JP2648886B2 - How to Prevent Household Mastitis - Google Patents
How to Prevent Household MastitisInfo
- Publication number
- JP2648886B2 JP2648886B2 JP2290802A JP29080290A JP2648886B2 JP 2648886 B2 JP2648886 B2 JP 2648886B2 JP 2290802 A JP2290802 A JP 2290802A JP 29080290 A JP29080290 A JP 29080290A JP 2648886 B2 JP2648886 B2 JP 2648886B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chitosan
- mastitis
- nipple
- present
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は家畜の乳房炎予防方法に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for preventing mastitis in livestock.
さらに詳しくは、乳牛などの家畜の乳頭に、抗菌性、
殺菌性を有するキトサン及び／またはキトサン誘導体の
水溶液または酸性水溶液を、スプレーまたは浸漬するこ
とにより、キトサン及び／またはキトサン誘導体の被膜
を形成することによる乳房炎の予防方法に関する。In more detail, anti-bacterial,
The present invention relates to a method for preventing mastitis by forming a coat of chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative by spraying or dipping an aqueous solution or an acidic aqueous solution of chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative having a bactericidal property.
（従来技術） 乳牛などの家畜動物の乳房炎は,Staphylococcus aure
us,Streptcoccus agalactiae,Esherichia Coliその他の
病原菌が乳頭口より乳房内に侵入し，炎症を起こす疾病
である。(Prior art) Mastitis in livestock animals such as dairy cows is caused by Staphylococcus aurea.
Us, Streptcoccus agalactiae, Esherichia Coli, and other pathogens invade the udder through the nipple and cause inflammation.
とりわけ酪農経営者にとっては，本疾病は発生率も高
く，乳量の減少，乳質の低下，供用年数の短縮さらには
乳汁の細菌汚染による公衆衛生上の問題や体細胞の増加
にる乳製品の加工の際の歩止まりの悪化などの大きな損
失をもたらす重大な疾病となっている。For dairy farmers in particular, the disease has a high incidence, reduced milk yield, reduced milk quality, reduced service life, and public health problems due to bacterial contamination of milk and increased production of dairy products. It is a serious disease that causes large losses, such as poor yield during processing.
乳房炎はこのように家畜の重大な疾病であるが，従来
の予防としては，家畜の適切な飼育管理による病原菌に
対する抵抗力の増強や搾乳を清潔に行うなどの原始的な
手段や，ポビドンヨード（PVPヨード），グルコン酸ク
ロルヘキシジンなどを含む乳頭浸漬剤（ディップ）で乳
頭を消毒（ディッピング）する方法などが知られている
が，乳房炎の発生率は低下してきたものの完全には予防
できていない。また，これらの乳頭浸漬剤は強い殺菌力
を有するものの乳頭への刺激が強くひび割れができた
り，水によって容易に流されるため長時間にわたって殺
菌力が維持されないなどの問題がある。その他，乳頭を
外部環境の病原菌と遮断する被膜を形成するタイプの乳
頭浸漬剤も使用されているが，それ自体殺菌力はなく搾
乳中の病原菌の感染は防げない。Mastitis is a serious disease of livestock in this way, but conventional preventive measures include increasing the resistance to pathogens through proper breeding and raising livestock and cleansing milking, as well as the use of povidone-iodine ( Methods for disinfecting (dipping) nipples with nipple immersion (dip) containing PVP iodine) and chlorhexidine gluconate are known, but the incidence of mastitis has been reduced but not completely prevented . In addition, although these teat dips have a strong bactericidal effect, they have problems such as strong irritation to the nipple, cracking, and difficulty in maintaining the bactericidal effect for a long time because they are easily washed away by water. In addition, nipple immersion agents that form a film that blocks the nipple from pathogens in the external environment have been used, but they have no bactericidal activity per se and cannot prevent infection by pathogens during milking.
従って，適当な殺菌力を有し乳頭への刺激がなくかつ
長時間病原菌の感染を防ぐ安定な被膜を形成するタイプ
の乳房炎予防剤の開発が望まれている。Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a mastitis preventive agent which has a suitable bactericidal activity, has no irritation to the nipple, and forms a stable film which prevents the infection of pathogenic bacteria for a long time.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 本発明は，乳牛など家畜動物の乳頭に被膜を形成せし
め，乳頭の病原菌の増殖を抑制し，かつ病原菌の乳房へ
の侵入を阻止しうる新しい乳房炎予防方法を提供するこ
とを目的とする。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a new method for preventing mastitis that forms a coating on the nipple of livestock animals such as dairy cows, suppresses the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the nipple, and prevents the invasion of pathogenic bacteria into the udder. The purpose is to provide.
（課題を解決するための手段） 本発明者らは，上記課題を解決すべく研究した結果，
キトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体が抗菌力を有し乳頭
への刺激がなくかつ良好な被膜を形成することを見出し
本発明を完成させた。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors have conducted research to solve the above problems,
The present inventors have found that chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative have antibacterial activity, do not irritate the nipple, and form a good film, thereby completing the present invention.
本発明の乳房炎予防方法は，キトサン及び／又はキト
サン誘導体を有効成分とするものである。The method for preventing mastitis of the present invention comprises chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative as an active ingredient.
これまで，キトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体は抗菌
性，殺菌性，創傷治癒作用，免疫賦活性作用などの種々
の機能を有し，又生体適合性の高い被膜を形成するた
め，医薬，化粧品，工業，農業，食品の分野で使用が知
られている。Hitherto, chitosan and / or chitosan derivatives have various functions such as antibacterial property, bactericidal property, wound healing action, immunostimulatory action, etc., and form a highly biocompatible film, so that they can be used in medicine, cosmetics, industrial It is known for use in the fields of agriculture and food.
本発明は，上記のキトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体
のすぐれた特徴に着目して，鋭意研究の結果，乳牛など
の家畜の乳房炎の予防にキトサン及び／又はキトサン誘
導体の水溶液もしくは酸性水溶液をスプレー又は浸漬す
ることがきわめて有効であることを見出した。The present invention focuses on the excellent characteristics of chitosan and / or chitosan derivatives described above, and as a result of intensive studies, sprays or sprays an aqueous solution or an acidic aqueous solution of chitosan and / or chitosan derivatives on the prevention of mastitis in livestock such as dairy cows. It has been found that immersion is extremely effective.
本発明に用いられるキトサンは，カニ等の甲殻類，か
ぶと虫等の昆虫類の甲殻の形成成分である，キチン（Ｎ
−アセチル−Ｄ−グルコサミンの多糖類）が脱アセチル
化されたもので，遊離アミノ基を有する塩基性多糖類高
分子物質であり，分子量に特に限定はない。また，脱ア
セチル化されていない原料であるキチンや化学処理によ
って生成する軽度分解物などの不純物を若干量含有する
ものも含まれる。Chitosan used in the present invention is chitin (N) which is a constituent of crustaceans such as crabs and crustaceans of insects such as beetles.
-Acetyl-D-glucosamine) is a deacetylated basic polysaccharide polymer having a free amino group, and the molecular weight is not particularly limited. Also included are those containing a small amount of impurities such as chitin, which is a raw material that has not been deacetylated, and mildly decomposed products generated by chemical treatment.
本発明に用いられるキトサン誘導体としては，キトサ
ンの遊離のアミノ基または水酸基をすべてあるいは部分
的にアルキル基，アルコキシアルキル基，アルキルチオ
アルキル基，アリール基，アラルキル基，アシル基，ス
ルホニル基，アルコキシカルボニル基またはリン酸残基
等により化学装飾されたものを挙げる事ができる。これ
らのキトサン誘導体は，例えば以下の文献記載の手法な
どの，通常の有機合成化学的な化学修飾によって得るこ
とが出来る。The chitosan derivative used in the present invention includes all or part of the free amino group or hydroxyl group of chitosan as an alkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylthioalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an acyl group, a sulfonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group. Or, those chemically decorated with a phosphoric acid residue or the like can be given. These chitosan derivatives can be obtained by ordinary organic synthetic chemical modification such as the method described in the following literature.
（１）公開特許公報 昭57−180602 （２）公開特許公報 昭59−106409 本発明においてキトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体
は，水溶液あるいは有機酸または無機酸の希薄水溶液と
して用いられる。キトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体の
使用量は特に限定されないが，通常は,0.1〜10％の濃度
において使用される。用いられる酸としては，塩酸，硝
酸などの無機酸や酢酸，クエン酸，コハク酸，乳酸，お
よびリンゴ酸などの有機酸を例示することができる。(1) Published Patent Application Sho 57-180602 (2) Published Patent Application Sho 59-106409 In the present invention, chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative are used as an aqueous solution or a dilute aqueous solution of an organic acid or an inorganic acid. The amount of chitosan and / or chitosan derivative used is not particularly limited, but is usually used at a concentration of 0.1 to 10%. Examples of the acid used include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and malic acid.
また，キトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体の水溶液あ
るいは酸性水溶液は，単独もしくはポビドンヨード（PV
Pヨード），グルコン酸クロルヘキシジン，次亜塩素酸
ナトリウムなどの既存の殺菌剤と混合して用いることも
可能である。An aqueous solution or an acidic aqueous solution of chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative may be used alone or with povidone-iodine (PV
It can be used in combination with existing disinfectants such as P-iodine), chlorhexidine gluconate, and sodium hypochlorite.
調整したキトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体含有製剤
は，スプレーまたは浸漬などの方法によって乳頭にキト
サン及び／又はキトサン誘導体の被膜を形成せしめ，乳
頭の病原菌の増殖を抑制し，かつ病原菌の乳房への侵入
を阻止することにより乳房炎を予防することができる。The prepared preparation containing chitosan and / or chitosan derivative forms a coating of chitosan and / or chitosan derivative on the nipple by spraying or dipping or the like, thereby suppressing the growth of nipple pathogens and preventing the pathogens from entering the udder. Prevention can prevent mastitis.
（実施例） 本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。(Example) The present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.
ただし，本発明の範囲は以下の実施例により何等の制
約を受けるものではない。However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
表１に示す成分を有する実施例１及び実施例２のキト
サン含有溶液を調製し，以下の試験を行った。The chitosan-containing solutions of Examples 1 and 2 having the components shown in Table 1 were prepared, and the following tests were performed.
（試験例１） 実施例１のキトサンの希酢酸溶液を用いて搾乳後の乳
頭浸漬を６カ月実施したところ，臨床型の乳房炎発生頭
数が激減した。結果を下記表２に示す。 (Test Example 1) When nipple immersion after milking was performed for 6 months using the dilute acetic acid solution of chitosan of Example 1, the number of clinical mastitis outbreaks was drastically reduced. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
（表２） 頭数 臨床型乳房炎発生頭数 割合 実施例 １ 52 5 9.6％ａ 比較例 １ 52 13 25.0％ｂ 対照例 54 14 25.9％ｂ a.b異なる符号を持つ割合は有意差あり（ｐ＜0.05） （試験例２） 実施例２のキトサンのクエン酸水溶液を用いて乾乳直
後に１回乳頭浸漬を行い，分娩後も搾乳後の乳頭浸漬を
実施したところ，実施した乳牛10頭すべてに臨床型乳房
炎の発生は認められず，体細胞数はいずれの牛も20万以
下であった。(Table 2) Number of heads Number of heads with clinical mastitis Ratio Example 1 52 5 9.6% a Comparative example 1 52 13 25.0% b Control example 54 14 25.9% b ab The ratios with different signs are significantly different (p <0.05) (Test Example 2) The nipple was immersed once immediately after drying using the aqueous solution of chitosan in citric acid of Example 2, and the nipple was immersed after milking even after parturition. No mastitis was observed, and the number of somatic cells was less than 200,000 in all cattle.
（発明の効果） この様に本発明を実施することにより臨床型乳房炎の
発生率は大幅に減少していることが明らかである。これ
は，キトサン及びキトサン誘導体の持つ抗菌性を有する
被膜が病原菌の乳頭への侵入を効果的に防いでいるため
と考えられる。(Effects of the Invention) It is clear that the incidence of clinical mastitis is significantly reduced by implementing the present invention in this way. This is considered to be because the antibacterial coating of chitosan and the chitosan derivative effectively prevented pathogens from entering the nipple.
また，実施例２に示すように病原菌に感染しやすい時
期である乾乳直後に本発明を実施することにより，長時
間にわたって抗菌性を有する被膜を維持するため，乾乳
中の感染を防止出来たと考えられる。In addition, as shown in Example 2, by carrying out the present invention immediately after drying, which is a time when infection is likely to be caused by pathogenic bacteria, infection during drying can be prevented because the antibacterial film is maintained for a long time. It is considered that
本発明のキトサン及び／又はキトサン誘導体含有薬剤
は，乳牛の乳頭に対し刺激が少ないため，実施例1,2の
いずれの場合においても，乳頭のひび割れなどの薬品の
乳頭への影響は見られなかった。Since the chitosan and / or chitosan derivative-containing drug of the present invention is less irritating to the nipple of dairy cows, in any of Examples 1 and 2, there is no effect of chemicals such as cracking of the nipple on the nipple. Was.
以上のように本発明は，農家にとって有効な家畜の乳
房炎の予防手段を提供するものである。As described above, the present invention provides a means of preventing livestock mastitis that is effective for farmers.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 斎藤 繁 千葉県市原市五井南海岸12―54 日本曹 達株式会社機能製品研究所内 (72)発明者 丸山 広美 新潟県中頚城郡中郷村大字藤沢950 日 本曹達株式会社二本木工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−215630（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭52−113954（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−27827（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−107267（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭46−22072（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shigeru Saito 12-54 Goi-minamikaigan, Ichihara-shi, Chiba Japan Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.Functional Products Research Laboratories (72) Inventor Hiromi Maruyama 950 (56) References JP-A-63-215630 (JP, A) JP-A-52-113954 (JP, A) JP-A-59-27827 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 107267 (JP, A) JP 46-22072 (JP, B1)
Claims (1)
溶液または酸性水溶液を、スプレーまたは浸漬すること
を特徴とする家畜の乳房炎予防方法1. A method for preventing mastitis in livestock, comprising spraying or dipping an aqueous solution or an acidic aqueous solution of chitosan and / or a chitosan derivative.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2290802A JP2648886B2 (en) | 1990-10-30 | 1990-10-30 | How to Prevent Household Mastitis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2290802A JP2648886B2 (en) | 1990-10-30 | 1990-10-30 | How to Prevent Household Mastitis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04169529A JPH04169529A (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| JP2648886B2 true JP2648886B2 (en) | 1997-09-03 |
Family
ID=17760682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2290802A Expired - Lifetime JP2648886B2 (en) | 1990-10-30 | 1990-10-30 | How to Prevent Household Mastitis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2648886B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0656675A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-03-01 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Livestock mammary inflammation-preventing agent |
| US20020119949A1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-08-29 | Asa Hellman | Prophylactic teat treatment |
| KR100474945B1 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2005-03-10 | 알앤엘생명과학주식회사 | Composition for reducing somatic cell and preventing or treating mastitis of dairy cattle |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA77943B (en) * | 1976-03-19 | 1977-12-28 | Upjohn Co | Topical steroid clindamycin preparations |
| JPS5927827A (en) * | 1982-08-10 | 1984-02-14 | Shigeo Suzuki | Anti-infective agent |
| GB8700942D0 (en) * | 1987-01-16 | 1987-02-18 | Albright & Wilson | Pharmaceutical veterinary & cosmetic compositions |
| US4956350A (en) * | 1988-08-18 | 1990-09-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Wound filling compositions |
-
1990
- 1990-10-30 JP JP2290802A patent/JP2648886B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04169529A (en) | 1992-06-17 |
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