JP2651657B2 - Air conditioning control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention is used for vehicles and the like,
The present invention relates to an air-conditioning control device that automatically controls a temperature of a room to be air-conditioned so that a person in the space feels comfortable.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As this type of air-conditioning control apparatus for performing automatic control, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-215394 is known.

[0003] In these systems, not only the temperature control is performed so that the room temperature is set, but also the room temperature, humidity,
The radiation temperature, the air flow velocity, the activity amount indicating the condition on the human body side, and the amount of clothing affect the thermal sensation of the human being, and thus the PMV is used as an index indicating comfort by these factors.
(Average predicted thermal sensation) is calculated, and the flow rate and direction of the blown air are determined so that the PMV reaches the comfortable area, so that it can respond to various environmental conditions and human body conditions.

[0004]

However, some conventional air conditioners have at most only room temperature sensors and humidity sensors as sensors for indicating environmental conditions, and do not have radiation temperature sensors and air flow rate sensors. General. For this reason, the air conditioner has to be largely changed from the hardware side, and there is a disadvantage that the cost is increased due to the design change and the addition of a new sensor.

Therefore, in the present invention, the air conditioning control of the air-conditioned room can be automatically performed only by changing the software surface by using a temperature index in consideration of the thermal sensation element in the configuration of the conventional sensor. It is an object to provide a device.

[0006]

When considering the thermal sensation element without using a radiation sensor or an air flow rate sensor, the present applicant uses the existing sensor or operation amount to determine the amount of clothing, radiation temperature, air temperature, and the like.
Estimate the flow velocity and calculate the target room temperature using these estimated quantities
And, the target on the basis of room temperature to calculate a correction amount setting room temperature, if adding the correction amount to the set section of the room temperature of the total signal thereafter, the air-conditioning control reflecting the elements affecting the thermal sensation And head, abdomen and legs
Due to differences in thermal sensation in the part, differences in blowing mode and outside temperature
If the difference in thermal sensation can be reflected in air conditioning control,
Air conditioning system with higher accuracy than before without changing the hardware configuration
In view of the fact that the present invention can be controlled, the present invention has been completed.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the air-conditioning control device according to the present invention comprises a temperature setting device 41 for setting the room temperature of the room to be air-conditioned, a room temperature sensor 31 for detecting the room temperature of the room to be air-conditioned, An outside air temperature sensor 32 for detecting an outside air temperature,
A radiation temperature estimating means 100 for estimating the radiation temperature based on the outside air temperature and the room temperature ;
A clothing amount estimating means 200 for estimating the clothing amount of each of the head and the foot, and a blower voltage which changes according to the outside air temperature.
The air velocity that blows out to each of the head, abdomen, and feet
Air flow velocity estimating means 300 for estimating according to the blowing mode ;
Estimated energy in each of the head, abdomen, and feet
The flow velocity and the amount of clothes are estimated by the radiation temperature estimating means 100.
Weighted radiation temperature and
Target room temperature calculating means 400 for calculating the target room temperature in accordance with the blowing mode and the outside air temperature, correction amount calculating means 500 for calculating a correction amount of the set room temperature from the target room temperature, and setting corrected by the correction amount Comprehensive signal calculation means 60 for calculating a reference signal used for controlling each air conditioner as a total signal based on at least the room temperature, the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 31 and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 32.
0 (claim 1).

The air conditioning control device may further include a solar radiation sensor for detecting the amount of solar radiation, and may further consider the amount of solar radiation when calculating the total signal. Also,
Means for estimating the air flow velocity are head, abdomen,
The wind speed of the foot may be estimated, or may be estimated by adding factors such as the position of the intake door, the position of the mix door, and the vehicle speed.

Further, when the target room temperature is determined in relation to the blowing mode or the outside air temperature, the target temperature is calculated based on the calculation formula in the foot mode when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the first predetermined temperature. When the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a second predetermined temperature that is higher than the first predetermined temperature, the outside air temperature is calculated based on a calculation formula in the vent mode, and the outside air temperature is calculated based on the first predetermined temperature and the second predetermined temperature. Calculation in foot mode if
The target room temperature calculated based on the formula and the performance in vent mode
A configuration is conceivable in which the value is set to a value between the target room temperature calculated based on the formula (claim 2).

[0010]

Therefore, according to the present invention, the radiant temperature and the air velocity are not detected by using the sensor, but the radiant temperature is estimated based on the outside air temperature and the room temperature, and the blower voltage which is the operation amount of the blower is used. Based on the head, abdomen, feet of it
The air flow velocity blown to each is estimated according to the blowout mode . Also, based on the outside temperature,
The amount of clothing is estimated, and the estimated radiation temperature and air
A target room temperature is calculated from the flow velocity and the amount of clothing, a correction amount of the set room temperature is calculated from the target room temperature, and the correction amount is added to the set room temperature to calculate a total signal. This target room temperature, head
Estimated air velocities in the head, abdomen, and feet
And the amount of clothing, and the radiation temperature estimated by the radiation temperature estimation means.
Weighting each degree and blowing mode and outside air
Ru is calculated as a value corresponding to the temperature Prefecture. Therefore, with a conventional hardware configuration that does not include a radiation sensor or an air flow rate sensor, it is possible to perform temperature control in accordance with the thermal sensation of how a person in an air-conditioned room actually feels.

[0011] In particular, if the apparatus according to the present invention is configured assuming that the apparatus is used for a vehicle, when the outside air temperature is low, the target room temperature required in the foot mode is the radiation temperature, the air flow velocity, and the clothing. When the outside air temperature is high, the target room temperature required in the vent mode is also obtained from the radiation temperature, air flow velocity, and the amount of clothing, and when it is an intermediate outside air temperature, an intermediate target room temperature is obtained. . That is, in addition to the radiation temperature, the air flow velocity, and the amount of clothing, the amount of correction can be varied depending on the relationship between the outside air temperature and the blowing mode, and the comfort can be improved.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case is shown in which the air conditioning of the vehicle interior is controlled by a vehicle air conditioner mounted on the vehicle.

In FIG. 2, the air conditioner for a vehicle is provided with an intake door switching device 2 at the most upstream side of the air conditioning duct 1, and the intake door switching device 2 is divided into an inside air inlet 3 and an outside air inlet 4. An inside / outside air switching door 5 is disposed at the portion where the air is introduced. The inside / outside air switching door 5 is operated by an actuator 6 to select air to be introduced into the air conditioning duct 1 as inside air and outside air, and a desired suction mode is provided. Is obtained.

The blower 7 sucks air into the air-conditioning duct 1 and blows the air downstream. An evaporator 8 is disposed behind the blower 7. The evaporator 8 is connected to a compressor 9, a condenser 10, a receiver tank 11, and an expansion valve 12 in a piping manner to form a cooling cycle.
Is connected to an engine 13 of the vehicle via an electromagnetic clutch 14 and operates by intermittently operating the electromagnetic clutch 14.
Stop control is performed.

The high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 9 radiates heat when passing through the condenser 10 and is condensed. The refrigerant is adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve 12 to become a mist-like refrigerant. The mist-like refrigerant absorbs heat when passing through the evaporator 8 and evaporates and evaporates. By repeating the heat absorbing action of the evaporator 8 and the heat dissipating action of the capacitor 10, the evaporator 8
The air passing through is cooled.

A heater core 15 is disposed behind the evaporator 8, and an air mixing door 16 is provided upstream of the heater core 15. By adjusting the actuator 17, the ratio of the air passing through the heater core 15 and the air bypassing the heater core 15 is changed, whereby the temperature of the blown air is controlled.

When the air mix door 16 is opened at 0%, the proportion of air bypassing the heater core 15 is maximized (the proportion of air passing through the heater core is minimum, or there is no air passing through the heater core). At a degree of 100%, the proportion of air passing through the heater core 15 becomes maximum (the proportion of air bypassing the heater core is minimum, or there is no bypass air).

A downstream side of the air-conditioning duct 1 is provided with a defrost blow-out port 18 (in the drawing, it is opened in the horizontal direction for convenience, but is actually provided facing the windshield), and a vent blow-off port. The passenger compartment 2 is provided through an exit 19 (opened so as to face the upper body of the occupant) and a heat outlet 20 (opened so as to face the lower body of the occupant).
The opening mode is changed by controlling the opening and closing of the mode doors 22 and 23 provided at the divided portions of the outlets 18 to 20 by the actuator 24.

The various doors 5, 16, 22, 2
3. The electromagnetic clutch 14 of the compressor 9 and the motor 7a of the blower 7 are controlled based on an output signal from the control unit 25. This control unit 25
Is a drive circuit 26 for driving and controlling the actuators 6, 17, 24, the electromagnetic clutch 14, and the motor 7a of the blower.
a to 26e, a microcomputer 27 for controlling the driving circuits 26a to 26e, an A / D converter 28 and a multiplexer (MPX) 29 for inputting signals to the microcomputer 27, and a display unit 4 of an operation panel 35 described later.
The microcomputer 27 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a ROM, a RAM, and the like. A multiplexer (MPX) 29 receives a signal from a room temperature sensor 31 for detecting a vehicle interior temperature, a signal from an outside temperature sensor 32 for detecting an outside air temperature, a signal from a solar irradiation sensor 33 for detecting a solar radiation amount, and the like. You.

The microcomputer 27 receives a signal from an operation panel 35 for outputting a control command according to the operation of the occupant. The operation panel 35 includes an AUTO switch 36 for instructing automatic control of each air conditioner such as various doors, an electromagnetic clutch, and a blower, and a REC switch for manually setting an intake mode to an inside air circulation mode (REC) or an outside air introduction mode (FRESH). 37, an A / C switch 38 for individually instructing the operation of the cooling cycle, an OFF switch 39 for outputting a command to turn off each air conditioner, a DEF switch 40 for forcibly setting the blowing mode to the defrost mode, The temperature setting device 41 has an up / down switch 42a, 42b for setting the target room temperature, a FAN switch 43 for switching the blowing capacity, and a MODE switch 44 for manually setting the blowing mode. The up / down switches 42a, 42
The target room temperature set by b, the air blowing capacity set by the FAN switch 43, and the blowing mode set by the MODE switch 44 are displayed on the display unit 45 provided on the panel surface.
Is displayed.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are flowcharts showing an example of the total signal calculation processing by the microcomputer 27. In the following, this will be described. The microcomputer 27 calculates the room temperature Tinc detected by the room temperature sensor 31 and the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 32.
b, after inputting various signals necessary for air-conditioning control, such as the solar radiation amount Tsun detected by the solar radiation sensor and the signal from the operation panel 35, in step 50, the room temperature Tinc and the outside air temperature T
The radiation temperature Trad is estimated based on amb. This Trade
The estimation calculation of is based on an actual vehicle test data (data obtained by measuring a radiation temperature with respect to each room temperature and an outside air temperature in a stable state with a radiometer) and an approximate expression expressed by Formula 1 based on Equation 1 It is performed using. Here, K1 to K3 are calculation gains, and K4 represents a correction term. This step 50 constitutes a radiation temperature estimating means.

[0022]

## EQU1 ## Trad = K1.Tinc. Tamb + K2.Tinc
+ K3 • Tamb + K4

Thereafter, in steps 52 and 54, it is determined whether the outside air temperature Tamb is in a low outside air area lower than 2 ° C.
It is determined whether the air is in the middle / outside air range of up to 25 ° C. or in the high outside air range larger than 25 ° C. If it is in the low outside air range, the process proceeds to step 56 and the blower voltage Vm applied to the blower 7 is determined. Is calculated as Y1 · Tamb + Y2, and when it is in the middle / outside air region, the process proceeds to step 58, where the blower voltage Vm is fixed at α, and when it is in the high outside air region, the process proceeds to step 60, and the blower voltage Vm is changed to Y4 · Tam +
The calculation is performed as Y5. Here, Y1 and Y4 are operation gains, and Y2 and Y5 are operation constants. The processing from step 52 to step 60 is not conscious of processing in a transient state at the beginning of air conditioning, but indicates processing in a stable state, and indicates the processing of the outside air temperature Tam of the blower voltage Vm.
characteristics for b is I as shown in Figure 5 as a whole
ing.

In steps 62 and 64, the outside air temperature T
amb is in a low outside air range lower than 5 ° C. or 5 to 20
It is determined whether it is in the middle / outside air region in the range of ° C or in the high outside air region larger than 20 ° C. If it is in the low outside air region, the process proceeds to step 66, and as shown in the step, The air flow velocity Va of the air blown to the head, abdomen, and feet in the foot mode (in the figure, the air flow velocity blown to the head is Va (head), and the air flow velocity blown to the abdomen is Va.
(Body), the air velocity blown out to the foot is Va (foo)
t)). That is, for the head and abdomen, the air flow velocity Va is calculated as 0.1 m / sec, and for the feet, the air flow velocity Va is calculated as X12 · Vm + X13. On the other hand, if it is in the high outside air area, the process proceeds to step 68, and the air flow velocity Va of the air blown to the head, abdomen, and feet in the vent mode is calculated. In this case, the air flow rate Va at the head is X1 · Vm + X2, the air flow rate Va at the abdomen is X6 · Vm + X7, and the air flow rate Va at the foot is 0.1.
It is calculated as m / sec. If it is in the middle / outside air region, the process proceeds to step 70 without calculating Va. This
These steps 62 to 66 constitute the air flow velocity estimating means.
Have been.

After the calculation of the air flow velocity, in step 70, the calculation of the amount of clothing is performed based on the outside air temperature. In this operation, if the clothing amount Icl is the head, there is usually no clothing amount, so Icl (head) = 0, and in the abdomen, Icl (b)
ody) = Z1.Tamb + Z2, and for the foot, Icl (foot) = Z3.Tamb + Z4.
These are standardized international standards as ISO-7730, and Z1 to Z4 are constants. This step 70 constitutes a clothing amount estimating means.

In the next step 72, the room temperature Tinc
, Based on the estimated radiation temperature Trad and the like, and calculates the equivalent temperature Teq from Expression 2.

[0027]

[Equation 2] Teq = 0.55 * Tinc + 0.45 * Trad + G (3
6.5-Tinc)

Here, G in the equation is calculated in consideration of the airflow velocity Va of the head, abdomen, and feet and the amount of clothing Icl, and is a calculation element G1 for the head and a calculation element G2 for the abdomen. , And the operation element G3 at the foot is calculated as shown in Table 1, and weighted for each of them to calculate by Expression 3.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

[Equation 3] G = 0.1 G1 + 0.7 G2 + 0.2 G3

After the above processing is completed, in step 74, it is determined whether the outside air temperature Tamb is in the middle region between 5 ° C. and 20 ° C. or in any other region. When it is determined in this step 74 that the outside air temperature Tamb is in the intermediate region, the process proceeds to step 76, where the target room temperature Troom is calculated based on Expression 4, and it is determined that the outside air temperature Tamb is outside the intermediate region. If so, the process proceeds to a step 78, wherein the target room temperature Troom is calculated based on the equation (5).

[0032]

(Equation 4)

[0033]

(Equation 5)

The target room temperature Troom (VENT) in the vent mode,
The target room temperature Troom (B / L) in the bi-level mode and the target room temperature Troom (FOOT) in the foot mode are expressed by an approximate expression using the equivalent temperature Teq and the outside temperature Tamb as parameters, as shown in Table 2. When Teq is set to 23.5 ° C. and the characteristic line is shown for each blowing mode, it becomes as shown by the broken line in FIG. Here, the approximate expression in Table 2 is obtained by adding the expression 1 to the equivalent temperature calculation expression in Expression 2.
, The clothing volume relation formula, and the corresponding air flow velocity relation formula in the blowing mode.
In this embodiment, as shown by the solid line, the outside air temperature Tamb is 5
If the temperature is lower than ° C, use Troom in the FOOT mode,
When the outside air temperature Tamb is higher than 20 ° C., Troom in the VENT mode is used, and in the intermediate region (5 ≦ Tamb ≦ 20), the value T ₅ of 5 ° C. of Troom (FOOT) and Troom (VEN)
The straight line of the values which connects the 20 ° C value T ₂₀ of T) is set to Troom.

Equation 4 shows that the outside air temperature is 5 ° C.
Is a straight line formula in an intermediate region between the above and 20 ° C.
Is 23.5 = 0.55 * Troom + 0.45 * T, where in Equation 2, the room temperature Tinc when the comfortable equivalent temperature Teq is 23.5 ° C. is defined as Troom.
This is obtained from the relational expression of rad + G (36.5-Troom), and is equivalent to the relational expression of the characteristic line when the outside air temperature Tamb shown in FIG. 6 is 5 ° C. or less, or 20 ° C. or more. A series of these steps 72 to 78
Constitutes the target room temperature calculating means.

[0036]

[Table 2]

Thereafter, in step 80 constituting the correction amount calculating means, the correction amount β is calculated by the equation 6 based on the target room temperature Troom calculated in the previous step.

[0038]

Equation 6: β = (Troom−25) / C

Then, in step 82, a reference signal used for controlling each air conditioner is calculated as a total signal T by using Equation 7 in consideration of the correction amount β. Equation 6
And in Equation 7, B, C, and D are operation constants.

[0040]

T = (Tinc−25) + B (Tamb−25) −
C (Tset + β-25) + D * Tsun + E

[0041] Thus, the total signal T at room temperature Tinc, outside air temperature Tamb, solar radiation Tsun, but also changes in the setting room temperature Tset, will be changed by the value of beta, the value of the beta is a target room temperature Troom It is determined that this target room temperature Troom is a function of Trade and G;
Is a function of Va and Icl, β is eventually Tra
parameters that vary with d, Va, and Icl;
These Trad, Va, and Icl can be reflected in the calculation of the total signal.

Conventionally, even if the set room temperature is 25 ° C., when the outside air temperature is high, the sense of cooling is small, so the set room temperature is corrected to be lower than 25 ° C. On the contrary, when the outside air temperature is low, At 25 ° C, it was considered that the set room temperature was corrected to be higher than 25 ° C because of the feeling of cold. However, this was done by changing the set room temperature so that characteristics predetermined in relation to the outside temperature could be obtained. Or increase or decrease the set room temperature by a fixed amount. However, according to the present invention, the target room temperature is determined in consideration of the room temperature, the radiation temperature, the air velocity, the equivalent temperature of how the occupant actually feels from the amount of clothing, and the correction amount of the set room temperature is determined. ,
The temperature control can be performed in accordance with the actual thermal sensation of the occupant, and the comfort can be improved.

Further, without using the radiation sensor and the airflow velocity sensor, which are conventionally required, the radiation and the airflow velocity are estimated based on the existing sensors and the operation amount, and the correction of the total signal is performed based on the estimated value and the clothing amount. Since the amount β is calculated, it is possible to realize the same comfortable control as when using the radiation sensor and the airflow velocity sensor.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Radiation temperature that affects the thermal sensation of the human body, head, abdomen,
The airflow rate and the amount of clothing in each of the feet
Estimated from the amount of operation and the amount of operation
The target room temperature of the room to be conditioned
Based on this target room temperature, the correction amount of the set room temperature is calculated, and then the correction amount is added to the item of the set room temperature of the total signal. With the hardware configuration described above, it is possible to perform temperature adjustment control that comprehensively and accurately considers various factors of the thermal sensation of a person in the room to be air-conditioned , and improve comfort.

Further, since it is possible to cope with the change of software without changing the hardware configuration, it is advantageous in terms of cost as compared with the case of changing the design from hardware.

Further, when the vehicle is used for a vehicle, the correction amount can be determined in consideration of the relationship between the outside air temperature and the blow-out mode, particularly if the configuration is as in claim 2, so that the temperature can be further increased. Comfortable control that accurately reflects the cold sensation becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an air conditioning control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner using an air conditioning control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of control processing in the microcomputer of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a continuation of the control processing example of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a blower voltage Vm applied to a blower and an outside air temperature Tamb.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a target room temperature Troom in a relationship between an outside air temperature Tamb and a blowing mode (VENT mode, B / L mode, FOOT mode).

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 21 vehicle room 41 temperature setting device 31 room temperature sensor 32 outside air temperature sensor 100 radiation temperature estimating means 200 clothing amount estimating means 300 air flow velocity estimating means 400 target room temperature calculating means 500 correction amount calculating means 600 total signal calculating means

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A temperature setting device for setting a room temperature of a room to be air-conditioned, a room temperature sensor for detecting a room temperature of the room to be air-conditioned, and an outside air temperature sensor for detecting an outside air temperature. A radiation temperature estimating means for estimating a radiation temperature on the basis of; a clothing amount estimating means for estimating a clothing amount of each of a head, an abdomen, and a foot based on the outside air temperature; Head based on changing blower voltage
The airflow velocity that blows out to each part, abdomen, and foot
Air velocity estimating means for estimating the air velocity in accordance with the head, abdomen, and feet.
Flow velocity and clothing amount, estimated by the radiation temperature estimation means
Weighting the radiation temperature and the
Target room temperature calculating means for calculating the target room temperature according to the blowing mode and the outside air temperature; correction amount calculating means for calculating a correction amount of the set room temperature from the target room temperature; set room temperature corrected by the correction amount; A total signal calculating means for calculating a reference signal used for control of each air conditioner as a total signal based on at least the room temperature detected by the sensor and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor. Control device. 2. The target room temperature is calculated based on a calculation formula in a foot mode when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a first predetermined temperature, and a second predetermined room temperature where the outside air temperature is higher than the first predetermined temperature. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature, the calculation is performed based on the calculation formula in the vent mode. When the outside air temperature is between the first predetermined temperature and the second predetermined temperature, the calculation formula in the foot mode is used.
Calculation formula based on target room temperature and vent mode calculated based on vent mode
The air-conditioning control device according to claim 1, wherein the air-conditioning control device is set to a value between the target room temperature calculated based on the target room temperature .