JP2651711B2 - Bending equipment for small diameter metal pipes - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an apparatus for bending a small-diameter metal pipe at many points, and particularly to bending of each bending portion such as a fuel pipe and a brake pipe of an automobile. The present invention relates to a small-diameter metal pipe bending apparatus suitable for a case where directions are not on the same plane but different in a three-dimensional direction.

(Prior Art) As a conventional bending apparatus of this kind, as shown in FIG. 8, a receiving roll 21 is first moved by a cylinder 22 for one bending operation to come into contact with a metal tube 23, and then bent. A required number of unit bending devices for bending the metal tube 23 by moving the roll 24 by the cylinder 25 are arranged at a plurality of bending locations. 26,27
Indicates a base, 28 and 29 indicate stays, and 30 indicates a base.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the conventional bending apparatus, the receiving roll
21 and the bending roll 24 are moved by the cylinders 22 and 25, respectively, so that two operations are required for one bending operation.
Since the bending process is performed while the 22,25 piston rods extend together, if a pressurized fluid is supplied into a cylinder (generally an air cylinder) during the bending process, the bending moment applied to the piston rod increases, further bending The deflection due to the reaction force at the time of processing is a stay 28 that supports both cylinders 22, 25,
29 and the bases 26 and 27, so that a slight deviation (referred to as "breathing" among the traders) occurred between the receiving roll 21 and the bending roll 24, causing variations in products.
In addition, stays 28 and 29 and bases 26 and 27
Need to be thick and strong, thus making the device bulky and heavy (though this would still be confusing). In addition, cylinders 22, 25, receiving roll 21,
Considering the position and direction of the bending roll 24, it takes a long time to manufacture and assemble, adjust, etc. to design and arrange the entire device.
At the time of mass production start-up, there were problems that the apparatus could not be completed, the number of parts was large, and the number of movable parts was large, so that the manufacturing cost was extremely high and the durability was poor.

In particular, when the interval between the bending mechanism and the next bending mechanism is close to each other, the two mechanisms themselves partially interfere with each other, making it impossible to install, or setting using a complicated mechanism. There is a problem that when the metal tube is swung by bending the metal tube, the bending member interferes with the moving metal tube.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to firstly prevent the bending member from interfering when the metal pipe is swung and placed at the next fixed position during bending, and furthermore, the above-mentioned disorder (breathing) is avoided. Prevention and complete one bending operation in one operation to shorten the processing time, and easy to take out the metal pipe after the completion of the entire bending operation, small size, light weight, easy and inexpensive bending It is to provide a processing device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the bending apparatus for a small-diameter metal pipe according to the present invention, a bar or a pipe is connected to form a bent shape over the entire length of the metal pipe. A first fixed form formed into a conforming figure; a first surface provided on the fixed form and having a curvature smaller than a bending radius of the metal tube in a longitudinal direction and a width direction substantially perpendicular to a bending plane; A first bent portion having a guide surface, a second guide surface provided on the fixed formwork and substantially parallel to a bending plane;
At least one bent portion of a second bent portion including a guide member that is provided on the fixed formwork in a direction substantially perpendicular to the guide surface and has a curvature smaller than a bending radius of the metal tube; In the first bending portion, the first
Along the guide surface and in the second bent portion, the outer side of the fixed formwork by an actuator attached to the formwork via a bracket so that the metal tube is bent along the second guide surface and the guide member. The actuator is pivotally mounted on a bracket attached to the formwork, and the bending member interferes with the moving metal pipe during the bending process in the previous step. In this configuration, the actuator is rotated by a predetermined angle to avoid the bending member.

(Operation) The present invention uses a fixed formwork having a guide surface as described above, and a bracket formed on the formwork via a bracket so that the metal pipe can be bent along the guide surface or the guide surface and the guide member. Mounted actuators, such as air cylinders,
Bending is performed by a bending member that moves from the outside of the guide by a rotary actuator or the like. That is, since the actuator for operating the bending member is connected to the fixed formwork via the bracket by welding or the like, bending of the stay or the like can be prevented, and preferably, the piston rod of the air cylinder is pushed as in the related art. Extended)
By performing in a pulling state instead of performing bending, almost no bending moment is applied to the piston rod etc. at the end of each bending process, and the influence of backlash of the piston rod bushing is minimized, and therefore, Prevent the occurrence of subtle irregularities (breathing) between them.

In addition, when the metal tube is swung during the bending process in the previous process, the bending member interferes with the movement operation of the metal tube, that is,
When a bending member for the subsequent bending process is present on the bending plane, an actuator for moving the bending member is rotated through a bracket by a predetermined angle to avoid the bending member from the interference, and the Since the return is made after the bending operation is completed, the processing operation is continued without any trouble, and the removal of the metal tube after the completion of all the steps is facilitated. Also,
Since only one operation is required for one bending process, the time is reduced, and the formwork is easily made by welding or the like. Further, since the bending member (including the actuator) is arranged toward the formwork, the device is also small. And lighter weight.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed mold, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. The figure is an enlarged view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are FIGS. CC and C'-C ', respectively.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a front view illustrating the operation of the present invention, and FIG. (B) (a) to (f) are plan views corresponding to FIG. 7 (a). As shown in the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a first surface which substantially conforms to the bending shape over the entire length of the metal tube 2 and has a surface in the width direction substantially perpendicular to the bending plane in the vicinity of the bending portion, preferably within a bending angle range. A bar (see FIGS. 2 to 6) or a pipe (not shown) having a guide surface 1 'and a second guide surface 1 "comprising a surface substantially parallel to the bending plane is connected by welding 6. Is a fixed form of a long material that is continuous and has a flat portion in the cross-sectional contour, and is preferably formed in a substantially rectangular cross-section, but the cross-sectional shape of the second guide surface 1 "is not limited to this. The second guide surface 1 ″ may be a surface formed by a tangent to an outer peripheral surface of the metal tube 2 extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to a guide member 3 described later. The required position of the formwork 1 to be bent is smaller than the bending radius of the metal pipe 2. Had had curvature, and the guide member 3 is provided which is erected by welding or the like to the first guide surface 1 'and the second guide surface 1 "a substantially perpendicular direction. The curvatures and shapes of the first guide surface 1 ′, the second guide surface 1 ″, the guide member 3 and the mold 1 are determined in consideration of the springback of the metal tube 2 during bending. The member 3 may be formed in a plate shape as shown in Fig. 5 (a) or may be formed in a block shape as shown in Fig. 5 (b). 4 fixed on the base (not shown),
In the present invention, unlike the conventional example, the base is not necessarily required if the columns 4 are connected to each other. 5 is the first metal tube 2
Guide surface 1 'or second guide surface 1 "and guide member 3
As shown in FIG. 3, a bending member 5 for bending on the first guide surface 1 'is arranged so as to be able to move toward the fixed form 1 while being pressed along the outer periphery. The surface is arranged so as to face the first guide surface 1 ', and as shown in FIG. 4, the bending direction of the second guide surface 1 "and the bending member 5 for bending the guide member 3 is in the direction of movement. The two guide surfaces 1 "are arranged so as to be substantially parallel or slightly inclined. In addition, 5 'in FIG. 2 shows a bending member showing a position before processing. The bending member 5 is attached to a lever 7 (for example, an L lever is shown in the figure) which is moved by an actuator attached to the mold 1 via a bracket 10. The metal tube may interfere with the bending member during movement (during swinging) during the bending process in the previous process. In the present invention, the bending member 5 is avoided from the interference by the following configuration. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, one end of a lever 7 for moving the bending member 5 is further provided with a frame 8
One end of the frame 8 is pivotally connected. The other end of the frame 8 has a forked metal fitting 8a. A holding tool 9 is integrally attached to the center of the frame 8, and the holding tool 9 and the mold The bracket 10 fixed to 1 is supported by a support shaft 11, and both ends of the frame 8 are rotatably mounted up and down by a predetermined angle by air cylinders (not shown). It can be displaced by a constant angle. Also lever 7
The other end of the actuator is an actuator 12 (the figure shows an air cylinder)
Arm 13a, which is pivotally attached to the piston rod 12b and is directly connected to the flange 13 of the cylinder 12a, is inserted into the bifurcated receiving member 8a of the frame 8 and is supported by the support shaft 14, thereby expanding and contracting the piston rod 12b. The operation causes the actuator 12 itself to swing right and left in accordance with the bending state of the bending member 5.

As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the bending member 5 usually has a support shaft 11 as an axis so that the metal tube 2 does not move and interfere with the bending member 5 by the bending process in the previous step. I)
(Displaced downward). Next, when the metal tube 2 comes into contact with the bent portion of the fixed formwork 1 by the bending process in the previous step, the metal tube 2 moves upward as shown in (b) and comes to the position of (c).
Next, the piston rod 12b contracts and enters a state (bending state) from (c) to (d) to perform bending. In this case, an actuator 12 mounted on the mold 1 is bent via a support shaft 14 so that the bending member 5 can bend the metal tube 2 along the first guide surface 1 ′ or the second guide surface 1 ″ and the guide 3. (B)
It swings to the left as shown in FIG. When the bending process is completed, the bending member 5 returns to the position (e). At this time, the actuator 12 swings rightward as shown in (e) of FIG. Thereafter, the bending member shifts downward, and waits for bending of the next metal tube at the position (f).

By keeping the bending member in the state of (d) until all the bending operations are completed, the bending member functions as a pressing or positioning means in the next bending operation, so that the bending accuracy can be improved. .

Next, the bending process of the metal tube 2 is performed by first forming the straight metal tube 2.
One end is fixed to a fixing member 15 attached to one end of the fixed formwork 1 by using an end fitting 16 as shown in FIG. The position is fixed by a clamp device (not shown) or the like. Then
In the former, the metal pipe 2 is moved forward or in an arc toward the mold 1 while the metal tube 2 is moved forward from the fixed end toward the free end, and in the latter, from the fixed portion toward both free ends. The first guide surface 1 ′ or the second guide surface 1 ″ is pressed along the guide member 3 to perform bending. The apparatus of the present invention is applicable not only to bending of a metal pipe but also of a rod. Although an air cylinder was used for the actuator in the figure, a rotary actuator (not shown)
May be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the fixed mold 1 and the metal pipe 2 are bent along the guide 3 and the guide surface 1 'or the second guide surface 1 ". The bending process is performed by a bending member 5 which moves from outside of the guide 3 by an actuator 12 attached directly to or via a support 4 or a bracket.
Is actuated to the fixed formwork 1 to prevent bending due to stays or the like, and preferably, the bending member 5 is operated by pulling the piston rod by the actuator 12 so that the pushing as in the prior art is performed. It is possible to minimize the influence of the backlash of the piston rod bush in the state, that is, the extended state, and to hardly apply a bending moment. Therefore, a subtle deviation occurring between the bending member 5 and the guide 3 (breathing)
The product having a bent shape with high precision can be obtained by preventing occurrence of cracks.

Further, even if the bending device approaches and the bending member 5 interferes with the bending path of the metal pipe 2, the bending member is shifted in advance and returned to a fixed position at the time of processing, so that bending processing is performed. The metal pipe can be easily taken out because the bending member has been displaced after the bending process is continued without any trouble. In addition, after cutting and bending a commercially available square bar or the like to a required length, it is continuously welded so as to substantially match the bending shape over the entire length of the metal tube, and further, the plate-shaped guide 3 is placed at a predetermined position. Since the entire bending apparatus can be configured only by standing up to form the mold 1 and arranging the bending member 5 (including the actuator 12) so as to operate toward the mold, the number of parts is smaller than that of the conventional example. The number of points can be greatly reduced, miniaturization and weight reduction can be achieved, manufacturing costs can be greatly reduced, and since it can be manufactured in an extremely short time, it can be reliably operated at the start of mass production. It has a very large effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing one embodiment of a bending apparatus for a thin metal pipe of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed formwork, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along CC and C′-C ′ in FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 (a).
(A) to (f) are front views for explaining the operation of the present invention, FIGS. 7 (b) and (a) to (f) are plan views corresponding to FIG. 7 (a), and FIG. It is a perspective view showing a bending device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fixed formwork, 1 ', 1 "... Guide surface, 2 ... Metal pipe, 3 ... Guide member, 4 ... Prop, 5 ... Bending member,
6 ... welding, 7 ... lever, 8 ... frame, 8a ... bracket, 9 ... holder, 10 ... bracket, 11 ... support shaft,
12 ... Actuator, 12a ... Cylinder, 12b ... Piston rod, 13 ... Flange, 13a ... Arm, 14 ... Support shaft, 21
…… Receiving roll, 22,25 …… Cylinder, 23 …… Metal tube, 2
4 …… Bending roll, 20 …… Base

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fixed form formed by connecting rods or pipes to a shape substantially conforming to a bent shape over the entire length of a metal pipe; and a metal pipe provided on the fixed form and extending in a longitudinal direction. A first bending portion having a first guide surface having a curvature smaller than a bending radius of the first guide surface and having a width direction substantially orthogonal to the bending plane; and a surface provided on the fixed formwork and substantially parallel to the bending plane. And a second bent portion comprising a second guide surface comprising: a guide member having a curvature smaller than a bending radius of the metal tube, the guide member being provided on the fixed formwork in a direction substantially perpendicular to the second guide surface. At least one bent portion; and a metal tube along the first guide surface in the first bent portion and along the second guide surface and the guide member in the second bent portion. Bracket on formwork so that it can be bent A bending member which is moved from the outside of the fixed formwork toward the fixed formwork by an actuator mounted via the actuator, the actuator being pivotally mounted on a bracket mounted on the formwork, If it interferes with the moving metal tube during bending of
An apparatus for bending a small-diameter metal tube in which an actuator is rotated by a fixed angle via a bracket to avoid a bending member.