JP2651716B2 - Bending equipment for small diameter metal pipes - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an apparatus for bending a small-diameter metal tube at a large number of places,
In particular, the present invention relates to a bending apparatus for a small-diameter metal pipe suitable for a case where bending directions of respective bending portions are not on the same plane but different in a three-dimensional direction, such as a fuel pipe and a brake pipe of an automobile.

(Prior Art) As a conventional bending apparatus of this type, as shown in FIG.
A unit bending device, which is moved by 22 and comes into contact with the metal tube 23, and then the bending roll 24 is moved by the cylinder 25 to bend the metal tube 23, is arranged in a required number at a plurality of bending locations. Met. 26 and 27 are bases, 28 and 29 are stays, and 30 is a base.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the conventional bending apparatus, the receiving roll
21 and the bending roll 24 are moved by the cylinders 22 and 25, respectively, so that two operations are required for one bending operation.
Since the bending process is performed with the 22,25 piston rods extending together, if a pressurized fluid is supplied into the cylinder (generally an air cylinder) during the bending process, the bending moment applied to the piston rod increases, further bending Stay 2 that supports both cylinders 22 and 25 due to the reaction force during processing
8,29, and bases 26,27, thus receiving roll 21
And a slight deviation (called "breathing" among traders) between the and the bending roll 24, causing variations in products. In addition, stays 28 and 29 and base 2
It was necessary to make 6,27 thick and strong, thus making the equipment large and heavy (and, at best, out of order). Cylinders 22 and 25, receiving roll 2
1.Because the whole device is designed and arranged in consideration of the position and direction of the bending roll 24, it takes a long time for manufacturing such as assembling and adjustment, and the device does not meet the time at the start of mass production, and the number of parts is large, Therefore, there are problems that the manufacturing cost is extremely high due to many movable parts and the durability is poor.

In particular, when the interval between the bending mechanism and the next bending mechanism is close to each other, the two mechanisms themselves partially interfere with each other, making it impossible to install, or setting using a complicated mechanism. There is a problem that when the metal tube is swung by bending the metal tube, the moving metal tube interferes with the bending member.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to firstly prevent the metal tube from interfering with the curved member when the metal tube is swung and placed at the next fixed position at the time of bending processing, and furthermore, the above-mentioned irregularity (breathing). And one bending operation is completed in one operation to shorten the processing time, and it is easy to take out the metal tube after the completion of the entire bending operation, and it is easy to manufacture with small size and light weight. It is to provide an inexpensive bending apparatus.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the bending apparatus for a small-diameter metal pipe according to the present invention, a bar or a pipe is connected to form a bent shape over the entire length of the metal pipe. A fixed formwork formed in a conforming shape; a surface provided on the fixed formwork, having a curvature smaller than a bending radius of the metal tube in a longitudinal direction, and a surface substantially orthogonal to a bending plane in a width direction. A first bent portion having one guide surface, a second guide surface provided on the fixed formwork and comprising a surface substantially parallel to a bending plane and the fixed formwork in a direction substantially perpendicular to the second guide surface. At least one bent portion of a second bent portion provided with a guide member which is erected and has a curvature smaller than a bending radius of the metal tube; and wherein the first guide is provided in the first bent portion. Along the surface and the second bending portion And a bending member that moves toward the fixed frame from outside of the fixed frame by an actuator attached to the frame via a bracket such that the metal tube is bent along the second guide surface and the guide member, respectively. When the bending member interferes with the moving metal tube during the bending process in the previous step, the actuator is arranged side by side at a fixed interval to the curved plane of the form via the bracket, and is attached to the actuator. The bending member is made expandable and contractable by a separately provided cylinder, and is usually retracted to avoid interference with the metal tube.

(Operation) The present invention provides a fixed formwork having a guide surface as described above, and a metal tube attached to the formwork via a bracket so that the metal tube can be bent along the guide surface or the guide surface and the guide member. Actuator, such as an air cylinder,
Bending is performed by a bending member that moves from the outside of the guide by a rotary actuator or the like. That is, since the actuator for operating the bending member is connected to the fixed formwork via the bracket by welding or the like, bending of the stay or the like can be prevented, and preferably, the piston rod of the air cylinder is pushed as in the related art. Extended)
By performing the bending in a pulling state instead of bending, the bending moment is hardly applied to the piston rod etc. at the end of each bending process, and the influence of the backlash of the piston rod bush is minimized, so that the bending member and Prevent the occurrence of subtle madness (breathing) in between.

In addition, when the metal tube is swung during the bending process in the previous process and interferes with the bending member during the movement operation of the metal tube, that is, when the bending member exists on the bending plane in the previous process, the bracket is used. As a result, the bending member can be avoided from interference since it is retracted in advance by a cylinder separately provided at the tip of the actuator which is juxtaposed at a fixed interval with respect to the bending plane of the formwork. At the time of the bending process, the bending member can be protruded to the bending plane by the cylinder, so that the processing operation can be continued without any trouble, and after the bending process of the metal pipe is completed, the bending member is returned, so that at the end of the previous process It is easy to take out the metal tube. Also, the mold is easily made by welding or the like, and furthermore, since the bending member (including the actuator) is arranged toward the mold, the apparatus can be reduced in size and weight.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed mold, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are CC and C'- in FIG. 2, respectively.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 2, FIG. 7 (a) (a) to (f) are front views illustrating the operation of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 (b) is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 7 (a).

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, reference numeral 1 substantially matches the bending shape of the metal tube 2 over its entire length, and the width direction substantially corresponds to the bending plane near the bending member 5, preferably within a bending angle range. A bar or tube (not shown) having a first guide surface 1 'made of a surface orthogonal to the surface and a second guide surface 1 "made of a surface substantially parallel to the bending plane is connected by welding 6 to be continuous. Is a fixed frame of long material, having a flat portion in the cross-sectional profile, and preferably formed in a substantially quadrangular cross-section, but the cross-sectional shape of the second guide surface 1 "is not limited to this and is circular. In this case, the second guide surface 1 "means a surface formed by a tangent to the outer peripheral surface of the metal tube 2 extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to a guide member 3 described later.
A required position of the mold 1 to be bent of the metal tube 2 is welded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first guide 1 ′ and the second guide 1 ″ having a curvature smaller than the bending radius of the metal tube 2. The first guide surface 1 ′, the second guide surface 1 ″, the guide member 3, the form 1, and the like have curvatures and shapes that are the same as those of the metal pipe during bending. 2 is determined in consideration of springback. The guide member 3 may be formed in a plate shape as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, it may be formed in a block shape as shown in FIG. The formwork 1 is fixed on a base (not shown) by a required number of supports 4, but in the present invention, unlike the conventional example, the base is not necessarily required if the supports 4 are connected to each other. Reference numeral 5 denotes a bending member arranged so as to be able to move toward the fixed form 1 while pressing the metal tube 2 against the first guide surface 1 ′ or the second guide surface 1 ″ along the guide member 3.
As shown in FIG. 3, the bending member 5 for bending on the guide surface 1 'is arranged so that its outer peripheral surface is opposed to the first guide surface 1', and as shown in FIG. The bending member 5 for bending in the second guide surface 1 "and the guide member 3 is arranged so that the moving direction thereof is substantially parallel to the second guide surface 1" or slightly inclined. In addition, 5 'in FIG. 2 shows a bending member showing a position before processing. Also, the bending member 5 is attached to the tip of a piston rod 8b of an actuator (air cylinder 8a in the figure) 8 attached to the mold 1 via a bracket 7 as shown in FIG. 1, for example, via a scale 8c. Of course, it may be attached from the piston rod 8b via a lever (not shown). However, the metal pipe 2 may interfere with the bending member 5 in the next process during the movement (during swinging) during the bending process in the previous process. In the present invention, the bending member 5 is avoided from the interference by the following configuration. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the bending member 5 is attached not to the piston rod 8b but directly to the tip of the piston rod 9a via a separately provided cylinder 9. Then, the flange 10 of the air cylinder 8a is fixed to the bracket 7 attached to the fixed mold 1. In this case, the bending member 5 usually retracted by the cylinder 9 is used.
Does not hinder the movement of the metal tube 2.
That is, the air cylinder 8a is disposed at a fixed interval with respect to the bending plane of the fixed mold 1. At the time of bending, the bending member 5 is made to protrude by the cylinder 9, and the bending member 5 is bent along the form 1 to a predetermined position by the compression operation of the piston rod 8b.

 Next, the operation of the bending apparatus of the present invention will be described.

First, the bending process of the entire metal tube 2 is performed by using a straight metal tube 2.
One end is fixed to a fixing member 11 attached to one end of the fixed formwork 1 as shown in FIG. 2 using an end fitting 12, or a fixed portion of an intermediate portion is dimensioned by a stopper or the like. The position is fixed by a clamp device (not shown) or the like. Next, in the former, the metal tube 2 is formed while moving the bending member 5 forward or in the direction of an arc toward the formwork 1 sequentially from the fixed end toward the free end, and in the latter, from the fixed portion toward both free ends. The first guide surface 1 'or the second guide surface 1 "of the frame 1 and the guide member 3
And press it along to make the bending process.

Next, when the metal tube 2 is swung and interferes with the bending member 5 at the time of the bending process in the previous step, the bending member 5 usually has the metal tube 2 as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). The metal pipe 2 is moved by the bending in the process and is retracted by the cylinder 9 so as not to interfere with the bending member 5 (a). When it comes into contact with the part as shown in (b), the cylinder 9 operates to extend the piston rod 9a and protrude to a fixed position as shown in (c). Next, the piston rod 8b contracts and enters a state (bending state) from (c) to (d) and performs bending. In this case, the bending member 5 bends the metal tube 2 along the first guide surface 1 'or the second guide surface 1 "and the guide 3. The cylinder 8a attached to the mold 1 is formed by a flange.
The cylinder 8a may be pivoted between the bracket 10 and the bracket 7 to swing. Thereafter, the bending member 5 extends the piston rod 8b to the state of (e), then contracts the piston rod 9a to be displaced downward, and takes out the bent metal tube at the position of (f) and takes out the next metal pipe. Wait for bending of metal tube.

By maintaining the bending member 5 in the state (d) until all the bending operations are completed, the bending member functions as a pressing or positioning means in the next bending operation, so that the bending accuracy is improved. Can be.

In addition, the apparatus of the present invention can be used not only for bending a metal pipe but also for a rod material. In the drawing, an air cylinder is used as an actuator, but a rotary actuator (not shown) may be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the fixed mold 1 and the metal pipe 2 are bent along the guide 3 and the guide surface 1 'or the second guide surface 1 ". 1 a bending member 5 which is moved from outside the guide 3 by an actuator 8 mounted directly or via a support 4 or a bracket.
Bending process is performed. That is, since the actuator 8 for operating the bending member 5 is connected to the fixed form 1, the bending by the stay or the like is prevented, and preferably, the bending member 5 is operated by pulling the piston rod by the actuator 8. It is possible to minimize the influence of the backlash of the piston rod bush due to the pushed state, that is, the extended state, and to hardly apply a bending moment as in the related art. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of subtle irregularities (breathing) occurring between the bending member 5 and the guide 3, and to obtain a product having a highly accurate bent shape.

Further, even if the bending path of the metal pipe 2 may interfere with the bending member 5, the bending member is retracted in advance and is projected to a fixed position during processing. The metal tube can be easily removed because the bending process is continued without any trouble and the bending member is retracted after the bending process is completed. In addition, after cutting and bending a commercially available rectangular piece or the like to a required length, the metal piece is continuously welded so as to substantially conform to the bending shape over the entire length of the metal pipe, and the plate-shaped guide 3 is further positioned at a predetermined position. Since the entire bending apparatus can be configured only by standing up to form the mold 1 and arranging the bending member 5 (including the actuator 8) so as to operate toward the mold, parts compared to the conventional example can be obtained. The number of points can be greatly reduced, miniaturization and weight reduction can be achieved, manufacturing costs can be greatly reduced, and since it can be manufactured in an extremely short time, it can be reliably operated at the start of mass production. It has a very large effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing one embodiment of a bending apparatus for a thin metal pipe of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed formwork, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are C- lines of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a cross section taken along the line C-C'-C 'of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a cross section taken along the line DD of FIG. 2, and FIGS.
(F) is a front view illustrating the operation of the present invention, FIG. 7 (b).
Is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 7 (a), and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional bending apparatus. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fixed formwork, 1 ', 1 "... Guide surface, 2 ... Metal pipe, 3 ... Guide member, 4 ... Prop, 5 ... Bending member,
6 ... welding, 7 ... bracket, 8 ... actuator, 8a ... cylinder, 8b ... piston rod, 8c ... scale, 9 ... cylinder, 10 ... flange, 21 ... receiving roll, 22, 25 …… Cylinder, 23… Metal tube, 24… Bending roll, 20… Base

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fixed formwork which is formed by connecting rods or pipes to a shape substantially conforming to a bent shape over the entire length of a metal pipe; and a fixed formwork provided on the fixed formwork and having a longitudinal direction of metal. A first guide surface having a curvature smaller than the bending radius of the pipe and having a first guide surface formed in a width direction substantially perpendicular to a bending plane;
A bent portion, a second guide surface provided on the fixed frame and substantially parallel to a bending plane, and a metal tube which is erected on the fixed mold frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to the second guide surface. At least one bending portion of a second bending portion including a guide member having a curvature smaller than a bending radius; and in the first bending portion, along the first guide surface and the second bending portion. In the bending portion, the actuator is attached to the mold via a bracket so as to bend the metal tube along the second guide surface and the guide member, respectively, and moves toward the fixed frame from outside the fixed mold. When the bending member interferes with the moving metal pipe during the bending process in the previous process, the actuator is juxtaposed at a fixed interval to the curved plane of the form via the bracket. Tighten, and a telescopic by separately provided cylinder attached Curved member to the actuator,
A small-diameter metal tube bending device that is normally retracted to avoid interference with the metal tube.