ring shaft flange 31, and the inner ring and balls of the slip ring bearing 35 are rotating, but the others are not rotating. Where the figure
The brush 39 slides from the side, as clearly shown in 2.
It is in contact with the lip ring shaft 33. That is, brush 3
9 is in paragraph 0006 with respect to the slip ring shaft 33.
The main vibration direction (vertical direction and lateral direction)
Is pressed in the direction (front-back direction) orthogonal to
You. Therefore, the vibration acceleration affects the pressing force of the brush.
Without doing so, more reliable signal transmission can be realized.

The slip ring outer cylinder 37 is composed of upper and lower, front and rear,
In the left-right direction, it is supported by a slip ring shaft 33 via a bearing 35. That is, the ring shaft 33 bears the weight of the outer cylinder and the inertial force acting on the outer cylinder in the above direction. The outer cylinder 37 is constrained by the rotation stopper 5 so as not to rotate around the axis. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotation stopper 5 has a flexible structure in the up / down, front / rear, and left / right directions. The vibration is not transmitted to a harmful degree. Here, FIG.
As shown clearly in Fig.
Is supported by one bearing 35 at its one end.
Have been. For this reason, the axial dimension of the slip ring can be shortened.
You can do it.

The slip ring shaft flange 31 is attached to the inner end of the rotating inner frame 23 by a plurality of bolts 27. This mounting method is not limited to bolts. The shape of the rotating inner frame 23 is cylindrical in this embodiment, but is not limited thereto. Between the shaft flange 31 and the rotating inner frame 23, a skimmer 25 for opening the inner wiring 17 is opened.

A vibration isolator 21 is concentrically wrapped around the outer periphery of the rotating inner frame 23. The outer peripheral portion of the vibration isolator 21 is fitted inside the rotating outer frame 19. Both ends of the vibration isolator 21 are positioned by a collar or the like. Rotating inner frame 23
It is preferable that the vibration damping material 21 and the surface between the vibration damping material 21 and the rotating outer frame 19 are bonded by using an adhesive or the like. This is because in the portion where the slip ring moves in the direction in which the space between the inner frame and the outer frame spreads, the vibration suppressing effect based on the tensile force of the vibration isolator is obtained, and the effect of the vibration isolator is doubled.

A preferable material for the vibration isolator is rubber containing bubbles. Since the slip ring assembly for signal transmission is generally lightweight, if you use a hard material for the vibration isolator,
Vibrations on the rotor side are transmitted to the slip ring assembly without being significantly damped. In rubber containing bubbles (foamed rubber), by changing the content of bubbles, it is possible to obtain a vibration damping material having appropriate elasticity. In addition, it is also preferable that the mechanical properties of the foamed rubber have little difference depending on the direction.

Specifications of foamed rubber used in the vibration-proof material of this example
Is shown below. Material: EPDM (Ethylene / Propylene / Dienta
-Polymer) Rubber Cell structure: Independent Hardness: HS20 ± 5 Apparent density: 0.15 ± 0.03_{g / cm}Three  Impact resilience: 55 ± 15% 25% Compressive load: 400-800_{g / cm}Two

Φ38 × Φ74 × b14 _mm
Processed into a ring shape, slip ring (self-weight 195 _g )
And the rotating inner frame (self-weight 78 _g ) was held. When this device was mounted on a vehicle and operated at a high speed of 351 _{km / Hr} (axle rotation speed 2162 _rpm ), good results were obtained.

The inner end of the rotating outer frame 19 is a rotating body (axle).
It is attached to the end face of 13. The mounting portion may be provided with a spigot or the like for centering. Axle 1
3 is supported by the axle box 9 via an axle bearing 11. The rotating outer frame 19 to the slip ring assembly 1 can be attached to the shaft or replaced as a complete assembly.

Here, signals on the axle side (total of 20 wirings such as axial load value, axial stress, temperature, etc.) are transmitted through the inner wiring 17 to the slip ring shaft surface through the slip ring shaft conductor 32. Since the same surface and the surface of each brush 39 are in sliding contact with each other to maintain a conductive state, a signal is transmitted to the brush, and subsequently passes through the outer cylinder conducting wire 41 and is taken out to the external wiring 3.

[0034]

As is apparent from the above description, the slip ring supporting device of the present invention exhibits the following effects. Since it has excellent anti-vibration performance, it makes it possible to extend the life of the slip ring, support high-speed operation, and prevent failures. The simple structure with a small number of parts enables downsizing and weight reduction of the device. Further, the labor for replacing the device can be reduced.

Since there are no consumable parts such as crankpins, maintenance-free operation is possible for a long period of time. Since the contact pressure of the brush portion is not influenced by the fast and slow rotation speed, reliable signal transmission is possible even at high speed.

As a result of the above, the maintenance cost can be reduced. In particular, since the price of a multi-channel (20) slip ring for high-speed vehicles is very high (500,000 yen / piece), the economic effect of extending the life of the slip ring is remarkable. As a result of the above, ..., It is extremely large that it contributes to safe driving of ultra high-speed railway vehicles (300 _{km / hr} or more per hour).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a slip ring supporting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the brush peripheral portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1 as seen in the direction _II - _II of FIG.

[3] The rotation stopping peripheral portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in FIG. 1 _III -
It is the arrow line view seen in the _III direction.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a crank-type slip ring supporting device that has been frequently used in the past.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional side view showing an outer cylinder rotating type slip ring supporting device which has been conventionally used mainly for an axle of a low speed vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Slip ring assembly 31: Slip ring shaft flange 3: Outer wiring 32: Slip ring shaft conductor 5: Rotation stop 33: Slip ring shaft 6: Screw 35: Slip ring bearing 7: Shaft box flange 37: Slip ring outer cylinder 9: Shaft box 39: Brush 11: Rotating body (axle) bearing 41: Outer cylinder conductor 13: Rotating body (axle) 51: Crank bearing 15: Rotating body center hole 53: Crank bearing anti-vibration rubber 17: Inner wiring 55: Crankshaft 19: Rotating outer frame 57: Crankshaft flange 21: Anti-vibration material 59: Crank 23: Rotating inner frame 61: Crank groove 25: Clearance 63: Crank pin 27: Bolt

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Ansa Oda 38-8, Hikarimachi, Kokubunji, Tokyo 38 Inside the Railway Technical Research Institute (56) References 3-125933 (JP, U)

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A support device of a slip ring for extracting a signal or power from a rotating body to a non-rotating portion by the action of a brush; said slip ring comprising a rotating slip ring shaft,
A non-rotating slip ring sleeve, wherein the sleeve is supported by bearings mounted on the shaft, and the sleeve comprises a brush in sliding contact with the shaft. The slip ring support device, wherein the slip ring shaft is supported by the rotating body via a vibration isolator. 2. The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration isolator is provided in an outer peripheral region of the slip ring outer cylinder. 3. The slip ring shaft is connected to a cylindrical rotating inner frame that encloses the center of gravity and / or the center of inertia of the slip ring, and the vibration isolator is provided in the outer peripheral area of the rotating inner frame. The rotating outer frame attached to the rotating body is arranged in the outer peripheral area of the vibration isolator.
The slip ring support device described. 4. The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating body is an axle of a vehicle capable of traveling at a speed of 300 km / hr or more. 5. The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the vibration isolator is made of rubber containing bubbles. 6. The set of two brushes, wherein the slip ring shaft is sandwiched between two brushes.
5. The slip ring supporting device according to any one of 5 above. 7. The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the brush is in lateral contact with the slip ring shaft. 8. The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the brush is pressed against a slip ring shaft in a direction orthogonal to a main vibration direction. 9. The slip ring outer cylinder is supported by one bearing at one end thereof.
The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1. 10. The slip ring supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration isolator is bonded to a peripheral member.