JP2684791B2 - Waveform signal generator for tone control - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial applications]

The present invention comprises a parameter storage means for storing a parameter for determining a waveform shape, and a calculation means for executing a calculation based on the storage parameter, which starts an operation in synchronization with the start of generation of a musical sound, and The present invention relates to a musical tone control waveform signal generator that generates a musical tone control waveform signal that changes with the passage of time from the start.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, this type of apparatus rapidly rises from a reference level (0 level) in synchronization with the start of generation of a musical tone corresponding to a key depression timing, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-39097. After the rise, a musical tone control waveform signal that changes with time is formed and output to control the amplitude envelope of the musical tone signal and the amplitude envelope of the modulation signal for forming the musical tone signal.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the above-mentioned conventional musical tone control waveform signal generating device has the following problems:
Only a waveform signal that rapidly rises from the reference level (0 level) can be formed and output, which is an obstacle to forming a tone signal having various characteristics. The present invention has been devised in order to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to change the characteristics at the rising edge of a musical tone control waveform signal in order to change and control the characteristics at the start of the generation of musical sounds. An object of the present invention is to provide a musical tone control waveform signal generator capable of change control.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a structural feature of the present invention is to provide a parameter storage means for storing a parameter for determining a waveform shape, and a calculation means for executing an operation based on the stored parameter. In the musical tone control signal generator that starts the operation in synchronization with the generation start and generates the musical tone control waveform signal that changes according to the time path from the start, the musical tone control waveform signal at the start of the musical tone generation An initial level setting means for setting the initial level to an arbitrary value, a duration setting means for setting the time for maintaining the initial level from the start of the generation of the musical sound to an arbitrary value, and the setting from the start of the generation of the musical sound. There is provided an initial waveform formation control means for controlling the formation of the musical tone control waveform signal so as to maintain the set initial level for a predetermined time.

Effect of the Invention

In the present invention configured as described above, when the musical tone control waveform signal is formed, the initial waveform formation control means forms the same waveform signal so as to maintain the initial level for a predetermined time from the start of the musical tone generation. Control. Since the predetermined time and the initial level are set to arbitrary values by the holding time setting means and the initial level setting means, respectively, the characteristics of the musical tone control waveform signal are changed variously when the musical tone rises. You can control. For example, if the predetermined time and the initial level are set to values other than "0", as shown in FIG. 4A, the predetermined level is immediately reached with the start of the generation of the musical sound, and after the predetermined time elapses. A waveform signal that rises rapidly can be formed, and by setting the predetermined time and the initial level to various values, the waveform shape before the rise can be variously modified. Further, by setting both the initial level and the predetermined time to "0", it is possible to form a waveform signal as shown in FIG. 4B. Further, by setting only the predetermined time to a value other than "0" while keeping the initial level at "0", it is possible to form a waveform signal with a time delay with respect to the generation of a musical sound.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to form and output a musical tone control waveform signal in which the characteristics at the time of rising are variously changed.
The rising characteristics of various musical tone elements relating to pitch, volume, etc. can be variously changed and controlled, various musical tones can be generated, and the degree of freedom in sound production increases.

【Example】

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a musical tone control waveform signal generator according to the present invention.
The entire electronic musical instrument is shown in a block diagram. This electronic musical instrument inputs a performance signal for controlling the generation of musical sounds.
External data capture circuit 11 for automatic performance data
A read circuit 12 and a key switch circuit 13 are provided. Outside
The data acquisition circuit 11 is connected to the external connection terminal 14,
The key depression state signal supplied from the other instrument to the same terminal 14,
The performance signal such as a key touch signal is taken in. Self
The circuit 12 for reading the dynamic performance data is a floppy disk,
Automatic performance data consisting of recording media such as magnetic tape and ROM
Corresponding to the performance signal recorded in the recording device 15.
The automatic performance signal is read as the music progresses.
You. The key switch circuit 13 has a plurality of keys corresponding to each key on the keyboard 16.
A key-depression shape consisting of a key switch, which indicates the key-depression state of each key.
A state signal is output. Also, this key switch times
A key touch detection circuit 17 is installed in parallel on the path 13 and detects the same.
The circuit 17 detects a key touch accompanying the key depression of the keyboard 16 and detects the key touch.
The key output touch signal is output. In addition, this electronic musical instrument has a switch circuit 21
Equipped with meter setting switch circuit 22 and display control circuit 23
I have. The tone color switch circuit 21 is provided on the panel surface.
Tone number of the generated musical sound (for piano 1, piano 2, etc.)
Corresponding to each of the tone color selection control group 24
It is composed of multiple switches that
The operation state signal is output. Parameter setting
The constant switch circuit 22 is provided on the panel surface to provide the above-mentioned tone colors.
Parameter setting operation to control the musical sound corresponding to the number
It is composed of multiple switches etc. corresponding to the group 25
Outputs the operation status signal that indicates the operation status of each controller.
It is. The display control circuit 23 is provided on the panel surface.
The display state of the display 26 is controlled. Each of these
Circuits 11-13, 17, 21-23 are commonly connected to bus 30.
You. On the bus 30, a tone signal type that forms and outputs a tone signal
The composition circuit 40 is connected. This tone signal forming circuit 40
Depending on the data supplied via bus 30
In the embodiment, eight musical tone signals are formed for each channel.
Output, for example, as shown in FIG.
It is composed of a circuit that synthesizes a tone signal by FM modulation.
You. The tone signal forming circuit 40 is connected to the bus 30.
It has a data distribution circuit 41, which is connected to the bus 30.
Frequency data and channels provided with the channel data
The bellows data EG (c, 0), EG (c, 1) is used
The phase information generation circuit 42 and
Supply to the calculators 43 and 44 respectively. Phase information generation circuit 42
Is the frequency data synchronized with the channel timing.
Phase information that represents the phase of the waveform signal by accumulating
sine wave table synchronized with ωt in the same channel timing
It is sequentially supplied to the router 45 and the adder 46. Sine wave
Table 45 stores a sine wave based on the supply phase information ωt.
Is read out and output to the multiplier 43.
Outputs the envelope data EG (c, 0) to the sine wave output.
It is multiplied and output to the adder 46. Both adders 46
Add inputs and supply the added value to the sine wave table 47
The table 47 is stored based on the added value.
The sine wave is read and output to the multiplier 44. Multiplication
Unit 44 converts the envelope data EG (c, 1) into the sine wave.
The output of the table 47 is multiplied and output. this
Therefore, from the multiplier 44, the waveform signal EG (c, 1) · sin {ω
t + EG (c, 0) ・ sinωt} is output
You. This waveform signal is converted to an analog signal by the D / A converter 48
Output to the sound system 49
I have. Sound system 49 is from amplifier, speaker, etc.
And convert the analog signal into an acoustic signal and emit the sound.
Things. Also, the bus 30 has a tone generation channel for the pressed key.
To the envelope data EG (c, 0), EG (c,
Professionals for performing 1) formation and controlling the generation of musical sounds
Gram memory 51, CPU 52, working memory 53 and Thailand
The circuit 54 is connected. Each of these circuits 51-54 is
It is a component of the black computer, and has a program memo.
The ROM 51 is composed of a ROM, and the flow of FIG. 5 to FIG.
Program corresponding to the chart and necessary constant data
I remember. CPU52 is a power switch (not shown)
Repeated execution of the "main program" shown in Fig. 5 upon input
It is executed every time a timer interrupt signal is generated.
Interrupt the "Timer Interrupt Program" in Figure 8
To do. The working memory 53 is composed of RAM and is shown in FIG.
The event buffer area 53a and keyboard as shown in Fig. 3D
Data buffer area 53b, key touch buffer area 53c,
Envelope level table area 53d, envelope level
It has a storage area 53e and other storage areas.
You. Event buffer area 53a captures external data
Circuit 11, automatic performance data reading circuit 12 and key switch times
All detected key press / release by the key press status signal from path 13
Key depression status signal KO, key data KD and key
Touch data KT (key touch detection times when playing keyboard
(Supplied through line 17). In addition,
In that case, the key depression state signal KO indicates a key depression state by "1".
Together with "0" represents the key release status, and key data KD
Represents the key name on the keyboard. Keyboard buffer area 53
b is the eight tone signal forming channels of the tone signal forming circuit 40.
Each channel has 8 memory channels corresponding to
Upper 2 bits in the channel are assigned to the channel
This is state data that represents the tone generation state of the tone signal for the key.
Key data KD for the other low-order multi-bit data.
is there. The first bit of this status data (most significant bit
MSB) indicates a key depression state by "1" and by "0".
It indicates the key release state, and the second bit is released by "1".
Represents the decay state of the musical sound after keying and is attenuated by "0"
Indicates that it is in the end state. Key touch buffer area 53
c is a key related to the key assigned to each channel
The key touch data KT representing the touch is converted to the key data KD
It is stored in correspondence with. The envelope level table area 53d has m notes
Two for each color number (n = 0,1),
0-4 ON level ONL0-ONL4, loop number LOOP and 1st,
2 The off level OFL1 and OFL2 are stored. In addition,
0-4 ON level ONL0-ONL4 and 1st and 2nd OFF level OFL1,
OFL2 is temporally segmented as shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
Envelope waveform swing that rises and falls for each section
It shows each reached value of width value.
Bells ONL0 to ONL4 correspond to the key being pressed, and
Frevel OFL1 and OFL2 are supported during key release. Loop number
No. LOOP indicates the time when the waveform signal repeats
It is shown. Envelope rate table area 53e
Is the same as the level table area and 53d.
Two for each color number (n = 0,1),
Delay time DT, 1st to 4th on-rate ONR1 to ONR4, 1st, 1st
2 The off rate OFR1 and OFR2 are stored. In addition,
The delay time DT is as shown in Fig. 4A.
Corresponding to the time to keep the 0th ON level ONL0 at the beginning
I have. 1st-4th on-rate ONR1-ONL4 and 1st-2nd off-rate
OFR1 and OFR2 are
Envelop that rises and falls in each of the categories
Shows the change rate value of the waveform amplitude value,
The 1st to 4th on-rates ONR1 to ONR4 are supported during key depression.
And, the first and second off rates OFR1 and OFR2 correspond to the key being released.
I have. The timer circuit 54 has a built-in oscillator, and the timer circuit 54
Repeats the interrupt signal. Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described.
First, however, the overall operation will be briefly described. Outline of operation When the power switch is turned on, the CPU 52 causes the CPU 52 shown in FIG.
Start execution of the "main program" at step 100, and
Clear the specified part of the working memory 53 with step 101.
A) or write necessary initial data to a predetermined location.
In such a case, especially, the event buffer area 53a, the keyboard
The buffer area 53b and the key touch buffer area 53c are
Cleared and envelope level table area
Standard for area 53d and envelope rate table 53e
The parameter is stored. After that, the CPU 52 executes the circulation process including steps 102 to 104.
Execute the process. In step 102, the "press" in FIG.
The key release detection routine is executed and the external data
Read-in circuit 11, automatic performance data read-out circuit 12 and key switch
Tone signal is formed according to the key-depression state signal from the touch circuit 13.
The tone signal and its generation and stop in the circuit 40 are controlled.
In such a case, the data on the frequency of the tone signal is
By executing the "key release / release key detection routine"
Formed tone signal in the forming circuit 40, which is output to the path 40.
Frequency is controlled, but the amplitude of modulation signal and tone signal
To control the environment as shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
Envelope data EG (c, 0), EG (c,
1) is the "timer interrupt program" in Figure 8.
By execution, it is output to the tone signal forming circuit 40, and
In the key release detection routine, the envelope data
EG (c, 0), EG (c, 1) only performs initial control when key is released.
Will be In step 103, the "parameter setting" in FIG.
The routine processing is executed and the parameter setting switch
Operation detection signal of parameter setting operator group 25 from circuit 22
Depending on the envelope level table area 53d and
Various types stored in the mbello plate table area 53e
Parameters are set and changed with various values
You. Then, with each of these parameters, the envelope
The shape of the rope waveform is determined. In step 104, other processing is executed.
Is done. In such processing, controls other than those mentioned above
The process relating to
Then, envelope data EG (c, 0), EG (c,
Tone number m and touch flag TOU used to form 1)
CH (0) and TOUCH (1) are all in the tone selection operator group 24
It is set according to the operation of one of the controls. Next, according to the operation of the parameter setting operator group 25
Parameter setting change operation and envelope waveform formation
For details on the operation of forming tone signals in response to key press and release
explain. Parameter setting change operation Executed in step 103 of "Main program"
In the “parameter setting routine”, the steps in FIG.
Execution starts at step 300, and at step 301
One of the operators in the meter setting operator group 25 was operated
Is determined. In such a case, operate both operators.
If not, "NO" in step 301 above
Based on the judgment that it is determined in step 305, the same “parameter setting
Execution of the "routine" is terminated. On the other hand, one of the parameter setting controls 25
Then, in step 301, it is determined as “YES”, and step
At 302, a display control signal corresponding to the operation is displayed.
Output to line 23. This causes the display control circuit 23 to display
The display 26 on the display 26 by controlling the display 26.
Change according to the operation of the meter setting operator group 25. This and
At the same time, the operation is related to the parameter change.
If there is, the determination of “YES” in step 303
Based on the envelope level table area in step 304.
Area 53d, envelope rate table area 53e, etc.
The parameter to be updated is updated according to the operation. The operation will be described with a specific example.
The menu status can be selected by setting or operating a specific controller.
If selected, the indicator 26 will be as shown in Figure 11A.
To select the parameter group you want to change.
Display. In such a case, display using a certain controller
Move the cursor on the screen to make it as desired
Select a parameter group. With this selection, the envelope
If a group of parameters related to
In the display control circuit 23, the envelope level table area 53
Various parameters ONL0 to ONL4, LO related to tone color m in d
OP, OFL1, OFL2 are supplied, and the indicator 26 is shown in FIG. 11B.
As described above, various parameter values ONL0 to
Display ONL4, LOOP, OFL1, OFL2. Also, according to the selection
Parameters for envelope rate are selected.
The display control circuit 23, the envelope rate
Various parameters for tone number m in table area 53e
DT, ONR1 to ONR4, OFR1, OFR2 are supplied, the display 26
As shown in FIG. 11C, various parameters are added together with the tone color number m.
Displays the meter value DT, ONR1 to ONR4, OFR1, OFR2. Take
If the tone number m is maintained at the previously set value,
You. Then, by operating a certain control, the cursor
To the desired position and indicated by the cursor
Change the value of the current position. As a result, the display is changed
The parameter is a predetermined position in both the tables 53d and 53e.
Is newly written in. In addition, the sound of Fig. 11B and Fig. 11C
If you change the color number m, it will be displayed on the display 26 and changed.
The parameter group to be updated is updated. In addition, such display
Even if it is in a state, by operating a specific operator,
The display status of Fig. 11B and Fig. 11C is changed to the menu shown in Fig. 11A.
-It is also possible to return to the state. In this way, the envelope level table area 53
Various parameters in d are ONL0 to ONL4, LOOP, OFL1, OFL2, and
Various parameters D in the mbellow plate table area 53e
Set T, ONR1 to ONR4, OFR1, OFR2 to the values desired by the performer.
Is determined. Musical tone signal forming operation Executed in step 102 of "Main program"
In the "key release / release key detection routine", the steps shown in FIG.
The execution is started at 200, and the key event is started at step 201.
It is determined whether or not there is a service. This judgment is based on external data
Read-in circuit 11, automatic performance data read-out circuit 12 and key switch
Input the key depression state signal from the switch circuit 13,
Input the new key depression status signal and the previous key depression status signal.
By comparing, to detect the change of key depression state
Things. In such a case, if there is no change,
Based on the judgment of “NO” in step 201, step 213
Then, the execution of the "key release / release key detection routine" is terminated. one
However, if there is a change in the key depression state (when a new key depression or
)), “YES” in step 201, that is, there is a key event
If it is determined that there is a change in the key depression state in step 202.
New key depression status signal KO, key data KD and
And key touch data KT are all in the event buffer area 53
Captured as key event data in a. (See Figure 3A
Next, the variable N is set by the processing of steps 203 and 210 to 212.
While incrementing from "0" by "1"
Each key event until there is no data in the buffer area 53a.
The processing of steps 204 to 209 is executed for each data item. In such processing, the key event data is related to the key depression.
If yes, then the “YES” step 204
Key event data EVTBU in the event buffer area 53a
Based on the judgment that the most significant bit MSB of F (N) is "1"
Then, in step 205, an empty channel for forming a tone signal is formed.
The channel c is searched and the keyboard buffer area 53b and
And the search channel in the key touch buffer area 53c.
To each storage location KYB (c), KTB (c) corresponding to
Key data Event data EVTBUF (N) data KO, KD, KT
Data “10 + KD” and “KT” are stored respectively
You. In such a case, the highest of the above data “10 + KD”
Bit MSB is the key depression state signal KO (represents the key depression state)
It corresponds to. The second bit of data is
"1" indicates the damping state after key release, and "0" indicates
This indicates the end of decay and is added in this processing.
It was done. After the processing of step 205,
At 206, the memory location KY of the keyboard buffer area 53b
The stored key data KD in B (c) is the search key
It is sent to the tone signal forming circuit 40 together with the channel data c.
It is. In the tone signal forming circuit 40, the data distribution circuit
41 receives both data KD, c and
In synchronization with the channel timing specified by
Output the key data KD to the phase information generation circuit 42 by time division,
Controls the pitch of the tone signal. After the processing of step 206, in step 207
Segment data SEG specified by channel data c
(C, 0), SEG (c, 1) and time count data T (c, 0),
T (c, 1) is initialized to "0". The segment
The data SEG (c, 0) and SEG (c, 1) are shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
Each section that divides each envelope waveform according to the passage of time
Represents Also, the time count data T (c, 0), T (c, 1)
Is the first segment of each envelope waveform in Figures 4A and 4B.
Represents the duration of the interval (SEG (c, 0), SEG (c, 1) = 0).
However, the envelope waveform in Figure 4B is
This corresponds to the case where the duration of is 0. On the other hand, the key event data is related to key release.
If so, “NO” in step 204, that is, event
Key event data EVTBUF (N) in the buffer area 53a
Based on the determination that the most significant bit MSB of the
At 208, the key data KD of the key event data is
The assigned channel c is searched and the key
In the search channel c in the board buffer area 53b
The upper 2 bits of the corresponding storage location KYB (c) are set to “01”.
It is changed regularly. In such a case, according to the data “01”,
The tone signal for channel c is for key release.
At the same time, it is shown that
You. After the processing of step 208, in step 209,
Segment data SEG specified by channel data c
(C, 0), SEG (c, 1) is set to "5", and
Target value of envelope data #EG (c, 0), #EG (c, 1) and
The change rate data K (c, 0), K (c, 1) corresponds to the tone number m.
First off level OFL (m, 0), OFL (m, 1) and first off
The rates are set to OFR (m, 0) and OFR (m, 1), respectively.
As a result, as shown in Figures 4A and 4B, the segment
The data SEG (c, 0) and SEG (c, 1) are related to the envelope waveform.
Is set to the first interval value after key release and
Target values #EG (c, 0), #EG (c, 1) and rate of change data K
(C, 0), K (c, 1) is the envelope data for the same section
Will be set to the target value and the rate of change. During processing such as pressing and releasing keys, the timer circuit 54
When the interrupt signal is output, the CPU52 causes the
Run the "Mine interrupt program"
Data EG (c, 0) and EG (c, 1) are sequentially formed and output. The execution of the "timer interrupt program" is shown in Fig. 8.
Start at step 400, then envelop at step 401
The variable n that represents the type of waveform (Figs. 4A and 4B) and the
The channel variable c representing the formation channel of the sound signal
Initially set to "0". These variables n and c are
Envelope for each type of bellows waveform and each channel
Used to form the data EG (c, n),
During the cyclic processing consisting of steps 402 to 419, the variable n
Each channel variable c (0 to
When it is switched to “0” and “1” alternately for 7)
In both cases, the variable c is "0" by the processing of steps 418 and 419.
~ It is sequentially updated over "7". In this case, the channel has common operation.
Therefore, in the following description, the
Only the formation of the bellows data EG (c, n) will be explained.
You. First, the envelope data when the variable n is "0"
The formation of EG (c, 0) is described in Step 4 above.
After the initial setting of 01, the channel variable c is set in step 402.
Correspondingly, memory location KYB of keyboard buffer area 53b
The data stored in (c) is read and the same data is read.
The most significant bit MSB of is set to “1”, which indicates the key depression state.
It is determined whether or not there is. Now the external data acquisition circuit
11, automatic performance data reading circuit 12 and key switch circuit 13
A new key depression is detected in response to the key depression status signal from
If it is later, the most significant bit MSB is set to the state of FIG.
Since it is set to "1" by the processing of step 205,
In step 402, it is determined to be "YES", and in step 403
It is determined whether the touch flag TOUCH (0) is "1".
It is. This touch flag TOUCH (0) is "Main program
"Ram" (Fig. 5) is set in step 104,
Whether to add the effect of key touch to the bellows waveform
The flag TOUCH (0) is "1",
If so, the basis for the determination of “YES” in step 403 above
Then, in step 404, touch correction level data VL
(0) corresponds to the channel variable c
Key stored in storage area KTB (c) of the file area 53c
Set to touch data KT. Touch flag TOUCH
If (0) is “0”, “N
Based on the determination of “O”, in step 405, the touch correction
Bell data VL (0) is not affected by key touch
It is set to "0". After the processing of steps 404 and 405, at step 406
The processing of "target value setting routine 1" is executed. this
"Target value setting routine 1" is an envelope while pressing a key.
Control for the formation of the waveform
The process is performed as shown in FIG. 9 for details.
It will be started at Top 500. First, the segment data SEG (c, 0) is the stream of FIG.
While it is set to "0" by the processing of step 207
Is based on the judgment of “YES” in step 501.
Envelope data EG (c, 0) is enveloped at 502
0th ON stored in the level table area 53d
Level is set to ONL (m, 0). Also, in such a case,
The number n is “0”, so “YES” in step 503.
If it is determined that the envelope data is
EG (c, 0) is set by the processing in step 502 above.
Add value A · VL (0) to envelope data EG (c, 0)
It is updated to the value you did. Note that the value A is a predetermined positive
Is a constant, and as a result, the level for touch correction set above is set.
If the rule data VL (0) is “0”, the envelope data
EG (c, 0) shows the value shown by the solid line in Fig. 4A.
Touch correction level data VL (0) is not "0",
The envelope data EG (c, 0) is as shown by the broken line in Fig. 4A.
Be changed. Next, at step 505, the time count data T (c, 0)
Is stored in the envelope rate table area 53e
Is equal to the delay time DT (m, 0)
It is. In this case, the time count data T (c, 0) is
First, "0" is obtained by the process of step 207 of FIG.
Since it is set to
Based on the judgment of `` O '', at step 506
“1” is added to T (c, 0), and it is judged in step 526.
The execution of the "target value setting routine 1" is ended. However
However, the delay time DT (m, 0) is set to "0".
Not yet. After executing the "target value setting routine 1",
Please refer to "Timer Interrupt Program" in Fig.8.
Then, the process returns to the determination process of step 409. In such a case,
The segment data SEG (c, 0) is "0", so
It is determined to be “YES” at step 409, and each change is made at step 413.
Envelope data EG (c, 0) is easy with number c, n (= 0).
It is sent to the sound signal forming circuit 40. To the tone signal forming circuit 40
In the above, each variable c, n supplied by the data distribution circuit 41
(= 0) to synchronize with the channel timing
Output the envelope data EG (c, 0) to the multiplier 43 for multiplication
The device 43 determines the amplitude of the modulation signal sinωt by the data value EG (c, 0)
To control. When time elapses after such control, the "Timer
"Program" is read again and the same
Steps 501 to 506 (“Target value setting routine of FIG. 9
1 ”) is executed. In such cases, the envelope
Data EG (c, 0) is kept the same value by the above processing.
, The envelope waveform has a constant level, as shown in Figure 4A.
The time count data T (c, 0) is maintained at the bell
It is incremented by "1" for each process of step 506. By the update processing of the time count data T (c, 0)
Therefore, the same data T (c, 0) becomes the delay time DT (m, 0).
When it becomes difficult, it is judged as “YES” in the step 505.
In step 507, the segment data SEG (c,
0), envelope data target value EG # (c, 0) and rate of change
The data K (c, 0) is set based on the following equation. SEG (c, 0) = 1 EG # (c, 0) = ONL1 (m, 0) + B · VL (0) K (c, 0) = ONR1 (m, 0) Each value ONL1 (m, 0) ), ONR1 (m, 0) is the envelope
Level table area 53d and envelope rate table
First on-level and first stored in the memory area 53e.
It is an on-rate and the value B is a positive constant. After the processing of the "target value setting routine 1"
Segment data SEG (c, 0) is set to "1"
"Timer interrupt program" in Fig. 8
When the process returns to step 409, it is determined as “NO” in step 409.
It is. Since the variable n is “0”, step 410
Is judged as “YES” in step 411 and the following performance is performed.
The envelope data EG (c, 0) is updated by executing the formula.
Be renewed. EG (c, 0) = EG (c, 0) ± K (c, 0) Note that the operator “±” in the above equation is the envelope
Target data EG # (c, 0) and the current envelope data
Data EG (c, 0) is EG # (c, 0)> EG (c, 0)
If so, EG (c, 0) + K (c, 0) is calculated and EG # (c, 0)
<EG (c, 0) If EG (c, 0) -K (c, 0)
Means that And again, "Timer interrupt program
When the "Run" is started, the session set to "1" is set.
Based on the measurement data SEG (c, 0)
In steps 501 and 508 of "Setting routine 1", "N"
It is determined to be “O” or “YES”, and the following calculation is performed in step 509.
Execution of the expression causes the envelope data EG (c, 0) to
It became almost equal to the target value EG # (c, 0) of the bellows data.
Is determined. | EG (c, 0) −EG # (c, 0) | ≦ ΔVL The value ΔVL is set to a predetermined small value. Heel
, The absolute value of the difference between both data EG (c, 0) and EG # (c, 0)
Until the value becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value ΔVL, in step 509, “N
O ”is determined, and in step 526, the“ target value setting rule ”is set.
"Timer 1" is completed, so "Timer interrupt
Each time the program is executed, in step 411 of FIG.
The envelope data EG (c, 0) is updated in sequence,
Data EG (c, 0) is the first as shown in section 1 of FIG. 4A.
The first on-rate 0NR1 toward the on-level ONL1 (m, 0)
It changes linearly at (m, 0). During this change, the envelope data EG (c, 0) is
Approach the target data EG # (c, 0) of the bellows
The relationship between EG (c, 0) and EG # (c, 0) is | EG (c, 0) -EG #
When (c, 0) | ≦ ΔVL, the above step 509 (FIG. 9)
Is determined as YES in step 510 and the segment data is
Data SEG (c, 0), envelope data target value EG # (c,
0) and change rate data K (c, 0) are set based on the following formula
Is done. SEG (c, 0) = 2 EG # (c, 0) = ONL2 (m, 0) K (c, 0) = ONR2 (m, 0) Also in this case, each value ONL2 (m, 0), ONR2 (m, 0) is
Envelope level table area 53d and envelope
The second online store stored in the rate table area 53e.
Bell and second on-rate. To set this segment data SEG (c, 0) to "2"
Therefore, the same steps 511 and 512 (Fig. 9) and steps
The envelope data is processed by the processing of step 411 (Fig. 8).
Data EG (c, 0), as shown in section 2 of Figure 4A,
Second on-rate ONR2 toward the next level ONL2 (m, 0)
It changes linearly at (m, 0). And envelope
Updater EG (c, 0) is almost at the second ON level ONL2 (m, 0)
If they are equal, in step 512 "YES", that is, | EG
(C, 0) −EG # (c, 0) | ≦ ΔVL, it is determined that
Segment data SEG (c, 0), Envelop at 513
Target data EG # (c, 0) and change rate data K (c, 0)
Is set based on the following formula. SEG (c, 0) = 3 EG # (c, 0) = ONL3 (m, 0) K (c, 0) = ONR3 (m, 0) Even in this case, each value ONL3 (m, 0), ONR3 (m, 0)
Shows the envelope level table area 53d and the envelope level.
-The third table stored in the plate table area 53e
Level and the third on-rate. In this way, the segment data SEG (c, 0) is sequentially
Updated to "3" and "4", and the envelopes of sections 3 and 4 in Figure 4A.
Waveform is formed. At the end of section 3,
Based on the determination of “YES” in step 515,
At 516, the envelope level table area 53d and the
The first stored in the bellows plate table area 53e.
4 on-level ONL4 (m, 0) and 4th on-rate ONR4 (m,
0) based on segment data SEG (c, 0), envelope
Target data EG # (c, 0) and change rate data K (c,
0) is set by the following calculation formula. SEG (c, 0) = 4 EG # (c, 0) = ONL4 (m, 0) K (c, 0) = ONR4 (m, 0) Further, the formation of the envelope waveform of the section 4 is completed.
Then, in step 517, it is determined as “YES”, and the step
Segment data SEG (c, 0) is enveloped in 518
Set the loop number LOOP (m, 0) in the level table area 53d.
Is determined. The loop number LOOP (m, 0) is shown in Fig. 7.
It is set by the "parameter setting routine" of
However, in this embodiment, the value is set to any one of “1” to “4”.
Defined, not set to any other value
It has become. After the processing of step 518, steps 519 to 521 are executed.
The value of the segment data SEG (c, 0) is determined. Such a place
If the segment data SEG (c, 0) is set to “1”,
If so, based on the determination of “YES” in step 519,
At step 522, the same as the processing at step 507,
Envelope data target value EG # (c, 0) and rate of change data
K (c, 0) is set as follows. EG # (c, 0) = ONL1 (m, 0) + B · VL (0) K (c, 0) = ONR1 (m, 0) This allows the formation of envelope data EG (c, 0).
Then, it is returned to the processing state of the step 507.
Then, the above-mentioned envelope waveform formation in sections 1 to 4
Processing will continue to be executed. In addition, the process of step 518 causes the segment data
Data SEG (c, 0) is set to "2", step
Based on the determination of “YES” in 520, proceed to step 523.
Then, in the same way as the processing in step 510,
Data target value EG # (c, 0) and change rate data K (c, 0)
It is set as described below. EG # (c, 0) = ONL2 (m, 0) K (c, 0) = ONR2 (m, 0) As a result, the envelope data EG (c, 0) is formed.
Then, it is returned to the processing state of step 510.
Then, the envelope waveform formation described above in sections 2 to 4
Processing will continue to be executed. In addition, the process of step 518 causes the segment data
Data SEG (c, 0) is set to "3", step
Based on the judgment of “YES” in 521, proceed to step 524.
The envelope data as in step 513 above.
Data target value EG # (c, 0) and change rate data K (c, 0)
It is set as described below. EG # (c, 0) = ONL3 (m, 0) K (c, 0) = ONR3 (m, 0) This is related to the formation of envelope data EG (c, 0).
Then, it is returned to the processing state of step 513.
Then, the envelope waveform forming process described above in sections 3 and 4 is performed.
Reason will continue to be executed. Furthermore, in the processing of step 518, the segment data
If SEG (c, 0) is set to "4", each step
Based on the judgment of “NO” in 519 to 521, step 52
Change rate data K (c, 0) is set to "0" at 5
At step 526, the processing of the "target value setting routine 1" is performed.
finish. As a result, in step 411 of FIG.
Change rate data K (c, c) for the slope data EG (c, 0)
0) Even if the addition process is performed, the same data EG (c, 0)
The value does not change and is kept at the 4th ON level ONL4 (m, 0)
You. In this way, the envelope waveform is repeatedly formed.
As a result, as long as the key depression state continues, as shown in Figure 4A,
Line-shaped envelope waveform signal such as for intervals 1-3
Signal continues to be generated, or the fourth ON level ONL4 (m, 0)
A flat envelope waveform signal was continuously generated
To In this state, external data acquisition circuit 11, automatic performance
Key press from the data read circuit 12 and the key switch circuit 13
When the status signal comes to indicate the key release, the step shown in FIG.
By the processing of step 208,
Above storage location KYB (c) corresponding to search channel c
Since the setting of the 2 most significant bits is changed to "01",
Step 40 of "Timer Interrupt Program" in Figure 8
It is determined to be "NO" at 2 and at step 407
It is determined to be "YES", and in step 408 the "target value setting
The processing of "Chin 2" is executed. Also, in such a case,
By the processing of step 209 in FIG. 6, the segment data
Data SEG (c, 0) is set to "5" and
Rope data target value #EG (c, 0) and change rate data K
(C, 0) is the first off-level OFL (m, 0) and the first off-ray.
To OFR (m, 0). As a result, the steps 601, 602 of FIG. 10 and the steps of FIG.
By the processing of step 411, as in the case of the above-mentioned key depression,
Then, the envelope data EG (c, 0) is the section of Fig. 4A.
As shown in 5, heading for the first off level OFL1 (m, 0)
Changes linearly with the first off rate OFR1 (m, 0)
Good. And the envelope data EG (c, 0) is the first off
When it becomes almost equal to the level OFL1 (m, 0), go to step 602.
“YES”, that is, | EG (c, 0) −EG # (c, 0) | ≦ ΔVL
It is determined that there is, segment data SEG in step 603
(C, 0), envelope data target value EG # (c, 0) and
The conversion rate data K (c, 0) is set based on the following equation. SEG (c, 0) = 6 EG # (c, 0) = OFL2 (m, 0) K (c, 0) = OFR2 (m, 0) Even in such a case, each value OFL2 (m, 0), OFR2 (m, 0)
Shows the envelope level table area 53d and the envelope level.
Second table stored in the plate table area 53e
Level and the second off rate. To set this segment data SEG (c, 0) to "6"
Therefore, the same steps 601, 604 (Fig. 10) and steps
The envelope data is processed by the processing of step 411 (Fig. 8).
Data EG (c, 0), as shown in section 6 of Figure 4A,
2nd off-rate OFR2 toward full level OFL2 (m, 0)
It changes linearly at (m, 0). And envelope
Updater EG (c, 0) is almost at the second off-level OFL2 (m, 0)
If they are equal, in step 604 "YES", that is, | EG
(C, 0) −EG # (c, 0) | ≦ ΔVL, it is determined that
At 605, the envelope data EG (c, 0) is set to the second off level.
Set to bell OFL2 (m, 0). Processing of this step 605
Is the envelope data EG (c,
0) exactly matches the second off level OFL2 (m, 0)
It is. The time-varying envelope formed in this way
Group data EG (c, 0) is the same as step 413 in FIG. 8 described above.
Is output to the tone signal forming circuit 40 and modulated.
Since the signal amplitude is controlled, the amplitude of the modulated signal is shown in Fig. 4A.
Attenuation changes according to the envelope waveform shown in. In the formation of the envelope waveform,
Explain the case where the delay time DT (m, 0) is not "0"
However, the same time DT (m, 0) is set to "0".
In this case, the envelope waveform of section 0 is substantially eliminated.
Therefore, the same waveform changes over the sections 1 to 6.
That is, in response to the detection of a new key depression, step 207 of FIG.
The time count data T (c, 0) is set to "0" at
Immediately after the
In step 505 (Fig. 9) of the standard setting routine 1, "Y
ES ”, the segment data S
This is because EG (c, 0) is set to "1". Next, if the variable n is "1", the envelope data
The formation of EG (c, 1) will be described. In such cases,
By executing the "key release / release key detection routine" shown in FIG.
When a key press is detected, the step 207 of the routine is performed.
Segment data SEG (c, 1) and time count data T
After (c, 1) is initialized, the "Target value setting rule" in Fig. 9 is displayed.
"Turn 1" processing including "Timer interlace" in FIG.
As described above, the
Envelope data EG (c, 1) for intervals 0 to 4 is a section
It is calculated including the repetition of 1 to 4, and it is released from the key detection.
An envelope waveform that changes with time until key detection is formed.
It is. Then, execution of the "key release / release detection routine" in FIG.
When the key release state is detected by the
In step 209 of Chin segment data SEG (c, 1),
Envelope data target value EG # (c, 1) and rate of change data
After updating K (c, 1), the target value setting in Fig. 10 is performed.
"Timer in" of FIG. 8 including the processing of "constant routine 2"
By executing the "Trapto program",
The envelope data EG (c, 1) for sections 5 and 6
Calculated from the key release to the end of the tone generation
An envelope waveform is formed. By such processing, the formed envelope waveform is
It is shown in Figure 4B. This envelope waveform is a delay
Show an example when the time DT (m, 1) is set to "0"
And changes over sections 1-6. In addition,
Even if the delay time DT (m, 1) is "0" or less
By setting it to an outside value, the interval
It is also possible to provide a portion related to 0. In addition, in the formation of such envelope data EG (c, 1)
In this case, since the variable n is set to “1”,
It is judged as “NO” in step 410 of FIG.
Update the loop data EG (c, 1) by the following calculation in step 412.
It is performed based on. EG (c, 1) = EG (c, 1) + K (c, 1). {EG # (c, 1) -EG (c, 1)} Therefore, the change curve of the envelope waveform in each section
The curve is exponential (logarithmic), as shown in Figure 4B.
You. Also, in step 503 of FIG.
The level data VL for touch correction in step 504
Since the addition process of (1) is not performed,
And the initial value of section 1 is always 0th ON level ONL0 (m, 1)
Will be kept. Furthermore, in the formation of such envelope waveform,
At the end of section 6 following the end of tone generation, the
Envelope data EG (c, 1) becomes the first
2 Off level OFL2 (m, 1) (usually "0")
You. As a result, at this point in time,
“Interrupt Program”, step 416, click YES.
The memory location KYB (c) of the keyboard buffer area 53b
The second bit of the data stored in is "1" (after key release
Decaying) and the envelope data EG (c, 1) is
The second off level OFL2 (m, 1) is determined, and the step
The keyboard buffer area 53b and key
-Each storage position KYB (c), KTB of touch buffer area 53c
The data stored in (c) is cleared. The result
As a result, both are judged as "NO" in steps 402 and 407 of FIG.
The steps 403 to 406 and 408 to 413.
Update processing and output of rope data EG (c, 0), EG (c, 1)
Channel variables that are no longer processed
The tone formation channel specified by c is an empty channel
It will be available as a file. The envelope data EG (c,
1) is also the tone signal shape by the processing of step 413 in FIG.
Output to the synthesis circuit 40, but output together with the same data EG (c, 1).
The applied variable n is “1”. Therefore, the same forming circuit
In 40, the data distribution circuit 41 uses the channel variable c.
In synchronization with the channel timing represented by
Output envelope data EG (c, 1) to multiplier 44
, The amplitude envelope of the output tone signal is the same data EG (c,
As controlled by the envelope waveform according to 1)
Become. By this control, the tone signal forming circuit 40 is
The tone signal TS represented by is output to the D / A converter 48. TS = EG (c, 1) .sin (.omega.t + EG (c, 0) .sin.omega.t) The D / A converter 48 converts the digital musical tone signal TS into an analog signal.
It is converted to a log signal and output to the sound system 49.
A tone corresponding to the tone signal TS is produced from the stem 49.
It is. As described above, according to the above embodiment, the envelope
Envelopes corresponding to the loop data EG (c, 0), EG (c, 1)
In the loop waveform, a wave in a predetermined section of sections 1 to 4
The shape can be repeated and the wave for each section
Since the change characteristics of the shape can be set arbitrarily, the key pressing time is long.
Even then, it is possible to generate a variety of musical sounds.
In addition, in the repeated formation of the envelope waveform
, You can use various parameters redundantly.
The capacity of the memory that stores the meter can be kept small.
Wear. In addition, the envelope waveform formation in section 0
The delay time DT and its level can be set arbitrarily.
Therefore, the characteristics of the musical sound at the beginning of the musical sound are delicate.
Can be controlled to increase the freedom of sound making. The above embodiment can be modified as follows.
is there. (1) In the above embodiment, the envelope for the modulated signal
Envelope data EG (c, 0) representing the waveform
Changes linearly at and the envelope wave for the tone signal
Envelope data EG (c, 1) that represents the shape within each section
I tried to change it exponentially (logarithmically).
Reverse the relationship, make both linear, or both
Both can be made exponential (logarithmic). Or
In that case, steps 411 and 412 in FIG.
If you change the judgment condition of step 410
Good. The change characteristics can be selected for each envelope waveform.
It is also possible to use Noh. In such a case, the
In the meter setting process (parameter setting routine in Fig. 7)
The player selects and sets the linear or exponential change
It is possible to change the
Steps 411 and 412 are selected so that the process is selected.
Change the judgment conditions of page 410. (2) In the above embodiment, the envelope data EG
When repeatedly forming (c, 0) and EG (c, 1), loop data L
Set only the repeat start point as OOP (m, n)
Then, from the start point to the section 4 is repeated.
However, by making it possible to set the end point of the repetition,
Repeat the waveform from the set start time to the end time.
It may be returned and output. Further, in the above embodiment, the section in the key-depressed state
Set to 4 from "0" to "4" and keep them in the key release state.
There are two sections, "5" and "6".
Even if you divide it into several parts and divide it into a larger number,
Good. (3) In the above embodiment, the tone signal forming circuit 40
The simplest FM synthesis method
Although it was presented, for example, it is shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-42276.
As you can see, the more complex FM operation synthesizes a musical sound.
Even in the case of using the tone signal forming circuit,
It is possible to use such an envelope waveform generator.
It's thick. In such a case, the tone selection operator group
The control signal based on the operation of 25 is shown by the broken line in FIG.
To control the FM calculation mode by supplying to the tone signal forming circuit 40.
And more types of envelope waveform signals
Each of the envelope waveform signals thus formed,
It is recommended to use it for the FM operation of the seed. In addition, such an envelope waveform generator has a waveform memory.
It can also be used for musical tone synthesis such as the method and harmonic synthesis method.
In such a case, in the waveform memory system, the waveform memory
Parallel or hour / minute of multiple waveform signals stored in memory
While reading in a divided manner, for each of the read waveform signals
The different envelope waveforms are given respectively, and the different
Finally, the waveform signal with the envelope waveform
It should be done. Also, harmonic synthesis method
In the above, as the envelope for each overtone,
It is recommended to use the envelope waveform. (4) In the above embodiment, a continuous envelope wave
Although only the formation of a shape has been described, it is not necessary to
The characteristics of the envelope waveform signal at the start of
Attendant system for piano, guitar, etc.
Envelope of Attenuation System for Controlling Music Signal
It can also be used to form a waveform signal. In such a case, Iwayu
Attack signal rapidly rising waveform signal
Before, the rising delay of the waveform signal or the steady state is realized.
It is. (5) In the above embodiment, the key touch data KT is used.
Only the 0th ON level ONL0 and the 1st ON level ONL1
The value was controlled to be changed, but the same key touch data KT
Alternatively, the delay time DT may be changed and controlled.
According to this, the holding time of the musical tone control waveform signal before rising
The duration is changed and controlled according to the key touch,
You can add rich performance expression. In addition, the touch data KT is used for the first on-level ONR1 etc.
The various parameters may be controlled to be changed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an electronic musical instrument employing a musical tone control waveform signal generator as an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram showing an example of the musical tone signal forming circuit of FIG. 3A to 3D are format diagrams of each data storage area provided in the working memory of FIG. 1, FIGS. 4A and 4B.
Figures are waveform charts showing examples of envelope waveforms, FIGS. 5 to 10 are flow charts of programs stored in the program memory of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 11A to 11C are display screens of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a display. Explanation of symbols 11 …… External data fetching circuit, 12 …… Automatic performance data reading circuit, 13 …… Key switch circuit, 14 …… External connection terminal, 15 …… Automatic performance data recording device, 16 …… Keyboard, 17…
… Key touch detection circuit, 21 …… Tone switch circuit, 22…
… Parameter setting switch circuit, 23 …… Display control circuit,
24 …… Sound color selection operator group, 25 …… Parameter setting operator group, 26 …… Display unit, 40 …… Music tone signal forming circuit, 49 …… Sound system, 51 …… Program memory, 52 …… CP
U, 53 ... Working memory, 54 ... Timer circuit.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A parameter storage means for storing a parameter for determining a waveform shape, and a calculation means for executing a calculation based on the stored parameter. The operation is started in synchronization with the start of generation of a musical sound, In a musical tone control waveform signal generator that generates a musical tone control waveform signal that changes with the passage of time from the start, an initial level that sets the initial level of the musical tone control waveform signal at the start of musical tone generation to an arbitrary value. Setting means, duration setting means for setting the time for maintaining the initial level from the start of the generation of the musical sound to an arbitrary value, and maintaining the set initial level for the set time from the start of the generation of the musical sound And an initial waveform formation control means for controlling the formation of a tone control waveform signal.