JP2673847B2 - Agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an agricultural cropping machine mainly for harvesting root vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, beets, taro, konjac potatoes, and carrots.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an agricultural product harvester for harvesting root vegetables, for example, potato harvesters, beet harvesters, potato diggers, riding tractors or walk-behind tractors with a digging blade attached, It is known that a digging conveyor device in which a link rod chain conveyor is connected to the rear portion is mounted, a system in which the link rod chain conveyor is vibrated, and the like.

[0003]

The above-mentioned potato harvesters, beet harvesters, potato diggers and the like are large like imported products and suitable for use in large-scale fields such as Hokkaido, but small-scale. It was not suitable for use in a natural field, and was a dedicated machine with poor versatility. Also, those equipped with a digging blade on a riding tractor or a walk-behind tractor, equipped with the digging conveyor device, oscillating the link rod chain conveyor, etc. should be used in a small field. However, it is only developed by digging the root vegetables mentioned above and releasing them to the field, and the dug root vegetables require a work process of picking them up separately. There was a problem in work efficiency such as doing. In addition, the front-rear length of the aircraft becomes long, and there are inconveniences when moving it by loading it on the bed of a small truck, when storing it in a warehouse, or when shortening the aircraft length when turning on a headland. It has been proposed by the applicant that the digging conveyor device can be folded into a stored state, but when the digging conveyor device was folded, it was necessary to configure its transmission system safely and functionally. . The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-propelled agricultural product harvester for harvesting agricultural products vegetated in a field, from the lower front part of the machine body to the upper central part of the machine body. Is provided with a digging conveyor device for carrying, and this digging conveyor device is provided with a digging blade on the front side of the digging conveyor, supports them by a frame, and pivots them so that they can be folded to the fuselage side. When the digging conveyor device is folded, the operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is in the "disengaged" state in conjunction with the folding operation, and when the digging conveyor device is rotated to the working state, It is characterized in that the operating clutch of the device is interlocked so as to be in the "engaged" state.

[0005]

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, when the digging conveyor device is folded, the operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is in the "disengaged" state in conjunction with the folding operation, and the digging conveyor device is put into the working state. When the digging conveyor device is folded, the operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is interlocked so that it is in the “engaged” state. Therefore, when the digging conveyor device is folded, the power to the digging conveyor device is cut off and safe. And does not damage the digging conveyor system. Also, it is possible to turn while reducing the headland area during the digging work. Furthermore, when the digging conveyor device is returned to the working state after the end of turning, the power to the digging conveyor device is automatically in the connected state, continuous work can be performed without performing the clutch operation, and there is no need to switch the clutch. Efficient work is done.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a potato harvester. The potato harvester 1 has a body 2 equipped with a crawler 3, an engine part 4 provided on one side of the body 2, and a fuel tank 4a is provided. The engine section 4 includes an engine, a generator driven by the engine, a hydraulic pump, and the like (not shown). On the other side of the fuselage 2 opposite to the engine unit 4, there is a control unit 5
Is provided, and a cockpit / working seat 6 is provided behind the steering unit 5. From the lower front of the fuselage 2 to the upper center of the fuselage, an excavating conveyor device 7 is provided, which excavates agricultural products and transports the agricultural products toward the rear.
The conveyor device 7 has a front end portion pivotally supported at a base end so as to be vertically movable.

In the excavating conveyor device 7, excavating blades 9 are attached to the end portions of left and right side frames (frames) 8, 8, and excavating conveyors 10 formed of link rods are provided between the side frames 8, 8.
The lower end of the inclined body is rotatable in the vertical direction about a rotating part 10a at the upper end of the inclined body, and the hydraulic cylinders 11, 11 provided between the body 2 and the side frames 8, 8 are operated to extend and retract. Dynamic adjustment, that is, adjustment of the digging depth, is performed, and the digging conveyor 10 can be folded to the fuselage side from the middle of the side frames 8, 8. The operation is performed by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). The digging conveyor 10 can adjust its moving speed steplessly or stepwise. The brackets 12, 12 projecting forward from the left and right side frames 8, 8 are provided with a ridge follower 13, which follows the machine body along the length of the ridge to be harvested.

The ridge follower 13 is provided with a pair of wheels 14, 14 which are in contact with the inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested, facing each other. It is supported so that it can be adjusted up and down and can be adjusted left and right by slide mechanisms 16 and 16. The pair of wheels 14, 14 have a camber angle and a toe-in. On the side frame 8 of the excavation conveyor device 7, a power connection / disconnection mechanism 17 is provided near the folding part.
Is provided. At the rear part of the fuselage behind the digging conveyor device 7, a flat belt-shaped sorting conveyor device 18 for carrying out the sorting operation while placing and transferring the harvested material is arranged, and the sorting conveyor device 18 is transferred. Sorting work can be performed on both sides in the direction.

The power connection / disconnection mechanism 17 has a wire mounting arm 17a fixed to the side of the side frame 8 to be folded, and one end of an interlocking wire 17b is connected to this arm 17a. The other end of the interlocking wire 17b is, as shown in FIG. 8, a belt clutch device 17 for connecting / disconnecting power to / from the digging conveyor device 7.
It is connected to the tension arm 17g of c. The belt clutch device 17c includes a belt 17f wound between a driving pulley 17d and a driven pulley 17e, and a return spring 1
A tension is applied through a tension arm 17g having 7h, and the tension arm 17g is located on the opposite side of the fulcrum from the interlocking wire 17b and has the other end connected to a clutch lever via a coil spring 17i. The other end of the lever wire 17j is connected. FIG. 8A shows the clutch lever in the “disengaged” state,
Shows the state in which the clutch lever is in the "on" state, and (c) shows the state in which the clutch lever is in the "on" state and the digging conveyor device 7 is folded.

The cockpit / working seat 6 is opposed to the control unit 5 and is located on the side of the sorting conveyor device 18. An operator seat 19 and a step 20 are provided, and a worker sitting on the cockpit / work seat 6 can perform both the manipulation work and the sorting work at the same position. A control section step 5a and a sorting step 21 are provided below the fuselage. The cockpit / work seat 6, the auxiliary worker seat 17, and the worker seat 19
Can be rotated on the spot, and height and slide can be adjusted. Steps 20 and 21
Is provided low above the portion of the crawler 3 having a low vertical height so as to easily climb from the ground, and can be displaced (folded) between a used state and a non-used state, and can be accommodated within the width of the machine body 2 at least when not in use. Is configured.

In the vicinity of the operator's seat 19, a traveling clutch lever provided on the control unit 5 and a digging conveyor 10 are provided.
The clutch lever 22 which can be operated in conjunction with the clutch lever of the aircraft is provided.
The traveling clutch and the excavating conveyor clutch can be operated. A rake-shaped sieve line 23 shown in FIGS. 2 and 17 is provided below the terminal end of the sorting conveyor device 18. In addition, behind the sorting conveyor device 18, a loading platform 24 for placing a container (for example, a container) for storing harvested agricultural products extends outward from the fuselage 2, and a storage status where the loading platform 24 is stored on the fuselage 2 side. It is provided so that it can be folded. This loading platform 24 is detachable from the body 2,
Further, it may be provided so as to be vertically adjustable.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 15 to 17, the cargo bed 24 is tilted (rotated) to a position projecting from the top surface of the cargo bed 24 and a position below the top surface of the cargo bed 24 on its outer peripheral portion. ) The left and right side frames 24a, 24a and the rear side frame 24b are provided which are capable of being held at their respective positions. The side springs 24a and 24b are turned up and down (rotated) between a position protruding from the upper surface of the loading platform 24 and a position below the upper surface of the loading platform 24, and the toggle spring 2 is held in each position.
5 are provided. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
Are provided with steering levers 26, 26, but instead of the steering levers 26, 26, a steering handle 27 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be provided.

The transmission 28 and the steering operation section 29 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The transmission 28
Receiving power from the engine 4 via the belt transmission system 4b,
A transmission gear 31 is mounted on an output shaft 30a of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) 30 that performs a continuously variable transmission, so that the speed can be changed between stepless and stepped, and a side clutch 32 is connected to a clutch operation arm 32a and a clutch operation rod. The crawler 32 is operated by the crawler drive shaft 32, and the power transmission to the crawler drive shafts 34, 34 is connected or cut off via the differential device 33, so that the crawler 3, 3 can change the speed steplessly and stepwise. A brake device 35 is provided in association with the differential device 33, and is operated by a brake operation arm 35a and a brake operation rod 35b.

In the steering operation section 29, a steering shaft 27a to which a steering handle 27 is connected is connected to a tight arm 36 via an operation gear 27b, and the tight arm 36 is connected to the clutch operation rod 32b. Cams 37, 37 are formed at the rear of the tight arm 36, and cam followers (rollers) 38, 38 which are selectively in contact with the cams 37, 37 when the steering handle 27 is turned to the left or right greatly are provided. The brake operation rod 35b is connected to the cam followers 38, 38. When the steering handle 27 is turned to the left or to the right, the side clutch 32, the differential mechanism 33, and the brake 35 are operated to turn the airframe in a super-spot.

Also, as described above, the excavating conveyor 10
The traveling speed can be adjusted between stepless and stepped, and the excavation work speed can be freely set by combining this with the stepless or stepped traveling of the crawlers 3. When the potato harvester 1 is not used, the digging conveyor device 7 rotates the digging conveyor device 7 as a whole, or, as shown in FIG. 7, folds the tip side portion at a substantially middle position in the longitudinal direction. It is possible to store it by turning it to the machine side, shortening the machine front-rear length and loading it on the cargo bed of a light truck for transportation, and storing it in a warehouse etc. It can be done in. As shown in FIG. 14, in the digging conveyor 10, a cylindrical body 10c made of an elastic body is rotatably fitted on at least the outer periphery of the carrying rod 10b.

As shown in FIG. 9, the sorting conveyor device 18 is divided into a delivery conveyor 18a and a sorting conveyor 18b, which are continuously provided so that the moving speed of the delivering conveyor 18a is faster than the moving speed of the sorting conveyor 18b. It may be configured. As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, the pilot seat / working seat 6 and the operator's seat 19 each have a pivotable backrest, so that the operator can use both the backrest and the seat-combining type. The pilot seat / working seat 6a and the operator seat 19a that can perform the sorting work in either the sitting state or the standing state may be configured. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a rotatable backrest and a seat / combined vertical seat / work seat 6b and a worker seat 19b may be used. Both types of seats are rotatable in place and height and slide adjustable.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a pillar mounting seat 39 is provided on the side of the machine body so that the angle and height can be adjusted, and the pillar of the parasol 40 is mounted on this mounting seat 39 for use as a cockpit work. The shades of the workers sitting on the seat 6, the auxiliary worker seat 17, and the worker seat 19 are provided. Further, a fan 41 may be attached to the pillar of the parasol 40 to operate by the electric power generated by the generator to send wind to the worker. In addition to the fan 41, household electric power such as radio may be used. The product is ready for use.

Next, the operation of the thigh harvester 1 configured as described above will be described. For example, when harvesting root vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, beets, taro, konjac potatoes, and short root ginseng from a field, the potato harvester 1 removes the wheels 14, 14 of the ridge following device 13 from the ridges to be harvested. Of the excavating conveyor device 7
Is adjusted up and down by hydraulic cylinders 11 to adjust the digging depth, and the crop is digged by the forward movement of the machine.
And lifts the machine obliquely upward while transporting it with the soil by the digging conveyor 10. During this transportation, soil falls from between the link rods, and the excavating conveyor 10
A worker sitting in the cockpit / working seat 6 and the worker's seat 19 sorts the crops discharged onto the sorting conveyor device 18 from the transport end of the container (container) (container) placed on the loading platform 24. ). The soil and contaminants remaining on the sorting conveyor 18 fall from the transport end to the field.

In front of the digging conveyor device 7, there is provided a ridge following device 13 for following the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the ridge to be harvested, and a pair of wheels rolling on both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested. 14 are provided so as to face each other and are supported so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable with respect to the digging conveyor device 7, so that both wheels 14 accurately follow the ridges to be harvested to automatically steer the machine body and dig it. Automatic digging / conveyance is performed by the take-up conveyor device 7. Therefore, the operator sitting on the cockpit / working seat 6 can spend most of the time on the sorting work except for the operation of steering the machine at the ridge end of the ridge to be harvested. Further, when the excavation conveyor device 7 is folded by the hydraulic cylinder when the headland is turned at the end of the field, the interlocking wire 17b of the power connecting / disconnecting mechanism 17 is pulled and the belt is moved as shown in (c) of FIG. The clutch device 17c is in the “disengaged” state, the drive of the digging conveyor 10 is stopped, and when the digging conveyor device 7 is returned to the working state by the hydraulic cylinder after the turning of the machine body, the belt clutch device 17c returns the interlocking wire 17b. Then, the state (b) is automatically established, and the digging conveyor 10 restarts driving.

Since the harvested products discharged onto the sorting conveyor device 18 are sorted on both sides of the sorting conveyor device 18 in the transfer direction, the harvested products excavated by the digging conveyor device 7 can be efficiently sorted. Since the moving speed of the digging conveyor 10 can be adjusted steplessly or stepwise, the moving speed of the digging conveyor 10 is appropriately selected according to the type of crop to be harvested, the amount of harvest, the state of the field, etc., and appropriate work is performed. You can do it. Since the sorting conveyor device 18 is in the form of a flat belt, it can handle many crops to be harvested, and the risk of sorting workers is small. When the sorting conveyor device 18 is divided into a delivery conveyor 18a and a sorting conveyor 18b,
The harvested product is delivered from the digging conveyor device 7 more smoothly. Of the contaminants, crops, and soil that fall from the transport end of the sorting conveyor device 18 onto the sieve line 23, the soil falls on the field first between the sieve lines 23, and then the harvest product falls on the soil. The harvested product will be easily exposed. Pilot and work seat 6 and operator seat 19
Since steps 20 and 21 are provided corresponding to the above, the sorting work can be performed in a stable posture.

The crawler traveling device 3 of the traveling body 2 is connected to a continuously variable transmission mechanism 30 and a brake 35 provided on the traveling body 2 side.
Differential mechanism 33 having a traveling mechanism 31
, It is possible to perform super turning, and in addition to folding and unfolding of the excavating conveyor 10, efficient harvesting can be performed even in a relatively small field. In addition, when the steering operation of the crawler traveling device 3 is performed by one steering handle 27, the steering operation is easier than when the steering operation is performed by the left and right steering levers, and the super turning operation can be easily performed. I can do it. Further, the harvesting device 7 is provided with a digging conveyor 10 at least at a rear portion of the digging blade 9 so that the rotation speed of the digging conveyor 10 can be adjusted steplessly and stepwise. Since it can be set freely, the rotation speed of the excavating conveyor 10 is adjusted according to the field conditions, the state of the agricultural products vegetated in the field, and the like, so that an appropriate harvesting operation is performed.

At the rear part of the machine body 2, a loading platform 24 for placing a container (container) for containing the harvested agricultural products is projected outside the machine body 2 and a storage state for accommodating it on the machine body 2 side. Since it is provided so that it can be folded,
With 4 in use, harvested agricultural products can be moved while being sorted and stored in containers. In addition, when the harvesting operation is not performed, the loading platform 24 is kept in the stored state, so that it does not become a hindrance when moving or storing the harvester. Furthermore, since the outer frames of the loading platform 24 are provided with side frames 24a and 24b which can be tilted between a position protruding from the loading platform upper surface and a position below the loading platform upper surface and held at the respective positions,
When the containers containing the harvested produce are loaded on the loading platform 24, the side frames 24a and 24b project from the upper surface of the loading platform 24 to prevent the containers from dropping, and the containers containing the harvested produce are placed on the carrier. When transferring to a carrier, etc., use side frame 2
By lowering the 4a, 24b to a position lower than the upper surface of the loading platform 24, the transfer operation can be easily performed.

A control device 5 and a seat 6 are provided on one side near the rear of the aircraft.
And step 21, the operator's seat 19 and step 20 are respectively provided on the opposite side of the control device 5, and the worker on the control device 5 side can perform both the control operation and the sorting operation. Since the in-place rotation is possible and the height and slide can be adjusted, the worker sitting on the seat 6 of the control device 5 can easily change the posture to the control operation and the sorting operation. Even a sitting worker can perform sorting work in an easy posture. Steps 20 and 21 can be displaced between a use state and a non-use state, and fit within the body width when not in use. Therefore, the steps 20 and 21 can be used to perform a stable sorting operation while the body is not in use. Move and store the aircraft within the width. Further, the traveling clutch and the digging conveyor clutch can be operated from either the left or right side of the fuselage by the control device 5 and the clutch lever 22,
In an emergency, both the left and right workers performing sorting work can run the aircraft and stop the digging conveyor,
Work can be resumed.

The digging conveyor device 7 is provided with a digging blade 9 in front of a digging conveyor 10, and is provided with a rotating unit 1 with respect to the body 2.
The digging blade 9 is freely rotatable about 0a, and the digging depth by the digging blade 9 and the transport angle of the digging conveyor 10 can be freely adjusted. When the digging conveyor device 7 is not in use, the tip side portion of the digging conveyor device is folded and stored on the machine side, and when not in use, the digging blade 9 and the digging conveyor 10 are stored in a retracted state. The length is shortened, and transport by a transport vehicle or the like is easily performed. Also, it does not take up space when storing in a warehouse or the like. In the digging conveyor 10, a cylindrical body 1 made of an elastic body at least on the outer periphery of the transport rod 10b.
Since 0c is rotatably fitted, while the harvested product excavated by the excavating blade 9 is transported by the excavation conveyor 10, the soil transported together with the harvested product is rotated by the elastic cylindrical body 10c. The soil that adheres to the outer circumference of the harvest also falls.

A generator driven by a prime mover (engine) is mounted on the machine body, and the electric power generated by the generator is used to operate the fan 41, the radio, etc. provided on the machine body. It is good and you can work comfortably. The aircraft was equipped with worker seats 6, 17, and 19, and the nearby aircraft was equipped with an umbrella mount that could adjust the angle and height, so the umbrellas prevented sunlight and protected workers from heat and sunburn. Improve working environment. Since the auxiliary worker seat 17 is detachably provided on the side of the excavating conveyor 10, auxiliary work may be performed depending on the condition of crops and fields, and may be removed when unnecessary. In addition, when the cockpit / work seat 6 and the worker seat 19 are configured as 6a, 19a, 6b, and 19b having a rotating backrest, the worker can be sorted in either a sitting state or a standing state. Work can be done.

Further, an engine unit 4 is provided on one side of the machine body 2, and a heavy load such as an engine, a generator driven by the engine, a hydraulic pump, and the like are mounted, and a seat for an operator is provided. On the other side of the fuselage 2 on the side opposite to 4, there is provided a control section 5 on which the operator rides and controls,
The right and left weight balance of the airframe is good, and when the left and right super-spindle rotation is performed, the soil in the field is not biased to one side and biased. The potato harvester 1 of the present invention is
In addition to the potato harvesting work, it can also be used for the work of collecting abandoned empty cans, empty bottles, wood chips, etc., for example, on the coast or dunes. In this case, the ridge following device 13 may be removed or the device may function as a device for adjusting the digging depth of the digging blade 9.

[0027]

As described above, according to the agricultural product harvester of the present invention, the digging conveyor device is pivotally supported so that it can be folded toward the machine body, and when the digging conveyor device is folded, it is interlocked with the folding operation. Then, when the operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is in the "disengaged" state and the digging conveyor device is rotated to the working state, the operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is interlocked so that it is in the "engaged" state. Therefore, when folding the digging conveyor device,
Power to the digging conveyor system is cut off and safe, and does not damage the digging conveyor system.
Further, during the excavation work, the headland area can be reduced and the swivel can be performed, which improves the work efficiency. Furthermore, when the digging conveyor device is returned to the working state after the turning is completed, the power to the digging conveyor device is automatically brought into the connected state, and continuous work can be performed. Therefore, the troublesome operation of the clutch during the turning operation is eliminated, the operability is good, and the work can be performed efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an entire potato harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the whole potato harvester.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the transmission.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory perspective view of a steering operation unit.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the entire potato harvester showing another embodiment of the handle portion.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the whole potato harvester, showing a folded state of the excavating conveyor device.

8A to 8C are side views of a power connecting / disconnecting mechanism of the digging conveyor device.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the whole potato harvester showing another embodiment of the sorting conveyor device.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of the entire potato harvester showing another embodiment of the seat of the sorting work unit.

FIG. 11 is a side view of the entire potato harvester showing another embodiment of the control unit.

12 (a) and 12 (b) are explanatory views of a seat of a sorting work unit.

13A and 13B are explanatory views of another embodiment of the seat of the sorting work unit.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view of a digging conveyor.

FIG. 15 is a side view of a cargo bed portion.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a state where the loading platform is folded.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of a state in which the side frame of the luggage carrier is tilted down and a sieve line.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Potato harvester 2 Aircraft body 3 Crawler 4 Engine part (engine, generator, hydraulic motor) 4
a fuel tank 4b belt transmission system 5 control section 5a control section step 6 control seat and working seat 7 excavation conveyor device 8 side frame (frame) 9 excavation blade 10 excavation conveyor 10a rotating section 10b transport rod 10c elasticity Cylindrical body 11 Hydraulic cylinder 12 Bracket 13 Ridge tracking device 14 Wheel 15 Vertical adjustment mechanism 16 Slide mechanism 17 Power connection / disconnection mechanism 17a Wire mounting arm 1
7b Interlocking wire 17c Belt clutch device 17
d Drive pulley 17e Driven pulley 17f Belt
17g Tension arm 17h Return spring 17i
Coil spring 17j Clutch lever wire 18 Sorting conveyor device 18a Delivery conveyor 1
8b Sorting Conveyor 19 Operator's Seat 20 Step 21 Sorting Step 22 Clutch Lever 23 Sieve Line 24 Bed 24a Left and Right Side Frame 24b Rear Side Frame 25 Toggle Spring 26 Steering Lever 27 Steering Handle 27a Steering Shaft 27b Operating Gear 28 Transmission 29 Control section 30 Hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) 30a Output shaft 31 Transmission gear 32 Side clutch 32a Clutch operating arm
32b Clutch operating rod 33 Differential device 34 Crawler drive shaft 35 Brake device 35a Brake operating arm 3
5b Brake operation rod 36 Tight arm 37 Cam 38 Cam follower 39 Post mounting seat 40 Parasol 41 Fan

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A self-propelled agricultural product harvesting machine for harvesting agricultural products vegetated in a field, which is provided with a digging conveyor device for digging and transporting agricultural products from the front of the lower part of the machine to the upper part of the center of the machine. The take-up conveyor device is provided with a digging blade on the front side of the digging conveyor, supports them by a frame, and pivots them so that they can be folded toward the machine body.When the digging conveyor device is folded, it is interlocked with its folding operation. The operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is in the "disengaged" state, and when the digging conveyor device is rotated to the working state, the operating clutch of the digging conveyor device is in the "engaged" state. Agricultural products harvesting machine characterized by doing.