JP2688251B2 - Vibration control system for structures supported on the ground - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for damping a structure supported on the ground side by damping the vibration transmitted between the ground side and the structure. . The structures include buildings, civil engineering structures, and the like, as well as machinery supported by these.

[Conventional technology]

As a conventional damping technology, a laminated rubber is interposed between the ground side and the structure, and the natural period of the horizontal vibration system formed by this rubber and the structure is made larger than the dominant period of the earthquake. To avoid the resonance of the structure,
A damper is interposed between the ground side and the structure to reduce vibration, or a sliding bearing is used instead of laminated rubber to support weight and reduce vibration, and a horizontal resistance member is used for restoration. Some have power. Mainly used as the damper are a decompression damper, a damper for attenuating vibration energy due to the yield of reinforcing bars, and a damper for absorbing vibration energy by friction.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, a plurality of types of devices are interposed between the ground side and the structure side, as in the above-mentioned use of the laminated rubber and the damper, and in the above-mentioned use of the slide bearing and the horizontal resistance member, respectively. On the other hand, in the above, vibration in the vertical direction (so-called vertical vibration) cannot be attenuated, and the damper itself has the following problems. In other words, since the decompression damper is intended to damp horizontal vibrations by expansion and contraction, it is difficult to damp vibrations in two directions such as the east-west direction and the north-south direction. However, it is not effective because the rebar does not yield, and there is a problem of residual displacement after a large displacement, so conversion is necessary.Furthermore, in the case of friction, the friction force changes depending on the temperature, humidity and processing accuracy of the friction surface. There is a problem that the damping force is not constant due to the variation.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. One type of device is used to deal with vertical and horizontal vibrations, horizontal two-direction vibrations, and damping force without fluctuation. The purpose is to provide a shaking device.

[Means for solving the problem]

A structure vibration damping apparatus supported by the ground according to the present invention has a base fixed to the ground side and a base fixed to the structure side supported on the ground side. Is fixed to the ground side or the structure side to which it is fixed via a spherical bearing mechanism, and a rubber-like elastic body that supports the load of the structure is fixed between the two bases, and A fluid chamber is provided inside the elastic body, and a plurality of the fluid chambers are provided in parallel between the bases. A sub chamber having a variable volume is communicated with each of the fluid chambers through a throttle. At the same time, the plurality of fluid chambers also communicate with each other via a throttle.

Sub-chambers are individually provided in the fluid chambers, and communication between the fluid chambers is established between the sub-chambers corresponding to these fluid chambers.
By using a throttle different from the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber, the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber and the both sub chambers are provided between the two fluid chambers that are communicated with each other. It is also possible to interpose a throttle between the chambers.

Further, by connecting the fluid chambers to each other through the sub chamber, the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber can also be used as the throttle between the fluid chambers that communicate with each other.

Further, it is possible to directly connect the plurality of fluid chambers by a throttle different from the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber.

In any of the above cases, a plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies supporting the load of the structure may be fixed in parallel between both bases, and fluid chambers may be individually provided inside the rubber-like elastic bodies.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned throttle may be specifically a choke or an orifice.

[Action]

When the vibration force is input from the ground side due to an earthquake or the like, or when the vibration force is input from the structure side due to the vibration of the mechanical equipment or the like, the vibration damping device of the present invention has a relative position between the two bases. At least one of the relative postures changes.

Due to the horizontal force of the vibration force, the ground side and the structure side relatively move in the horizontal direction, and one of the bases inclines with spherical movement in the spherical support mechanism. Therefore, the rubber-like elastic body has a portion that is compressed with the other base and a portion that is expanded, and accordingly, the volume is reduced and the volume is expanded to the plurality of fluid chambers. There is. At this time, the internal fluid moves from the fluid chamber to be contracted to the sub chamber through the restrictor, and the internal fluid from the sub chamber to the expanded chamber moves to pass through the restrictor. Even between the chambers, the internal fluid moves from the reduction side to the expansion side via the throttle. The input vibration force is attenuated by the flow resistance force generated between the fluid and the throttle when the fluid passes through the throttle, so that the vibration transmission between the ground side and the structure side is suppressed.

Further, due to the vertical force of the vibration force, the distance between the two bases is changed and the rubber-like elastic body expands and contracts vertically,
The fluid chambers expand and contract in phase with each other in synchronization. As a result, the fluid moves while passing through the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber, so that the damping force of the throttle suppresses the vibration transmission between the ground side and the structure side. When the direction in which the vibration force acts includes components other than the horizontal and vertical directions, the damping actions of the above two modes are combined and appear.

In the vibration damping device, the plurality of sub-chambers are communicated with each other through the throttle. When the two fluid chambers are communicated with each other through the throttle, the fluid is moved between the sub-chambers and the sub-chambers. A high damping force can be obtained because it is performed by passing through the throttle between the chamber and the sub chamber.

Further, in the vibration damping device, since the fluid that reciprocates between the plurality of fluid chambers by communicating between the plurality of sub chambers passes through the sub chamber, the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber is It also serves as a restriction between the fluid chambers. For this reason, it is not necessary to specially configure a throttle for exclusive use between the fluid chambers.

Further, if the plurality of fluid chambers are directly connected to each other between the fluid chambers and the sub chambers by a diaphragm other than the diaphragm, the vertical vibration component and the horizontal vibration component are attenuated by the different diaphragms. The damping force for the vibration of the component can be set individually.

In these cases, if there are multiple rubber-like elastic bodies between both bases and individual fluid chambers are provided in each rubber-like elastic body, increase or decrease in the number of rubber-like elastic bodies provided with fluid chambers. Thus, the vibration damping force of the vibration damping device and the supporting force of the structure can be adjusted and set.

〔Example〕

1 to 7 are views showing the first embodiment. First, a description will be given of a vibration damping device 1 for a structure supported on the ground. The vibration damping device 1 includes a ground side 2 including a foundation constructed on the ground and a building structure supported on the ground side 2. It is arranged between the formed structure side 3 and a base 4 fixed to the ground side 2 and a base 5 fixed to the structure side 3.

A rubber-like elastic body 6 that supports the load on the structure side 3 is fixed between the bases 4 and 5. For this fixing, known means such as vulcanization adhesion or adhesion with an adhesive is adopted. A fluid chamber 7 is provided inside the rubber-like elastic body 6. A plurality of the fluid chambers 7 are provided in parallel between the two bases 4 and 5, and each of the fluid chambers 7 is provided on the opposite side of the base 4 and has a sub chamber 8 with a variable volume. Are communicated with each other via the diaphragm 9. The sub chamber 8 is formed in a flexible or stretchable bag-shaped member that is mounted on the base 4 in a liquid-tight manner. The sub-chambers 8 are communicated with each other by a diaphragm 11 different from the diaphragm 9.
Therefore, the fluid chambers 7 are communicated with each other by the two throttles 9 and one throttle 11. A liquid of which viscosity is adjusted is enclosed in the fluid chamber 7, the sub chamber 8 and the throttles 9 and 11.

Instead of the throttle 11, the sub chambers 8 may be communicated with each other by a simple passage in which the throttling action can be ignored. In this case, two throttles 9 are interposed between the fluid chambers 7. Further, the sub chamber 8 may be provided at another position, not on the surface of the base 4 opposite to the rubber-like elastic body 6.

In this embodiment, the base 4 is directly fixed to the ground side 2,
The base 5 is fixed to the structure side 3 via the column 12 and the spherical support mechanism 13. That is, a column 12 is vertically installed on the upper surface of the base 5, and a stiffener 14 is fixed between the periphery of the column 12 and the upper surface of the base 5 to reinforce the column 12 and distribute the load. It The upper end surface of the pillar 12 is a convex spherical surface, and the seat surface on the lower surface of the seat body 15 fixed to the structure side 3 is a concave spherical surface corresponding to the convex spherical surface, and both surfaces are in spherical contact. Thus, a spherical support mechanism 13 for supporting the load on the structure side 3 so that the angle can be changed is constructed. In addition, the spherical support mechanism 13
As opposed to the above, while providing a concave spherical surface on the column 12,
A convex spherical surface may be provided on the side of the seat body 15 to bring them into spherical contact.

Such a vibration damping device 1 is used for a building in the example of FIGS.
In other words, a foundation made of reinforced concrete, etc.
On the other hand, the building built on it is the structure side 3, and a plurality of damping devices 1 are interposed between the two and 3,
The structure side 3 is supported on the ground side 2 via the vibration damping device 1.

Therefore, ground side 2 and structure side 3 due to vibrations such as earthquakes.
When a relative vibration occurs between the base and the base, depending on the horizontal vibration component, the base 5 inclines with respect to the base 4 as shown in FIG. 6, and in the opposite direction. Also, depending on the vibration component in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG.
With respect to the base 5, the base 5 approaches and leaves while being parallel.

In the horizontal vibration of FIG. 6, the base 5 tilts with respect to the base 4 while causing slippage between the uneven spherical surfaces contacted by the spherical support mechanism 13. As a result, the one fluid chamber 7 is compressed while the rubber-like elastic body 6 is deformed, and the other fluid chamber 7 is compressed.
Is extended. Then, the fluid in the compressed fluid chamber 7 flows out to the sub chamber 8 through the throttle 9, and the fluid flows into the extended fluid chamber 7 from the sub chamber 8 through the throttle 9. At this time, a pressure difference also occurs between the sub chambers 8, so that fluid moves from the sub chamber 8 having a high pressure to the sub chamber 8 having a low pressure via the throttle 11. In such horizontal vibration, the rocking is repeated between the state where the right end of the base 5 is lowered as shown in FIG. 6 and the state where the spherical support mechanism 13 is moved to the left and the left end of the base 5 is lowered, as shown in FIG. As a result, the reciprocating movement of the fluid is repeated between the fluid chamber 7 and the sub chamber 8 and between the sub chambers 8, and the vibration is damped by the flow resistance of the liquid passing through the throttles 9 and 11 in the meantime. .. Here, when it is a mere passage that connects the sub chambers 8 to each other and does not constitute a throttle, the damping force is mainly obtained only from the throttle 9. Therefore, the throttle 9 in this case serves both as a throttle for the fluid that reciprocates between the fluid chamber 7 and the sub chamber 8 and as a throttle for the fluid that reciprocates between the fluid chambers 7.

Further, during the vertical vibration of FIG. 7, since the base 5 vibrates in the direction of approaching and separating from the base 4, each fluid chamber 7 is repeatedly compressed and expanded at the same time. The fluid chamber 7
The volume change of the sub-chamber 8 also repeats. However, since the volume change of each fluid chamber 7 is synchronized with the increase / decrease in-phase, the fluid is communicated with the fluid chamber 7 via the throttle 9 and the sub-chamber 8 It is performed only during the period, and the movement of the fluid between the sub chambers 8 is not performed as described above. Therefore, the vibration damping force here is mainly obtained only by the diaphragm 9.

When these vibrations stop, the shape of the rubber-like elastic body 6 is restored, so that the relative position between the ground side 2 and the structure side 3 becomes the same as before the vibration input.

Thus, according to the vibration damping device 1, one device has the functions of the support on the structure side 3, the horizontal resistance member, and the damper. Moreover, since the rigidity in the horizontal direction can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the pillar 12, it is possible to cope with the structure side 3 having different weight by changing the length of the pillar 12. . Further, the vibration damping device 1 can be used upside down from the state shown in the figure.

 8 and 9 are diagrams showing a second embodiment.

In this embodiment, each fluid chamber 7 is provided inside the rubber elastic body 6.
A diaphragm 11 that directly communicates with each other is provided. As a result, the diaphragm 9 for vibration in the vertical direction and the diaphragm 11 for vibration in the horizontal direction are independent of each other, so that the damping force for each vibration can be set individually. Although the sub-chambers 8 are individually provided corresponding to the respective fluid chambers 7, a common sub-chamber 8 that communicates with each of the fluid chambers 7 may be used like the sub-chamber 8 shown by the chain line. Of course. This configuration can be realized when the diaphragm 11 as in the first embodiment is not provided between the plurality of sub chambers 8. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

10 and 11 show a plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies 6 between the bases 4 and 5.
Are arranged in parallel, and each rubber-like elastic body 6 has a fluid chamber 7
Are individually provided to configure the vibration damping device 1. According to this, the supporting force of the structure side 3 can be set according to the number of the rubber-like elastic bodies 6. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In each of the above embodiments, the rubber-like elastic body 6 and the fluid chamber 7 have a circular cross section, but these shapes are not always limited to the above-mentioned circular shape, and a laminated rubber is used as the rubber-like elastic body 6. It is also possible to use synthetic resin as a material as long as it has rubbery properties. The bases 4 and 5 are not necessarily limited to plate-shaped members. Furthermore, in this invention, not only the seismic force is attenuated but also the ground side 2 and the structure side 3
Since all the relative vibrations between and can be damped, if a vibration generating machine or a vibration generating structure is set as the structure side 3, it is possible to prevent transmission to other vibrations.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the present invention, the structure side is supported by one type of device, the vertical and horizontal vibrations can be damped, the horizontal two-direction vibrations can be dealt with, and the fluid has stable properties. As a result, there is no variation in damping force, and it is possible to obtain a device that can be controlled repeatedly.

Particularly, in the vibration damping device, when the plurality of sub-chambers are communicated with each other through the throttle so that the two fluid chambers are communicated with each other through the throttle, the movement of the fluid between the two fluid chambers is caused by the sub-chamber. A high damping force can be obtained because it is performed by passing through the throttle between the next chamber and the throttle between the sub chambers.

Further, in the vibration damping device, since the fluid that reciprocates between the plurality of fluid chambers by communicating between the plurality of sub chambers passes through the sub chamber, the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber, If it also serves as a restriction between the fluid chambers, it is not necessary to specially configure a restriction exclusively for the fluid chambers.

Further, if the plurality of fluid chambers are directly communicated with each other by a throttle different from the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber, the vertical vibration component and the horizontal vibration component are attenuated by the different throttles. The damping force for the vibration of the component can be set individually.

In these cases, if there are multiple rubber-like elastic bodies between both bases and individual fluid chambers are provided in each rubber-like elastic body, increase or decrease in the number of rubber-like elastic bodies provided with fluid chambers. Thus, the vibration damping force of the vibration damping device and the supporting force of the structure can be adjusted and set.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a partially cutaway front view of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG. The front view which shows the usage example of the apparatus of 1 Example,
5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the apparatus of the first embodiment during horizontal vibration, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the apparatus of the first embodiment during vertical vibration. 8 is a partially cutaway front view of the second embodiment, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway front view of the third embodiment, and FIG. XI-XI in Fig. 10
It is a line sectional view. 1 ... Damping device, 2 ... Ground side, 3 ... Structure side, 4,5
…… Base, 6 …… Rubber-like elastic body, 7 …… Fluid chamber, 8 ……
Sub-chamber, 9 ... diaphragm, 11 ... diaphragm, 12 ... pillar, 13 ... spherical support mechanism, 15 ... seat.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A base having a base fixed to the ground side and a base fixed to a structure supported by the ground, one base being the ground side or the structure to which the base is fixed. Is fixed to the side through a spherical bearing mechanism, a rubber-like elastic body for supporting the load of the structure is fixed between the both bases, and a fluid chamber is provided inside the rubber-like elastic body. A plurality of fluid chambers are provided in parallel between the two bases, and a sub chamber having a variable volume is connected to each of the fluid chambers via a throttle, and the fluid chambers are also throttled. A vibration control device for a structure supported on the ground, which is characterized in that it is communicated with each other. 2. A sub-chamber is provided in each of the fluid chambers, and communication between the fluid chambers is established between the sub-chambers corresponding to these fluid chambers. By using a throttle different from the throttle between the two, the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber and the throttle between the sub chambers are interposed between the two fluid chambers that are communicated with each other. A structure vibration damping device supported on the ground according to claim 1. 3. The fluid chambers are communicated with each other through the sub chambers so that the throttle between the fluid chambers and the sub chambers is also used as the throttle between the fluid chambers that communicate with each other. A structure vibration damping device supported on the ground according to claim 1. 4. The structure supported on the ground according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of fluid chambers are directly communicated with each other by a throttle different from the throttle between the fluid chamber and the sub chamber. Vibration control device. 5. A plurality of rubber-like elastic bodies for supporting a load of a structure are fixed in parallel between both bases, and fluid chambers are individually provided inside the rubber-like elastic bodies. A structure vibration damping device supported by the ground according to any one of claims 1 to 4.